CN101579767B - Anti-vacuum semi-solid states stirring soldering method of magnesium alloy and composite material thereof - Google Patents
Anti-vacuum semi-solid states stirring soldering method of magnesium alloy and composite material thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101579767B CN101579767B CN2009101040289A CN200910104028A CN101579767B CN 101579767 B CN101579767 B CN 101579767B CN 2009101040289 A CN2009101040289 A CN 2009101040289A CN 200910104028 A CN200910104028 A CN 200910104028A CN 101579767 B CN101579767 B CN 101579767B
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Abstract
The invention provides an anti-vacuum semi-solid states stirring soldering method of magnesium alloy and composite material thereof, which comprises the following steps of: a weldment taking the magnesium alloy or the composite material thereof as a parent metal is arranged and blocked on a welding platform and medium temperature brazing filler metal is put on two surfaces to be welded; the weldment is heated in the temperature of 380 to 430 DEG C to cause that the solid phase ratio of the brazing filler metal is between 50 to 80%; hereupon, a rotational sliding device is started; the rotary speed is 150 to 300 r/m; the temperature is constant; a stirring head is parallel to the longitudinal movement speed of 0.5-2cm/min of a welding line; when the stirring head moves to the terminal of the welding line, the rotational sliding stops; the holding time is 1 to 5 minutes so that the weldment is further dissolved; the rotational device is started again; the rotary speed is 20 to 150 r/m; the stirring head slides in a negative direction; the movement speed is 1 to 2 cm/min. When the stirring head moves to the initial end of the welding line, the rotary stops; the stirring head is lifted; the holding temperature is 5-30 minutes, and a furnace cools. The method can realize the low cost, high efficient, high quality welding of the magnesium alloy and the composite material thereof.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of magnesium alloy and composite welding method thereof.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy and composite thereof are the lightest structural materials in the present commercial Application, magnesium alloy and composite thereof not only have higher specific strength and specific stiffness, and have good heat dispersion, capability of electromagnetic shielding, damping performance and machining property, especially in aviation, automobile, electronics industry, have broad application prospects.Because it is lower that magnesium alloy has a fusing point, the interval characteristics such as wide of the extremely strong and crystallization temperature of oxidisability, oxidation easily, burning in the weld heating process, and be easy to generate crackle, pore, hole, slag inclusion and distortion etc., so the welding forming of magnesium alloy is one of current research focus.At present the welding of magnesium alloy and composite thereof mainly is the experimental study that concentrates on aspects such as electron beam, laser, TIG arc fusion welding and the weldering of agitating friction semisolid, and some welding method entered the practical stage, yet the research aspect soldering seldom.Because soldering has greater advantage for the welding of precise measure structural member, the soldering processes of therefore studying magnesium alloy and composite thereof are significant undoubtedly.In the brazing process of magnesium alloy and composite thereof, effective removal of the oxide-film of matrix surface is the key factor of magnesium alloy brazing success.The surface oxidation film thickness of magnesium alloy can reach hundreds of nanometers usually, the thickness of oxide-film can obviously thicken when brazing temperature, so seriously hindered brazing filler metal alloy the wetting of matrix surface and sprawling, finally caused the failure of brazing filler metal alloy and matrix alloy metallurgical binding.In traditional brazing process, adopt brazing flux to remove the oxide-film of matrix surface usually.Yet the use of brazing flux tends to joint and produces serious etching problem.
In addition, because the special construction characteristics of magnesium base composite material cause its weldability very poor, wild phase and matrix are the main difficult point of welding in the difference aspect physics and the chemical property.Because the weldering of soldering and instantaneous liquid phase can be controlled at welding temperature in the scope that matrix and wild phase do not react, the wild phase scaling loss that melting high temperature brings and the problem of interfacial reaction have been avoided, be considered to be suitable for the method for the welding of this kind material, the report about this respect research was also maximum both at home and abroad in recent years.
But, in above-mentioned connection technical process,, must clear up the weldment surface film oxide before the weldering in order to make the matrix of composite form metallurgical the connection with matrix with matrix or packing material, welding process must be carried out under vacuum environment, and relies on the newborn oxide-film of pressure distortion crusher surface.From the practical application angle, welding efficiency is low, the member slightly bigger for the size that adopts on the engineering or wall is thin, it almost is impossible implementing under vacuum condition, and therefore research is explored and can carry out the practical way that interconnection technique is such material engineering practical application under non-vacuum environment.In addition, in the transition liquid-phase connection and reaction soldering process of routine, crystallization process under isothermal solidification process and the free state often causes the passing that strengthens body in the weld seam, causes at last occurring strengthening the poly-district of skew in the joint and not having the enhancing phase region, has had a strong impact on the mechanical property of joint.Domestic and international many scholars attempt to improve by the method for selecting thin middle paper tinsel layer to control the liquid phase eutectic layer thickness that generates in the welding process poly-partially, and its difficult point is that welding process is had relatively high expectations to intermediate layer thickness and welding surface roughness; Also the someone adopts increases the method that strengthens the body particle size, reduce the poly-partially degree of particle, but, generally all pursue micron, sub-micron or even nano level particle and be equipped with composite as strengthening system from composite property, the requirement of this two aspect is conflicting, and is equally also infeasible.
The catenation principle that the present invention proposes as shown in Figure 1, in the semisolid connection procedure by apply the suitable stirring field of force make solid phase in the semi-solid alloy partly push, broken so that remove the oxide-film of welding surface, make in the semi-solid alloy liquid phase part and matrices of composite material that suitable diffusion dissolution takes place and strengthen simultaneously the composite material granular wetability, and by the enhancing body particle in the mechanical agitation homogenising weld seam, and stir refinement weld seam solid-phase grain particle is caught by existing solid liquid interface when solidifying, realize the equally distributed composite weld of enhancing body.
Remove oxide-film technology and compare with the Vibration Liquid Phase friction that has realized, the friction of rotation liquid phase; the semi-solid alloy solder of this welding process medium-high viscosity remains at welding surface; both the diffusion dissolution for solder and mother metal provided suitable concentration gradient; but also in whole welding process, protected welding surface not by secondary oxidation; the acquisition of pore-free and non-dendrite seam organization under the semisolid mechanical agitation connects simultaneously also is very outstanding characteristics of this technology.
The semisolid of existing no intermediate course connects technology, normally is heated to the solid-liquid interval of mother metal earlier, then welding surface is directly applied instantaneous pressure (Chinese patent: ZL200510040070.0) or apply that mixing power realizes connecting.Compare with above technology, this technology has following two outstanding features.One, the introducing of semisolid intermediate course can be carried out connection below the solidus temperature of mother metal, further reduced welding temperature, has also reduced the softening tendency of mother metal simultaneously.Its two, in connection procedure, only the semisolid solder layer is stirred, and mother metal does not have tangible deformation, can realize that the precision of mother metal connects.
Pressurize and finish the technology (Chinese patent: 00107491.1) compare that is connected with the existing semisolid intermediate layer of under vacuum condition, adding, improved dynamic striping ability in the connection procedure greatly owing to introduce the stirring process in this technology, reduce the strict demand of technology, can realize that finally the non-vacuum condition of material efficiently connects down face of weld and welding atmosphere.In addition, the applicant is 200610010098.4 " aluminium alloy and composite material non-vacuum semi-solid state vibration-rheological connection method thereof " in the patent No., proposes the mode by the vibration-rheological of semisolid solder, successfully the oxide-film of broken matrix surface.Yet further the result shows that periodic compression-stretching effect that vibration causes in the connection procedure makes weld seam produce pore easily, has greatly limited the raising of weld strength.The rectilinear motion that stirring-head only is parallel to weld seam in this technology does not have tangible lateral displacement, has avoided being involved in of air greatly, has improved the compactness of weld seam.Indulge the above, the semisolid interconnection technique that has above feature does not simultaneously see that both at home and abroad report is arranged.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy realization, magnesium alloy and composite material non-vacuum semi-solid state stirring brazing method thereof that welding procedure is improved.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of magnesium alloy and composite material non-vacuum semi-solid state stirring brazing method thereof, it carries out according to the following steps:
(1) will be that the weldment of mother metal is installed on the jig and at two welding surfaces and places intermediate temperature solder with magnesium alloy or its composite, the heating weldment, heating-up temperature is between 380-430 ℃, make described solder local melting, wherein the solder solid rate is between 50-80%, and promptly solder is in the solid-liquid coexisting state of high solid fraction;
(2) drive stirring-head by the rotational slide device immediately, the rotary speed of stirring-head is 150-300 rev/min, and temperature constant is constant in rotary course, allows stirring-head be parallel to the longitudinal sliding motion of weld seam, sliding speed 0.5-2cm/ minute simultaneously;
(3) slide into the weld seam terminal when stirring-head, the slip of stopping the rotation, temperature retention time further dissolved weldment at 1-5 minute;
(4) subsequently, start the rotational slide device once more and drive stirring-head, the rotary speed of stirring-head is 20-150 rev/min, and slides sliding speed 1-2cm/ minute in the other direction.When stirring-head slides into the weld seam initial end, stop the rotation, mention stirring-head, be incubated after 5-30 minute, cool off with stove.
Described solder can be a sheet, flat column, coating or be sprayed on coating on the welding surface in advance.
Described intermediate temperature solder is that Mg-Zn system or Mg-Zn-Al are a kind of in the intermediate temperature solder.
The shape of described weldment can be square column spare or plate.
Described rotational source is electrical rotating machine or mechanical rotary device.
Described mode of heating can be resistance-type heating or arc type heating.
The anti-vacuum semi-solid states stirring soldering method that the present invention proposes can be realized magnesium alloy and composite low cost thereof, efficient, high-quality welding, main advantage and the performance indications that reach following (referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3):
1, this method can and need not under the brazing flux condition in atmospheric environment, realizes the welding of magnesium alloy and composite thereof, and face of weld need not special cleaning, and welding interval is short, and efficient, cost is low, and joint is reliable, and engineering significance is comparatively desirable.
When 2, rotated the first time in welding process, the fragmentation of matrix surface oxide-film was that the solid-phase grain in the logical semisolid solder is finished the friction on mother metal surface, has solved such as oxide-film in soldering, the diffusion welding (DW) to be difficult to broken problem.
3, once postrotational intensification and insulation are further liquefied the semisolid solder layer and have been improved the diffusion of Zn in mother metal in the solder, thereby cause mother metal further to dissolve, and finally form the dissolving layer of certain width in mother metal one side.
When 4, rotate the second time in welding process, by stirring the rheology process, strengthen the composite material granular wetability, and by the enhancing body particle in the mechanical agitation homogenising weld seam, realize strengthening the equally distributed composite weld of body, finally help further having improved the performance of joint.
5, in whole connection procedure, only need the solder local melting, so welding temperature is low, below 450 ℃, avoided the softening of magnesium matrix burning and composite thereof, the adverse consequences that the mother metal fusing brings when having overcome melting, not good as moulding, wild phase segregation, wild phase/matrix adverse reaction etc.
6, be fit to the welding of accurate and big face of weld magnesium alloy and composite element thereof.
7, to have inherited the weldment size distortion of soldering little for this kind welding method, the advantage that welding temperature is low, and obtained high-intensity joint performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a magnesium alloy anti-vacuum semi-solid states stirring soldering principle schematic;
Fig. 2 is antivacuum semi-solid stirring brazing equipment schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is antivacuum semi-solid stirring brazing connection procedure schematic diagram.
Among the figure: 1 weldment, 2 solders, 3 resistance heaters, 4 jigs, 5 stirring-heads, 6 thermocouples, 7 rail mounted sliding platforms, 8 electric rotating machines, 9 electric machine supports, 10 argon gas
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with for a more detailed description to the present invention referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3:
Embodiment 1: magnesium alloy weldment 1 is installed on the jig 4, and places Mg-Zn intermediate temperature solder 2 at two welding surfaces, solder 2 can be sheet, flat column, coating or be sprayed on welding surface in advance.By resistance heater 3 heating weldments, heating-up temperature as 380 ℃, 400 ℃, 420 ℃, 430 ℃, makes solder 2 local meltings between 380-430 ℃.Start the rotational slide device immediately, driving stirring-head 5 by rail mounted sliding platform 7 moves, drive its rotation by the electric rotating machine 8 that is installed on the electric machine support 9, rotary speed is 150-300 rev/min, as 150 rev/mins, 180 rev/mins, 230 rev/mins, 280 rev/mins, 300 rev/mins, temperature constant is constant in rotary course, stirring-head 5 is parallel to the speed that vertically moves 0.5-2cm/ minute of weld seam, as 0.5cm/ minute, 1.0cm/ minute, 1.5cm/ minute, 2.0cm/ minute.When stirring-head 5 moves to the weld seam terminal, rotational slide stops, and temperature retention time 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, further dissolved weldment 1 at 1-5 minute.Subsequently, start the rotational slide device once more, rotary speed is 20-150 rev/min, and stirring-head 5 slides in the other direction, translational speed 1-2cm/ minute, and 1cm/ minute, 1.5cm/ minute, 2cm/ minute.When stirring-head 5 moves to the weld seam initial end, stop the rotation, mention stirring-head 5, be incubated after 5-30 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, cool off with stove.
Claims (7)
1. magnesium alloy and composite material non-vacuum semi-solid state stirring brazing method thereof is characterized in that it carries out according to the following steps:
(1) will be that the weldment of mother metal is installed on the jig and at two welding surfaces and places intermediate temperature solder with magnesium alloy or its composite, the heating weldment, heating-up temperature is between 380-430 ℃, make described intermediate temperature solder local melting, wherein the intermediate temperature solder solid rate is between 50-80%, and promptly intermediate temperature solder is in the solid-liquid coexisting state of high solid fraction;
(2) drive stirring-head by the rotational slide device immediately, the rotary speed of stirring-head is 150-300 rev/min, and temperature constant is constant in rotary course, allows stirring-head be parallel to the longitudinal sliding motion of weld seam, sliding speed 0.5-2cm/ minute simultaneously;
(3) slide into the weld seam terminal when stirring-head, the slip of stopping the rotation, temperature retention time further dissolved weldment at 1-5 minute;
(4) subsequently, start the rotational slide device once more and drive stirring-head, the rotary speed of stirring-head is 20-150 rev/min, and slides sliding speed 1-2cm/ minute in the other direction; When stirring-head slides into the weld seam initial end, stop the rotation, mention stirring-head, be incubated after 5-30 minute, cool off with stove.
2. magnesium alloy according to claim 1 and composite material non-vacuum semi-solid state stirring brazing method thereof is characterized in that: described intermediate temperature solder is sheet, flat column, coating or is sprayed on coating on the welding surface in advance.
3. magnesium alloy according to claim 1 and composite material non-vacuum semi-solid state stirring brazing method thereof is characterized in that: described intermediate temperature solder is that Mg-Zn system or Mg-Zn-Al are a kind of in the intermediate temperature solder.
4. magnesium alloy according to claim 1 and composite material non-vacuum semi-solid state stirring brazing method thereof is characterized in that: described weldment be shaped as square column spare or plate.
5. magnesium alloy according to claim 1 and composite material non-vacuum semi-solid state stirring brazing method thereof is characterized in that: the rotating power source of described stirring-head is electrical rotating machine or mechanical rotary device.
6. magnesium alloy according to claim 1 and composite material non-vacuum semi-solid state stirring brazing method thereof is characterized in that: the mode of heating to weldment is resistance-type heating or arc type heating.
7. according to any one described magnesium alloy and the composite material non-vacuum semi-solid state stirring brazing method thereof of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that:
Described step (3), temperature retention time further dissolved weldment at 1-2 minute;
Described step (4) starts whirligig once more and drives stirring-head, and rotary speed is 100-150 rev/min, and stirring-head slides in the other direction, sliding speed 1-1.5cm/ minute,, stop the rotation when stirring-head slides into the weld seam initial end, mention stirring-head, be incubated after 15-30 minute, cool off with stove.
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| CN2009101040289A CN101579767B (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2009-06-08 | Anti-vacuum semi-solid states stirring soldering method of magnesium alloy and composite material thereof |
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| CN2009101040289A CN101579767B (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2009-06-08 | Anti-vacuum semi-solid states stirring soldering method of magnesium alloy and composite material thereof |
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| CN101579767B true CN101579767B (en) | 2011-02-09 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101829845A (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2010-09-15 | 重庆大学 | Heating friction stir welding method |
| CN102284760B (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2013-01-23 | 重庆理工大学 | Non-vacuum semi-solid machine-assisted rotary soldering method for magnesium alloy and composite material thereof |
| CN102266995B (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2013-04-24 | 重庆理工大学 | Semi-solid mechanical assisted mixing and brazing device for aluminum alloy and composite material thereof |
| CN102581474A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2012-07-18 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Semi-solid friction stir welding method using fixed shaft shoulder and rotary large-diameter stirring pin |
| CN102794563A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-11-28 | 北京科技大学 | Stirring friction diffusion welding method used for connection of dissimilar materials |
| CN111151904B (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2021-07-23 | 重庆理工大学 | Dissimilar metal arc melting-brazing method based on gnawing cutting assistance |
| CN112719273B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-11-02 | 燕山大学 | Surface pretreatment and restoration rolling integrated device based on semi-solid slurry |
| CN113030166B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-09-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Measuring device for semi-solid rheological behavior of high-entropy alloy and using method thereof |
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| CN1167024A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1997-12-10 | 波音公司 | Improvement for friction agitating welding |
| CN1590004A (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-09 | 波音公司 | Method and sealant for joints |
| JP2009101422A (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2009-05-14 | Showa Denko Kk | Method for treating welding terminal of friction stir welding |
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Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5460317A (en) * | 1991-12-06 | 1995-10-24 | The Welding Institute | Friction welding |
| US5460317B1 (en) * | 1991-12-06 | 1997-12-09 | Welding Inst | Friction welding |
| CN1167024A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1997-12-10 | 波音公司 | Improvement for friction agitating welding |
| CN1590004A (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-09 | 波音公司 | Method and sealant for joints |
| JP2009101422A (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2009-05-14 | Showa Denko Kk | Method for treating welding terminal of friction stir welding |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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