CN101515124A - 包括有光学特殊效应片的激光印刷介质 - Google Patents
包括有光学特殊效应片的激光印刷介质 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种包含有光学特殊效应片的激光印刷介质,其在粘合剂中包括光效应标记薄片或者其它结构,适于将颗粒粘结到衬底上。优选地,在粘合剂中的光效应标记结构具有基本相同的形状或者相同的标记,其尺寸适于激光印刷。在印刷这些薄片或者结构之后,这些薄片或者结构被粘结到所印刷的衬底上,并且在放大后是可辨别的。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
[01]本发明要求Argoitia等人于2008年2月13日提交的,申请号为61/028,44,名称为“在电子照相和磁性墨粉激光印刷中的微型结构式隐藏标记(Microstructured CovertTaggants On Electrophotographic And Magnetographic Toner Laser Printing)“的美国专利申请,在此引用的全部目的是将其合并入本申请中。
技术领域
[02]本发明一般涉及打印机或者复印机的激光印刷,其中增加的安全特征被赋予例如激光墨粉的印刷介质。
背景技术
[03]在过去的十年中,已经出现了很多反欺诈技术,来保护产品和文档使其免于被伪造或者数字复制,并且来帮助提供简单的校验认证。很多这些技术需要使用复杂且高成本的设备来实现,并且无法实现修改,即使希望保护的用户选择要做修改(因为用户有可能要改变其密码时)。例如,用变色涂层涂敷文档或者文件通常需要将文档放置在真空镀膜室中,这样才能成功涂敷。这种设备是高成本的,且印刷一批文件的设置时间是相当久的。
[04]当然制造在标志上或内部的具有安全特性的标签可以粘附到文档或者文件上,但是这种伪造者可见的标签经常被复制,并且这些伪造品经常在毫无怀疑的情况下通过安检。此外,在一些情况下,标签可能被剥离,然后被重新使用到其他文档或者包裹上,欺骗公众使其认为文档是真实的。
[05]本发明提供了一种可负担的解决方案,将实质性的安全功能提供给激光印刷的文档,在此之前不曾为大家所知。
[06]激光打印机遍布四处,并且使用激光打印机或者复印机只需很少技术。按动按钮,用户就能要求其计算机上的文档被打印。数百万的个人用户具有与他的个人或工作计算机相连接的激光打印机、激光复印机、或者多功能激光打印复印机。这些激光打印机和复印机使用经特定配制的且被收纳在硒鼓中的激光墨粉,该硒鼓是定制的以适用于特定的打印机或者复印机。很多激光打印机/复印机硒鼓是适于重装的,因此可以被重新装满,且可被重新使用多次。多年来,激光打印机已经发展,且墨粉也已经发展,人们现在可以购买彩色激光打印机,具有多种颜色能打印彩色图像的墨粉。改进激光打印之一是能够带有较高分辨率的打印机,每分钟打印更多页,并且墨粉更加耐用,且能双面打印。然而,激光打印机还没有发展到远远超过这些功能。
激光打印系统
[07]本发明涉及一种墨粉组分。更加具体地本发明涉及一种具有包含特定特征的外加添加剂的墨粉组分,优选地,该特定特征以特定比例的隐藏标记(covert taggents)形式出现,利于鉴别印刷文档的真实性。例如一些机密文档或者用作通过或进入限制区域的文档经常需要被鉴定。一旦使用这种激光墨粉来打印文档,隐藏在打印文档上的标记(taggents)通过放大人眼即可见,从而就可验证文档的真实性。有无数个不同的可用的标记设计,从而增加安全等级。此外,还可以使用不同的标记组合来增加安全等级。
[08]近年来,电子照相形成装置例如激光打印机、传真机和复印机已经被广泛使用,以获得具有高速操作和高质量图像的优点。
[09]图1是传统的基于非接触式显影系统的干式电子照相图像形成装置的示意框图。在图1的干式电子照相图像形成装置的操作过程中,感光物体(或者感光鼓)100通过充电装置600充电,图像被暴露在激光扫描单元900的激光光束下,以在感光鼓100表面上显影潜像。供应辊(supply roller)300中的干式墨粉400被提供给显影辊(developing roller)200。墨粉层调节装置500确保提供给显影辊200的墨粉具有薄且一致的厚度。在该过程中,墨粉由于显影辊200和墨粉层调节装置500之间的接触而摩擦生电,该墨粉层调节装置500用来调节墨粉量和每单位墨粉量电荷数。通过调节装置500后,墨粉然后在光感鼓100上显影静电潜像,被转印辊(未示出)转印给记录介质,例如一页纸,并且由熔凝器(未示出)来熔结。因此,在熔结之前,当鼓继续旋转时,静电图像产生在激光光线没有射到鼓上的区域,鼓与被完全涂有墨粉的显影辊接触;但是,当辊和鼓接触时,涂在辊上的墨粉仅仅粘在部分鼓的静电图案上。随后,鼓旋转至与纸张接触,该纸张夹在鼓和转印辊之间。静电图像的墨粉然后在熔结之前被转印到纸张。感光鼓100上的任何残留的墨粉由清洁刀片700清除,存储在剩余墨粉收集盒800中,并且再从充电步骤至图像形成步骤,重复打印过程。
[010]有很多美国专利描述了激光打印过程,例如,可在US4,847,652,US4,685,793和US4,174,170中找到这些描述,在此引用的所有目的是将它们合并入本申请中。
[011]在其他一些打印机中,电荷可翻转。在这种情况下,将带正电的静电图像形成在负极背景上。
[012]在当前一些更加高级的打印机中,纸张是强烈地带静电的,以确保足够地拉动和传送图像鼓的墨粉颗粒。纸张经过加热的筒或熔凝器之间,以将墨粉固定在纸张中。辊上的热和压力将墨粉熔融,从而熔结到纸张的纤维上。
[013]在相关的一些打印技术中,磁成像印刷中,光电导体和墨粉是磁性的。第一次印刷时将鼓充电、成像且着色,然后在后续的印刷时将其再充电和着色。
[014]激光印刷的详细介绍可以在互联网上的以下网址上找到:
[015]http://computer.howstuffworks.com/laser-printer.htm
[016]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_printer
激光打印机使用的标准墨粉的组分
[017]在标准的黑白激光打印机中的激光墨粉是碳、聚合树脂(苯乙烯丙烯酸盐或聚酯树脂)、控制静电特性的附加剂、流化剂和润滑剂等的混合物。
在操作中,当印刷时,墨粉颗粒的聚合体通过熔凝器熔融,使碳颗粒粘附到将在其上印刷图像的纸张或者介质上。有色颜料被用作彩色激光墨粉的青色、红色和黄色,并且磁铁氧化物颗粒被用作磁性墨粉。颗粒尺寸、形状和分布是非常重要的,并且影响墨粉的流动和静电特性。
[018]早前激光打印机使用的墨粉是14-16微米范围内的颗粒。但是,更多当前最新的激光打印机具有缩小至平均大约8微米的墨粉颗粒尺寸,因此将图像的分辨率提高至每英寸大约600点。
[019]最佳图像质量在很大程度上依赖于提供具有狭窄尺寸分布的激光墨粉颗粒,即在以平均直径8μm-10μm为中心,具有窄的形状分布的颗粒,即形状基本相似,并且理想地具有圆形或者正方形和像素状的横截面。
[020]图2和图3分别示出了典型的低质量和高质量墨粉的微型照片。在每个电子扫描显微图中的白色的条纹代表10微米尺寸。图2示出了较粗糙的墨粉的微型照片,一些颗粒的尺寸是20微米。图3中显示的较精细的墨粉具有尺寸在10微米的一些颗粒。
[021]根据本发明,我们制作了带有形状的和/或符号状的片或者人造的结构,以添加到激光墨粉或粘合剂中,其尺寸与典型的墨粉的平均颗粒尺寸相似。有利地,在放大的情况下,可容易地看到这些薄片或者结构,如果出现所预期的符号或者形状,则可认定该印刷物是真实的。
附图说明
[022]结合附图来描述本发明的示例性实施方式,其中:
[023]图1示出了传统的基于非接触显影系统的干式电相照相图像形成装置的截面图。
[024]图2示出了低质量墨粉颗粒的扫描式电子显微照片(SEM)。
[025]图3示出了高质量墨粉颗粒的扫描式电子显微照片(SEM)。
[026]图4是具有三叶草形象的10x10平方微米的成形薄片,和背面显示有字母JDSU及图标的24x24平方微米的成形薄片的显微照片。
[027]图5示出了封装有SiOH层的24x24的三层微米扫描式电子显微照片。
[028]图6是根据本发明印刷的图像的微缩照片,其中将10微米三叶草饰物(charm)和14微米的JDSU饰物与标准黑色墨粉混合。
[029]图7是将在墨粉颗粒的混合中的单一的饰物放大500倍的扫描式电子显微照片。
[030]图8是图7中示出的同一饰物经放大2000倍的图。
[031]图9和图10分别是图7中的饰物经放大7000倍和15000倍的扫描式电子显微照片,其中浮雕在其上的三叶草是可见的。
[032]图11a是经放大的激光印刷图像的微缩照片,其中激光墨粉颗粒和饰物是可见的。
[033]图11b是放大的24x24平方微米尺寸的单一激光墨粉饰物的微缩照片。
[034]图12是通过箭头互相连接的一序列微缩照片,其中字母“S”在每一个后续的图中被依次放大显示。
[035]图13是嵌入在纯聚合体上的饰物的微缩照片,该纯聚合体是墨粉块的一部分。
发明内容
[036]根据本发明提供一种激光介质,其包括:
[037]粘合剂,适于将颗粒粘结到衬底上;和
[038]在所述粘合剂中的第一多个光效应结构,所述粘合剂的尺寸适于激光印刷,其中所述薄片在放大后是可以识别的。
[039]所述光效应结构可以是薄片或者其中所述薄片一般是包括一个或者多个材料层的平面薄片,,但是这些薄片在其中具有浮雕或者在其上具有图案,以形成衍射光栅或者形成标识或者其他标记,这些标识或者其他标记在不放大的情况下是不可见的而在放大情况下才是可见的。可替换地,可以提供其他人造结构,例如锥体状的结构或者圆片。
[040]根据本发明另一方面,提供了一种包括激光墨粉和光效应薄片的设备,以将它们组合来形成在其中具有安全特征的激光墨粉。
具体实施方式
[041]本发明能够使用典型的商业上可用的打印机或复印机/打印机,并且可为印刷文档提供增强的安全性。但是,使用放大镜(magnifying loop)作简单的检查,则可看到文档中在未使用放大镜时看不到的印刷饰物,从而可鉴别印刷文档。
[042]再次参见图2,示出了相对高质量激光墨粉的微缩照片,其中精细的颗粒的尺寸大约为10微米。
[043]在本发明的第一实施方式中,以尺寸约为10微米的薄片形式的非随机形状人造结构被添加到进传统的浓度约为0.1%的精细的颗粒干式墨粉中。该混合物被放置在激光硒鼓中,并且使用标准的打印机命令将其印刷到文档上。
[044]现参见图3,示出了两个薄片,一个为在其中压印有倒转的JSDU的较大薄片和一个为在其上具有符号的较小薄片。较小薄片具有横穿(across)其表面的大约10微米的尺寸。可看到已构造的部分结构,从而薄片会沿着结构线分开,且从而薄片基本上为正方形。具有边框或者边界的薄片的描述可在以Argoitia名义申请的美国专利申请20060035080、2008107856和20080236447中找到。这种类型的薄片可以单层或者多层薄片,并且可以包括变色薄片,优选以Fabry-Pero(法布里-珀罗)型结构形式,薄片的非对称叠层需要三层,薄片的对称叠层需要五层。具有对称叠层的优点是无论薄片以何种方式掉落,也就是说在任一侧上,所观测到的效应均为变色效应。然而非对称薄片则要么呈现反射效应要么呈现变色效应,取决于哪一边向上面对印刷文档。薄片还可以是带有单一层设计或者使用众所周知的(HLH)或者(LHL)多层叠层的介电成形薄片。这些多层叠加的薄片可呈现变色特性。由于这些薄片是仅使用介电层制作的,这些介电层具有适于被鼓的带静电的图像吸引的静电特性。在这点上,所有的介电薄片和包含金属层的薄片经过测试都获得有利的结果。
[045]现参见图6,显示了测试打印的微缩照片,其中大约100克墨粉含1克的10微米的三叶草饰物和0.1克的14微米的JDSU饰物。三叶草饰物是由2QW ZnS@550nm/100nmAl/2QW ZnS@550nm组成的多层饰物。14微米的JSDU标识饰物由对应于非转换绿色饰物(non shifter green charm)的Cr/4QW ZnS@510nm/100nm Al/4QW ZnS@510nm/Cr组成。具有吸附层、介电间隔层和反射层的多层变色薄片可以与类似于饰物的其它薄片一起使用,或者可单独使用。优选五层对称薄片,以便不管哪一边随机向上,薄片均具有变色特性。
[046]图7至图10示出了墨粉颗粒混合物中的具有以三叶草形式浮雕在其上的标记的薄片。所有这些微缩照片分别被放大500至15000倍。
[047]现参见图11a,示出了具有多个饰物的印刷区域。图11b示出了图11a的上部区域中的一个饰物的放大图。在图像印刷后有时出现不期望的效果,即一些黑色墨粉颗粒覆盖了一个或多个饰物的一部分,从而遮盖了本来可见的饰物区域。这可在图11b中清楚地看出。当黑色墨粉与反射饰物一起使用或者墨粉包含与其颜色对比(强烈)的饰物时,这种效果最明显。试图消除该问题,在本发明的实施方式中,饰物可以被添加到不含黑色墨粉颗粒的纯聚合物中。在该饰物的混合物中,可以可选地加入变色薄片或者饰物。我们已经发现当在打印机的辊之间被加热时,纯聚合物将饰物和变色颗粒有效地粘附在正被印刷的纸张上。图13示出了嵌入在作为墨粉块的一部分的纯聚合物上的饰物,证明了墨粉的聚合物将饰物熔融并粘结在衬底上。
[048]现参见图12,示出了一序列用箭头相互连接的微缩照片,以位与图右上方的用10磅字体(10point font)印刷的字母S开始。用箭头指向下一个照片且按逆时针方向排列的每一个随后照片示出了被印刷在字母S中的同一饰物,在每一个随后的照片中放大倍数被依次增加。图12清楚地示出了本发明的效用。看上去像是一般的激光印刷文字,(其实)标记已经隐藏在印刷字符或者印刷图像中,这些标记可以被用来鉴别印刷文档的真实性。这些标记可用作印刷文档中的微型签名。此外,通过改变标记,可以在印刷文档中嵌入较高的级别或者较高的安全性。例如,可以使用不同百分比的不同标记,以及通过使用彩色激光打印机中的不同颜色的墨粉中的不同标记来方便地实施一种进一步编码的形式。
[049]本发明还具有将个人标记添加至标准激光打印墨粉中,购买用标准或者专用的墨粉填充的硒鼓,以及将特殊的标记或者一定量的标记薄片添加至墨粉中。
[050]在另一实施方式中,例如微型锥体的其他结构或者具有大约10微米尺寸的其他形状的微型结构被添加到激光墨粉中,且可用墨粉将它们印刷到文档上。尽管在本发明优选的实施方式中,使用具有预定的、相同形状的薄片,但是本发明并非被限于平面片状的结构。衍射的平面状结构也可被添加到墨粉中,其中,可使用在其中或其上具有衍射结构的平面薄片。
Claims (21)
1、一种激光印刷介质,其包括:
粘合剂,其适于将颗粒粘结到衬底上;和
第一多个光效应标记结构,其在所述粘合剂中具有基本相同的形状或者相同的标记,其尺寸适于激光印刷,其中所述结构在放大情况下观察是可辨别的。
2、如权利要求1所限定的介质,其中所述粘合剂是聚合粘合材料,且其中所述第一多个特定效应标记结构被分散在所述粘合材料中。
3、如权利要求1所限定的介质,其中所述第一多个标记光效应结构被涂覆有所述粘合剂。
4、如权利要求1所限定的介质,其中所述光效应标记结构为薄片,且其中所述介质还包括墨粉材料,从视觉上可将所述墨粉材料与所述标记薄片区别开。
5、如权利要求4所限定的介质,还包括墨粉,其中所述第一多个光效应标记结构具有在放大时可识别的特征,可从所述粘合剂中识别出这些结构。
6、如权利要求5所限定的介质,其中所述标记结构为以下薄片中的至少一个:基本相同的预定形状的变色薄片、在其上具有标记的薄片和衍射薄片。
7、如权利要求3所限定的介质,其中至少一些所述标记结构在其中或者其上具有标记,该标记在放大情况下是可见的,并且其中所述标记小于20微米。
8、如权利要求4所限定的介质,其中所述标记薄片的横穿其表面的尺寸小于50微米。
9、如权利要求4所限定的介质,其中所述标记薄片的每一个包括金属层或者单层或者多层介电材料。
10、如权利要求8所限定的介质,其中所述金属是Al。
11、如权利要求9所限定的介质,其中所述金属层支撑一个或多个介电层。
12、如权利要求9所限定的介质,其中所述介电材料是介电聚合材料或者ZnS和MgF2中之一。
13、如权利要求4所限定的介质,其中所述介质含有低于15%的标记薄片。
14、如权利要求13所限定的介质,其中部分所述标记薄片的每一个的厚度小于500nm,且横穿可见表面的面积小于900μ2。
15、如权利要求13所限定的介质,其中部分所述标记薄片是成形薄片,所述成形薄片由在其上具有标记的金属层构成。
16、如权利要求13所限定的介质,其中至少部分所述标记薄片包括Al中心层和在ZnS的该中心层的上表面和下表面上的涂层,或者包裹所述ZnS的该Al中心层的涂层。
17、如权利要求1所限定的介质,所述介质被放置在激光打印机或者复印机硒鼓中。
18、如权利要求4所限定的介质,其中所述薄片是微型结构的隐藏标记薄片。
19、如权利要求4所限定的介质,所述介质被放置在同一打印机中用于打印的多个分离的墨粉容器中,并且其中至少一些所述的分离的容器具有不同于其他容器的标记,其中所述不同的标记在放大情况下从视觉上是可辨别的。
20、如权利要求1所限定的介质,其中所述成形薄片是用于磁性图像印刷的磁性薄片。
21、一种设备,其包括激光墨粉和光效应薄片,以将它们结合以形成在其中具有安全特性的激光墨粉。
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2009
- 2009-02-11 JP JP2009029195A patent/JP2009193069A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-02-12 EP EP20090152720 patent/EP2090935A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-02-13 CN CNA2009100089442A patent/CN101515124A/zh active Pending
- 2009-02-13 US US12/378,371 patent/US20090202932A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2011
- 2011-10-28 US US13/284,689 patent/US8658280B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2014
- 2014-01-09 US US14/151,511 patent/US8999616B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105849645A (zh) * | 2013-12-27 | 2016-08-10 | 欧莱雅 | 美容用激光打印机 |
CN105849645B (zh) * | 2013-12-27 | 2020-02-18 | 欧莱雅 | 美容用激光打印机 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8658280B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 |
US20120107738A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
US8999616B2 (en) | 2015-04-07 |
JP2009193069A (ja) | 2009-08-27 |
US20090202932A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
EP2090935A1 (en) | 2009-08-19 |
US20140127622A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
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Application publication date: 20090826 |