CN101237497B - On-demand broadcasting method for broadcasting system with reverse channel - Google Patents
On-demand broadcasting method for broadcasting system with reverse channel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101237497B CN101237497B CN2007100635476A CN200710063547A CN101237497B CN 101237497 B CN101237497 B CN 101237497B CN 2007100635476 A CN2007100635476 A CN 2007100635476A CN 200710063547 A CN200710063547 A CN 200710063547A CN 101237497 B CN101237497 B CN 101237497B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method of on-demand broadcasting which comprises the following steps that: a terminal selects programs ready to be received, then informs a base station of a program selection information through a backward channel; after receiving the information of the program selection from the terminal, the base station detects whether the program is already on air, and starts to broadcast if the program is not on air; the base station monitors the number of terminals receiving programs in all channels, when the number of terminals receiving programs in a certain channel is less than a preset threshold, then the base station ceases the broadcasting of this program. The invention has the advantages of: avoiding resource wastes caused by broadcasting all programs; being suitable for a variety of broadcasting systems of backward channels and easy to be extended; and conforming to the convergent tendency of broadcasting and communication. With the method of on-demand broadcasting, a vacant broadcasting bandwidth can be applied to data communication, thereby increasing the utilization ratio of the bandwidth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the broadcast communication technical field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of on-demand broadcasting method.
Background technology
Conventional television broadcast has the benefit and limitation of himself.Its frequency spectrum resource is abundant, and the message transmission capacity is big; Has the abundant content resource, ripe radio and television group of viewers.The tradition terrestrial broadcast system is the one-way transmission network, sends the downlink broadcast TV programme by the base station to user terminal, and this structure can satisfy the asymmetry of multimedia broadcasting demand, and insensitive to number of users.But one-way broadcasting network does not have backward channel, lacks perfect operation support and teller system.Therefore people have proposed scheme that broadcast system and communication system are merged mutually, promptly utilize the advantage of communication system transmitted in both directions, for broadcast system provides backward channel, carry out operations such as authentication, control.For example, one-way broadcast systems is combined with bidirectional communication networks such as cdma network, 802.11 networks, GSM networks, constitute broadcast system with backward channel.Backward channel among the present invention just is meant up link, i.e. transmission link from terminal use to the base station.
But in the broadcast system that has backward channel at present, no matter whether program has the user to receive, and all broadcast programs can all be transmitted.When especially broadcasting,, then broadcast the shared bandwidth of this road program and be actually and be wasted if there is not terminal receiving certain road program in this sub-district by cellular basestation.As the scene of traditional broadcast among Fig. 1, the user in the sub-district is program receiving 1, program 2 and program 3 respectively, but the base station can all be broadcasted programs all on it.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, make full use of the backward channel in the broadcast system, obtain the reception condition of user to program, and whether decision needs certain road program is broadcasted in view of the above, thereby the on-demand broadcasting method in a kind of broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel is provided.
For achieving the above object, on-demand broadcasting method in the broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel provided by the invention, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps: 1) terminal selects to prepare the program of reception, then program selection information is passed through the backward channel informing base station; 2) after the program selection information of terminal is received in the base station, check whether this road program broadcasts, if do not broadcast the broadcasting that then starts this road program; 3) base station monitoring receives the terminal quantity of each road program, when the terminal quantity that is at present receiving certain road program during less than predefined threshold value, then stops the broadcasting of this road program.
Wherein a kind of embodiment is that in the described step 3), the method that base station monitoring receives the terminal quantity of each road program is: when terminal stopped the reception of certain road program, terminal sent program to the base station and stops to receive message; At the base station end each road program is provided with a counter, when the base station receives program that request that terminal sends receives certain road program when receiving message, the counter of this road program correspondence adds 1; When the program that receives certain road program when base station stopping of receiving that terminal sends stopped to receive message, then the counter of this road program correspondence subtracted 1; When the counting of the corresponding counter of certain road program during less than predefined threshold value, the base station stops the broadcasting of this road program.
Another embodiment is, in the described step 3), the method that base station monitoring receives the terminal quantity of each road program is: at the base station end each road program is provided with a base station timer, when certain road program was gone on the air, the base station timer of this road program correspondence started; Terminal regularly sends the accepting state updating message to the base station when receiving certain road program; After the base station receives the accepting state updating message of certain road program, the base station timer of this road program correspondence is made zero and restart; When the timer timing of the base station of certain road program reached timing length, the base station stopped the broadcasting of this road program.
Also have a kind of embodiment to be, in the described step 3), the method that base station monitoring receives the terminal quantity of each road program is: when terminal stopped the reception of certain road program, terminal sent program to the base station and stops to receive message; At the base station end each road program is provided with a counter, this counter initial value is 0, and when the base station receives program that request that terminal sends receives certain road program when receiving message, the counter of this road program correspondence adds 1; When the program that receives certain road program when base station stopping of receiving that terminal sends stopped to receive message, then the counter of this road program correspondence subtracted 1; And, at the base station end each road program is provided with a base station timer, when certain road program was gone on the air, the base station timer of this road program correspondence started; Terminal regularly sends the accepting state updating message to the base station when receiving certain road program; After the base station receives the accepting state updating message of certain road program, the base station timer of this road program correspondence is made zero and restart; When the counting of the corresponding counter of certain road program during less than predefined threshold value, perhaps when the timer timing of the base station of certain road program reached timing length, the base station stopped the broadcasting of this road program.
The present invention has following technique effect:
1) the present invention utilizes backward channel to carry out on-demand broadcasting, has avoided broadcasting the wasting of resources that whole program causes, especially under the situation of utilizing cellular basestation to broadcast.
2) the present invention is applicable to the broadcast system that there is backward channel in all, comprises the broadcast system of the backward channel of bidirectional communication networks such as utilizing cdma network, 802.11 networks, GSM network, and expansion is convenient.
3) the present invention meets broadcasting and the trend of communicating by letter and merging, and by the present invention, the broadcast bandwidth of free time can be used for data communication (for example Speech Communication, file download etc.), thereby improves bandwidth availability ratio.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of traditional broadcast;
Fig. 2 is the on-demand broadcasting flow chart of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 begins to receive state-maintenance process behind certain road program for terminal among the present invention;
Fig. 4 for base station among the present invention to the control procedure of broadcast program.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is applied to have the broadcast system of backward channel, and this broadcast system comprises base station and several user terminals.
Each road program of base station end all has preparing state and activity attitude two states.If certain road program is current to be had and have at least a user to receive, then this road program is set to the activity attitude.If the current user of not having of certain road program receives, then this road program is set to preparing state.The base station is only broadcasted and is in the dynamic program of living.
In addition, at the base station end each road program is provided with a base station timer and a counter respectively.Described base station timer starts when program enters the activity attitude by preparing state, and when this base station timer reached time gate limit value T1, then program entered preparing state by the activity attitude.Described counter records receives the user terminal number of one road program simultaneously.In addition, also fixed time broadcast programme of base station comprises in this programme that all are in preparing state and the dynamic program of living.
After above-mentioned preparation is finished, then can carry out on-demand broadcasting at the broadcast system with backward channel, as shown in Figure 2, the on-demand broadcasting method of present embodiment comprises the steps:
Step 100: terminal is selected the information informing base station with program.Concrete grammar is as follows: terminal selects to prepare the program of reception from programme, sends program by backward channel to the base station then and receives message, and begin to receive this road program.Described program receives message and comprises message type field, user label field and program sign field.
Step 200: the selected program of base station broadcast terminal.Concrete grammar is as follows: after the base station receives that program receives message, judge wherein whether one road program of program sign field correspondence goes on the air, if not broadcasting as yet, then this pairing base station of road program timer starts, the pairing counter of this road program is set to 1, broadcast for this road program distribution bandwidth the base station, and send the program response message to terminal; Otherwise this pairing base station of road program timer makes zero and restarts, and the pairing counter of this road program adds 1, and simultaneously, the base station sends the program response message to terminal.Described program response message comprises message type field and program sign field.
In this step, when the base station received that program that terminal sends receives message, which road program what parse at first that this program receives the message correspondence was, checks that then the present state of this road program is preparing state or activity attitude.If preparing state illustrates that this road program is not broadcasted as yet, then is this road program distribution bandwidth, broadcast, and send response message to terminal; If the activity attitude shows that then this road program in broadcasting, directly sends response message to terminal and gets final product.
Step 300: each road program that base station monitoring is being broadcasted when the terminal quantity that receives certain road program is 0, then stops the broadcasting of this road program.
Base station monitoring receives the terminal quantity situation of change of each road program, and its concrete grammar is as follows:
In case certain road program is gone on the air, the base station timer starts, its timing length T1 controls the time-out time of certain road program under endless user reception condition, even the accepting state updating message of certain road program that any terminal sends is not received at T1 in the base station in the time, then the base station think this road program endless receive, need stop the broadcasting of this road program.
When terminal stopped the reception of certain road program, terminal sent program to the base station and stops to receive message.After this message is received in the base station, the counter of this road program correspondence is subtracted 1, if this moment the program correspondence counter become 0, then stop the broadcasting of this road program, otherwise proceed broadcasting.
Terminal is provided with after beginning to receive certain road program that duration is the terminal timer of T2 when certain, regularly sends the accepting state updating message to the base station, and it is also receiving this road program informing base station.Wherein the timing length T1 of base station timer is greater than the timing length T2 of terminal timer, and in the present embodiment, T1 is 3 times of T2.After the accepting state updating message of certain road program is received in the base station, the base station timer of this road program correspondence is made zero and restart.T1 is in a single day overtime, and the broadcasting of base station this road program of constipation bundle is made as preparing state with it.The purpose of T1 is exactly to prevent from that the terminal accident from withdrawing to cause the base station to whether continuing to broadcast certain road program and making false judgment and the waste that causes bandwidth.
In this step, described accepting state updating message comprises message type field, user label field and program sign field.Described program stops to receive message and comprises message type field, user label field and program sign field.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4,, the implementation procedure of step 300 is described further respectively from the angle of user terminal and base station.In this step, realize the monitoring of base station to each road program of broadcasting by two aspects.On the one hand be terminal to the state-maintenance of certain road program of receiving; Be that the base station is to the control of broadcast program on the other hand.
Wherein, terminal begin to receive behind certain road program the state-maintenance process as shown in Figure 3, comprise the steps:
Step 301: terminal is beginning to receive certain road program, and sends program reception message to the base station.
Step 302: terminal is provided with the terminal timer that timing length is T2.
Step 303: judge whether the terminal timer is overtime.When being judged as "Yes", enter step 304; When being judged as "No", enter step 305.
Step 304: terminal sends the accepting state updating message to the base station, comes back to step 302 then.
Step 305: whether terminal judges receives the signal that stops to receive certain road program.When being judged as "Yes", enter step 306; When being judged as "No", get back to step 303.
Step 306: terminal sends program to the base station and stops to receive message.
As shown in Figure 4, the base station is as follows to the control flow of broadcast program:
Step 311: base station certain road program of going on the air.
Step 312: the base station timer is set, and its timing length is T1.
Step 313: keep this road programming.At this moment, three kinds of different situations may occur, its handling process is as follows respectively:
Situation one
Step 314: the program that the base station receives certain terminal stops to receive message.
Step 315: recipient's number of this road program correspondence is subtracted one.
Step 316: judge that whether recipient's number is 0, when being judged as "Yes", enters step 317; When being judged as "No", enter step 318.
Step 317: stop the broadcasting of this road program.
Step 318: keep this road programming.Promptly get back to step 313.
Situation two
Step 324: the state updating message of certain terminal is received in the base station.
Step 325: replacement base station timer.
Step 326: keep this road programming.Promptly get back to step 313.
Situation two
Step 334: the base station timer surpasses timing length T1.
Step 335: stop the broadcasting of this road program.
In the present embodiment, the main field that program reception message comprises is as shown in table 1, and the program response message is as shown in table 2.
Table 1
| Field | Meaning |
| Message?Type | Type of message |
| User?ID | User label |
| Program?ID | Treat program receiving number |
Table 2
| Field | Meaning |
| Message?Type | Type of message |
| Program?ID | Treat program receiving number |
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is applied to have the broadcast system of backward channel, and this broadcast system comprises base station and several user terminals.
Each road program of base station end all has preparing state and activity attitude two states.If certain road program is current to be had and have at least a user to receive, then this road program is set to the activity attitude.If the current user of not having of certain road program receives, then this road program is set to preparing state.The base station is only broadcasted and is in the dynamic program of living.
In addition, at the base station end each road program is provided with a counter respectively.Described counter records receives the user terminal number of one road program simultaneously.In addition, also fixed time broadcast programme of base station comprises in this programme that all are in preparing state and the dynamic program of living.
After above-mentioned preparation is finished, then can carry out on-demand broadcasting at the broadcast system with backward channel, as shown in Figure 2, the on-demand broadcasting method of present embodiment comprises the steps:
Step 100: terminal is selected the information informing base station with program.Concrete grammar is as follows: terminal selects to prepare the program of reception from programme, sends program by backward channel to the base station then and receives message, and begin to receive this road program.Described program receives message and comprises message type field, user label field and program sign field.
Step 200: the selected program of base station broadcast terminal.Concrete grammar is as follows: after the base station receives that program receives message, judge wherein whether one road program of program sign field correspondence goes on the air, if not broadcasting as yet, then the pairing counter of this road program is set to 1, broadcast for this road program distribution bandwidth the base station, and send the program response message to terminal; Otherwise the pairing counter of this road program adds 1, and simultaneously, the base station sends the program response message to terminal.Described program response message comprises message type field and program sign field.
In this step, when the base station received that program that terminal sends receives message, which road program what parse at first that this program receives the message correspondence was, checks that then the present state of this road program is preparing state or activity attitude.If preparing state illustrates that this road program is not broadcasted as yet, then is this road program distribution bandwidth, broadcast, and send response message to terminal; If the activity attitude shows that then this road program in broadcasting, directly sends response message to terminal and gets final product.
Step 300: each road program that base station monitoring is being broadcasted when the terminal quantity that receives certain road program is 0, then stops the broadcasting of this road program.
In this step, it is as follows that base station monitoring receives the concrete grammar of terminal quantity situation of change of each road program:
When terminal stopped the reception of certain road program, terminal sent program to the base station and stops to receive message.After this message is received in the base station, the counter of this road program correspondence is subtracted 1, if this moment the program correspondence counter become 0, then stop the broadcasting of this road program, otherwise proceed broadcasting.In this step, described program stops to receive message and comprises message type field, user label field and program sign field.
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is to have simplified the mode of each road program of base station monitoring in the step 300, only needs to get final product for each road program is provided with counter respectively in the base station.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is applied to have the broadcast system of backward channel, and this broadcast system comprises base station and several user terminals.
Each road program of base station end all has preparing state and activity attitude two states.If certain road program is current to be had and have at least a user to receive, then this road program is set to the activity attitude.If the current user of not having of certain road program receives, then this road program is set to preparing state.The base station is only broadcasted and is in the dynamic program of living.
In addition, at the base station end each road program is provided with a base station timer respectively.Described base station timer starts when program enters the activity attitude by preparing state, and when this base station timer reached time gate limit value T1, then program entered preparing state by the activity attitude.In addition, also fixed time broadcast programme of base station comprises in this programme that all are in preparing state and the dynamic program of living.
After above-mentioned preparation is finished, then can carry out on-demand broadcasting at the broadcast system with backward channel, as shown in Figure 2, the on-demand broadcasting method of present embodiment comprises the steps:
Step 100: terminal is selected the information informing base station with program.Concrete grammar is as follows: terminal selects to prepare the program of reception from programme, sends program by backward channel to the base station then and receives message, and begin to receive this road program.Described program receives message and comprises message type field, user label field and program sign field.
Step 200: the selected program of base station broadcast terminal.Concrete grammar is as follows: after the base station receives that program receives message, judge wherein whether one road program of program sign field correspondence goes on the air, if not broadcasting as yet, then this pairing base station of road program timer starts, broadcast for this road program distribution bandwidth the base station, and send the program response message to terminal; Otherwise this pairing base station of road program timer makes zero and restarts, and simultaneously, the base station sends the program response message to terminal.Described program response message comprises message type field and program sign field.
In this step, when the base station received that program that terminal sends receives message, which road program what parse at first that this program receives the message correspondence was, checks that then the present state of this road program is preparing state or activity attitude.If preparing state illustrates that this road program is not broadcasted as yet, then is this road program distribution bandwidth, broadcast, and send response message to terminal; If the activity attitude shows that then this road program in broadcasting, directly sends response message to terminal and gets final product.
Step 300: each road program that base station monitoring is being broadcasted when the terminal quantity that receives certain road program is 0, then stops the broadcasting of this road program.
In this step, it is as follows that base station monitoring receives the concrete grammar of terminal quantity situation of change of each road program:
In case certain road program is gone on the air, the base station timer starts, its timing length T1 controls the time-out time of certain road program under endless user reception condition, even the accepting state updating message of certain road program that any terminal sends is not received at T1 in the base station in the time, then the base station think this road program endless receive, need stop the broadcasting of this road program.
Terminal is provided with after beginning to receive certain road program that duration is the terminal timer of T2 when certain, regularly sends the accepting state updating message to the base station, and it is also receiving this road program informing base station.Wherein the timing length T1 of base station timer is greater than the timing length T2 of terminal timer, and in the present embodiment, T1 is 3 times of T2.After the accepting state updating message of certain road program is received in the base station, the base station timer of this road program correspondence is made zero and restart.T1 is in a single day overtime, and the broadcasting of base station this road program of constipation bundle is made as preparing state with it.
In this step, described accepting state updating message comprises message type field, user label field and program sign field.
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is to have simplified the mode of each road program of base station monitoring in the step 300, need for each road program counter be set in the base station.
Among the above embodiment, all be to be 0 o'clock, stop the broadcasting of this road program at the terminal quantity that receives certain road program.Among the present invention, also can adopt other scheme, as set a threshold value,, stop the broadcasting of this road program when the terminal quantity that receives certain road program during less than threshold value.This threshold value can be got 1/5 of sub-district average user number.
In addition, when the terminal quantity that receives certain road program is lower than threshold value but is not 0, the mode of this road program by clean culture can be sent.
Among the present invention, for the program that does not have the user to receive, the base station end can directly abandon.
Method provided by the invention is specially adapted to the base station provides application from broadcasting service to portable terminal, owing to adopted the method for on-demand broadcasting, needn't all broadcast all programs at every turn, therefore reach the technique effect that under the prerequisite that guarantees the whole network broadcast capability, has improved bandwidth availability ratio.
Among the present invention, the broadcast channel in the described broadcast system with backward channel both can adopt wired connection also can adopt wireless connections; Its backward channel both can adopt wired connection also can adopt wireless connections.
Among the present invention, program receives message, program response message, accepting state updating message and stops to receive in the message, and the effect of its message type field and user label field also can realize by alternate manner.For example, if the base station can receive message, accepting state updating message or stops to receive the frame of message and obtain user profile from the carrying program, then in above message, can not show to comprise the user label field.
Claims (11)
1. the on-demand broadcasting method in the broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps: 1) terminal selects to prepare the program that receives, then with program selection information by the backward channel informing base station; 2) after the program selection information of terminal is received in the base station, check whether this road program broadcasts, if do not broadcast the broadcasting that then starts this road program; 3) base station utilizes program to select information monitoring to receive the terminal quantity of each road program, when the terminal quantity that is receiving at present certain road program during less than predefined threshold value, then stops the broadcasting of this road program.
2. by the on-demand broadcasting method in the described broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described step 1), select information by the method for backward channel informing base station to be program: terminal sends program by backward channel to the base station and receives message, and described program receives message and comprises the program sign field.
3. by the on-demand broadcasting method in the described broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel of claim 2, it is characterized in that described program receives message and also comprises message type field and user label field.
4. by the on-demand broadcasting method in the described broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel of claim 2, it is characterized in that, described step 2) in, after the base station receives that program receives message, judge wherein whether one road program of program sign field correspondence broadcasts, if not broadcasting is then broadcasted for this road program distribution bandwidth as yet.
5. by the on-demand broadcasting method in the described broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel of claim 4, it is characterized in that described step 2) in, after the base station received that program receives message, the base station sent the program response message to terminal; Described program response message comprises message type field and program sign field.
6. by the on-demand broadcasting method in any one described broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel in the claim 1,2,3,4,5, it is characterized in that, in the described step 3), the method that base station monitoring receives the terminal quantity of each road program is: when terminal stopped the reception of certain road program, terminal sent program to the base station and stops to receive message; At the base station end each road program is provided with a counter, when the base station receives program that request that terminal sends receives certain road program when receiving message, the counter of this road program correspondence adds 1; When the program that receives certain road program when base station stopping of receiving that terminal sends stopped to receive message, then the counter of this road program correspondence subtracted 1; When the counting of the corresponding counter of certain road program during less than predefined threshold value, the base station stops the broadcasting of this road program.
7. by the on-demand broadcasting method in any one described broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel in the claim 1,2,3,4,5, it is characterized in that, in the described step 3), the method that base station monitoring receives the terminal quantity of each road program is: at the base station end each road program is provided with a base station timer, when certain road program was gone on the air, the base station timer of this road program correspondence started; Terminal regularly sends the accepting state updating message to the base station when receiving certain road program; After the base station receives the accepting state updating message of certain road program, the base station timer of this road program correspondence is made zero and restart; When the timer timing of the base station of certain road program reached timing length, the base station stopped the broadcasting of this road program.
8. by the on-demand broadcasting method in any one described broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel in the claim 1,2,3,4,5, it is characterized in that, in the described step 3), the method that base station monitoring receives the terminal quantity of each road program is: when terminal stopped the reception of certain road program, terminal sent program to the base station and stops to receive message; At the base station end each road program is provided with a counter, this counter initial value is 0, and when the base station receives program that request that terminal sends receives certain road program when receiving message, the counter of this road program correspondence adds 1; When the program that receives certain road program when base station stopping of receiving that terminal sends stopped to receive message, then the counter of this road program correspondence subtracted 1; And,
At the base station end each road program is provided with a base station timer, when certain road program was gone on the air, the base station timer of this road program correspondence started; Terminal regularly sends the accepting state updating message to the base station when receiving certain road program; After the base station receives the accepting state updating message of certain road program, the base station timer of this road program correspondence is made zero and restart;
When the counting of the corresponding counter of certain road program during less than predefined threshold value, perhaps when the timer timing of the base station of certain road program reached timing length, the base station stopped the broadcasting of this road program.
9. by the on-demand broadcasting method in any one described broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel in the claim 1,2,3,4,5, it is characterized in that, in the described step 1), the base station fixed time broadcast contains the programme of all programs, and terminal selects to prepare the program of reception according to the programme that receives.
10. by the on-demand broadcasting method in any one described broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel in the claim 1,2,3,4,5, it is characterized in that the broadcast channel in the described broadcast system with backward channel both can adopt wired connection also can adopt the wireless connections mode; Its backward channel both can adopt wired connection also can adopt the wireless connections mode.
11. the on-demand broadcasting method by in the described broadcast system that is applied to have backward channel of claim 1 is characterized in that, when the terminal quantity that receives certain road program is lower than threshold value but is not 0, the mode of this road program by clean culture is sent.
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| CN2007100635476A CN101237497B (en) | 2007-02-02 | 2007-02-02 | On-demand broadcasting method for broadcasting system with reverse channel |
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| US7003115B1 (en) * | 1999-02-09 | 2006-02-21 | Sony Corporation | Communication apparatus, communication system and method of the same |
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| CN1848945A (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2006-10-18 | 杨杰 | Method and system for asking the radio station to broadcast the requested item |
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