CN101563370B - 可辐射固化的水性涂料组合物和相关方法 - Google Patents
可辐射固化的水性涂料组合物和相关方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101563370B CN101563370B CN200780046657XA CN200780046657A CN101563370B CN 101563370 B CN101563370 B CN 101563370B CN 200780046657X A CN200780046657X A CN 200780046657XA CN 200780046657 A CN200780046657 A CN 200780046657A CN 101563370 B CN101563370 B CN 101563370B
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Abstract
披露了可辐射固化的水性涂料组合物。这些涂料组合物包括水分散性聚合物和疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物。该组合物的特征在于在升高的温度和碱性条件下是粘度稳定的。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及可辐射固化的水性涂料组合物。这些涂料组合物包含水分散性聚合物和疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物，并且特征在于在升高的温度和碱性条件下是粘度稳定的。
背景信息
热固化的溶剂基和水基涂料已经可广泛获得。溶剂基涂料的一个缺点是与水基涂料相比高的VOC(挥发性有机化合物)含量。另外，与可紫外(“UV”)光固化的涂料相比，溶剂基和水基热固化涂料可以具有缓慢的固化速率，这是由于，在至少一些情形中，所使用的交联剂的反应速率缓慢引起的。因为使用具有一定频率的UV光而由光引发剂形成将乙烯基交联到树脂上的自由基，所以可UV固化体系通常提供快得多的反应。与可能花费明显更长(包括几分钟或更长)的热固化反应相反，UV光固化反应可以在数秒钟内进行。
可以在一些情形中使用可UV固化的水基涂料。通常除了可辐射固化的材料之外，这些涂料通常包括水分散性聚合物例如酸官能的丙烯酸类或聚酯，该水分散性聚合物在水中用胺中和。由于将可UV固化的水基涂料固化需要极少的热或不需要热，因此可以将它们涂覆至热敏性基材例如纤维素和塑料。
与可UV固化的水基涂料组合物相关的一个缺点是在通常所希望的或必要的碱性条件下，它们通常表现出不良的pH和粘度稳定性。通常在这些条件下，存在的可辐射固化材料例如多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯会在水的存在下水解，这导致组合物的粘度随时间所不希望地增加。
因此，将希望提供在碱性条件下粘度稳定的可辐射固化的水性涂料组合物。
发明概述
在某些方面中，本发明涉及可辐射固化的水性涂料组合物。这些组合物包含：(a)水分散性聚合物；(b)疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物；和(c)主要包含pKa不超过9.5的单官能叔胺的中和剂。
在另一些方面中，本发明涉及包含酸官能的聚合物和疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物的可辐射固化的水性涂料组合物，其中所述组合物当被中和至7-9的pH时在120°F下粘度稳定达至少28天。
发明详述
出于以下详述的目的，应当理解的是本发明可以采取各种备选变化方式和步骤顺序，除了在明确说明相反的情况下。此外，除了在任何工作例中，或者在另外说明的情况下，在说明书和权利要求书中使用的表示例如组分量的所有数值将被理解为在所有情形中由术语“约”修饰。因此，除非相反地说明，在以下说明书和附属的权利要求书中描述的数值参数是近似值，其可以根据将通过本发明获得的所希望的性能而变化。至少地并且不试图限制等同原则应用于权利要求书的范围，每一数值参数应该至少根据具有所报导的有效数位的数值并且通过采用一般舍入技术来理解。
尽管描述本发明的宽范围的数值范围和参数是近似值，但描述于具体实施例中的数值被尽可能准确地报导。然而，任何数值固有地含有由在它们各自的试验测量中发现的标准偏差必然产生的一定误差。
另外，应该理解的是本文中列出的任何数值范围意在包括包含于其中的所有子范围。例如，范围“1-10”意在包括在所列出的最小值1与所列出的最大值10之间(并且包括端值)的所有子范围，即具有等于或大于1的最小值和等于或小于10的最大值的所有子范围。
在本申请中，单数的使用包括复数并且复数包括单数，除非另外特别地说明。另外在本申请中，“或”的使用是指“和/或”，除非另外特别地说明，尽管在某些情形中可能明确地使用“和/或”。
如前所述，本发明的某些实施方案涉及“水性”涂料组合物。本文中使用的术语“水性”涂料组合物是指其中溶剂或载液根本上或主要地包含水的组合物。例如，在本发明的某些实施方案中，载液是至少80wt％的水。在某些实施方案中，除了水之外，水性介质可以进一步包含有机溶剂，例如具有至多约8个碳原子的醇例如甲醇、异丙醇等；或二醇醚例如乙二醇、二甘醇或丙二醇的单烷基醚等。当存在时，基于水性介质的总体积，有机溶剂通常以至多约10体积％的量使用。
另外，本发明的某些实施方案涉及作为“低VOC”涂料组合物的涂料组合物。本文中使用的术语“低VOC组合物”是指该组合物含有不超过三(3)磅挥发性有机化合物/每加仑组合物。在某些实施方案中，本发明的涂料组合物含有不超过一(1)磅挥发性有机化合物/每加仑涂料组合物。本文中使用的术语“挥发性有机化合物”是指具有至少一个碳原子并且在组合物的干燥和/或固化期间从组合物中释放的化合物。“挥发性有机化合物”的实例包括，但不限于，醇、苯、甲苯、氯仿和环己烷。
如另外所示的那样，本发明的水性涂料组合物是“可辐射固化的”。本文中使用的术语“可辐射固化”是指包括具有可通过暴露于能量源例如电子束(EB)、UV光或可见光而聚合的反应性组分的化合物的组合物。可辐射固化的化合物的实例包括含有烯属不饱和官能团的那些，例如丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯类、富马酸酯类、乙烯基醚类、马来酸酯类、硫醇类、烯烃、环氧化物等。
如前所述，本发明的可辐射固化的水性涂料组合物包含水分散性聚合物。本文中使用的术语“水分散性聚合物”是指在借助于或使用表面活性剂的情况下或者在不借助于或不使用表面活性剂的情况下能够稳定地分散在水中的聚合物。在某些实施方案中，在不借助于或不使用显著量即基于聚合物的重量不超过1wt％的表面活性剂的情况下，用于本发明的涂料组合物中的水分散性聚合物能够稳定地分散在水中。
合适的水分散性聚合物包括聚氨酯、环氧化物、聚酰胺、氯化聚烯烃、丙烯酸类(acrylics)、油改性的聚合物以及其混合物或共聚物。可以使用常规技术容易地合成这些聚合物并且使其为水分散性的。在某些实施方案中，例如酸官能团的引入产生水分散性。因此，在某些实施方案中，包含在本发明的组合物中的水分散性聚合物包括酸官能的聚合物。
引入到这些聚合物上的酸官能团在某些实施方案中是羧酸，尽管在另一些实施方案中可以使用其他的酸例如磺酸。在某些实施方案中，酸官能的聚合物以每分子计具有至少两个羧基。
合适的酸官能的聚合物包括，但不限于，酸官能的丙烯酸类聚合物、聚烯烃、环氧化物、聚酰胺和聚氨酯，包括其混合物在内。在某些实施方案中，包含在本发明的涂料组合物中的酸官能的聚合物具有5-50，例如5-30的酸值。
适用于本发明中的羧酸官能的丙烯酸类聚合物可以通过本领域那些普通技术人员已知的自由基聚合方法制备。在某些实施方案中，该聚合物通过将一种或多种羧酸官能的烯属不饱和单体例如(甲基)丙烯酸与一种或多种不含羧酸官能团的烯属不饱和单体例如(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯和苯乙烯聚合而制备。作为选择，该羧酸官能的丙烯酸类聚合物可以通过首先制备羟基官能的丙烯酸类聚合物，然后使其与环状酐例如琥珀酸酐反应而制备。另外，合适的烯属不饱和单体是可以提供用于热固性聚合物的交联部分的官能单体，例如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、和羟基官能的丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯，例如丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酸羟丙酯和甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯。
在某些实施方案中，本发明的涂料组合物包含自交联的丙烯酸类聚合物，例如具有乙酰基乙酰氧基-类官能部分的丙烯酸类聚合物，如描述于例如美国专利申请公开号2005/0176874A1，[0001]-[0049]中的，该申请的引述部分在此通过引用并入本文。
酸官能的丙烯酸聚合物可以例如通过本领域那些技术人员已知的溶液聚合技术制备。一般而言，所述单体在合适的自由基引发催化剂例如有机过氧化物或偶氮化合物如过氧化苯甲酰、过苯甲酸叔丁酯或N，N’-偶氮双(异丁腈)的存在下聚合。催化剂的量可以根据特定的聚合条件而广泛地变化。在某些实施方案中，单体在有机溶剂例如醇、芳族溶剂、酮和/或二醇的存在下聚合。选择所述溶剂使得它们溶解单体并且在聚合完成时可以通过蒸馏容易地除去。
具有羧酸官能团的聚氨酯也适用于本发明，并且可以如将被本领域那些技术人员理解的那样通过使一种或多种异氰酸酯与一种或多种羟基官能的化合物反应而制备。合适的水分散性聚氨酯和它们的制备方法描述于美国公开的专利申请No.2005/0192400A1，[0041]-[0047]和[0055]中，该申请的引述部分在此通过引用并入本文。
在某些实施方案中，具有羧酸官能团的聚酯也适用于本发明并且可以通过本领域公知的方法制备，该方法包括使具有至少2酸(或酯)官能度的羧酸(和/或其酯)和具有至少2羟基官能度的多元醇反应。如本领域那些普通技术人员已知的，选择反应物的羧酸基团与羟基的摩尔当量比以使得所得的聚酯具有羧酸官能团和所希望的分子量。
在某些实施方案中，酸官能的聚合物以5-50wt％，例如7-40wt％的量存在于本发明的涂料组合物中，该重量百分比基于涂料组合物的总重量。
如前所述，本发明的水性涂料组合物还包含疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物。本文中使用的术语“疏水烯属不饱和化合物”是指与水基本不相容、不具有对水的亲和性和/或使用常规混合方式不能溶于水中的烯属不饱和化合物。即，当将引述化合物的样品与有机组分和水混合时，大部分聚合物处于有机相中并且观察到单独的水相。参见Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary，(第12版，1993)，618页。
本文中使用的术语“多官能烯属不饱和化合物”是指每分子含有两个或更多个烯属不饱和位点的化合物。其具体实例包括，但不限于，每分子含有两个烯属不饱和位点的双官能烯属不饱和化合物、每分子含有三个烯属不饱和位点的三官能烯属不饱和化合物、每分子含有四个烯属不饱和位点的四官能烯属不饱和化合物和每分子含有五个烯属不饱和位点的五官能烯属不饱和化合物。如将被理解的那样，在本发明的组合物中可以使用两种或更多种疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物的混合物。
适用于本发明的疏水双官能烯属不饱和化合物的具体实例包括，但不限于，二(甲基)丙烯酸1，3-丁二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸1，6-己二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸新戊二醇酯、双酚A二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、双酚A二(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、环氧乙烷改性的双酚A二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、环氧乙烷改性的双酚A二(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、2，2-双(4-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙氧基苯基)丙烷、7，7，9-三甲基-4，13-二氧杂-3，14-二氧代-5，12-二氮杂十六烷-1，1，6-二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇羟基新戊酸二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(neopentyl glycolhydroxylpivalate di(meth)acrylate)、己内酯改性的新戊二醇羟基新戊酸二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(caprolactone-modified neopentylglycol hydroxylpivalate di(meth)acrylate)、三羟甲基乙烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。
适用于本发明的疏水三官能或更高级多官能烯属不饱和化合物的具体实例包括，但不限于，三羟甲基甲烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基乙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二-三羟甲基丙烷四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。
在某些实施方案中，本发明的涂料组合物基本不含或者在一些情形中完全不含单官能丙烯酸酯。本文中使用的术语“单官能丙烯酸酯”是指具有一个丙烯酸酯部分的分子。本文中使用的术语“基本不含”是指如果有的话，所述材料作为附随的杂质存在于组合物中。换句话说，该材料不会影响本发明组合物的粘度稳定性能。本文中使用的术语“完全不含”是指所述材料根本不存在于所述组合物中。
在某些实施方案中，所述疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物以2-30wt％，例如5-15wt％的量存在于本发明的涂料组合物中，该重量百分比基于涂料组合物的总重量。
本发明的水性涂料组合物的某些实施方案还包含主要包含碱强度pKa不超过9.5、在一些情形中不超过8.5和在另一些情形中不超过8.0的单官能叔胺的中和剂。如本文中使用的，当描述中和剂“主要”包含单官能叔胺时，其是指用于溶解酸官能的聚合物的单官能叔胺的量足以制得在碱性条件下粘度稳定的组合物。在某些实施方案中，这意味着所述组合物中全部胺的至少50wt％、在一些情形中至少75wt％或者在另一些情形中至少90wt％是pKa不超过9.5的单官能叔胺。
适用于本发明的pKa处于所希望的范围内的单官能叔胺包括，但不一定限于，三烯丙基胺、二烯丙基甲基胺、苄基二甲基胺、n-烯丙基吗啉、炔丙基二甲基胺、炔丙基乙基二甲基胺、n-甲基吗啉、n，n-二甲基羟胺、烯丙基二甲基胺、苄基二乙基胺、n-乙基吗啉、炔丙基甲基二甲基胺，包括其混合物在内。
在本发明的组合物中，所述中和剂以足以将涂料组合物中和至7-9、例如7.0-8.7或者在一些情形中7.5-8.7的pH的量存在。
本发明人已惊奇地发现本文中描述的可辐射固化的水性组合物在碱性条件下是粘度稳定的。本文中使用的术语“碱性条件”是指组合物的pH为7-9，在一些情形中为7.5-8.7。本文中使用的术语“粘度稳定”是指在暴露于120°F温度下28天之后，组合物的粘度不会增加超过其初始粘度的50％，在一些情形中不超过25％。
在某些实施方案中，该组合物在77°F(25℃)下的初始粘度为100-300厘泊(cps)，例如120-200cps，和在77°F(25℃)下的最终粘度为100-450cps，例如120-300cps。本文中使用的术语“最终粘度”是指在将组合物暴露于120°F温度下28天之后组合物的粘度。本文中报导的粘度值根据实施例中描述的方法测量。
除了前述组分之外，本发明的组合物可以包含其他组分例如自由基光引发剂。合适的自由基光引发剂包括，但不限于，苯甲酮类、苯乙酮衍生物例如α-羟基烷基苯基酮、苯偶姻类例如苯偶姻烷基醚和苄基缩酮、单酰基氧化膦和双酰基氧化膦。自由基引发剂可例如从Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation在它们的DURACURE和IRGACURE系列中商购获得；IRGACURE 184、IRGACURE 500和DURACURE1173是特别合适的。
在某些实施方案中，基于组合物的总重量，本发明的可辐射固化组合物包含0.01-15wt％的自由基光引发剂，或在一些实施方案中为0.01-10wt％，或者在另一些实施方案中为0.01-5wt％的自由基光引发剂。
在某些实施方案中，本发明的组合物还包含多种其他添加剂的任一种，尤其例如流变改性剂、表面活性剂、UV光稳定剂、染料、颜料、研磨添加剂、抗氧剂、溶剂和消光剂(例如蜡涂覆的或非蜡涂覆的二氧化硅或者其他无机材料)。
在某些实施方案中，本发明的涂料组合物还包含着色剂。本文中使用的术语“着色剂”是指将颜色和/或其他不透明性和/或其他视觉效果赋予所述组合物的任何物质。着色剂可以任何合适的形式，例如离散颗粒、分散体、溶液和/或薄片加入到涂料中。在本发明的涂料中可以使用单一着色剂或者两种或更多种着色剂的混合物。
着色剂的实例包括颜料、染料和调色料(tints)，例如漆工业使用的和/或列于Dry Color Manufac turers Association(DCMA)中的那些，以及特殊效应组合物。着色剂可以包括，例如，在使用条件下不可溶但是可润湿的细粒状固体粉末。着色剂可以是有机或无机的并且可以是聚集或非聚集的。可以通过利用研磨载体例如丙烯酸类研磨载体将着色剂引入涂料，所述研磨载体的使用是本领域技术人员熟知的。
颜料和/或颜料组合物的实例包括，但不限于，咔唑二噁嗪粗颜料、偶氮、单偶氮、双偶氮、萘酚AS、盐型(色淀)、苯并咪唑酮、缩合(condensation)、金属络合物、异二氢吲哚酮、异二氢吲哚和多环酞菁、喹吖啶酮、苝、紫环酮、二酮吡咯并吡咯、硫靛、蒽醌、靛蒽醌、蒽嘧啶、黄烷士酮、皮蒽酮、蒽嵌蒽醌、二噁嗪、三芳基碳鎓、喹酞酮颜料、二酮吡咯并吡咯红(“DPPBO红”)、二氧化钛、炭黑和它们的混合物。术语“颜料”和“着色填料”可互换地使用。
染料的实例包括，但不限于，溶剂基和/或水性基的那些例如酞菁绿或蓝、氧化铁、钒酸铋、蒽醌、苝、铝和喹吖啶酮。
调色料的实例包括，但不限于，分散在水基或可与水混溶的载体中的颜料例如可从Degussa，Inc.，CHARISMA COLORANTS商购获得的AQUA-CHEM 896和可从Accurate Dispersions division ofEastman Chemical，Inc.商购获得的MAXITONER INDUSTRIALCOLORANTS。
如上所述，着色剂可以呈分散体形式，包括但不限于呈纳米颗粒分散体形式。纳米颗粒分散体可以包括一种或多种高度分散的纳米颗粒着色剂和/或着色剂颗粒，其产生所需的可见颜色和/或不透明性和/或视觉效应。纳米颗粒分散体可以包括颗粒尺寸小于150nm例如小于70nm或小于30nm的着色剂例如颜料或染料。可以通过将原料有机或无机颜料与颗粒尺寸小于0.5mm的研磨介质一起碾磨而产生纳米颗粒。纳米颗粒分散体实例和它们的制造方法在美国专利号6,875,800B2中进行了描述，该文献通过引用并入本文。纳米颗粒分散体也可以通过结晶、沉淀、气相冷凝和化学磨损(即，部分溶解)产生。为了使纳米颗粒在涂料中的再聚集最小化，可以使用树脂涂覆的纳米颗粒的分散体。本文所使用的“树脂涂覆的纳米颗粒的分散体”是指其中分散了离散“复合微粒”的连续相，该“复合微粒”包含纳米颗粒和在该纳米颗粒上的树脂涂层。树脂涂覆的纳米颗粒的分散体实例和它们的制造方法在2004年6月24日提交的美国专利申请公开2005-0287348A1和2003年6月24日提交的美国临时申请号60/482,167以及2006年1月20日提交的美国专利申请号11/337,062中进行了描述，所述文献通过引用并入本文。
可用于本发明组合物中的特殊效应组合物的实例包括产生一种或多种外观效应例如反射、珠光、金属光泽、磷光、荧光、光致变色、感光性、热致变色、随角异色(goniochromism)和/或颜色变化的颜料和/或组合物。另外的特殊效应组合物可以提供其他的可察觉的性能例如不透明性或纹理。在一个非限制性实施方案中，特殊效应组合物可以产生色移，以致当在不同角度观察涂层时涂层的颜色改变。颜色效应组合物实例在美国专利号6,894,086中进行了描述，该文献通过引用并入本文。另外的颜色效应组合物可以包括透明的涂覆云母和/或合成云母、涂覆的氧化硅、涂覆的氧化铝、透明液晶颜料、液晶涂层和/或其中干涉由材料内的折射指数差异引起而不归因于材料表面和空气之间的折射指数差异的任何组合物。
一般而言，着色剂可以任何足以赋予所希望的视觉和/或颜色效应的量存在。着色剂可以占本发明组合物的1-65wt％，例如3-40wt％或者5-35wt％，该重量百分比基于所述组合物的总重量。
可以通过本领域那些普通技术人员已知的任何合适的涂覆工艺例如通过浸涂、直接辊涂、逆向辊涂、幕涂、喷涂、刷涂、真空涂覆和其组合将本发明的可辐射固化的组合物直接涂覆到基材表面上或在底层之上。用于将组合物涂覆至基材的方法和装置可以至少部分由基材材料的结构和类型确定。干膜厚度可以为例如每层约0.1-3.0密耳(2.5-76.2微米)，例如每层0.2-2.0密耳(5.1-50.8微米)，或者在一些实施方案中为每层0.2-1.0密耳(5.1-25.4微米)。
合适的基材包括含纤维素的材料，包括纸、纸板、硬纸板、胶合板和压制纤维板、硬木、软木、薄木片(wood veneer)、刨花材、木屑板、定向结构刨花板和纤维板。这些材料可以全部由木材例如松木、橡木、枫木、桃花心木、樱桃木等制成。然而在一些情形中，该材料可以包含木材与另外的材料例如树脂质材料的组合，即木材/树脂复合材料，例如酚醛复合材料、木纤维和热塑性聚合物的复合材料，和用水泥、纤维或塑料包层增强的木材复合材料。在某些实施方案中，在涂覆本发明的组合物之前，将这些基材用木材染料和/或调色剂涂覆或处理。
合适的金属基材包括，但不限于，由冷轧钢、不锈钢和用锌金属、锌化合物和锌合金表面处理的钢(包括电镀锌钢、热浸镀锌钢、GALVANNEAL钢和镀有锌合金的钢)组成的箔、片材或工件，也可以使用铜、镁和其合金、铝合金、锌-铝合金例如GALFAN、GALVALUME、镀铝钢和镀铝合金的钢基材。用可焊接的富含锌或富含磷化铁的有机涂料涂覆的钢基材(例如冷轧钢或上面列出的任一种钢基材)也适用于本发明的方法中。这类可焊接的涂料组合物披露于美国专利Nos.4,157,924和4,186,036中。当例如用选自金属磷酸盐溶液、含有至少一种IIIB或IVB族金属的水溶液、有机磷酸盐溶液、有机膦酸盐溶液和其组合的溶液预处理时，冷轧钢也是合适的。另外，合适的金属基材包括银、金和其合金。
合适的硅质基材的实例是玻璃、瓷器和陶瓷。
合适的聚合物基材的实例是聚苯乙烯、聚酰胺、聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、蜜胺树脂、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯腈、聚氨酯、聚碳酸酯、聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮和相应的共聚物和嵌段共聚物、可生物降解的聚合物和天然聚合物-例如明胶。
合适的织物基材的实例是由以下物质组成的纤维、纱线、丝线、针织物、机织物、无纺物和衣服：聚酯、改性聚酯、聚酯共混物织物、尼龙、棉、棉共混物织物、黄麻、亚麻、大麻和苎麻、粘胶、羊毛、丝绸、聚酰胺、聚酰胺共混物织物、聚丙烯腈、三乙酸酯(triacetate)、乙酸酯(acetate)、聚碳酸酯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚酯微纤维和玻璃纤维织物。
合适的皮革基材的实例是粗面皮革(例如得自绵羊、山羊或母牛的软羊革和得自小牛或母牛的雾面漆皮)、小山羊皮革(例如得自绵羊、山羊或小牛的丝绒和粗绒面革)、分裂丝绒(例如得自母牛或小牛皮)、鹿皮和nubuk皮革；另外还有毛纺皮和毛皮(例如带有毛皮的小山羊皮革)。皮革可以通过任何常规的鞣革方法而鞣革，特别是植物、矿物、合成或组合的鞣革(例如铬鞣革、氧锆鞣革、铝鞣革或半-铬鞣革)。如果需要，也可以将皮革再鞣革；对于再鞣革，可以使用任何常规用于再鞣革的鞣革剂例如矿物、植物或合成鞣革剂，例如铬、氧锆或铝衍生物、白坚木、栗树或含羞草提取物、芳族合成质、聚氨酯、(甲基)丙烯酸化合物或三聚氰胺/、二氰基二酰胺/和/或脲/甲醛树脂的(共)聚合物。
合适的可压制基材的实例包括泡沫基材、用液体填充的聚合物囊、用空气和/或气体填充的聚合物囊、和/或用等离子体填充的聚合物囊。本文中使用的术语“泡沫基材”是指包括开孔泡沫和/或闭孔泡沫的聚合物材料或天然材料。本文中使用的术语“开孔泡沫”是指泡沫包括多个相互连接的空气室。本文中使用的术语“闭孔泡沫”是指泡沫包括一系列离散的闭孔。泡沫基材的实例包括聚苯乙烯泡沫、聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺泡沫、聚氯乙烯泡沫、聚氨酯泡沫、聚丙烯泡沫、聚乙烯泡沫和聚烯烃泡沫。聚烯烃泡沫的实例包括聚丙烯泡沫、聚乙烯泡沫和/或乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)泡沫。EVA泡沫可以包括平片材或板材或者模塑的EVA泡沫例如鞋底夹层。不同类型的EVA泡沫可以具有不同类型的表面孔隙率。模塑的EVA可以包括致密表面或“皮”，而平片材或板材可以表现出多孔表面。
一旦涂覆，可以通过辐射将本发明的组合物固化。因此例如如本领域那些技术人员已知的和描述于实施例中的那样，可以通过例如用紫外线、电子束射线辐射进行照射将本发明的组合物固化。在某些实施方案中，固化可以在少于1分钟内完成。
以下实施例解释本发明，这些实施例不被认为是将本发明限于它们的细节。实施例中以及贯穿说明书的所有份和百分比以重量计，除非另外说明。
实施例1
通过在搅动和搅拌下加入以g计重量的每一材料直到均匀来制备表I中所示的涂料。使用Accumet Research型号AR15 pH仪器测量pH。使用具有#52转子的Brookfield DV-II数字粘度计在77°F(25℃)和12rpm下测量粘度。最初和在120°F下将样品老化28天后测量粘度。表I
1得自Neo Resins的丙烯酸类乳液。2得自Neo Resins的丙烯酸类乳液。3得自Rhodia的非离子润湿剂。4得自Rhodia的阴离子表面活性剂。5得自Alberdingk-Boley的UV可交联分散体。6得自Cognis的聚氨酯水乳液。7得自Tego Chemie的聚醚硅氧烷乳液。8得自Degussa的无定形沉淀二氧化硅。9得自Degussa Goldschmidt的聚醚改性的硅氧烷。10得自Degussa Goldschmidt的聚醚聚硅氧烷。11得自Ciba Additives的光引发剂混合物。12得自Byk-Chemie的聚醚改性的硅氧烷。
| 组分 | 样品1 | 样品2 | 样品3 |
| NeoCryl A-6331 | 111.1 | 111.1 | |
| NeoCryl XK-2202 | 99.23 | ||
| 去离子水 | 15.53 | ||
| Igepal CO 4303 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.22 |
| Rhodapex CO 4364 | 0.38 | 0.38 | 0.37 |
| 二-三羟甲基丙烷四丙烯酸酯 | 22.86 | 22.86 | |
| 三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯 | 21.88 | ||
| Lux 4405 | 50.72 | 50.72 | 48.28 |
| 去离子水 | 21.41 | 21.41 | 19.99 |
| 2-丁氧基乙醇 | 5.12 | 5.12 | 5.00 |
| 去离子水 | 10.08 | 10.08 | |
| n-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| 二丙二醇单甲醚 | 2.00 | 2.00 | |
| DSX-15146 | 1.16 | 1.16 | 2.00 |
| Airex 9027 | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.74 |
| OK 5208 | 1.09 | 1.09 | 1.18 |
| Tego Glide 4409 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 0.64 |
| Foamex 82210 | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.25 |
| Irgacur 50011 | 2.58 | 2.58 | 2.50 |
| Byk 34812 | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.25 |
| 去离子水 | 14.22 | 14.22 | |
| n-乙基吗啉 | 2.2 | 4.30 | |
| 二甲基乙醇胺 | 1.00 | ||
| 去离子水 | 19.99 | ||
| 测试 | |||
| 初始pH | 8.21 | 8.26 | 8.64 |
| 初始粘度cps | 165 | 184 | 151 |
| 14天热老化粘度cps | 217 | 466 | 143 |
| 28天热老化粘度cps | 384 | 不符合规格 | 197 |
测试基材
在120°F下老化4星期后，在Leneta图上使用046钢丝缠绕的棒拉下样品3，在120°F下闪蒸15分钟并且使用可从WesternQuartz Products，Inc.获得的、使用Power Puck辐射计测量为1000mJ/cm2UVA的80W/cm中等压力汞UV固化灯(部件号码25-20008-E)使其UV固化。在化学沾污试验之后即刻所得的固化膜的染色标记示于表II中。表II
| 化学物质 | 染色 |
| 用芥末1小时沾污 | 轻微标记 |
| 用(于水中的50wt％异丙醇)24小时沾污 | 轻微标记 |
| 用浓柠檬汁24小时沾污 | 没有标记 |
本领域那些技术人员将理解的是可以对上述实施方案作出改变，只要不偏离本发明的广泛发明概念。因此理解的是本发明不限于披露的特定实施方案，而其意在覆盖处于由附属的权利要求限定的本发明的精神和范围内的改进。
Claims (14)
1.一种可辐射固化的水性涂料组合物，其包含：
(a)水分散性聚合物，其为酸值为5-50的羧酸官能的乙烯基聚合物；
(b)疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物，所述疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物每分子含有两个或更多个烯属不饱和位点；和
(c)中和剂，包含至少50wt％的pKa不超过9.5的单官能叔胺，基于组合物中全部的胺。
2.权利要求1的涂料组合物，其中所述组合物包含载液，该载液为至少80wt％水。
3.权利要求1的涂料组合物，其中基于涂料组合物的总重量，所述水分散性聚合物以5-50wt％的量存在于涂料组合物中。
4.权利要求1的涂料组合物，其中所述疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物每分子包含三个或更多个烯属不饱和位点。
5.权利要求3的涂料组合物，其中所述疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物包括三(甲基)丙烯酸三羟甲基丙烷酯。
6.权利要求1的涂料组合物，其中基于涂料组合物的总重量，所述疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物以2-30wt％的量存在于涂料组合物中。
7.权利要求1的涂料组合物，其中所述中和剂包括n-乙基吗啉。
8.权利要求1的涂料组合物，其中所述中和剂以足以将涂料组合物中和至7-9的pH的量存在。
9.权利要求1的涂料组合物，其中所述组合物在77°F下的初始粘度为100-300厘泊，和在77°F下的最终粘度为100-450厘泊。
10.权利要求1的涂料组合物，其中所述组合物当被中和至7-9的pH时在120°F下粘度稳定达至少28天。
11.权利要求10的涂料组合物，其中所述疏水多官能烯属不饱和化合物每分子包含三个或更多个烯属不饱和位点。
12.权利要求10的涂料组合物，其中所述中和剂包括n-乙基吗啉。
13.权利要求10的涂料组合物，其中所述中和剂以足以将涂料组合物中和至7-9的pH的量存在。
14.权利要求10的涂料组合物，其中所述组合物在77°F下的初始粘度为100-300厘泊，和在77°F下的最终粘度为100-450厘泊。
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| US20030175437A1 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-09-18 | Masuji Tsuda | Coating film forming method |
| EP1359173B1 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2005-07-06 | Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc. | Polymerizable solid compositions |
| CN100439443C (zh) * | 2002-05-31 | 2008-12-03 | 克雷·瓦利·艾伯利卡公司 | 双固化乳液 |
| US7728068B2 (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2010-06-01 | Valspar Sourcing, Inc. | Coating compositions containing reactive diluents and methods |
| EP1699839B1 (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2016-11-23 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Stain resistant urethane-vinyl aqueous coating compositions |
| US7438972B2 (en) | 2004-06-24 | 2008-10-21 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Nanoparticle coatings for flexible and/or drawable substrates |
-
2006
- 2006-11-21 US US11/562,069 patent/US8138262B2/en active Active
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2007
- 2007-11-07 PL PL07864024T patent/PL2091976T3/pl unknown
- 2007-11-07 PL PL12005942T patent/PL2527372T3/pl unknown
- 2007-11-07 CA CA2670055A patent/CA2670055C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-07 KR KR1020097012742A patent/KR101116435B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2007-11-07 EP EP07864024.0A patent/EP2091976B1/en active Active
- 2007-11-07 MY MYPI20092070A patent/MY145781A/en unknown
- 2007-11-07 CN CN200780046657XA patent/CN101563370B/zh active Active
- 2007-11-07 BR BRPI0717662-7A2A patent/BRPI0717662A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-11-07 EP EP12005942.3A patent/EP2527372B1/en active Active
- 2007-11-07 AU AU2007323973A patent/AU2007323973B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-11-07 NZ NZ577082A patent/NZ577082A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-11-07 WO PCT/US2007/083892 patent/WO2008063887A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-11-16 AR ARP070105113A patent/AR064255A1/es unknown
- 2007-11-20 TW TW096143969A patent/TWI424032B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-11-21 CL CL200703339A patent/CL2007003339A1/es unknown
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2009
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- 2009-12-30 HK HK09112299.4A patent/HK1135419A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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2012
- 2012-02-10 US US13/370,683 patent/US20120142818A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| EP0295944A2 (en) * | 1987-06-18 | 1988-12-21 | Napp Systems (Usa) Inc. | Photosensitive resin composition and printing plate prepared therefrom |
| CN1065076A (zh) * | 1987-12-17 | 1992-10-07 | B·F·谷德里奇公司 | 水分散的含羧基聚合物组合物 |
| US5045435A (en) * | 1988-11-25 | 1991-09-03 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Water-borne, alkali-developable, photoresist coating compositions and their preparation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MY145781A (en) | 2012-04-30 |
| AU2007323973A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
| US20120142818A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
| CN101563370A (zh) | 2009-10-21 |
| BRPI0717662A2 (pt) | 2014-02-25 |
| KR20090086601A (ko) | 2009-08-13 |
| US8138262B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 |
| WO2008063887A3 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
| PL2527372T3 (pl) | 2021-10-04 |
| KR101116435B1 (ko) | 2012-03-07 |
| EP2527372B1 (en) | 2021-05-26 |
| WO2008063887A2 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
| CL2007003339A1 (es) | 2008-07-04 |
| NZ577082A (en) | 2012-01-12 |
| EP2091976B1 (en) | 2021-05-05 |
| HK1135419A1 (en) | 2010-06-04 |
| TW200837158A (en) | 2008-09-16 |
| EP2091976A2 (en) | 2009-08-26 |
| EP2527372A1 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
| NO20092204L (no) | 2009-08-14 |
| US20080139708A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
| PL2091976T3 (pl) | 2021-08-16 |
| CA2670055C (en) | 2012-05-15 |
| AU2007323973B2 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
| CA2670055A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
| TWI424032B (zh) | 2014-01-21 |
| AR064255A1 (es) | 2009-03-25 |
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