CN101460215B - 阀组件 - Google Patents

阀组件 Download PDF

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CN101460215B
CN101460215B CN2004800417796A CN200480041779A CN101460215B CN 101460215 B CN101460215 B CN 101460215B CN 2004800417796 A CN2004800417796 A CN 2004800417796A CN 200480041779 A CN200480041779 A CN 200480041779A CN 101460215 B CN101460215 B CN 101460215B
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valve
end portion
male contact
famale connector
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CN101460215A (zh
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P·J·辛普森
W·D·吉莱斯皮
D·G·马楚拉
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ICU Medical Inc
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/3129—Syringe barrels
    • A61M5/3134—Syringe barrels characterised by constructional features of the distal end, i.e. end closest to the tip of the needle cannula
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/10—Tube connectors; Tube couplings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/22—Valves or arrangement of valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/22—Valves or arrangement of valves
    • A61M39/26—Valves closing automatically on disconnecting the line and opening on reconnection thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/34—Constructions for connecting the needle, e.g. to syringe nozzle or needle hub
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M2005/3103—Leak prevention means for distal end of syringes, i.e. syringe end for mounting a needle
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M2005/3128—Incorporating one-way valves, e.g. pressure-relief or non-return valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/10—Tube connectors; Tube couplings
    • A61M2039/1033—Swivel nut connectors, e.g. threaded connectors, bayonet-connectors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/10—Tube connectors; Tube couplings
    • A61M2039/1066—Tube connectors; Tube couplings having protection means, e.g. sliding sleeve to protect connector itself, shrouds to protect a needle present in the connector, protective housing, isolating sheath
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/19—Constructional features of carpules, syringes or blisters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
    • A61M5/16877—Adjusting flow; Devices for setting a flow rate
    • A61M5/16881—Regulating valves

Abstract

此处公开一种阀组件(14)，该组件包括：阳接头末端部分(38)、阴接头末端部分(36)和用于在在于头末端部分阳接头末端部分与阴接头末端部分之间传输流体的通道；在第一位置与第二位置之间可移动的阀装置(44)，在该第一位置上通路关闭，且在该第二位置上通路打开；用于使阀装置朝着第一位置偏移的偏移装置(64)；以及启动装置(46)，该启动装置延伸进阳接头末端部分中，并且当医疗附件的阴接头末端部分与阳接头末端部分相连接时与阀装置相连接而启动阀装置。

Description

阀组件
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗流体输送阀，且更具体地说是涉及用于注射器或其他医药施与装置的阀组件。
背景技术
注射器通常用于向病人输送药物和其他生物流体。注射器通常具有与筒状外针管(chamber)密封配合的柱塞，以便形成流体接纳内针管。在接纳了带有针组件或相似物体的阴接头(luer)装置的针管输送末端上，通常设置了“阳”接头(luer)装置。使空腔(cavity)与接头装置连接的流体通道(channel)通常是敞开的，从而当针被取掉时，空腔向环境敞开。这样就出现问题，因为许多药物和生物流体容易影响(或者当暴露时会恶化)环境。
所以，本发明的目的是提供一种新型的阀组件，其用于注射器或其他医药施与装置，能使后者在处于未连接情形下时，相对于环境是封闭的。
发明内容
在本发明的一个方面中，提供一种阀组件，该组件包括：阳接头末端部分、阴接头末端部分以及用于在阳接头末端部分与阴接头末端部分之间传输流体的通道；在关闭位置与打开位置之间可移动的阀装置；用于使阀装置朝向关闭位置偏移的偏移装置；以及启动装置，其延伸进阳接头末端部分中并在医疗附件的阴接头末端部分与阳接头末端部分连接时与阀装置连接而启动阀装置。
在一个实施例中，阳接头末端部分具有内部突出部和带螺纹的外护套(thread sheath)，该护套与内部突出部有间隔，以便接纳护套与突出部之间的阴接头末端部分。启动装置包括位于带螺纹的外护套与内部突出部之间的启动构件。
在一个实施例中，阀装置包括阀座以及相对于阀座可移动的阀构件。通道包括与阴接头末端部分相邻接的第一通道部分，且内部突出部包括第二通道部分。阀构件具有与第一及第二通道部分流体通联的阀通道部分。阀座形成于第二通道部分中，且阀构件与阴接头末端部分形成为一体。
在一个实施例中，阀构件包括向外朝着壳体部分的内表面延伸的支撑凸缘(anchor flange)。在此情况下，壳体部分与阳接头末端部分相连接，以便随着阳接头部分相对于阀构件而移动。当阀装置处于关闭位置上时，阳接头末端部分就与支撑凸缘接合；而且，当阀构件处于打开位置时，阳接头末端部分就与所述支撑凸缘有间隔。壳体部分终止于邻接着阴接头末端部分的末端区域，偏移装置包括在壳体之内处于末端区域与外支撑凸缘之间的压缩弹簧。
在本发明的另一个方面中，提供一种医药施与装置，该装置包括：其中具有针管以便容纳流体物质的本体部、与针管流体通联的阀组件；该阀组件具有阳接头构件以便与医疗附件上的阴接头构件配合而在医药施与装置与医疗附件之间形成流体连接，该阀组件还包括可被操作而控制流经阳接头构件的流体流量的流量控制装置；该流量控制装置可被阴接头构件操作而位移，以便当阴接头构件操作性地与阳接头构件连接时，打开阳接头构件；该流量控制装置可被阴接头构件操作而位移，以便当阴接头构件与阳接头构件脱离连接时，关闭阳接头构件。
在一个实施例中，阳接头构件包括内部阳性部分(male portion)以及与该部分有间隔的外护套部分，以便在二者之间形成通路(passage)，用以接纳阴接头构件；流量控制装置包括位于通路中的至少一个阀启动部分，其邻接着阴接头构件，并在阴接头构件沿着通路行进时，使阀构件位移。阀组件包括阀构件与阀座，其中，阀构件抵靠着阀座，以便关闭阳接头构件。阀启动部分包括一对支座零件(abutment element)，该对支座零件沿着通路彼此有间隔，以便接纳处于它们之间的阴接头构件，其中，该对支座零件可操作而随同阴接头构件沿着通路行进。
在一个实施例中，启动部分相对于通路是纵向朝向的，且支座零件沿着启动部分而定位。阀构件包括一块背板以及多个在背板上均等间隔的启动部分，每个启动部分具有第一和第二支座零件。
在一个实施例中，阀启动部分包括与支座零件之一相邻接的锁闭凸缘。阀组件包括锁闭阀座(locking seat)，用以在阳接头构件处于关闭位置上时，接纳锁闭凸缘。启动部分具有远端区域，锁闭凸缘邻接着远端区域，且锁闭阀座在外护套部分中形成。因此，启动部分就被布置成挠性的，便于使锁闭凸缘位移而离开锁闭阀座。
在本发明的又一个方面中，提供一种医药施与装置，该装置包括其中具有针管以便容纳流体物质的本体部、与针管流体通联的阀组件；阀组件具有与医疗附件上的阴接头构件相接合阳接头，以便在医药施与装置与医疗附件之间形成流体连接；阳接头构件包括突出部和相对于该突出部可移动的外部阀构件；在突出部与外部阀构件之间形成流体通道；护套部分包围着突出部并与其有间隔，以形成一条通路而接纳阴接头构件；阀构件能与阴接头构件接合，并能相对于突出部而移动，以便在阴接头构件与阳接头构件连接时，打开流体通道。
在一个实施例中，阀构件形成阳接头构件的外表面。
在一个实施例中，设置偏移装置，以便使阀构件朝向已与突出部相接合的位置偏移，从而关闭流体通道。在此特殊情况下，通路终止于内壁上，且偏移装置包括位于内壁与阀构件之间的弹簧。
在一个实施例中，突出部被固定在本体部上，且包括内通路，内通路具有向针管敞开的一个末端以及向流体通道敞开的另一个末端。突出部还包括扩大的末端部分，阀构件包括与该扩大的末端部分相接合的外部部分，以便关闭流体通道。在此情况下，扩大的末端部分与阀构件上的外部末端部分具有匹配的斜表面。
在一个实施例中，阴接头构件具有引导段，阀构件的尺寸被定成适配于引导段之内。
医药施与装置最好包括一些器件，例如注射器、静脉输液瓶(IVbottle)、静脉输液管、粉剂和/或喷雾流体和/或气体吸入分配器、肠胃进料管，或者以上器件中的多种，以及/或它们的结合物。
药物最好是固体、液体或气体形态的，或者是这几种形态的结合，并具有有益的性能，这些性能可以增强寿命，促进健康，治愈和/或治疗疾病、病症或失调，监测和/或指示身体机能，或者兼而具有几种上述性能。例如，药物除了有其他作用之外，还可以用于静脉注射治疗、移植法、干细胞治疗、肿瘤治疗、输血和/或器官移植。
附图说明
现在，仅以举例方式，参照附图，说明本发明的几个推荐实施例，在这些附图中：
图1是注射器组件的透视图；
图2是图1所示组件一个部分的剖视图；
图3和图4是图1所示组件处于两个交替操作位置上的剖视图；
图5是另一个注射器组件的片断剖视透视图；
图6和图7是另一个注射器组件的片断透视图；
图8至图12是图6所示注射器组件的片断剖视图；
图13是又一个注射器组件的片断透视图；以及
图14和图15是图13所示注射器组件或其几个部分的片断剖视图。
具体实施方式
参看各附图特别是图1，图中有一注射器组件10，它包括注射器12和阀组件14。注射器12具有含有柱塞22的针管20，以形成一个空腔24。参看图2，空腔具有出口26，且阀组件14位于出口26下游，用于把空腔24与医疗附件例如针30(如图3与图4所示)相连接。阀组件14具有出口32以及下文将要描述的流量控制装置，该装置用于控制流经出口的流体流量，当连接区段被操作性地与医疗附件相连接时，流量控制装置就能被操作而打开出口；当阀组件与医疗附件脱离连接时，流量控制装置就能被操作而关闭出口，并且一直关闭到再次与医疗附件连接时为止。
在此情况下，针管20包括与出口26邻接的第一阳接头末端部分34，且阀组件14包括能与阳接头末端部分34相接合的第一阴接头末端部分36。阀组件14还包括第二阳接头末端部分38，该末端部分用于连接医疗附件30。
虽然针管20和阀组件14在此情况下是彼此分开的，但要明白，可以选择性把它们形成为一体，例如把第一阳接头末端部分34与阴接头末端部分36相结合。
阀组件14具有通道42，其用于在阴接头末端部分36与阳接头末端部分38之间传输流体。形式为阀构件44的阀装置位于阀组件14中，并在第一位置(如图2所示)与第二位置(如图3所示)之间可移动，在该第一位置上通道被关闭，且在第二位置上通道被打开。形式为启动构件46(如图2所示)的启动装置从阀构件44处朝外延伸，并伸入阳接头末端部分38中。启动构件46与阀构件44相连接，以便当医疗附件30的阴接头末端部分与阳接头末端部分38接合时，启动阀构件。
在图1至图4所示实施例中，阳接头末端部分38具有带螺纹的外护套50，该护套与内部突出部52有间隔。在此情况下，启动构件46位于带螺纹的外护套50与内部突出部52之间。阀构件44包括相对于阀座部分56可移动的阀塞部分(valve plug portion)54。阀构件44具有与阴接头末端部分36形成为一体的上部末端。外壳构件58可滑动地安装在阀构件44上。在此情况下，外壳构件58连接在阳接头末端部分38上。阀构件44也具有阀通道44a，该通道从阴接头末端部分36延伸到阀塞部分42，在那里，该阀构件终止于一个或多个横向流通孔口(flow opening)44b处，以便与通道42连接。
阀构件44包括支撑凸缘60，而且，当阀处于图2所示关闭位置时，阳接头末端部分38就直接或间接地坐靠在支撑凸缘60上。相反，当阀处于图3所示打开位置时，阳接头末端部分38就与所述支撑凸缘有间隔。
外壳58终止于邻接着阴接头部分34的径向朝内指向末端区域62上，且形式为压缩弹簧64的偏移装置在外壳内位于末端区域62与支撑凸缘60之间，以便把阀构件朝着第一位置偏移，从而关闭阀组件。
一种可选布置显示于图5中。在此情况下，阀组件70具有与阴接头末端部分74形成为一体的壳体72。第一通道部分76邻接着阴接头末端部分74，且第二通道部分78邻接着阳接头末端部分80。在此情况下，阀装置包括阀构件82，该构件具有与第一和第二通道部分76和78流体通联的阀通道84。在此情况下，阀座部分在第二通道部分78的90处形成。
阀构件82包括阀塞部分92，该部分相对于第二通道部分78并在其中可移动，以便与阀座部分90接合，从而关闭第二通道部分78。第一通道部分76包括从阴接头末端部分74延伸出的管状突出部94。在此情况下，阀构件82中的阀通道84与第一和第二通道部分76、78共同延伸。在此情况下，管状突出部94可滑动地与阀构件82在阀通道84之内接合，并被密封件98密封在该通道中。同样，阀构件84被密封件100密封在第二通道部分78之内。
注射器组件10的用法如下。首先，使对应的第一阳接头末端部分34与阴接头末端部分36接合而把阀组件14连接在注射器12上。在此情况下，第二阳接头末端部分38与医疗附件例如针30不相连接，且启动器46如图2所示那样完全伸入第二阳接头末端部分38中。因此，阀构件44被偏移到其关闭位置上，从而使阀塞部分54抵靠着阀座56。
接着，使针30上的阴接头末端部分与第二阳接头末端部分38接合，就把针30连接到注射器上。这样做就使针30上的阴接头末端部分邻接启动构件46并使其位移，从而使阀构件44朝上位移(如图2所示)，因此就使阀塞部分54从其密封地与阀座56相邻接的状态松释开，以便打开阀通道。于是，就可以使柱塞22朝外位移，使邻近针30的针头末端处的流体，经由一条路径而被吸入空腔24中，该路径起始于阀座56处，穿过通道42而通向横向流通孔口44b，再抵达阀通道44a，并继续前进，穿过阴接头末端部分而进入空腔24中。接着，可以把针30取掉，使启动构件46朝下位移(如图2所示)，导致阀塞部分立即位移而邻接着阀座56，从而关闭阀。
另一种装置显示为图6至12中的120，该装置具有其中含有内部针管124以便容纳流体物质的本体部122。阀组件126与针管124流体通联，并具有与医疗附件(在此情况下是针132)上的阴接头构件130相接合的阳接头构件128，以便在装置120与针132之间形成流体连接。
阀组件126可操作而控制流经阳接头构件128的流体流量，更具体地说，当阳接头构件128操作性地与阴接头构件130连接时，阀组件就处于打开位置上；而且，相反地，当阳接头构件128与阴接头构件130脱离连接时，阀组件就处于关闭位置上。
在此情况下，本体部122和阀组件126被形成为一体，如图8所示那样，而阀组件包括阀构件134和阀座136。所示阀构件134处于抵靠着阀座136的位置上，以便关闭阳接头构件128，但仅仅由于显示的缘故而在阀构件与阀座之间有很微小的间隙。
阳接头构件128包括内部阳性部分140，该部分具有内流体通道140a以及与内部阳性部分140有间隔的外护套部分142，以便在它们之间形成一条通路144，用以接纳阴接头构件130。至少有一个阀启动部分，在此情况下是3个阀启动部分(图7中显示了其中的2个)146定位于通路144中，与阴接头构件130邻接，并在阴接头构件130沿着通路144行进时，使阀构件位移。在此情况下，每个阀启动部分146与阀构件134形成为一体。
每个阀启动部分146包括一对支座零件150、152，该支座零件沿着通路144彼此有间隔，以便接纳处于它们之间的阴接头构件130，并随同阴接头构件而沿着通路144行进。由于下文将要描述的缘故，支座零件152具有斜的外表面152a。每个启动部分146相对于通路144是纵向朝向的，并且支座零件150、152则沿着启动部分146而定位。
每个阀启动部分146包括一个锁闭凸缘154，且阀组件包括锁闭阀座156，以便当阀构件134处于关闭位置时，接纳锁闭凸缘154。在此情况下，启动部分146具有远端区域，且锁闭凸缘154位于远端区域中，同时，锁闭阀座156形成于外护套部分142中。
在图10中可以看到，每个启动部分146被布置为挠性的，以便使锁闭凸缘154位移到锁闭阀座156之外。
参看图8，阀构件134包括背板160，且启动部分146在背板160上均等间隔。背板160具有与针管124流体通联的中央流体通道162，且阀构件134中具有与中央流体通道162从而与针管124流体通联的流体通道163。此外，流体通道163还具有横向部分163a，该部分在流体通道163与内部阳性部分中的内流体通道140a之间形成流体通联。
因此，装置120的用法如下。阀组件被设置为使阀构件处于关闭位置上，也就是使阀构件134处于抵靠着阀座136的位置上，如图8所示那样。针132上的阴接头构件130与通路144对齐，并朝向阳接头构件128。支座零件152上的斜引导表面152a协助阴接头构件处于通路144开口的中央。由于锁闭凸缘154处于锁闭阀座156中，阴接头构件130也能穿过支座零件152的最下部边缘，并继续进入通路144中，直到阴接头构件如图9所示与支座零件150接触时为止。如图10所示，阴接头构件上持续朝内的力被传递给支座零件150，导致支撑部分(abutment portion)146沿着通路朝内移动，并因此拉动锁闭凸缘154离开锁壁阀座156中的这个锁闭位置，使支撑部分146弯曲，直到锁闭凸缘154离开锁闭阀座156为止。可以看到，在此位置上，阀构件134已经从阀座136处移动，以便打开通往针132的流体通道163。
参看图11，由于阴接头构件130离开了通路144，它就与支座零件152相接触，并使支撑部分146沿着通路144朝外移动，且因此就使阀构件134朝着阀座136移动。锁闭凸缘154接近并最终进入锁闭阀座156，从而与阀组件的关闭吻合。
因此，装置120并不使用上一个实施例所述那种被偏移到关闭位置上的阀构件，但是相当依赖于阴接头构件130的位移，以便当其离开阳接头构件128时，就把阀组件拉到其关闭位置上。
在图13至15中显示了附图标记为170的另一个装置，该装置具有其中带有针管174以便容纳流体物质本体部172。阀组件176与针管174流体通联，并具有用于也是与针181上的阴接头构件180相接合的阳接头构件178，以便在医药施与装置170与针181之间形成流体连接。
阀组件176可操作而控制流经阳接头构件的流体流量，且更具体地说，当阳接头构件178操作性地与阴接头构件180连接时，该组件就启动或打开阳接头构件；而且，相反地，当阳接头构件178与阴接头构件180脱离连接时，就关闭阳接头构件。
在此情况下，阳接头构件178包括被固定在本体部172上的突出部182。护套部分184包围着突出部182，而且也被固定在本体部172上。护套部分184与突出部182有间隔，以便形成通路186，接纳阴接头构件180。
阀构件190相对于突出部182可移动，并在它们之间形成流体通道192，且该通道被内密封件193所密封。突出部182包括内通路194，该通路具有一个向针管174敞开的末端194a，以及向流体通道192敞开的另一个末端194b。
参看图14和15，突出部包括扩大的末端部分198，且阀构件190具有布置成与扩大的末端部分198相接合的外部部分200，以便关闭流体通道192。在此情况下，通路186终止于内壁202处，且由于受到在通路186中处于阀构件190与内壁202之间的弹簧203的作用，阀构件190相对于内壁202可移动，从而使阀构件190的外末端部分200朝向已与扩大的末端部分198相接合的部分偏移。
从图15中可以看到，扩大的末端部分198以及阀构件190上的外末端部分200，分别具有匹配的斜表面198a与200a。
阀构件190可操作而与阴接头构件180相接合，并随同阴接头构件180沿着通路186行进。在此情况下，阴接头构件180具有引导段180a，而且阀构件190的外末端部分200的尺寸被定成适配于引导段180a之内。
与图6所示装置120相反，装置170具有偏向关闭位置的阀构件190。由于阴接头构件180越过突出部182，阴接头构件180的引导段180a就越过阀构件190的外末端部分200。因此，阴接头构件180持续朝内进入通路186中的位移，就导致阀构件相对于突出部182而移动，直到匹配的斜表面198a、202a分离而使流体通道192向针敞开为止。因此，当阴接头构件与阳接头构件牢牢接合时，流体连接就充分有效。当阴接头构件180离开阳接头构件178时，由于弹簧203的偏压作用，阀构件190就返回其关闭位置而抵靠着突出部198，以关闭阳接头构件。
尽管已经就一些推荐实施例的内容而描述了本发明，但本发明并非如此局限。相反，本发明意在囊括符合随附权利要求书的宗旨与范围的各种各样的修改和等效布置。下文的权利要求书的范围，符合最广义的解释，从而囊括所有此种修改以及等效的结构和功能。
阀组件可与其他医疗流体输送装置一起使用，此种装置例如有静脉输液管、导尿管、输液泵，以及类似装置。阀组件也可用于注射器以及其他不采用通用路厄氏(ubiquitous luer)连接布置的医疗装置。

Claims (7)

1.一种阀组件，包括：
阳接头末端部分，其包括内部突出部和与该内部突出部有间隔的外螺纹护套；
阴接头末端部分；和
用于在阳接头末端部分与阴接头末端部分之间传输流体的通道，所述通道包括邻接着阴接头末端部分的第一通道部分和邻接着阳接头末端部分且延伸进阳接头末端部分的内部突出部中的第二通道部分；
在关闭位置与打开位置之间可移动的阀装置，所述阀装置包括阀构件，所述阀构件包括阀塞部分和主体部分，所述主体部分在关闭位置中部分位于内部突出部内的第二通道部分内，所述阀构件包括终止于一个或多个横向流通孔口的阀通道，其中阀塞部分在打开位置和关闭位置两者中都在阀塞部分的位于所述阳接头末端部分侧的末端上末端封闭，从而防止流体在打开位置和关闭位置两者中流动穿过阀塞部分的位于所述阳接头末端部分侧的末端，并且内部突出部包括在第二通道部分内限定阀座部分的内表面，阀塞部分构造为与阀座部分接合以关闭第二通道部分，从而在关闭位置中使阀塞部分的封闭末端与阳接头末端部分的内部突出部的外表面的远端大体平齐；
大体绕阀构件的主体部分的一部分延伸的密封件，用于将阀构件密封在第二通道部分内；
用于使阀装置朝着关闭位置偏移的偏移装置，所述偏移装置大体围绕阀构件的主体部分的一部分；以及
启动构件，该启动构件延伸进阳接头末端部分中，并且当医疗附件的阴接头末端部分与所述阳接头末端部分相连按时，启动构件与阀装置相连接而启动该阀装置。
2.如权利要求1所述的阀组件，其特征在于：启动构件位于外螺纹护套与内部突出部之间。
3.如权利要求1所述的阀组件，其特征在于：阀构件与所述阀组件的阴接头末端部分形成为一体。
4.如权利要求1所述的阀组件，其特征在于：还包括壳体部分，其中阀构件包括朝外向着壳体部分的内表面延伸的支撑凸缘。
5.如权利要求4所述的阀组件，其特征在于：壳体部分与阳接头末端部分相连接，以便与其一起相对于阀构件移动。
6.如权利要求5所述的阀组件，其特征在于：当阀装置处于关闭位置时，阳接头末端部分就与支撑凸缘接合，且当阀装置处于打开位置时，阳接头末端部分与所述支撑凸缘有间隔。
7.如权利要求6所述的阀组件，其特征在于：壳体部分终止于邻接着所述阀组件的阴接头末端部分的末端区域，偏移装置包括压缩弹簧，该压缩弹簧位于壳体部分之内，处于末端区域与支撑凸缘之间。
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