CN101677412B - 电信连接机柜和用于连接电信机柜的方法 - Google Patents

电信连接机柜和用于连接电信机柜的方法 Download PDF

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CN101677412B
CN101677412B CN2009102058379A CN200910205837A CN101677412B CN 101677412 B CN101677412 B CN 101677412B CN 2009102058379 A CN2009102058379 A CN 2009102058379A CN 200910205837 A CN200910205837 A CN 200910205837A CN 101677412 B CN101677412 B CN 101677412B
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connector
optical fiber
fiber connector
housing
opening
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詹姆斯·J·苏黑尔德
丹尼尔·雷·默特斯多夫
马修尔·J·霍蒙伯格
特雷弗·D·史密斯
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Commscope Technologies LLC
Commscope Connectivity LLC
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    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
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    • G02B6/444Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
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    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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    • G02B6/3833Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
    • G02B6/3847Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture with means preventing fibre end damage, e.g. recessed fibre surfaces
    • G02B6/3849Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture with means preventing fibre end damage, e.g. recessed fibre surfaces using mechanical protective elements, e.g. caps, hoods, sealing membranes
    • GPHYSICS
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    • G02B6/3807Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3873Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls
    • G02B6/3874Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls using tubes, sleeves to align ferrules
    • G02B6/3878Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls using tubes, sleeves to align ferrules comprising a plurality of ferrules, branching and break-out means
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    • G02B6/38Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/389Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs characterised by the method of fastening connecting plugs and sockets, e.g. screw- or nut-lock, snap-in, bayonet type
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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    • G02B6/4439Auxiliary devices
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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    • G02B6/4439Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/444Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
    • G02B6/44528Patch-cords; Connector arrangements in the system or in the box
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2201/00Constructional details of selecting arrangements
    • H04Q2201/80Constructional details of selecting arrangements in specific systems
    • H04Q2201/804Constructional details of selecting arrangements in specific systems in optical transmission systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826Assembling or joining

Abstract

本发明提供一种电信连接机柜和一种用于连接所述电信机柜的方法。该电信连接机柜包括:机柜壳体,其用于出入所述壳体的内部的出入开口,并且还包括用于打开和关闭所述出入开口的门;活动连接区域,其位于所述机柜壳体的内部内,并且包括多个电信适配器,每个电信适配器设置成用于将两个光纤连接器联接在一起,使得在所述两个光纤连接器之间建立光互连;光纤分离器安装位置,其位于所述机柜壳体内;以及连接器存储区域,其位于所述机柜壳体内且与所述活动连接区域间隔开、并且限定设置成用于以可移除方式安装连接器保持器的多个开口。每个连接器保持器包括设置成容纳光纤连接器的开口,所述光纤连接器带着安装在所述光纤连接器的套圈上的防尘帽。

Description

电信连接机柜和用于连接电信机柜的方法
本申请是申请日为2004年6月18日、国家申请号为200480018908.X(国际申请号为PCT/US2004/019874)、发明名称为“光纤线缆配线架”的申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明大体上涉及电信连接机柜和用于连接电信机柜的方法。
背景技术
安装电信设备以满足一个特定客户的当前和潜在需求所需要安装的容量可能会大于客户的当前基本要求指定需要。可以安装额外的容量来允许简便地为新的和已有客户增加新的回路。一个具有如此额外的容量的电信连接机柜可以在制造工厂预先配置并在现场安装以拥有比为已有客户提供服务而实际所需回路更多的回路。在这些多余的或未来会扩展的回路连接到客户之前,希望在机柜内为接插线(patch cord)或其它连接线缆提供存储、组织和保护。
此类连接线缆可能包括端接有光纤连接器的光纤接插线。光纤连接器包含一般由套圈(ferrule)保持的抛光端面,所述套圈使得可以对由连接器保持的光纤进行定位以和另一条光纤或另一个光源接收和发送信号。希望使抛光端面尽可能避免污物以改善经过由连接器所保持光纤的光传输。所述污物可能对经由光纤的光传输产生不良影响,所述污物包括但不限于灰尘和指印。
连接器上可以设置防尘帽来保护光纤的抛光端面。然而,当装上所述防尘帽时,连接器不能容置于已知,例如不能容置在美国专利5,317,663和6,347,888中所述类型的光纤适配器中。在此引入这些专利所公开的内容以供参考。连接器在取下防尘帽时可插入这些已知的适配器内而存储起来,或对交叉连接点、互连点或其它某些类型的电信交换或连接设备进行预配线(pre-wiring)。尽管适配器可对插入到一个适配器中的单个连接器提供某种保护使之避开污物,但是这些适配器不能与防尘帽一样有效地保护抛光端面。
希望改善已知的方法和设备来保护位于电信设备中的光纤连接器的抛光端面。
发明内容
一种电信机柜,其包括以下部分:一个顶部、一个底板、一对相对的侧部、一个前壁和一个后壁,这些部分形成一个内部,从前面有一个用于进出所述内部的出入门。在所述内部安装有一个线缆管理结构、一个带有适配器的适配器安装板、以及安装在适配器安装板的开口内的光纤连接器保持器,所述适配器设置成光连接两条由光纤连接器端接的光纤线缆。所述连接器保持器有一个开口,该开口设置成容置带有防尘帽的光纤连接器并可从适配器安装板的前侧够到。一个光纤连接器包含一个带有抛光端面的套圈,所述套圈保持光纤的一端,且防尘帽环绕所述套圈和抛光端面设置,所述光纤连接器插入光纤连接器保持器的开口内。
一个电信连接机架带有一个机架安装结构、一个线缆管理结构、以及安装到该机架安装结构上的一个输出安装板和一个适配器安装板。所述适配器安装板包含多个尺寸适合容置并安装光纤适配器的适配器开口,用于光连接位于端接有光纤连接器的光纤线缆中的光纤,所述适配器安装板还包括多个安装在所述多个开口内的光纤适配器。一个光纤连接器保持器安装板安装到机架安装结构上且包含多个开口,这些开口的尺寸类似于适配器安装板中开口的尺寸,所述光纤连接器保持器安装板还包括安装在所述多个开口内的多个光纤连接器保持器。每一个光纤连接器保持器设置成容置一个带着防尘帽的光纤连接器,所述防尘帽环绕套圈的抛光端面设置,所述套圈保持一条光纤的端部。所述线缆管理结构设置成将光纤线缆从输出安装板导引到各个适配器安装板和线缆连接器保持器并存储多余长度的线缆。
一种连接电信服务线缆的方法,包含提供一种设备安装机架,该设备安装机架带有一个输出模块、一个适配器模块、以及安装在该设备安装机架上的一个连接器保持器模块和一个线缆管理结构。多股式光纤服务线缆(service cable)引导到所述输出模块。所述服务线缆的多股式光纤分成从该输出模块延伸的各个光纤接插线,各接插线的末端由光纤连接器端接。光纤连接器包含一个防尘帽,该防尘帽环绕抛光端面而放置。一条第一接插线从输出模块延伸进入线缆管理结构,使得第一接插线的连接器靠近一个安装在所述连接器保持器模块前部开口上的光纤连接器保持器。该第一接插线的光纤连接器未取下防尘帽就插入在所述连接器保持器中。从连接器保持器中取下该第一接插线的连接器。从抛光端面上取下防尘帽。在线缆管理结构内调整所述第一接插线,使得其连接器靠近一个安装在位于所述适配器模块前部开口上的光纤适配器。所述第一接插线的连接器插入到所述适配器,使得所述接插线的光纤与插入到所述适配器相对端内的第二连接器光连接。
附图说明
包括在本说明书中并构成本说明书一部分的附图示出了本发明的多个方面,并与详细描述一起用于解释本发明的原理。附图的简要说明如下:
图1为根据本发明的一个电信连接机柜的前视立体图,且打开机柜前部的出入门。
图2为图1中电信连接机柜的正视图,其中带有举例性的线缆通道。
图3为图1中电信连接机柜的正视图,且适配器和连接器保持器已取下。
图4为图3中电信连接机柜的后视图。
图5为图1中电信机柜的机架、模块和线缆管理结构从机柜上取下时的前视立体图。
图6为图5中机架、模块和线缆管理结构的后视立体图。
图7为图5中机架、模块和线缆管理结构的正视图。
图8为图5中机架、模块和线缆管理结构的后视图。
图9为用于图1中电信连接机柜的接合抽屉模块的前视立体图。
图10为用于图1所示电信连接机柜的接合抽屉模块的后视立体图。
图11为用于图1所示电信连接机柜的输出模块的前视立体图。
图12为用于图1所示电信连接机柜的输出模块的后视立体图。
图13为用于图1中电信连接机柜的分离器模块或适配器模块的机壳的前视立体图。
图14为用于图1中电信连接机柜的分离器模块或适配器模块的机壳的后视立体图。
图15为根据本发明的光纤连接器保持器的第一立体图。
图16为图15中的光纤连接器保持器的第二立体图。
图17为图15中的光纤连接器保持器的俯视图。
图18为图15中的光纤连接器保持器的仰视图。
图19为图15中的光纤连接器保持器的第一端视图。
图20为图15中的光纤连接器保持器的侧视图。
图21为图15中的光纤连接器保持器的第二相对端视图。
图22为一个光纤连接器保持器系统的第一立体图,该系统包含图15中的光纤连接器保持器,且一个光纤连接器插在该光纤连接器保持器内。
图23为图22中用于保持光纤连接器的所述系统的第二立体图。
图24为图22中用于保持光纤连接器的所述系统的俯视图。
图25为图22中用于保持光纤连接器的所述系统的侧视图。
图26为图22中用于保持光纤连接器的所述系统的端视图。
图27为图8中用于保持光纤连接器的所述系统的横截面视图,且沿图25中的A-A线剖开。
图28为图22中用于保持光纤连接器的所述系统的分解立体图。
图29为图15中的光纤连接器保持器的主外壳的立体图。
图30为图15中的光纤连接器保持器的内支架的第一立体图。
图31为图30中的内支架的第二立体图。
图32为图30中的内支架的俯视图。
图33为图30中的内支架的侧视图。
图34为图30中的内支架的第一端视图。
图35为图30中的内支架的第二端视图。
图36为图15中的光纤连接器保持器的盖板的第一立体图。
图37为图36中的盖板的第二立体图。
图38为图36中的盖板的俯视图。
图39为图36中的盖板的侧视图。
图40为图36中的盖板的仰视图。
图41为图36中的盖板的第一端视图。
图42为图36中的盖板的第二端视图。
图43为图29中的光纤连接器保持器的卡箍的立体图。
图44为图43中的卡箍的端视图。
图45为图43中的卡箍的侧视图。
图46为图43中的卡箍的仰视图。
图47为图15中的光纤连接器保持器的俯视图,该光纤连接器保持器插在隔板的一个开口内。
图48为隔板的立体图,所述隔板包含多个用于容置光纤连接器适配器的开口,并且其中一开口中插着图15中的光纤连接器保持器。
图49为图29中的光纤连接器的防尘帽的立体图。
图50为图49中的防尘帽的侧视图。
图51为图49中的防尘帽的端视图。
图52为图49中的防尘帽的横截面视图。
具体实施方式
现在将例示详细描述在附图中示例性地示出的本发明的多个方面。如果可能,在所有附图中相同的附图标记代表相同或相似的部件。
电信连接机柜,例如图1中所示的机柜10,用于组织或互联各种电信基础线缆。多股式的电信服务线缆,例如具有多根光纤的IFC或带状线缆,可用于电连接或光连接间隔较远的设备。所述服务线缆可以导入机柜10内,在机柜10中,该服务线缆可以连接到一个输出模块34并且分成各根光纤。所述这些股中的每一股可以连接到一条接插线46,该接插线46可以由光纤连接器端接。然后,接插线46的光纤连接器(诸如下面所描述的连接器200)可以插入到一个适配器50的前部内,所述适配器50安装至机柜10中的适配器模块36。
适配器模块36还可包含一个分离器(spliter),该分离器将来自多达32根单独的接插线46的信号组合至单根光纤线缆内。如图所示,有4个带有分离器的适配器模块36。如图所示,机柜10可有多达4条光纤用以承载多达128条接插线46的信号。这些多达4条的光纤线缆连接到安装在机柜10内的接合模块(splice module)32。这些多达4条的线缆可在接合抽屉32内接合,用于将所述信号传送到其它下游电信设备。
对于接插线48而言,期望其连接到用于连接下游电信设备的回路,但这不是必需的,这些接插线布设成不连接到连接器保持器模块37。端接接插线48的连接器200连接到一个连接器保持器110。这些接插线48可选地不连接到任何下游设备并存储在连接器保持器110内,并受到保护而免于受损或者弄脏,直到需要时才使用。
现在参照图1和2,机柜10包括一个机壳12,该机壳12具有一个顶部24、相对两侧部26、一个前壁22和一个底板20。如下图4所示,后壁23与顶部、侧部、前壁和底板配合,以将安装在机壳12中的设备封闭在内部13内。侧部26包含通气开口28,该开口28受到保护,防止雨、雪和灰尘进入内部13。前壁22包含一个前部出入开口16以允许够到安装在内部13中的设备的前部。门14铰接到开口16的一侧,并关闭开口16,以在关闭时封住内部13中的部件。底板20上的线缆入口18允许多股式电信服务线缆进入内部13,并且客户线缆从接合托盘处穿出内部13。尽管图1中示出只有一个开口18,都是可以根据进出机柜10的线缆的尺寸和数量而在底板20上设置更多的开口。
多个电信设备和支承结构安装在内部13中。如下文将要描述的,内部13包含一个机架安装结构,电信设备安装到该结构上。内部13中的设备包括接合模块32、输出模块24、多个适配器模块36和多个连接器保持器模块37。与所述设备相邻地安装有多个线缆存储卷轴30和弯曲半径保护器42。存储卷轴30和半径保护器42配合,以在安装到内部13中的各种电信设备的前方之间导引线缆。
在内部13中,适配器模块36和连接器保持器模块37包括一个模块机壳,所述模块将在下文描述。模块36和37的各个机壳安装到在机柜10的内部机架安装结构内。多个适配器模块36一起组成工作连接堆叠38,并且多个连接器保持器模块37一起组成存储堆叠40。输出模块34安装到活动连接堆叠38的下方,因为服务线缆从下方穿过开口18进入机柜10。如图所示,机柜10还导引客户线缆穿过底板20,因此接合模块32位于活动连接和存储区域下方。如果服务和/或客户线缆穿过一个贯穿或邻接顶部24的开口进入机柜10,那么输出模块34和接合模块32可位于活动连接和存储区域的上方。
现在还参照图3和图4,机柜10设置成前部出入式机柜,而且未提供从后壁23进入的结构。在操作现场,技术人员只需从前部开口16操作安装在机柜10中的设备,从而连接或断开一个特定客户的回路。不同设备之间的位于内部13中设备后面的所有连接是不容易够到的,并且期望在机柜10离开制造厂之前已经预配置并连接好。可选地,若期望有此类出入口,后壁23可设计成带有一个出入门。
模块34、36和37包括相对于前壁22倾斜的正面,用于改善线缆在线缆管理结构(包括存储卷轴30和半径保护器42)和适配器50以及连接器保持器110之间的定位。
如图3和4中所示,连接器保持器110、适配器50和位于模块36及37中的任一分离器已取下。各个模块36和37的模块机壳56可以相同,并将在下文中进一步描述。如图1和2所示,在七个连接器保持器模块37中的每一个模块包含32个连接器保持器。如图所示,这提供了总计224个连接器200的存储容量。
如图所示的输出模块34包含十八个线缆分接器(breakout)54。每个线缆分接器54允许将服务线缆或服务线缆的子单元分成最多12根光纤。这为输出模块34提供了最大容量,来接收多达十八条服务线缆或服务线缆子单元,并且从这些服务线缆分出多达216条接插线46和48。这允许存储区域40中的连接器保持器用于最大数量的接插线46和48中的每条接插线,所述接插线可从输出模块34伸出。
接插线46和48可由光纤连接器端接,例如由下图22至28中示出的连接器200端接。这些线缆中的光纤可端接于由连接器200中的套圈202所保持的抛光端面,这是本领域技术人员所公知的,并在美国专利5,317,663中公开,该专利在此引入以供参考。这些抛光端面和套圈202需要存储并保护起来,直到需要用于连接到其它光纤线缆或光信号设备。
通常,一个防尘帽204可套在光纤的抛光端面和套圈202上,以保护所述抛光端面使之免受灰尘、指印或其它可能降低光信号传输性能的物体的污染。尽管已知将这些存储在已知的光纤适配器中,直到所连接线缆中的光纤需要连接到其它光纤线缆或光信号设备,但这种存储不太理想,因为适配器没有像防尘帽204一样密封所述抛光端面使之免遭污染,所述防尘帽204可靠地配合并保持在连接器200的套圈202周围。如果防尘帽204仍然围绕线缆的抛光端面和套圈202放置就位,已知的适配器不允许插入带着该防尘帽204的连接器200。
现在参照图15和16,连接器保持器110包含一个形成一个内腔114的主外壳112。一个开口端118允许连接器200插入内腔114中,而对侧开口116允许防尘帽204从连接器保持器10伸出。一个卡箍120环绕主外壳112放置并包含一对弹性安装夹片122。一对凸缘124邻近弹性夹片122并从主外壳112的相对两侧126延伸。如下图所示,夹片122和凸缘124相配合以如图所示将保持器10可释放地安装在隔板上的一个开口内。
主外壳112还包括一个底部130,底部130带有键槽128以容置连接器200的键形延伸部分,而使连接器200以一致的方向插入内腔114中。与底部130相对的是一个开放顶部,其由一块盖板132盖住。下图26中更详细地显示相关细节。图17至21为连接器保持器110的其它视图。
现在参照图22至27,示出了连接器100带有位于内腔118内的连接器200。当连接器200插入并穿过开口端114时,防尘帽204从连接器保持器110的开口116伸出。
现在参照图27和28,连接器保持器110还包含一个内支架134,内支架134带有一对相对的可释放式的卡钩136和一个尺寸适合容置防尘帽204的开口138。内支架134穿过开放顶部140而放置在主外壳112内,开放顶部140的开口138靠近开口116,并且卡钩136靠近开口端114。接着,盖板132放置在开放顶部140上并且卡箍120环绕盖板132和主外壳112设置。盖板132可用胶接、超声焊接或其它各种已知的紧固技术密封在开放顶部140内。连接器200包含一对相对的凹槽206,凹槽206用于在连接器200插入保持器110时容置卡钩136。
如图所示,连接器200和保持器110为SC型。连接器200和保持器110可遵循其它类型或制式的电子连接器或适配器而不会偏离本发明的精神。
现在参照图29,主外壳112还包含沿着内腔114两侧的槽142,所述槽142用于在内腔114内容纳及放置内支架134的突出部分。沿侧面126设置一凹陷区域144以容置卡箍120。开放顶部140包含一凸缘146,盖板132设置在凸缘146上以关闭内腔114。一外部隔板168形成开口116的一部分。一内部隔板145与外部隔板168隔开放置并且这些隔板相互配合而形成槽142。在隔板145与168之间是形成所述槽142底部的定位面143。
现在参照图30至35,内支架134包含一对从横梁150延伸的卡臂148。用于容置连接器200的防尘帽204的开口138位于横梁150上。卡钩136位于卡臂148与横梁150相对的端部处。横梁150包含一对容置于主外壳112的槽142内的凸缘152。如图32所示,卡钩136包含一个斜面部分154,当连接器200穿过连接器保持器110的开口端118而插入到内腔114中时,该斜面部分154由连接器200接合。卡臂148向外倾斜允许连接器200穿过卡钩136。当连接器200完全插入内腔114后(如图27所示),卡钩136容置于凹槽206内,并且每个卡钩136的保持表面156将连接器200保持在内腔114内。
内支架134设置成允许以两个取向中的任意一个插入主外壳112内腔114的槽142中。横梁150的一对边缘166将内支架相对于盖板132和主外壳112正确地定位在内腔114内,从而校准开口138以容置防尘帽204。
现在参照图36至42,盖板132包含一个沿着外部表面168用于容置卡箍120的凹陷区域158。在外部表面168上还有一个用于容置标贴的凹陷区域172。沿着内部表面170形成的一对边缘164设置成容置在主外壳112的凸缘146上。外部凸缘160从内部表面170延伸,且与主外壳112内的隔板168相配合形成开口116。还有一内部凸缘162从内部表面170伸出,且与凸缘160间隔开而形成槽163。槽163与主外壳112的槽142配合以容置内支架134的凸缘152。
在槽163顶部处的是定位面161,定位面161与内支架134的一个边缘166配合而将内支架134定位在内腔114中,使得内支架134的开口138与开口116对齐。当组装成连接器保持器110时,主外壳112的定位面143及盖板132的定位面161相配合而接合内支架134的两边缘166。主外壳112的槽142和盖板132的槽163配合以卡住内支架134的凸缘152。
现在参照图43至46,卡箍120包含一横梁174和一对相对的侧部176。在侧部176上形成有弹性夹片122。侧部176容置于主外壳112的凹陷区域144内,并且横梁174容置于盖板132的凹陷区域158内。可以设想,卡箍120由弹性可变形的金属制成以方便从隔板的开口插入或取下。弹性夹片122各包含一个端部178和一个斜面180。
图47和48示出插入在隔板182的开口184之内的光纤连接器保持器110。隔板182可以是诸如安装板之类的电信交换设备零部件的一个部分,隔板182用于在多根光纤之间或在连接器保持器模块37中形成多个连接,如图48所示,该隔板包含多个用于适配器的开口84。可选地,在只需要单个光纤连接器保持器110的场合,隔板182可只包含单个开口184。
连接器保持器110的开口端118穿过开口184插入,直到开口184的一对侧面186与弹性夹片122的斜面180接合。继续插入连接器保持器110将使得隔板侧面186向内朝着侧面126压下弹性夹片122。最终,隔板侧面186将穿过弹性夹片122的端部178。接着,弹性夹片122将弹回,如图48所示,从而将隔板侧面186卡在端部178和凸缘124之间。通过压下弹性夹片122并以与上述插入时相反的方向取下,可以将连接器保持器110从开口184取下。
可选地,凸缘124可设置成包含一紧固件开口,从而,连接器保持器110能由可拆卸的紧固件安装在开口184内。
可以想象,用于安装适配器和连接器保持器的开口184可包含在滑动式适配器组件中,如本申请人为共同拥有人的美国专利5,497,444中所述。该专利所公开的内容在此引入以供参考。
现在参照图49至52,防尘帽204包含一中央开口208,该开口208用于在套圈202穿过开口端210时容置套圈202。与开口端210相对的是封闭端212,封闭端212包含滚花214,从而可更好地抓牢防尘帽204便于取下。中央开口208绕套圈202而与之配合,以绕套圈提供一个密封并将防尘帽保持到连接器200。当插入套圈202时(如图27),由于减少了中央开口208内的空气体积,一个或多个螺旋形凹槽216沿内壁218设置在中央开口208内。凹槽216从封闭端212附近一直延伸到开口端210。凹槽216足够小能防止有害污物进入,并且,当套圈202插入时,还允许中央开口208内的空气排出,从而防尘帽204能够完全密封连接器200。当防尘帽204从套圈202取下时,凹槽216还允许空气进入中央开口208。每个凹槽216的形状还设计成当防尘帽204从套圈202上取下或放置在套圈202上时,允许空气进出中央开口208,同时禁止污物沿相同通道进出。
现在参照图5至8,示出了不带机壳12的机柜10。与机壳12的侧部26相邻的一对竖直支承件51和52为安装在机柜10中的设备提供安装位置。一线缆管理安装板58安装在竖直支承件51上,并且多个存储卷轴30安装到安装板58上。与安装板58相邻的各个模块机壳56上安装有弯曲半径保护器42,弯曲半径保护器42为从存储卷轴30延伸到模块36或37的线缆46和48提供弯曲半径保护。
一线缆夹60安装到输出模块34的后部,用于在服务线缆穿过底板20的开口18进入机柜10之后固定服务线缆。服务线缆、服务线缆的子单元或更小的光纤束可从线缆夹60开始穿过后部开口62进入输出模块34。在安装到安装板58的存储卷轴30之外,另一个存储卷轴30安装到输出模块34的前部,用于提供半径保护功能并将接插线46和48从线缆分接器54导引到安装板58的线缆存储卷轴30以及模块36、37的半径保护器42。
现在参照图9和10,接合模块32包含一可滑动地安装在机壳66内的接合抽屉64。接合模块机壳66包含一对安装凸缘72和74,安装凸缘72和74用于将接合模块32安装到安装板58和竖直支承件52上。抽屉64上有一个锁住抽屉的闩销68,用于防止有害地或意外地操作接合模块32中的接头。设置一后部开口70以允许线缆从模块36进入机壳66并在抽屉64内连接。
现在参照图11和12,输出模块34包含一个正面(front face),正面上安装十八个线缆分接器54。输出模块34还包含一个用于安装到安装板58上的凸缘72和一个用于安装到竖直支承件52上的凸缘74。
现在参照图13和14,模块机壳56为适配器模块36和连接器保持器模块37提供基本外壳。机壳56包括一个带四个开口84的正面84。开口84的尺寸和构造设置成可以容置多达八个的适配器50或连接器保持器110,从而总共可以容纳三十二条接插线46或48。这些适配器50或连接器保持器110可由保持器夹保持在开口84内,例如由本申请人为共同拥有人的美国专利5,214,735所公开的保持器夹来保持,在此引入该专利所公开的内容以供参考。模块机壳56还定义了一个内部空间86,在侧壁78上有一个线缆出口80。当模块机壳56用于适配器模块36时,安装在开口84内的每个适配器50可以有一个连接器200插在后壁上,该连接器200将与插入到前侧的接插线46的连接器200光连接。后面的这些连接器200可以端接光纤线缆,从而光纤线缆可延伸穿过线缆出口80。
可选地,适配器模块36可包含一个位于内部空间86内的分离器。接着,连接到各适配器50后部的连接器200将与该分离器光连接。从一个给定的模块36中的各个适配器50来的信号由该分离器组合至单根光纤线缆内,然后该该光纤线缆可以从线缆出口80穿出模块36,并到达接合模块32的后部开口70。在接合模块32内,每个承载来自于连接到模块36的多达32个适配器的接插线46的组合信号的线缆可以接合到另一条线缆,用于将信号分配到下游的设备或用户。
如图所示,机柜10设计成只从正面进出,因为后壁23上没有提供出入开口。可以设想采用其它配置的机壳12用于机柜10,该配置可为内部13提供另外的出入口。一种优选的在机柜10内连接光纤服务线缆的方法减少了对安装在机壳12内设备的后部进行操作的需要。
为了将服务线缆连接在机柜10内,所述服务线缆通过底板20的开口18进入机柜10。将该服务线缆导引到位于安装在竖直支承件51、52上的设备以及后壁23之间的空间内,然后用线缆夹60夹到输出模块34的后部。在线缆夹60处,线缆可分成子单元并被导引穿过开口62进入输出模块34的内部61。在内部61中,线缆的子单元进一步分成导引到线缆分接器54的单个光纤,在此处所述光纤穿出内部61,并且优选地,接到(up-jacketed to)由连接器200端接的标准接插线46或48。期望接插线46和48为标准尺寸的接插线,例如1.7mm、2.0mm或其它适合在机柜10内布设的尺寸。
接插线46和48从分接器54处导引到安装在输出模块34上的存储卷轴30,并导引到安装在安装板58上的存储卷轴30。接插线46和48从这些存储卷轴穿过半径保护器42以及分别插在适配器50和连接器保持器100中的连接器200。如上所述,接插线46通过适配器模块36的内部86中的适配器50和可能的分离器而光连接到接合模块32,然后连接到下游设备。如上所述,接插线48存储在连接器保持器110以用于未来的使用,其上带有防尘帽104以保护抛光端面使之免于受损或弄脏。
当一根存储或待用接插线48需要连接到下游设备时,例如当一个新的客户请求服务或一个已有的客户需要扩展业务时,所需的待用接插线48从连接器保持器110上取下。从连接器200的套圈202上取下防尘帽104,从安装到安装板58的存储卷轴30上部分地取下接插线48。接着该接插线重新布设,使得其连接器200靠近用于连接到下游设备的所需适配器50。此时,先前的待用接插线48已变成一工作接插线46,并插入合适的适配器50内。当客户或其它下游设备不再需要先前所要求的回路时,通过反过来进行以上过程,可将一工作接插线46转换为一待用接插线48。
通过如上所述地配置机柜10,在操作现场,技术人员只需要通过出入开口16从前部对所述机柜进行操作将可为新客户或已有客户连接一条回路或者断开一条回路。
上述说明、例子和数据提供对包含本发明的各组成部分的制造和使用提供了完整说明。由于在本发明的精神和范围内而可得到本发明的多种实现方式,所以本发明的保护范围由附带的权利要求来限定。

Claims (21)

1.一种电信连接机柜(10),包括:
机柜壳体(12),所述机柜壳体包括用于出入所述壳体的内部(13)的出入开口(16),所述机柜壳体还包括用于打开和关闭所述出入开口的门(14);
活动连接区域,所述活动连接区域位于所述机柜壳体的内部内,所述活动连接区域包括多个电信适配器(50),每个电信适配器设置成用于将两个光纤连接器联接在一起,使得在所述两个光纤连接器之间建立光互连;
光纤分离器安装位置,所述光纤分离器安装位置位于所述机柜壳体内;以及
连接器存储区域,所述连接器存储区域位于所述机柜壳体内,所述连接器存储区域与所述活动连接区域间隔开,所述连接器存储区域限定多个开口,所述开口设置成用于以可移除方式安装连接器保持器(110),其中,每个连接器保持器包括开口(18),所述开口设置成容纳光纤连接器(200),所述光纤连接器(200)带着安装在所述光纤连接器的套圈(202)上的防尘帽(204)。
2.如权利要求1所述的电信连接机柜(10),其中,所述两个光纤连接器(200)中的第一光纤连接器在第一端处包括第一套圈(202),所述第一套圈(202)设置成用于容纳第一防尘帽(204)。
3.如权利要求2所述的电信连接机柜(10),其中,所述第一光纤连接器的第一套圈(202)和第一防尘帽(204)容纳在所述连接器保持器(110)中的一个连接器保持器的开口中。
4.如权利要求3所述的电信连接机柜(10),其中,每个连接器保持器(110)在所述保持器的一侧包括所述开口,并且,所述保持器的相反侧设置成不能够与任何光纤连接器(200)配接。
5.如权利要求2所述的电信连接机柜(10),其中,当所述第一光纤连接器(200)由所述连接器保持器(110)中的一个连接器保持器保持时,所述第一光纤连接器(200)的第二端从所述连接器保持器(110)中的一个连接器保持器的前侧沿向前方向向外突出。
6.如权利要求1所述的电信连接机柜(10),进一步包括安装在所述机柜壳体(12)的内部内的隔板,所述隔板包括尺寸设置为配合所述电信适配器(50)的开口、以及尺寸设置为配合所述连接器保持器(110)的开口,其中,尺寸设置为配合所述连接器保持器(110)的所述开口与尺寸设置为配合所述电信适配器(50)的所述开口具有相同的轮廓。
7.如权利要求1所述的电信连接机柜(10),其中,所述两个光纤连接器中的第一光纤连接器(200)的套圈(202)限定有纵向轴线,并且,当所述第一光纤连接器(200)由所述连接器保持器(110)保持时所述纵向轴线是水平的。
8.如权利要求1所述的电信连接机柜(10),其中,每个连接器保持器(110)包括:
主壳体(112),所述主壳体限定顶部、底部、一对相对的侧部以及具有开口端(118)的腔(114),所述开口端的尺寸设置为容纳所述光纤连接器中的第一光纤连接器,所述第一光纤连接器带着安装在所述第一光纤连接器(200)的套圈(202)上的防尘帽;
内壳体(134),所述内壳体设置在所述主壳体(112)内并包括防尘帽开口,所述防尘帽开口的尺寸设置为在所述第一光纤连接器(200)容纳在所述主壳体的开口端中时容纳所述防尘帽(204);
所述内壳体包括可释放卡钩,所述可释放卡钩以可释放方式闩锁至所述第一光纤连接器(200)上并以可释放方式将所述第一光纤连接器(200)保持在所述主壳体的开口端(118)内。
9.如权利要求8所述的电信连接机柜(10),进一步包括安装在所述机柜壳体(12)的内部内的隔板,其中,外夹片(120)配合在每个连接器保持器(110)的主壳体的周围,所述外夹片(120)包括夹片(122),所述夹片(122)沿着所述主壳体的其中一个侧部定位,用于接合限定在所述隔板中的开口,以将所述连接器保持器(110)紧固至所述隔板。
10.如权利要求8所述的电信连接机柜(10),其中,所述内壳体(134)包括一对可释放卡钩(136),当所述第一光纤连接器(200)容纳在所述主壳体(112)的开口端(118)中时,所述可释放卡钩以可释放方式接合沿着所述第一光纤连接器(200)延伸的凹槽(206)。
11.如权利要求8所述的电信连接机柜(10),其中,每个连接器保持器(110)的主壳体包括开放顶部和盖(132),所述开放顶部的尺寸设置为允许所述连接器保持器(110)的内壳体(134)插在所述腔(114)内,而所述盖的尺寸设置为配合在所述开放顶部内并关闭所述开放顶部。
12.如权利要求11所述的电信连接机柜(10),其中,所述盖(132)是与所述主壳体(112)分离的分离件,并且在所述开放顶部内附接至所述主壳体(112),以将所述内壳体(134)保持在所述腔(114)内。
13.一种用于连接如权利要求1所述的电信连接机柜(10)的方法,包括:
在不从所述两个光纤连接器(200)中的第一光纤连接器取下防尘帽(204)的情况下,将所述第一光纤连接器(200)插入所述连接器保持器(110)中的一个连接器保持器中;
从所述连接器保持器(110)摘下所述第一光纤连接器(200);
从所述第一光纤连接器(200)取下所述防尘帽(204);并且
将所述第一光纤连接器(200)插入所述电信适配器(50)中的一个中,以将所述第一光纤连接器(200)光连接至所述两个光纤连接器中的、插在所述电信适配器(50)的相反端中的第二光纤连接器。
14.如权利要求13所述的用于连接所述电信连接机柜(10)的方法,其中,所述方法进一步包括在线缆管理结构内调整与所述第一光纤连接器(200)端接的线缆,所述线缆管理结构布置在所述机柜壳体(12)内。
15.如权利要求13所述的用于连接所述电信连接机柜(10)的方法,其中,所述方法进一步包括:在所述连接器存储区域中从所分配的开口中的一个开口取下所述连接器保持器(110),并将电信适配器(50)安装在所述开口中。
16.一种电信连接机柜,包括:
壳体,所述壳体包括用于出入所述壳体的内部的出入开口,所述壳体还包括用于打开和关闭所述出入开口的至少一个门;
端接区域,所述端接区域位于所述壳体的内部内,所述端接区域包括多个电信适配器,每个电信适配器设置成用于将两个光纤连接器联接在一起,使得在所述两个光纤连接器之间建立光互连;
光纤分离器安装位置,所述光纤分离器安装位置位于所述壳体内;
连接器存储区域,所述连接器存储区域位于所述壳体内,所述连接器存储区域包括第一连接器保持器;以及
第一光纤连接器,所述第一光纤连接器由所述第一连接器保持器保持于所述连接器存储区域,每个光纤连接器包括套圈、防尘帽和抓持壳体,其中,当所述第一光纤连接器保持于所述第一连接器保持器时,所述防尘帽可靠地配合并保持在所述第一光纤连接器的套圈的周围,所述防尘帽包括与开口端相对的封闭端并限定容纳所述第一光纤连接器的套圈的开口,以绕着所述套圈提供密封并将所述防尘帽保持到所述第一光纤连接器;并且,当所述第一光纤连接器存储于所述连接器存储区域时,所述抓持壳体的至少一部分由所述第一连接器保持器保持。
17.一种电信连接机柜,包括:
壳体,所述壳体包括用于出入所述壳体的内部的出入开口,所述壳体还包括用于打开和关闭所述出入开口的至少一个门;
端接区域,所述端接区域位于所述壳体的内部内,所述端接区域包括多个电信适配器,每个电信适配器设置成用于将两个光纤连接器联接在一起,使得在所述两个光纤连接器之间建立光互连;
光纤分离器安装位置,所述光纤分离器安装位置位于所述壳体内;
连接器存储区域,所述连接器存储区域位于所述壳体内,所述连接器存储区域包括多个连接器保持器,所述连接器保持器设置成用于保持光纤连接器,每个连接器保持器具有在所述连接器保持器容纳所述光纤连接器中的一个时发生倾斜的至少一部分;以及
多个光纤连接器,所述光纤连接器由所述连接器保持器保持于所述连接器存储区域,每个光纤连接器包括套圈和防尘帽,当相应的所述光纤连接器保持于所述连接器保持器中的一个时,所述防尘帽可靠地配合并保持在所述套圈的周围,每个防尘帽包括与开口端相对的封闭端并限定容纳相应的所述光纤连接器的套圈的开口,以绕着所述套圈提供密封并将所述防尘帽保持到所述光纤连接器。
18.一种电信连接机柜,包括:
壳体,所述壳体包括用于出入所述壳体的内部的出入开口,所述壳体还包括用于打开和关闭所述出入开口的至少一个门;
端接区域,所述端接区域位于所述壳体的内部内,所述端接区域包括多个电信适配器,每个电信适配器设置成用于将两个光纤连接器联接在一起,使得在所述两个光纤连接器之间建立光互连;
光纤分离器安装位置,所述光纤分离器安装位置位于所述壳体内;
连接器存储区域,所述连接器存储区域位于所述壳体内,所述连接器存储区域包括第一连接器保持器;以及
第一光纤连接器,所述第一光纤连接器由所述第一连接器保持器保持于所述连接器存储区域,所述第一光纤连接器包括套圈和防尘帽,所述套圈限定有纵向轴线,而所述防尘帽在所述第一光纤连接器保持于所述第一连接器保持器时可靠地配合并保持在所述套圈的周围,所述防尘帽包括与开口端相对的封闭端并限定容纳所述套圈的开口,以绕着所述套圈提供密封并将所述防尘帽保持到所述第一光纤连接器,当所述第一光纤连接器由所述第一连接器保持器保持于所述连接器存储区域时,所述套圈的纵向轴线非竖直地延伸。
19.如权利要求18所述的电信连接机柜,其中,所述第一连接器保持器的弹性部分包括外夹片。
20.一种电信连接机柜,包括:
壳体,所述壳体包括用于出入所述壳体的内部的出入开口,所述壳体还包括用于打开和关闭所述出入开口的至少一个门;
端接区域,所述端接区域位于所述壳体的内部内,所述端接区域包括多个电信适配器,每个电信适配器设置成用于将两个光纤连接器联接在一起,使得在所述两个光纤连接器之间建立光互连;
光纤分离器安装位置,所述光纤分离器安装位置位于所述壳体内;
连接器存储区域,所述连接器存储区域位于所述壳体内,所述连接器存储区域包括板,多个存储部件能够安装至所述板;
第一存储部件,所述第一存储部件在所述连接器存储区域处安装至所述板,所述第一存储部件包括弹性部分,所述弹性部分卡扣配合到所述板,以将所述第一存储部件安装至所述板;以及
第一光纤连接器,所述第一光纤连接器由所述第一存储部件保持于所述连接器存储区域,所述第一光纤连接器包括套圈和防尘帽,所述防尘帽在所述第一光纤连接器保持于所述第一存储部件时可靠地配合并保持在所述套圈的周围,所述防尘帽包括与开口端相对的封闭端并限定容纳所述第一光纤连接器的套圈的开口,以绕着所述套圈提供密封并将所述防尘帽保持到所述第一光纤连接器。
21.如权利要求20所述的电信连接机柜,其中,所述第一存储部件的弹性部分包括外夹片,所述外夹片包括横梁和弹性夹片,所述弹性夹片形成于所述横梁的任一侧。
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