CN101387629B - Method for predicting shelf life of UHT milk - Google Patents
Method for predicting shelf life of UHT milk Download PDFInfo
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- CN101387629B CN101387629B CN2008101716973A CN200810171697A CN101387629B CN 101387629 B CN101387629 B CN 101387629B CN 2008101716973 A CN2008101716973 A CN 2008101716973A CN 200810171697 A CN200810171697 A CN 200810171697A CN 101387629 B CN101387629 B CN 101387629B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for predicating UHT milk shelf life, comprising the steps of: setting an upper lipid particle diameter value of UHT milk under a normal temperature T2 as a shelf life reference value, while the storage time and the storage temperature under the shelf life reference value meet an equation: Logt=A/T+M, wherein t means the storage time, T means the storage temperature, A means the characteristic coefficient, M means the correlation coefficient; checking the upper lipid particle diameter of UHT milk stored under an actual storage temperature T1, substituting the actual storage temperature T1 and the actual storage time t1 into the equation when the upper lipid particle diameter reaches the shelf life reference value in the actual storage time t1, to calculate A; substituting M, A and T2 into the equation, to calculate the shelf life t2 of the UHT milk under normal temperature. The invention builds a method for using upper lipid particle diameter to predicate UHT milk shelf life, which can find the shelf life of a new developed UHT product in short time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of predicating UHT milk shelf life, especially a kind of method of utilizing the upper strata fat particle diameter that detects the UHT Ruzhong to come predicating UHT milk shelf life.
Background technology
UHT (Ultra High Temperature) breast is a kind of product that occurs in the sixties in 20th century, and it is meant the dairy product that the technological process that adopts UHTS and sterile filling processes.
Compare with Pasteur's breast, the UHT breast has solved the problem of liquid newborn transportation, storage, fresh-keeping difficulty, has kept nutriments such as protein, calcium effectively.Its characteristic is: product can reach commercial sterilization, only needs to preserve at normal temperatures, and distribution does not need cold chain, shelf life long (generally can store 1～6 month), and the nutrition in Ruzhong (except indivedual water soluble vitamins) is identical with pasteurization milk basically.UHT compares with traditional pasteurize, can significantly reduce the loss of cow's milk color, local flavor and nutritive value, thereby becomes present the best and processing mode with fastest developing speed.
The time that food shelf index futures product can be stored, the time span of client's quality requirements can accepted and satisfied to product quality in period of storage.Shelf life accelerated tests (ASLT, Accelerated shelf-lifetesting) mainly is to the product of long shelf life long inefficient problem of cycle and a kind of experimental technique of growing up under study for action.This experimental technique is product to be placed quicken its reaction under the fierce condition, makes the real shelf life that (is shorter than the time of its real shelf life) in the short period of time and dopes product.The condition that accelerated test is used mainly contains: the temperature cycles of high temperature, high humidity, illumination, more strictness and high concussion etc., use high humidity, high temperature and illumination in food service industry more, and wherein the use of temperature accelerated test is comparatively extensive.
In recent years, businessman is devoted to study the product of long shelf life in order to obtain to sell interests, for example receives shelf life extension (the Extended shelf-life ESL) breast of domestic and international extensive concern in recent years, i.e. the ESL breast.The product of research long shelf life has become a kind of development trend.
At present; All do not detect the particularly method of UHT milk shelf life of cow's milk in GB and the industry standard, for the judgement of UHT new product shelf life, mainly rely on factors such as the comprehensive sterilization mode of research and development person, packaged form now; Provide empirical value; Afterwards with product in the normal temperature condition held, routine observation is confirmed the shelf life of product with this.The result that this method is judged has very strong subjectivity, and judges chronicly, needs to verify over 6-8 month the accuracy of judgement usually.The time that research needs in the process of improving the UHT breast and developing new product is long, and drain on manpower and material resources is bigger.
The butter oil density in Ruzhong is less, and according to Stokes (Stokes) law, fat can the nature come-up under hydrodynamic action.The UHT breast is after the process homogenization processing; The granularity of butter oil ball is refine to a certain degree; And the form with colloidal sol is dispersed in the Ruzhong, keeps spacing because of having like charges between the fat globule, and therefore butter oil should comparatively fast not float in the product shelf life.But in the actual product, the fat floating phenomenon is very common in the UHT Ruzhong, and the UHT breast that has occurs after storing 3 months, and what have will occur in storing 2 weeks even shorter time.
The stable on heating proteinase in Ruzhong can hydrolyzing alpha-CN and β-CN, destroys butter oil ball and casein surface structure, causes fat and fat, fattyly combines with casein and assemble, and forms little thin slice and floats on newborn top; And lipase has destroyed the structure of fat globule through the hydrolysing milk fat fat, and fat globule is assembled, and fatty particle diameter increases, and makes the butter oil come-up, influences product quality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of method with upper strata fat granule footpath predicating UHT milk shelf life, through this method, but judges the shelf life that UHT is newborn within a short period of time.
The invention provides a kind of method of predicating UHT milk shelf life, comprise the steps:
1) the upper strata fat particle size values of setting UHT Ruzhong under the normal temperature T2 is as the shelf life reference value, and period of storage and storage temperature satisfy following equation under the said shelf life reference value:
Logt＝A/T+M
Wherein, t is a period of storage, and T is a storage temperature, and A is a characteristic coefficient, and M is a related coefficient;
2) detect the actual storage temperature T1 upper strata fat particle diameter in the UHT Ruzhong of storage down; When actual period of storage t1 detects when obtaining upper strata fat particle size values and reaching said shelf life reference value; With said actual storage temperature T1 and the above-mentioned equation of said actual period of storage t1 substitution, try to achieve characteristic coefficient A;
3) with said related coefficient M, characteristic coefficient A and the above-mentioned equation of said normal temperature temperature T 2 substitutions, try to achieve said UHT breast shelf life t2 at normal temperatures.
Among the present invention, said shelf life reference value is 0.831-0.876um, and related coefficient M is 0.055-0.063.
Said actual storage temperature T1 is 40-50 ℃, preferred 45 ℃; Said normal temperature T2 is 25 ℃.
Preferably, said step 2) in, the upper strata fat particle diameter in the UHT Ruzhong that detection in every 3-5 days is once stored.
Among the present invention, use laser diffraction particle diameter appearance that the upper strata fat particle diameter in UHT Ruzhong is detected.Laser diffraction particle diameter appearance preferred detection parameter is following: working time: 60s, and revolution speed: 50%, flush time: 8s repeats washing time: 3 times.After instrument is through cleaning (needing deionized water), parameter testing, just can sample be put into instrument and detect.
The sample injection method of said laser diffraction particle diameter appearance is: carefully take out UHT breast sample, try not to rock, carefully carefully draw upper strata fat 2-5 μ L with liquid-transfering gun; Put into the instrument injection port; When instrument display parameter PIDS=40-50%, show that the sample size of sample is moderate, detect; If PIDS 40-50%, and the expression sample size is not enough, and instrument is difficult to it is detected, and need add quantity of sample again, until PIDS=40-50%.
At the cow's milk lay up period, fat can constantly be assembled, and upper strata fat particle diameter can constantly increase, and among the present invention, the shelf life end point values of said upper strata fat particle diameter is 0.831-0.876um.Store the UHT breast down at 40-50 ℃, when its upper strata fat particle diameter reached 0.831-0.876um, record period of storage t1, storage temperature T1 set related coefficient M.Only need t1, T1 and M substitution Logt=A/T+M can be obtained the UHT breast shelf life of being stored at normal temperatures.
The present invention directly detects the UHT milk shelf life with the upper strata fat granule, when exploitation UHT breast new product, predicts its shelf life in this way within a short period of time, reduces the input of R&D cycle and manpower and materials, makes the research and development achievement be converted into economic benefit as early as possible.Method of the present invention can also be used to detecting the shelf life of existing procucts.Method detection speed of the present invention is fast, needs to accomplish usually in 10-20 days, and generally needs 2-6 month with existing method.Method error of the present invention was less than 10 days, and computing method are simple.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is intended to explain invention; Rather than restriction protection scope of the present invention; Any those of ordinary skill in this area all should be able to know clearly and understand; Disclosed proportional range can complete embodiment of the present invention inerrably to specifications; Any difference slightly on the numerical value that causes because of the difference in cow's milk breast source should so the present invention is intended to protect the upper strata fat particle diameter that utilizes detection UHT Ruzhong to come the method for predicating UHT milk shelf life, rather than will especially strictly not be limited to ratio on the some concrete numerical value as the different slightly reason of testing result of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the shelf life of prediction UHT breast
The shelf life reference value of setting the upper strata fat particle diameter in UHT Ruzhong under the normal temperature (T2=25 ℃) is 0.831um, and under this shelf life reference value, period of storage and storage temperature satisfy following equation:
Logt＝A/T+M
Wherein, t is a period of storage, and T is a storage temperature, and A is a characteristic coefficient, and M is a related coefficient.
Related coefficient under this reference value is got M=0.059.
From producing, extract one batch UHT breast sample, be stored under 45 ℃, measured the upper strata fat particle diameter that once actual storage temperature (T1=45 ℃) is stored the UHT breast in per five days, it is following to detect step:
1, the parameter that debugging laser diffraction particle diameter appearance (LS13320Beckman Coulter USA) is relevant is following: working time: 60s; Revolution speed: 50%; Flush time: 8s; Repeat washing time: 3 times, after instrument is through cleaning (needing deionized water), parameter testing, just can sample be put into instrument and detect.
2, carefully take out UHT breast sample, try not to rock, in order to avoid destroy the structural state of sample; Carefully cut bag; Carefully draw upper strata fat 2-5 μ L with liquid-transfering gun, put into the instrument injection port, when instrument display parameter PIDS=40-50%; The sample size that shows sample is moderate, can begin to detect; If PIDS 40-50%, and the expression sample size is not enough, and instrument is difficult to it is detected, and need add quantity of sample again, until PIDS=40-50%.
When the UHT of T1=45 ℃ of storage breast upper strata fat particle diameter reached 0.831um, writing down actual period of storage t1 was 20 days.
With M, T1 and the above-mentioned equation of t1 substitution: i.e. Log20=A/45+0.059, try to achieve characteristic coefficient A=55.89.With M, A and 2=25 ℃ of above-mentioned equation of substitution of normal temperature temperature T, i.e. Logt2=55.89/25+0.059, trying to achieve the shelf life t2 that stores this UHT breast under the normal temperature is 197 days.
This UHT breast is stored down 25 ℃ of normal temperature, detected upper strata fat particle diameter in per five days, the period of storage when fatty particle diameter reaches above-mentioned shelf life reference value under the record normal temperature is 220 days.Promptly the actual shelf life and above-mentioned the predicting the outcome of this UHT breast differ 3 days.
Embodiment 2: the shelf life of prediction UHT breast
The shelf life reference value of setting the upper strata fat particle diameter in UHT Ruzhong under the normal temperature (T2=25 ℃) is 0.831um, and under this shelf life reference value, period of storage and storage temperature satisfy following equation:
Logt＝A/T+M
Wherein, t is a period of storage, and T is a storage temperature, and A is a characteristic coefficient, and M is a related coefficient.
Related coefficient under this reference value is got M=0.059.
From producing, extracts one batch UHT breast sample, be stored under 45 ℃, measured the upper strata fat particle diameter that once actual storage temperature (T1=45 ℃) is stored the UHT breast in per three days, the detection step is identical with detection step among the embodiment 1.
When the UHT of T1=45 ℃ of storage breast upper strata fat particle diameter reached 0.831um, writing down actual period of storage t1 was 17 days.
With M, T1 and the above-mentioned equation of t1 substitution: i.e. Log17=A/45+0.059, try to achieve characteristic coefficient A=52.72.With M, A and 2=25 ℃ of above-mentioned equation of substitution of normal temperature temperature T, i.e. Logt2=52.72/25+0.059, trying to achieve the shelf life t2 that stores this UHT breast at normal temperatures is 147 days.
This UHT breast is stored down 25 ℃ of normal temperature, detected upper strata fat particle diameter in per three days, the period of storage when fatty particle diameter reaches above-mentioned shelf life reference value under the record normal temperature is 153 days.The actual shelf life and above-mentioned the predicting the outcome of this UHT breast differ 6 days.
Embodiment 3: the shelf life of prediction UHT breast
The shelf life reference value of setting the upper strata fat particle diameter in UHT Ruzhong under the normal temperature (T2=25 ℃) is 0.831um, and under this shelf life reference value, period of storage and storage temperature satisfy following equation:
Logt＝A/T+M
Wherein, t is a period of storage, and T is a storage temperature, and A is a characteristic coefficient, and M is a related coefficient.
Related coefficient under this reference value is got M=0.059.
From producing, extracts one batch UHT breast sample, be stored under 45 ℃, measured the upper strata fat particle diameter that once actual storage temperature (T1=45 ℃) is stored the UHT breast in per three days, the detection step is identical with detection step among the embodiment 1.
When the UHT of T1=45 ℃ of storage breast upper strata fat particle diameter reached 0.831um, writing down actual period of storage t1 was 13 days.
With M, T1 and the above-mentioned equation of t1 substitution: i.e. Log13=A/45+0.059, try to achieve characteristic coefficient A=47.47.With M, A and 2=25 ℃ of above-mentioned equation of substitution of normal temperature temperature T, i.e. Logt2=47.47/25+0.059, trying to achieve the shelf life t2 that stores this UHT breast at normal temperatures is 91 days.
This UHT breast is stored down 25 ℃ of normal temperature, detected upper strata fat particle diameter in per three days, the period of storage when fatty particle diameter reaches above-mentioned shelf life reference value under the record normal temperature is 90 days.The actual shelf life and above-mentioned the predicting the outcome of this UHT breast differ 1 day.
Embodiment 4: the shelf life of prediction UHT breast
The shelf life reference value of setting the upper strata fat particle diameter in UHT Ruzhong under the normal temperature (T2=25 ℃) is 0.831um, and under this shelf life reference value, period of storage and storage temperature satisfy following equation:
Logt＝A/T+M
Wherein, t is a period of storage, and T is a storage temperature, and A is a characteristic coefficient, and M is a related coefficient.
Related coefficient under this reference value is got M=0.063.
From producing, extracts one batch UHT breast sample, be stored under 45 ℃, measured the upper strata fat particle diameter that once actual storage temperature (T1=45 ℃) is stored the UHT breast in per three days, the detection step is identical with detection step among the embodiment 1.
When the UHT of T1=45 ℃ of storage breast upper strata fat particle diameter reached 0.831um, writing down actual period of storage t1 was 19 days.
With M, T1 and the above-mentioned equation of t1 substitution: i.e. Log19=A/45+0.063, try to achieve characteristic coefficient A=54.71.With M, A and 2=25 ℃ of above-mentioned equation of substitution of normal temperature temperature T, i.e. Logt2=54.71/25+0.063, trying to achieve the shelf life t2 that stores this UHT breast at normal temperatures is 178 days.
This UHT breast is stored down 25 ℃ of normal temperature, detected upper strata fat particle diameter in per three days, the period of storage when fatty particle diameter reaches above-mentioned shelf life reference value under the record normal temperature is 176 days.The actual shelf life and above-mentioned the predicting the outcome of this UHT breast differ 2 days.
Embodiment 5: the shelf life of prediction UHT breast
The shelf life reference value of setting the upper strata fat particle diameter in UHT Ruzhong under the normal temperature (T2=25 ℃) is 0.876um, and under this shelf life reference value, period of storage and storage temperature satisfy following equation:
Logt＝A/T+M
Wherein, t is a period of storage, and T is a storage temperature, and A is a characteristic coefficient, and M is a related coefficient.
Related coefficient under this reference value is got M=0.055.
From producing, extracts one batch UHT breast sample, be stored under 40 ℃, measured the upper strata fat particle diameter that once actual storage temperature (T1=40 ℃) is stored the UHT breast in per five days, the detection step is identical with detection step among the embodiment 1.
When the UHT of T1=40 ℃ of storage breast upper strata fat particle diameter reached 0.876um, writing down actual period of storage t1 was 20 days.
With M, T1 and the above-mentioned equation of t1 substitution: i.e. Log20=A/40+0.055, try to achieve characteristic coefficient A=49.84.With M, A and 2=25 ℃ of above-mentioned equation of substitution of normal temperature temperature T, i.e. Logt2=49.84/25+0.055, trying to achieve the shelf life t2 that stores this UHT breast at normal temperatures is 112 days.
This UHT breast is stored down 25 ℃ of normal temperature, detected upper strata fat particle diameter in per five days, the period of storage when fatty particle diameter reaches above-mentioned shelf life reference value under the record normal temperature is 121 days.The actual shelf life and above-mentioned the predicting the outcome of this UHT breast differ 9 days.
Embodiment 6: the shelf life of prediction UHT breast
The shelf life reference value of setting the upper strata fat particle diameter in UHT Ruzhong under the normal temperature (T2=25 ℃) is 0.855um, and under this shelf life reference value, period of storage and storage temperature satisfy following equation:
Logt＝A/T+M
Wherein, t is a period of storage, and T is a storage temperature, and A is a characteristic coefficient, and M is a related coefficient.
Related coefficient under this reference value is got M=0.060.
From producing, extracts one batch UHT breast sample, be stored under 50 ℃, measured the upper strata fat particle diameter that once actual storage temperature (T1=50 ℃) is stored the UHT breast in per three days, the detection step is identical with detection step among the embodiment 1.
When the UHT of T1=50 ℃ of storage breast upper strata fat particle diameter reached 0.855um, writing down actual period of storage t1 was 7 days.
With M, T1 and the above-mentioned equation of t1 substitution: i.e. Log7=A/50+0.060, try to achieve characteristic coefficient A=39.75.With M, A and 2=25 ℃ of above-mentioned equation of substitution of normal temperature temperature T, i.e. Logt2=39.75/25+0.060, trying to achieve the shelf life t2 that stores this UHT breast at normal temperatures is 44 days.
This UHT breast is stored down 25 ℃ of normal temperature, detected upper strata fat particle diameter in per three days, the period of storage when fatty particle diameter reaches above-mentioned shelf life reference value under the record normal temperature is 51 days.The actual shelf life and above-mentioned the predicting the outcome of this UHT breast differ 9 days.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that per three days described in the above embodiment or per five days detect once, and carrying out according to this time interval of not meaning that whole detections all must strictness.When detecting resulting upper strata fat particle size values comparatively near the shelf life reference value, assay intervals can shorten, and for example detects once every day, to obtain result accurately.
Detect the method for UHT milk shelf life with above-mentioned upper strata fat particle diameter, but confirm UHT breast new product shelf life within a short period of time, reduce the input of R&D cycle and manpower and materials, make the research and development achievement be converted into economic benefit as early as possible, computing method are simple.
Claims (7)
1. the method for a predicating UHT milk shelf life comprises the steps:
1) the upper strata fat particle size values of setting UHT Ruzhong under the normal temperature T2 is as the shelf life reference value, and said shelf life reference value is 0.831-0.876 μ m, and period of storage and storage temperature satisfy following equation under the said shelf life reference value:
Logt＝A/T+M
Wherein, t is a period of storage, and unit is day, and T is a storage temperature, and unit is ℃, and A is a characteristic coefficient, and M is a related coefficient, and said related coefficient M is 0.055-0.063;
2) detect the actual storage temperature T1 upper strata fat particle diameter in the UHT Ruzhong of storage down; Said actual storage temperature T1 is 40-50 ℃; When actual period of storage t1 detects when obtaining upper strata fat particle size values and reaching said shelf life reference value; With said actual storage temperature T1 and the above-mentioned equation of said actual period of storage t1 substitution, try to achieve characteristic coefficient A;
3) with said related coefficient M, characteristic coefficient A and the above-mentioned equation of said normal temperature temperature T 2 substitutions, try to achieve said UHT breast shelf life t2 at normal temperatures.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, said actual storage temperature T1 is 45 ℃.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, said normal temperature T2 is 25 ℃.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, said step 2) in, the upper strata fat particle diameter in the UHT Ruzhong that detection in every 3-5 days is once stored.
5. like the described method of one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, get UHT breast upper strata fat, use laser diffraction particle diameter appearance that the particle diameter of said upper strata fat is detected.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the parameter of said laser diffraction particle diameter appearance is following: working time: 60s, and revolution speed: 50%, flush time: 8s repeats washing time: 3 times.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the sample injection method of said laser diffraction particle diameter appearance is: the UHT breast of said storage can not rock, and draws said upper strata fat 2-5 μ L, puts into the injection port of said laser diffraction particle diameter appearance, detects.
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| CN102207460B (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2012-10-03 | 光明乳业股份有限公司 | Method for detecting shelf life of ultra heat treated milk |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5824494A (en) * | 1994-05-01 | 1998-10-20 | Sirotech Ltd. | Method for enumerating bacterial populations |
| CN101142939A (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2008-03-19 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司 | Middle temperature inactivation ultrahigh temperature instantaneous sterilizing milk and its preparation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5824494A (en) * | 1994-05-01 | 1998-10-20 | Sirotech Ltd. | Method for enumerating bacterial populations |
| CN101142939A (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2008-03-19 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司 | Middle temperature inactivation ultrahigh temperature instantaneous sterilizing milk and its preparation method |
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