CN101247414B - Wireless sensor network dynamic topology control method based on position information - Google Patents
Wireless sensor network dynamic topology control method based on position information Download PDFInfo
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- CN101247414B CN101247414B CN2008100611989A CN200810061198A CN101247414B CN 101247414 B CN101247414 B CN 101247414B CN 2008100611989 A CN2008100611989 A CN 2008100611989A CN 200810061198 A CN200810061198 A CN 200810061198A CN 101247414 B CN101247414 B CN 101247414B
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to wireless sensor network protocols technology field, and specially relates to dynamictopology controlling means in wireless sensor network based on locating information. The method provides a more favor controlling means for full net energy balanced Topological to improve the defect that full net energy distribution is not equality caused by that GAF algorithm is merely about grid internal node energy balance. The present invention uses method of dynamic regulation origin of coordinates for periodic forming different topological structure in full net. The present invention used in wireless sensor network can reaches full net energy balanced effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the wireless network protocol technical field, be specifically related to the dynamic topology control method of position-based information in a kind of wireless sensor network.This method is mainly used in the equilibrium that node in the wireless sensor network is born task, to reach the purpose of the whole network balancing energy.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network has obtained swift and violent development since the extensive concern that obtains theoretical and industrial quarters in recent years, and various new technologies about sensor network also enjoy attention.
Wireless sensor network is owing to be subjected to the restriction of factors such as cost and volume at present, and the disposal ability of sensor node, wireless bandwidth and battery capacity are all very limited.The energy of wireless sensor node can't be replenished under the situation of majority, and therefore the working life of prolonging wireless sensor network becomes one of key issue in the wireless sensor network design as much as possible.In order to improve the life-span of wireless sensor network, the balancing energy problem of each node has become the emphasis problem of research in the network.The node cluster-dividing method is generally believed it is the feasible method that improves energy efficiency by science and industrial quarters.The node sub-clustering has advantages such as Topology Management is convenient, the energy utilization is efficient, data fusion is simple.
Sensor network is made up of sensor node and sink node, sensor node is responsible for the collection and the transmission of data, the sink node is that data are compiled node, be responsible for gathering the data that sensor node is sent in the network, also be the Control Node of whole network simultaneously, other sensor nodes in the network are managed.
GAF (Geographic adaptive fidelity region self adaptation fidelity) algorithm is a kind of topology control method based on the geographical position.GAF hypothesis node dense distribution is kept the minority node and is activated in the zone of these node dense distribution, finish the route relaying and transmit most of node dormancies.
The GAF working method is as follows: at first, suppose that each node all has own definite positional information with respect to other nodes, this positional information can obtain by GPS or other locate mode.Network is divided into virtual little grid by the geographical position, and the node in the grid serves as a bunch head in turn, and the transformation task that each node is born is comparatively balanced, to reach the purpose of grid self-energy equilibrium.Any position that is in the grid for the active node that allows in two adjacent mesh can both intercom mutually, has provided the method for definite grid length of side r here, satisfies
Wherein R is the transmission radius of node.According to the method, the whole sensor network is by the virtual grid that radius is r that is divided into.
In addition, agreement is for each node is provided with a status indicator, is in a kind of in three states all the time: sleep state, active state, acquisition mode.Enter acquisition mode during node initializing, and Td after the time with same grid in other node switching probe message (comprising the relevant information of node), and enter active state.If receive the probe message that other nodes are sent in the grid in Td time period interior nodes then enter resting state.After node entered resting state, node was closed the power supply of wireless receiving and dispatching part, does not receive any network packet, reentered acquisition mode through behind the Ts, competed the back decision jointly with other node and whether entered active state.Bear the data forwarding task during in active state when node, reenter acquisition mode after the time through Ta.
In the network that uses the GAF algorithm, the life-span of node has obtained effective prolongation, because have only a node to be in active state in a grid, other node can dormancy be saved energy.In addition, GAF adjusts node according to residue energy of node and is in the time of active state and transfers the priority of active state to by acquisition mode, makes the more node of dump energy more be in active state, makes each the node energy equilibrium in the grid.
But there is an important defective in the GAF algorithm: each node is positioned in the fixing grid all the time, and the node in each grid is also more fixing.The balancing energy of the node of the whole network just can't guarantee like this, because it is heavier to be in the task of the transmission data that the node in the few grid of node bears, and have more node can share transformation task mutually in a grid, the data transfer task of then bearing is lighter, and node can be by longer dormancy time.The lack of uniformity of task has caused the unbalanced of the whole network energy distribution.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the shortcoming of above-mentioned GAF algorithm, done further improvement on its basis, proposed the dynamic topology control method of position-based information in a kind of wireless sensor network that more helps the equilibrium of the whole network node energy.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: in GAF wireless network topology control algolithm, add periodically-varied origin position mechanism and change the quantity and the full mesh topology of node in the grid, thereby reach the equilibrium of the whole network node energy consumption.
The present invention is used for wireless sensor network, can realize the effect of the whole network balancing energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an example figure who uses GAF topology controlling schemes.
Fig. 2 is the mobile figure of virtual grid.
Fig. 3 is an example figure of initial point motion track.
The grey node represents to be in active state in Fig. 1.Fig. 2 denotation coordination initial point moves to the upper left side, and virtual square frame moves to the position of solid box to the upper left side from the position of frame of broken lines; The grey node is the active node before the moving coordinate initial point, and dark node is the active node (is black if all be in the node color of active state before and after moving) behind the moving coordinate initial point, and both positions do not have necessary relation.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The present invention is in GAF wireless network topology control algolithm, adds periodically-varied origin position mechanism and changes the quantity and the full mesh topology of node in the grid, thereby reach the equilibrium of the whole network node energy consumption.
The network topology structure that generates after the GAF algorithm is implemented is relevant with the position of the origin of coordinates, and after the network coordinate initial point was fixing, the virtual grid of whole network also got off with regard to respective fixation, and constant all the time in the overall process of the network operation.The present invention by the dynamic adjustment origin of coordinates, can make each node be in the same grid with different node on the basis of GAF wireless network topology control algolithm, forms different topological structures.
Initial point mobile takes to move at random or the periodic cycle track moves among the present invention, and moving range is in a virtual grid.If take the periodic cycle track to move, the distance that each cycle moves is
The value of n can be according to the size decision of the transmission radius of node and virtual grid, makes the quantity that as far as possible changes node in same grid after the node motion.Fig. 3 is an example of initial point motion track.Because after origin position changed, network topology needed a period of time just can settle out, approximately suitable during this period of time with one of node short status change-over period Ta+Td+Ts, so the Tm of initial point moving period will be far longer than Ta+Td+Ts.
As shown in Figure 2, set when grid of dashed lines is netinit, through Tm after a while (Tm＞＞Ta+Td+Ts) after, the origin of coordinates moves to the upper left side
Originally be in the node A of grid 11, entered in the grid 21.The variation of the residing grid of node has caused the change of interstitial content in each grid, has only 1 node in the grid 23 before moving, and this node must be in active state all the time, and the node energy consumption that is in relatively in other more grid of node is very fast.After the origin of coordinates moved, this node and other 3 nodes entered same grid, share data transfer task jointly, effective alleviation of the consumption of energy.
Network is after initialization, according to time T m (or pressing fixation locus) mobile origin position periodically at random.
Mode to each node acquisition renewal origin position information in the network the present invention proposes two kinds of specific embodiments.A kind of is the center controlling schemes, promptly comes the informing network node to change origin position by the sink node to the whole network diffusion control signaling.Another kind is distributed the whole network synchronization scenario, based on the whole network node time synchronously, periodically changes origin position.
Described distributed the whole network synchronization scenario: it is based on the whole network node time synchronously, periodically changes origin position.
In the sensor network of operation GAF algorithm, during system initialization, network is divided into a plurality of virtual grids that radius is r, and the node in each grid is selected leader cluster node dynamically.Behind the elapsed time Tm, each node is adjusted the grid at own place according to new origin position and the position of self simultaneously, and residing state continues operation before keeping initial point to change.
Because be arranged in the change of the neighbor node of same grid, when node was in acquisition mode, the node of competitive activities state had become new apposition node with it.Before timer Td triggers, if there is not the apposition Activity On the Node, or do not have the node of higher priority to send detection packet, then node enters active state.If the moment node that initial point changes is in active state, node continues to bear the task of transmitting data, and when timer Ta triggered, node entered resting state.If initial point is in resting state when changing, node continues dormancy, and timer Ta enters acquisition mode after triggering.
Described center controlling schemes: it comes the informing network node to change origin position by the sink node to the whole network diffusion control signaling.
If the clock of each node is asynchronous in the network, just can't use such scheme to carry out the synchronous topology change of the whole network.The present invention proposes the origin position change method under this environment: by the topological Control Node of sink node as the whole network, to the whole network diffusion control signaling, notice the whole network node updates origin position, and then reorientate self residing virtual grid.
Origin position upgrades the positional information that message only need carry new initial point, and this message is less demanding to real-time, thus can carry transmission by the message of other type, to save the network bandwidth.The message of interest type is the whole network flood message in sensor network, is well suited for being used to carry the origin position lastest imformation.
Because the origin position lastest imformation arrives the temporal differences of each node, the phenomenon that two adjacent origin position information inconsistencies that node had may occur, but this does not influence the transmission of data, and network topology can settle out by Ta+Td+Ts in the pipe nipple dotted state update cycle after lastest imformation is finished diffusion.
In above-mentioned two kinds of schemes, origin position moves and may cause in the new virtual grid in some grid a plurality of active nodes are arranged simultaneously, and does not have the situation of active node in some grid.For example, among Fig. 2, move the adjacent mesh 54 that the active node in the grid 44 of back has entered it at initial point, and the active node in 54 is still in 54.This situation occurring does not influence topology of networks, more can not influence transfer of data.In the state change cycle after initial point moves, network topology can settle out along with count stable of the active section in each grid.Therefore can in the middle of topological control algolithm, consider this factor.
Claims (4)
1. the wireless sensor network dynamic topology control method of a position-based information, it is characterized in that: in GAF wireless network topology control algolithm, the mechanism that adds the periodically-varied origin position changes the quantity and the full mesh topology of node in the grid, thereby reaches the equilibrium of the whole network node energy consumption;
In the mechanism of described periodically-varied origin position, origin position update cycle Tm will be far longer than short status change-over period Ta+Td+Ts of node, and Ta is that Activity On the Node state duration, Td are that node acquisition mode duration, Ts are the node dormancy state duration.
2. the wireless sensor network dynamic topology control method of a kind of position-based information according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the mechanism of described periodically-varied origin position, initial point mobile takes to move at random or the periodic cycle track moves, and moving range is in a virtual grid; If take the periodic cycle track to move, the distance that each cycle moves is
R is a mesh width, and the value of n is according to determining according to the transmission radius of node and the size of virtual grid, makes the quantity that as far as possible changes node in same grid after the node motion.
3. the wireless sensor network dynamic topology control method of a kind of position-based information according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the mechanism of described periodically-varied origin position, the periodically-varied origin position is based on the whole network node time synchronously, during system initialization, network is divided into a plurality of virtual grids that radius is r, node in each grid is selected leader cluster node dynamically, behind origin position update cycle in the elapsed time Tm, each node is adjusted the grid at own place according to new origin position and the position of self simultaneously, and residing state continues operation before keeping initial point to change.
4. the wireless sensor network dynamic topology control method of a kind of position-based information according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the mechanism of described periodically-varied origin position, for there not being the synchronous situation of the whole network node time, by the topological Control Node of sink node as the whole network, to the whole network diffusion control signaling, the informing network node changes origin position, and then reorientates self residing virtual grid.
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| US8639184B2 (en) | 2008-11-06 | 2014-01-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Static nodes positioning in a wireless network |
| CN102572995B (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2014-10-22 | 山东大学 | Solution for hot area problem based on geographical adaptive fidelity (GAF) improved clustering mechanism in wireless sensor network |
| EP3298710B1 (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2020-02-26 | Linear Technology Corporation | Low power sensor node operation for wireless network |
| GB2559637B (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-02-13 | Texecom Ltd | Improved zoning configuration in a mesh network |
| CN108092814B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-08-16 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Adjust sensing net node distribution method and system |
| CN110621003B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-06-02 | 上海大学 | Electrical equipment fault diagnosis device |
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| US20050122231A1 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-09 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Power efficient wireless system for sensor network |
| CN101018235A (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2007-08-15 | 南京邮电大学 | Radio sensor network data convergence path planning method based on the intelligent agent |
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| US20050122231A1 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-09 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Power efficient wireless system for sensor network |
| CN101018235A (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2007-08-15 | 南京邮电大学 | Radio sensor network data convergence path planning method based on the intelligent agent |
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| 唐悦宁.基于模糊控制的无线传感器网络GAF算法改进.《华中科技大学硕士论文》.2007,全文. * |
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