CN101840029A - Integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer - Google Patents
Integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101840029A CN101840029A CN 201010162323 CN201010162323A CN101840029A CN 101840029 A CN101840029 A CN 101840029A CN 201010162323 CN201010162323 CN 201010162323 CN 201010162323 A CN201010162323 A CN 201010162323A CN 101840029 A CN101840029 A CN 101840029A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. A reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer unit adopts a cascade adjustable double microring resonator as a basic unit and comprises a plurality of cascade adjustable double microring resonators, wherein each cascade adjustable double microring resonator comprises two straight waveguides which are not crossed and two disc waveguides with different radiuses; the two disc waveguides are positioned between the two straight waveguides and keep preset coupling distances with the two straight waveguides; and a preset coupling distance is also kept between the two disc waveguides. In the invention, mature process techniques are used, so the element has a compact structure and has high expandability and stability; a method of cascading double rings with different radiuses is used to expand a free spectrum range (FSR), so the number of channels is increased and the information throughput of the element is increased; the stability of the element is improved by using the filter characteristic of a double ring flat top; the resonance wavelength can be adjusted dynamically by using the thermo-optic effect to adjust microrings; and thus, the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer if formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (Reconfigurable OpticalAdd/Drop Multiplexer, ROADM), especially, this reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer is by realizing at a bigger less adjustable micro-ring resonator (MRR) of the two-dimentional on every side a series of radiuses of arranging of adjustable micro-ring resonator (MRR) of radius.
Background technology
It is the information age of core with the network that 21 century is one, and along with rapid development of science and technology, the transinformation explosion type of communication field increases progressively, and common electric signal network has been difficult to satisfy increasing sharply of transinformation.The optical information transmission network provides strong technical support as the basic network of information transmission for the development of information age, is subjected to scientific research personnel's extensive concern in recent years, and has obtained significant progress, for very big contribution has been made in the scientific-technical progress of society.Optical-fiber network is to provide on the basis of high capacity, long distance, highly reliable transmission medium at optical fiber, utilizes photon and electron controls technology to realize the interconnected and flexible dispatching of multinode network.Optical-fiber network has big bandwidth, high capacity, characteristics such as highly reliable.The bandwidth of an optical fiber potentiality have further been excavated in the appearance of wavelength-division multiplex (WDM) technology, have increased the transmission capacity of optical fiber greatly, and this networking for photosphere provides strong guarantee, has promoted the transmission capacity of optical-fiber network rapidly.
The Optical Transmission Network OTN (OTN) that ITU-T proposes is realized networking by optical cross-connection equipment (OXC) and Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (OADM), the optical-fiber network that formation has high degree of flexibility, the transparency and survivability with wavelength granularity in return.Especially since the nineties in last century, along with developing rapidly of Fibre Optical Communication Technology, many scholars have proposed the notion of " all-optical network ", be that signal passes whole network with the form of light, directly in the light territory, carry out transmission, regeneration and the exchange of signal, the dreamboat of arbitrary format signal to reach the transparency of full light transmission, is realized at any time, anywhere, transmitted in the centre without any opto-electronic conversion.All-Optical Communication Network based on wavelength-division multiplex can make communication network possess stronger manageability, dirigibility and the transparency.
The development of novel optical-fiber network has proposed the requirement of upgrading to optoelectronic device.At first, common carrier will be paid close attention to dirigibility, stability and the extensibility of optical-fiber network, more to cut operating costs and to tackle fast-changing market environment when promoting the optical-fiber network capacity.On device level, development tunable devices, multi-functional integrated light shutter device and the monitoring device of network performance will be the foundation stones that makes up ASON (Automatically Switched Optical Network).Optical add-drop multiplexer (OADM) is as the nucleus equipment of all-optical network and more and more be subject to people's attention.
Developing rapidly of optical-fiber network also had higher requirement to traditional optical add-drop multiplexer (OADM):
1) optical-fiber network develops towards the direction of dirigibility and extensibility, thereby requires optical add-drop multiplexer not only can have the wavelength dynamic restructuring, and can utilize software that network is carried out Long-distance Control to support the requirement of Wavelength reservation and network recovery.Obviously, traditional optical add-drop multiplexer (OADM) can't satisfy the function of wavelength dynamic restructuring, promptly be difficult to satisfy the requirement of network development, and reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) can other exchange of wavelength level between road up and down of finishing optical channel on the node and optical channel, and by the ROADM subsystem of software in can remote control network, thereby realize the configuration and the adjustment of road wavelength up and down, make network have dynamic restructuring and self-healing function, if adopt module with wavelength conversion ability, can also realize the open network structure, make network have wavelength compatibility and service transparency.
2) optical-fiber network develops towards high speed, high capacity direction, thereby the requirement of optical add-drop multiplexer transmission capacity is also improved greatly.The method that generalized case increases the ROADM transmission capacity has two kinds: a can increase the transmission capacity of ROADM by the capacity that increases individual channel for the fixing number of channel; B can increase the transmission capacity of ROADM by increasing the number of channel for fixing channel capacity.We mainly take second method promptly to increase the transmission capacity that the number of channel increases ROADM.For a specific system, channel spacing is certain according to the regulation of International Telecommunication Union, the communication system of 100GHZ for example, and channel spacing is 0.8nm.For for the ROADM of micro-ring resonator, the free general scope (FSR) of little ring must cover whole range of channels, so for for the ROADM of micro-ring resonator, improve free general scope (FSR) that transmission capacity can be by increasing little ring thus the increase number of channel realizes.This shows that the free general scope (FSR) of taking certain measure to expand little ring seems particularly important.This programme adopts the way of the different dicyclo of cascade radius to expand free general scope (FSR).
3) optical-fiber network towards on a large scale, at a high speed, the development of high capacity direction, the reliability of communication system is had higher requirement.For for the ROADM of micro-ring resonator, the filtering characteristic of the long-range navigation thatch type of monocycle is difficult to satisfy the requirement of reliability of communication system, and for example: the resonance wavelength of supposing little ring is λ
0And the wavelength of real work and λ
0Have a very little deviation, the wavelength of real work just can accurately not carry up and down like this, so the filtering characteristic of the long-range navigation thatch type of monocycle just is difficult to satisfy the requirement of system reliability.Because very little wave length shift just causes the mistake of data transmission probably.This shows that for high stability communication system, the filtering characteristic of the flat-head type of cascade dicyclo uniqueness has very big advantage.It can allow wave length shift among a small circle.This programme is exactly to adopt the flat-top filtering characteristic of cascade dicyclo uniqueness to improve the stability of communication system.
The material aspect: silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology is a silicon integrated circuit technology, because its technology is simple relatively, characteristics such as reliability height, cost are cheap relatively, in microelectronic industry, be widely adopted, developed into comparatively ripe microelectronic process engineering at present.Therefore, for silicon microelectronics compatibility, silicon based photon is learned also with SOI as main research platform.Become the research focus in silica-based integrated optics field in recent years based on the silicon nanowires waveguiding structure of SOI technology.The compact conformation of silicon nanowires waveguide, sectional dimension is hundred nanometer scale, and bending radius can be as small as micron dimension, and this has reduced the area of device greatly.Improvement along with technology and structure, the loss of nano wire waveguide constantly reduces, and though the report of at present lossy nano wire waveguide less than 3dB/cm is should value relatively large, but the device area that is based on the nano wire waveguide is very little, so the loss of device integral body and little.Have characteristics such as functional, compact conformation and functional configuration be flexible based on the micro-ring resonator structure of silicon nanowires waveguide.
The reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer that the present invention proposes uses the micro-ring resonator structure based on the silica-based nanowire waveguide to realize.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, the integrated level height, extensibility is strong, and be convenient to electricity component integrated, can utilize software that network is carried out Long-distance Control, make network have dynamic restructuring and self-healing function, utilize the different dicyclo of cascade radius the filter construction broadening wave filter free general scope (FSR) thus can increase the number of channel of ROADM, increase the transmission capacity of optical add-drop multiplexer greatly and can realize the filtering characteristic of top flat type, improved stability of network.The entire device structure waveguide do not occur and intersects, thereby avoided the loss and the cross-interference issue that cause because of crossing waveguide, improved the communication efficiency of device greatly, and entire device only needs 17 micro-ring resonators just can realize ten six tunnel well behaved ROADM, the filter cell that each road all is made up of different two little ring of radius and mutual Uncrossed waveguide, thus the flat characteristic of filter cell and bigger free general scope guaranteed.
(2) technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, this reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer unit adopts cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonator as elementary cell, include a plurality of cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonators, wherein each cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonator includes two mutual Uncrossed straight wave guides and two disc waveguides that radius is different, these two disc waveguides are between two straight wave guides, and and between two straight wave guides a predetermined coupling distance is arranged, and between two disc waveguides a predetermined coupling distance is arranged also.
In the such scheme, the bigger disc waveguide of this a plurality of shared radius of cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonator, the disc waveguide that this radius is bigger is equivalent to the main line of each channel, each channel all is to be made of radius different big disc waveguide and little disc waveguide, thereby realize the cascade dicyclo unique flat-top filtering characteristic, broadening the free general scope of device.
In the such scheme, the radius of described big disc waveguide is much larger than the radius of little disc waveguide, can be in the more little disc waveguide of arranging of the peripheral two dimension of big disc waveguide, thus increase the number of channel.
In the such scheme, this cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonator is the tunable micro-ring resonator by hot optical modulation.
In the such scheme, this reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer is based on the two micro-ring resonators of adjustable cascade of mutual not crossing waveguide structure and constitutes, channel spacing when the radius by designing big disc waveguide and the way of thermal tuning are set to device work with the free general scope of big disc waveguide is supposed wavelength X like this
1Satisfy the condition of resonance of big disc waveguide, then wavelength is λ
2=λ
1+ FSR, λ
3=λ
1+ 2FSR ... λ
n=λ
1The light signal of+nFSR also satisfies the condition of resonance of big disc waveguide, so as long as make the little disc waveguide in a certain road satisfy λ by thermal tuning
1, λ
2=λ
1+ FSR, λ
3=λ
1+ 2FSR ... λ
n=λ
1A resonance wavelength the among+nFSR, then the flashlight of this wavelength just can be downloaded on this path channels, do not satisfy straight-through that the flashlight of little disc waveguide condition of resonance will have no effect, so just can realize that going up of required light signal in the optical network node download and do not influence the transmission of other light signals by the mode of integrated optics.
In the such scheme, this reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer is made of the cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonator of 16 parallel arranged, multi-wavelength signals light from single-mode fiber is imported at input end, respectively the uploading end and download the light signal road up and down arbitrarily that end realizes carrying the specific wavelength of local service of device, and do not influence the transmission of other flashlights.
In the such scheme, the micro-ring resonator that described radius is bigger is shared by the filter cell of 16 parallel arranged, and, determine its free general scope by designing its radius size, and its free general scope is used as the channel spacing of device.
In the such scheme, the specific implementation process of described cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonator is: input end comprises wavelength X by carrying
1, λ
2=λ
1+ FSR, λ
3=λ
1+ 2FSR ... λ
n=λ
1The single-mode fiber of the multi-wavelength signals of+nFSR carries out the signal input, and FSR is the free general scope of big ring, and it is tuning to utilize thermo-optic effect that the less micro-ring resonator of radius in the filter cell is carried out, and makes the corresponding resonance wavelength of each resonator element
i, wherein, i=1,2 ..., 16, thereby upload end and download end can on download the resonance wavelength of a correspondence
iIf the resonance wavelength of first resonator element correspondence is λ
1, then can download that optical wavelength is λ in the main line downloading end
1Flashlight, simultaneously can to upload the wavelength that carries local information be λ uploading end
1Flashlight; Like this first filter cell promptly first channel to finish wavelength be λ
1The road up and down of flashlight; Also have same function for 15 other channels, on the local network node place just can be simultaneously, download the flashlight of 16 road different wave lengths like this, thereby finish the multiplexing function of slotting branch of 16 tunnel different light signals.
(3) beneficial effect
From technique scheme as can be seen, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer provided by the invention utilizes ripe and the SOI technology CMOS process compatible, makes that the device entire area is little, and is low in energy consumption, the good stability of device, and information throughput is big, is convenient to electricity component integrated; Utilize the characteristic of the wavelength dynamic reconfigurable of device to carry out Long-distance Control, make network have dynamic reconfigurable and self-healing function, thereby reduced the operation and the maintenance cost of network network.The free general scope (FSR) that adopted the different dicyclo filter construction broadening of cascade radius thus can increase the number of channel of device, the increase of the number of channel can increase the information throughput of device greatly.Utilize the flat-top filtering characteristic of the uniqueness that dicyclo has to improve the stability of device greatly, and, entire device does not have any waveguide and intersects, thereby loss and the cross-interference issue of having avoided crossing waveguide to cause, and entire device only needs 17 little rings, compare with the general ROADM with identical performance, little number of rings of its use significantly reduces, thereby makes entire device compact more.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the filter construction of the two micro-ring resonators of parallel cascade;
Fig. 2 is integrated 16 road reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer structure synoptic diagram based on the two micro-ring resonators of cascade of mutual not crossing waveguide.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer that the present invention proposes be based on can be integrated the micro-ring resonator structure, be fit to realize, as SOI, SiN and III-V family material with various material.This reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer is to utilize the method for learning based on the integrated photon of silicon-based micro ring resonator to realize that than other implementations, advantage of the present invention is: utilize ripe SOI technology, component compact, low in energy consumption, device stability is good, is convenient to electricity component integrated; Utilize the characteristic of the wavelength dynamic reconfigurable of device to carry out Long-distance Control, thereby make network have operation and maintenance cost that dynamic reconfigurable and self-healing function have reduced network network.The free general scope (FSR) that adopted cascade dicyclo filter construction broadening thus can increase the number of channel of device, the increase of the number of channel can increase the information throughput of device greatly.Utilize the flat-top filtering characteristic of the uniqueness that dicyclo has to improve the stability of device greatly.For integrated photon is learned, consume of waveguide intersection and cross-interference issue are problems that is difficult to avoid, no any crossing waveguide occurs in the entire device and this device architecture that we propose makes through design cleverly, thereby avoided intersecting the consume bring and crosstalking because of waveguide, this also is the unique distinction of this device architecture.
Fig. 1 is the filter construction of the two micro-ring resonators of parallel cascade.Port I is an input end, and port T is straight-through end, and port D is for downloading end, and port A is for uploading end, and supposes that the resonance wavelength of two little rings all is λ
1, the free general scope (FSR) of big ring is defined as 0.8nm through the way of radial design and thermal tuning.Comprise λ in the input end input
1, λ
2=λ
1+ FSR, λ
3=λ
1+ 2FSR ... λ
n=λ
1The multi-wavelength signals of+nFSR (FSR is the free general scope of big ring) then has wavelength in big ring be λ
1, λ
2λ
nFlashlight resonance within it, than for the circlet, have only λ for radius
1Satisfy condition of resonance, so wavelength is λ
1Flashlight download port D by under the road, the flashlight of other wavelength that does not satisfy condition of resonance is in straight-through port T output, can upload at last load port A that to satisfy condition of resonance, carry the local signal wavelength be λ
1Flashlight.This filter construction can be from network up and down the required flashlight in road finish light and insert and divide a multiplexing function, thereby and can utilize the refractive index of the tuning little little ring of thermo-optic effect to change the resonance wavelength of little little ring, download λ thereby can go up
1, λ
2λ
nIn the arbitrarily flashlight of wavelength, i.e. resonance wavelength dynamic reconfigurable.And its whole filter structure waveguide do not occur and intersects, thereby has avoided intersecting the loss that brings and crosstalking because of waveguide.
The 16 road reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer structure synoptic diagram of Fig. 2 for forming by Fig. 1 structural unit parallel cascade.Port I is an input end, and port T is straight-through end, port D
1, D
2D
16For downloading end, port A
1, A
2A
16For uploading end.Suppose that comprising wavelength in the input end input is λ
1, λ
2=λ
1+ FSR, λ
3=λ
1+ 2FSR ... λ
16=λ
1Multi-wavelength signals light and the wavelength X of+16FSR (the free general scope of the big ring of FSR)
1, λ
2λ
16Reference numeral is 1,2 respectively ... the resonance wavelength of 16 filter cell is then at download port D
1, D
2D
16Can download wavelength respectively is λ
1, λ
2λ
16Flashlight, at last load port A
1, A
2A
16Can upload the wavelength that carries local information respectively is λ
1, λ
2λ
16Flashlight.For the flashlight of other wavelength that do not satisfy condition of resonance will have no effect in straight-through end T output, and its, thereby can change the operation wavelength of a certain channel by the less little ring of the tuning radius of the way of thermal tuning.So far, this device light of having finished 16 tunnel wavelength signals insert to divide multiplexing.
A kind of integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer provided by the invention can be with different material, and principle is directly perceived, realize simple, good stability, information throughput is big.All little rings all adopt identical design and processes flow process, the less resonance wavelength of micro-ring resonator under the situation that does not add thermal tuning of radius is identical in each filter cell, and we can change the resonance wavelength of little micro-ring resonator by the way of thermal tuning to satisfy the local needs of downloading wavelength optical signals of going up.
So far, we with reference to description of drawings the present invention realize a kind of principle of integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer.Need to prove; the related description of instantiation wherein, manufacturing materials and Tuning mechanism only is in order to illustrate the need of principle; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, it is characterized in that, this reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer unit adopts cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonator as elementary cell, include a plurality of cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonators, wherein each cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonator includes two mutual Uncrossed straight wave guides and two disc waveguides that radius is different, these two disc waveguides are between two straight wave guides, and and between two straight wave guides a predetermined coupling distance is arranged, and between two disc waveguides a predetermined coupling distance is arranged also.
2. integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the bigger disc waveguide of this a plurality of shared radius of cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonator, the disc waveguide that this radius is bigger is equivalent to the main line of each channel, each channel all is to be made of radius different big disc waveguide and little disc waveguide, thereby realize the cascade dicyclo unique flat-top filtering characteristic, broadening the free general scope of device.
3. integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the radius of described big disc waveguide is much larger than the radius of little disc waveguide, can be in the more little disc waveguide of arranging of the peripheral two dimension of big disc waveguide, thus increase the number of channel.
4. integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonator is the tunable micro-ring resonator by hot optical modulation.
5. integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer is based on the two micro-ring resonators of adjustable cascade of mutual not crossing waveguide structure and constitutes, channel spacing when the radius by designing big disc waveguide and the way of thermal tuning are set to device work with the free general scope of big disc waveguide, hypothesis wavelength X 1 satisfies the condition of resonance of big disc waveguide like this, and then wavelength is λ
2=λ
1+ FSR, λ
3=λ
1+ 2FSR ... λ
n=λ
1The light signal of+nFSR also satisfies the condition of resonance of big disc waveguide, so as long as make the little disc waveguide in a certain road satisfy λ by thermal tuning
1, λ
2=λ
1+ FSR, λ
3=λ
1+ 2FSR ... λ
n=λ
1A resonance wavelength the among+nFSR, then the flashlight of this wavelength just can be downloaded on this path channels, do not satisfy straight-through that the flashlight of little disc waveguide condition of resonance will have no effect, so just can realize that going up of required light signal in the optical network node download and do not influence the transmission of other light signals by the mode of integrated optics.
6. integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer is made of the cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonator of 16 parallel arranged, multi-wavelength signals light from single-mode fiber is imported at input end, respectively the uploading end and download the light signal road up and down arbitrarily that end realizes carrying the specific wavelength of local service of device, and do not influence the transmission of other flashlights.
7. integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the micro-ring resonator that described radius is bigger is shared by the filter cell of 16 parallel arranged, and, determine its free general scope by designing its radius size, and its free general scope is used as the channel spacing of device.
8. integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the specific implementation process of described cascade adjustable double micro-ring resonator is:
Input end comprises wavelength X by carrying
1, λ
2=λ
1+ FSR, λ
3=λ
1+ 2FSR ... λ
n=λ
1The single-mode fiber of the multi-wavelength signals of+nFSR carries out the signal input, and FSR is the free general scope of big ring, and it is tuning to utilize thermo-optic effect that the less micro-ring resonator of radius in the filter cell is carried out, and makes the corresponding resonance wavelength of each resonator element
i, wherein, i=1,2 ..., 16, thereby upload end and download end can on download the resonance wavelength of a correspondence
iIf the resonance wavelength of first resonator element correspondence is λ
1, then can download that optical wavelength is λ in the main line downloading end
1Flashlight, simultaneously can to upload the wavelength that carries local information be λ uploading end
1Flashlight; Like this first filter cell promptly first channel to finish wavelength be λ
1The road up and down of flashlight; Also have same function for 15 other channels, on the local network node place just can be simultaneously, download the flashlight of 16 road different wave lengths like this, thereby finish the multiplexing function of slotting branch of 16 tunnel different light signals.
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