CN102068236A - Line-scanning confocal ophthalmoscope system based on laser diffraction and method - Google Patents
Line-scanning confocal ophthalmoscope system based on laser diffraction and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a line-scanning confocal ophthalmoscope system based on laser diffraction and a method. The system comprises a linear beam generation module, a beam-splitting module, a scanning module, an imaging module and an output module. The invention is characterized in that: the intensity of the linear beam generated by the line-scanning confocal ophthalmoscope system is uniformly distributed in a non-Gaussian form, a scanning galvanometer is adopted to scan the linear beam in a one-dimensional space to illuminate an ocular fundus retina, meanwhile, a linear detector is used for imaging the non-scanning linear beam reflected by the ocular fundus retina, and since the system only uses one scanning galvanometer and one linear detector, the number of the moving parts is less; meanwhile, a confocal slit is conjugated with the ocular fundus retina plane, consequently, the affection of the stay light of the non-retina plane on the imaging quality is eliminated, and thereby the high resolution of the confocal imaging principle. The system has the advantages of good linear beam quality, simple system structure, easy manufacturing, short light path, easy adjustment, small size, applicability, high stability and high imaging frame frequency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to confocal imaging system and method in a kind of optical imaging field, the confocal ophthalmoscope system and method for particularly a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction can be widely used in biomedical ophthalmologic examination.
Background technology
The successful Application of cofocus scanning technology aspect imaging broken through the bottleneck of traditional optical imaging, can obtain high-resolution imaging, promoted the development of optical imagery detection technique.Scholars have carried out big quantity research to this technology in recent years, have realized multiple cofocus scanning imaging device.
The optical principle of cofocus scanning technology as shown in Figure 1, scanned samples is in the focal plane position of illumination objective lens, guarantee that simultaneously detector is in the focal plane position of image-forming objective lens, promptly be in the conjugate position that objective lens corresponds to each other, whole view field imaging is realized by scanning, can not enter detector image-forming for the veiling glare on the non-focal plane of scanned samples (shown in the dotted line light beam), thereby obtain the high-resolution imaging of scanned samples.
At present, in the product that adopts the cofocus scanning principle, be example with the laser cofocus scanning ophthalmoscope, this system adopts LASER Light Source LD illumination, and laser beam forms point source through illumination pin hole FO, and the every bit on the eye retina is scanned.Illuminated point on the retina, in detecting pinhole CP place's imaging, illumination pin hole FO and detecting pinhole CP are conjugated with respect to the focal plane of object lens CL, point outside the retina focal plane can be in the imaging of detecting pinhole place, the confocal images that obtains like this is amphiblestroid optics transverse section, realized high flat resolution, its concrete structure as shown in Figure 2.This spot scan confocal imaging technology, imaging effect is good, but himself has a lot of defectives: (1) optical path component is many, the light path complexity, system structure is big, uses inconvenience, should not be extensive use of; (2) need two galvanometers of horizontal sweep HS and vertical scanning VS simultaneously, movable part is many, and is wayward; (3) the luminous point energy of spot scan is small, need to use photomultiplier tube PMT or other weak spot detector, and the picture contrast that obtains is low, and frame frequency speed little (＜30fps), thereby cause the retina shake image of I picture to eliminate; (4) adopt spot scan to the optical fundus retina image-forming, need mydriasis to observe usually, and require the person of being observed to have the good ability of looking of consolidating, these are all very difficult for ophthalmic diseases patient, old man and child.These defectives have all limited its application, have particularly hindered it and have been directly used in the inspection of ophthalmic diseases.
Be directed to the many disadvantages of spot scan mode, R.Daniel Ferguson etc. has proposed a kind of method of line sweep laser ophthalmoscope, sees patent " Line-scan laser ophthalmoscope " R.Daniel Ferguson, PatentNo:US 7,284,859B2, Oct.23,2007.The device sketch map that this patent is announced as shown in Figure 3, this device adopts 202 illuminations of laser point light source, the outgoing divergent beams of point source are through behind the cylindrical lens 204 and 206, form the Line beam of certain width and length, pass through rotary prism 208 then with its deflection outgoing, this Line beam is scanned galvanometer 210 deflection scannings, through objective lens 212,214 and 216 focus on optical fundus retina 222, the imaging beam that is reflected by retina 222 is from the pupil outgoing, through objective lens 212, after 214 and 216 transmissions, be scanned galvanometer 210 synchronous reflections to rotary prism 208, rotary prism 208 turn 90 degrees imaging beam with the outgoing of incident beam vertical separation partially and arrives diaphragm 224, diaphragm 224 and human eye pupil position conjugation, can eliminate the influence of non-conjugated veiling glare of pupil, then focused on imaging on the line array CCD by image-forming objective lens 226 from the imaging beam of diaphragm 224 outgoing, line array CCD and optical fundus retina position conjugate have been realized the high-resolution imaging of " standard " confocal principle.Whole system is seen shown in Figure 3, and dotted line is depicted as incident beam, and solid line is depicted as the imaging beam of retinal reflex.
This device adopts the one dimension line sweep to the optical fundus retina image-forming, compares and adopt the confocal laser ophthalmoscope of spot scan to have many advantages: (1) adopts Line beam illumination optical fundus, only uses a scanning galvanometer, and the movable part number is few, and system structure is little; (2) imaging beam still is a wire, adopts the line array CCD imaging, and the imaging beam energy is big, the picture contrast height that obtains, and frame frequency is big, and shake significantly reduces in the retina frame; (3) adopt Line beam illumination optical fundus, the ability of looking is not admittedly had strict demand.This device has been realized the high-resolution purpose of " standard " confocal imaging, but still there are a lot of defectives in self: (1) adopts the laser point light illumination, and light source is regulated complicated, and the beam energy skewness, is Gauss distribution; (2) for the divergent beams of point source, the Line beam generating apparatus is made up of two cylindrical lenses, and Line beam generating apparatus complex structure is regulated difficulty, and the ray beam quality that generates is bad; (3) Line beam is generated by cylindrical lens, and its Energy distribution is inhomogeneous, is Gauss distribution, and Line beam repeatedly focuses on and disperses in propagate arriving the process on optical fundus, and ray beam quality is poor; (4) scanning light beam that arrives human eye is just being given the incident beam that arrives scanning galvanometer, and incident beam is turn 90 degrees laggard line scanning partially by galvanometer, and the scan mode complexity is not easy control, and precision is low etc.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems: overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, provide a kind of line sweep confocal ophthalmoscope system and method based on laser diffraction, it is even to have the Line beam Energy distribution, optical path component is few, system structure is little, the one-dimensional scanning mode is simple, and advantage such as control accuracy is high and speed is fast, and imaging frame frequency is big.
Technical solution of the present invention: the confocal ophthalmoscope of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction system comprises: Line beam generation module, spectral module, scan module;
The Line beam generation module links to each other with spectral module, is used for the divergent beams of point source are generated the one dimension Line beam, is made of point source, collimator apparatus and Line beam converting means; The divergent beams that point source sends are by collimator and extender device collimation back output collimated light beam, and the Line beam converting means is transformed to one dimension linear light bunch with this collimated light beam and sends into spectral module; Described Line beam converting means is made up of the grating and first cylindrical lens, the axle of the grating diffration direction and first cylindrical lens is vertical mutually, the position of the grating and first cylindrical lens can exchange, effect is the same, grating is diffracted into the diffraction spot that space one dimension direction distributes with the collimated light beam of point source outgoing, cylindrical lens suitably stretches described diffraction spot on this direction, overlaps to form Line beam; Described collimator apparatus is formed or is made up of optical fiber collimator by standard 4f lens combination, filtering pin hole and collimating lens, and the divergent beams of point source are transformed to collimated light beam through described standard 4f lens combination, filtering pin hole and collimating lens successively;
Spectral module is beam split plain film or Amici prism, be used for an one dimension Line beam part that the Line beam generation module is produced directly transmission arrive scan module and will carry out deflection and shine and reach the picture module from the imaging beam of scan module reflected back;
Scan module, the Line beam that is used to utilize the direct outgoing of spectral module to human eye optical fundus retina scan illumination and to from the imaging beam synchronous reflection of optical fundus retinal reflex to spectral module; Constitute by scanning galvanometer and illumination objective lens, the one dimension Line beam of the direct outgoing of spectral module scans illumination optical fundus retina through described scanning galvanometer and illumination objective lens group by scanning galvanometer successively, and the imaging beam that returns from the optical fundus retinal reflex arrives spectral module through illumination objective lens group and scanning galvanometer synchronous reflection successively;
Image-forming module is made of image-forming objective lens, second cylindrical lens, confocal slit and line detector, is used for converting the imaging beam light intensity signal of spectral module deflection outgoing to the signal of telecommunication, and is transferred to output module; The imaging beam of spectral module deflection outgoing passes through image-forming objective lens, second cylindrical lens and confocal slit, receiving track detector successively; Described confocal slit and optical fundus retinal plane conjugation;
Output module is made of image pick-up card and outut device, and image pick-up card becomes picture signal with the electrical signal conversion of image-forming module output, and exports by outut device.
The confocal ophthalmoscope method of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction, performing step is as follows:
Step 3, scan module scans illumination by scanning galvanometer and illumination objective lens to human eye optical fundus retina with the Line beam of the direct outgoing of spectral module, and will be from the imaging beam synchronous reflection of optical fundus retinal reflex to spectral module;
Described step 1 comprises:
Step 91, collimator apparatus is collimated light beam with the divergent beams collimation that point source produces; Described collimator apparatus is formed or is made up of optical fiber collimator by standard 4f lens combination, filtering pin hole and collimating lens, is used for the divergent beams collimation of point source is collimated light beam;
Step 92, the Line beam converting means is transformed to the one dimension Line beam with described collimated light beam.
Described step 92 comprises:
Step 101, grating forms the diffraction spot that space one dimension direction distributes with incident collimated light beam diffraction;
Step 102, cylindrical lens is made described diffraction spot suitably to stretch on this direction, overlap to form Line beam.
Described step 5 comprises:
Step 111, image-forming objective lens and cylindrical lens are focused into wire with the imaging beam of spectral module deflection outgoing, then the receiving track detector;
Described step 6 comprises:
Described point source is LASER Light Source or light emitting diode or super-radiance light emitting diode.
Described scanning galvanometer is the reflective scanning mode galvanometer;
Described grating is diffraction grating or holographic grating;
Described line detector is linear charge-coupled array or linear array complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) array or linear array photodiode array;
Described outut device is a computer.
The present invention compares with the line sweep laser ophthalmoscope of prior art, and following advantage is arranged:
(1) the confocal ophthalmoscope of the line sweep based on laser diffraction of the present invention, the Line beam converting means is made up of grating and cylindrical lens, and the Line beam Energy distribution of formation is even, and ray beam quality is good.
(2) the present invention is based on the confocal Oph system and method for line sweep of laser diffraction, confocal slit and optical fundus retina conjugation have been got rid of the influence of non-retina conjugate planes veiling glare to image quality, have realized the high-resolution of confocal imaging principle.
(3) the present invention is based on the confocal Oph system and method for line sweep of laser diffraction, scanning light beam and imaging beam are equidirectional wire, Line beam distributes along same axle all the time, and propagate along primary optical axis all the time, scanning galvanometer and line detector clock are easy synchronously, image configuration speed is fast, the picture frame frequency height, and real-time performance is good.
(4) the present invention is based on the confocal Oph system and method for line sweep of laser diffraction, illumination objective lens is a two gummed achromat, and scanning light beam is accurately focused on the optical fundus retinal plane, and scanning light beam is translation vertically, illuminates whole retinal surface imaging.
(5) the present invention is based on the confocal Oph system and method for line sweep of laser diffraction, only use a scanning galvanometer and a line detector, the movable part number is few, have simple in structure, make that easy, light path is shortly suitablely regulated, small and exquisitely is suitable for, the advantage of good stability and high imaging frame frequency, be suitable for making and extensively promoting the use of in a large number.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the optical schematic diagram of cofocus scanning;
Fig. 2 adopts the confocal laser ophthalmoscope light path sketch map of spot scan for prior art;
Fig. 3 is a prior art line sweep laser ophthalmoscope light path sketch map;
Fig. 4 is the confocal ophthalmoscope system construction drawing of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is Line beam generation module sketch map among the present invention;
The Line beam surface of intensity distribution that Fig. 6 adopts cylindrical lens to generate for prior art;
The diffraction spot surface of intensity distribution that Fig. 7 generates for grating among the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the center line light beam surface of intensity distribution of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the confocal ophthalmoscope light path of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction of a present invention sketch map.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 4, be the confocal ophthalmoscope system construction drawing of a kind of line sweep of the present invention based on laser diffraction, the confocal ophthalmoscope of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction of the present invention system comprises Line beam generation module 1, spectral module 2, scan module 3, image-forming module 5 and output module 6.
Line beam generation module 1 links to each other with spectral module 2, constitute by point source 100, collimator apparatus 110 and Line beam converting means 120, be used for the divergent beams of point source 100 are generated the one dimension Line beam, the divergent beams of point source 100 are transformed to collimated light beam through collimator apparatus 110, and this collimated light beam is transformed to the one dimension Line beam through Line beam converting means 120 and is transmitted to spectral module 2.
Scan module 3 is made of scanning galvanometer 300 and illumination objective lens 310, the Line beam of spectral module 2 direct outgoing successively through scanning galvanometer 300 and illumination objective lens 310 by scanning galvanometer 300 scanning illumination optical fundus retinas 4, the imaging beam of optical fundus retina 4 reflections passes through illumination objective lens 310 and scanning galvanometer 300 synchronous reflections successively to spectral module 2.
Image-forming module 5, constitute by image-forming objective lens 500, cylindrical lens 510, confocal slit 520 and line detector 530, the imaging beam of spectral module 2 deflection outgoing passes through image-forming objective lens 500, cylindrical lens 510 and confocal slit 520 successively, receiving track detector 530, line 530 converts the imaging beam light intensity signal to the signal of telecommunication, and is transferred to output module 6.Confocal slit 520 and optical fundus retina 4 planar conjugates, confocal slit 520 can be got rid of non-optical fundus retina 4 planar veiling glares and enter line detector 530, thereby realizes the high-resolution of confocal imaging principle.
Line beam generation module 1 is made of point source 100, collimator apparatus 110 and Line beam converting means 120.Collimator apparatus 110 is made up of standard 4f lens combination, filtering pin hole and collimating lens, or is made up of optical fiber collimator.In specific embodiments of the invention, collimator apparatus 110 is made up of standard 4f lens combination 111, filtering pin hole 112 and collimating lens 113, as shown in Figure 5.
The divergent beams of point source 100 outgoing are focused into new point source again through standard 4f lens combination 111, by first energy level distribution of the new point source of filtering pin hole 112 conversion, are the collimated light beam outgoing of certain radius by collimating lens 113 collimations then.Line beam converting means 120 is transformed to the one dimension Line beam with the outgoing collimated light beam of collimator apparatus 110, form by grating 121 and cylindrical lens 122, the axle of the diffraction direction of grating 121 and cylindrical lens 122 is vertical mutually, the position of grating 121 and cylindrical lens 122 can exchange, and effect is the same.Grating 121 is diffracted into the diffraction spot that space one dimension direction distributes with the collimated light beam of 110 outgoing, and cylindrical lens 122 suitably stretches described diffraction spot on this direction, overlaps to form Line beam.
Line beam in the prior art line sweep laser ophthalmoscope is collimated light beam and generates through cylindrical lens, because the light distribution in the laser beam cross section is uneven, the functional relationship of light intensity I and beam cross section radius r is:
In the formula, I
0Be the amplitude at beam cross section center, w is a parameter relevant with the beam cross section radius, and r is the beam cross section radius, thus formula (1) as can be known, laser beam sake light intensity is the Gaussian function and distributes.After the conversion of laser beam process cylindrical lens, axial pencil along cylindrical lens reflects, axial pencil vertical and cylindrical lens does not reflect, thereby form Line beam vertically, the light distribution in this Line beam cross section still is uneven, is and sees shown in Figure 6 suc as formula the gaussian shaped profile of (1), the online central area of this Line beam is brighter, the rapid deepening at the edge, beam quality is poor, causes image quality also poor.
The confocal ophthalmoscope of a kind of line sweep of the present invention based on laser diffraction, its Line beam converting means 120 is made up of grating 121 and cylindrical lens 122, collimated light beam is diffracted into the diffraction spot that space one dimension direction distributes through grating 120 earlier, according to the light-dividing principle of grating, the light intensity of any point is on the spectrum face that diffraction spot is done:
In the formula, I
0Zero order spectrum light intensity for single slit diffraction; N is a grating cutting sum;
Be the wave surface at the wave surface at cutting edge and the cutting center phase contrast at diffraction direction θ, a is the width of single cutting;
Be half at the phase contrast of diffraction direction θ of the wave surface at adjacent two cutting centers, d is the distance (grating constant) between two cuttings.By formula (2) as can be known, for single wavelength collimated light beam, behind grating beam splitting, the light distribution that on the diffraction spectra face, can observe diffraction spot as shown in Figure 7, the arrangement for the primary maximum and the secondary minimum of a series of light intensity has many times very big between the primary maximum.
The diffraction spot that is obtained by grating stretches in the direction via cylindrical lens again, the primary maximum and the secondary maximum of diffraction spot overlap mutually, after proximate again and again mean effort, light distribution becomes evenly, and diffraction spot also overlaps into wire and becomes Line beam, the Line beam light distribution that the present invention generates as shown in Figure 8, be the uniform distribution in the certain limit, but not gaussian shaped profile, Line beam brightness is even, quality is good, thereby has guaranteed image quality.
As shown in Figure 4, the confocal ophthalmoscope method of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
Step 3, the one dimension Line beam arrives scan module 3 by the direct transmission of spectral module 2 a part of luminous energy;
Step 9, image pick-up card 600 converts the electrical signal to picture signal;
As shown in Figure 9, be the confocal ophthalmoscope light path of the line sweep based on the laser diffraction sketch map based on laser diffraction of the present invention, dotted line is depicted as system's primary optical axis, all elements are all arranged along primary optical axis, clear aperture is contour with one heart, light beam is all propagated along system's primary optical axis, is illustrative nature among the figure, does not represent real optical design parameter.
Point source is LASER Light Source or light emitting diode or super-radiance light emitting diode, and what adopt in the present embodiment is single wavelength laser light source, and wavelength is 635nm.
Collimator apparatus is made up of standard 4f lens combination, filtering pin hole and collimating lens, or is made up of optical fiber collimator, and it is that standard 4f lens combination, 80nm filtering pin hole and the focal length that 50mm forms is the collimating lens of 20mm that present embodiment adopts two focal lengths.
The Line beam converting means is made up of grating and cylindrical lens, and the optical grating diffraction wavelength that adopts in the present embodiment is 600nm, and the groove number is 300 every millimeter; Cylindrical lens adopts the flat convex cylindrical lenses of plain edition, and its focal length is 100mm.
Spectroscope is beam split plain film or Amici prism, adopts Amici prism in the present embodiment.
Scanning galvanometer is the reflective scanning mode galvanometer, adopts the model 6210H type product of CT company in the present embodiment, and effectively face width is 10mm.
Illumination objective lens adopts two gummed achromats, and its focal length is 50mm.
Image-forming objective lens adopts lens, and its focal length is 200mm.
Cylindrical lens adopts the flat convex cylindrical lenses of plain edition, and its focal length is 100mm.
Confocal slit is an adjustable slit, adopts the stand upright APAS80-1A of Chinese light of Beijing in the present embodiment, its position and optical fundus retinal plane conjugation.
Line detector is linear charge-coupled array or linear array complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) array or linear array photodiode array, adopts the line array CCD of e2v company in the present embodiment, and the line pixel is 1024, and pixel dimension is 14 μ m * 14 μ m.
The present invention does not limit to and above-mentioned example, and persons skilled in the art can adopt numerous embodiments to realize the present invention according to content disclosed by the invention.
The non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to techniques well known.
Claims (10)
1. the confocal ophthalmoscope of the line sweep based on a laser diffraction system is characterized in that: comprise Line beam generation module, spectral module, scan module;
The Line beam generation module links to each other with spectral module, is used for the divergent beams of point source are generated the one dimension Line beam, is made of point source, collimator apparatus and Line beam converting means; The divergent beams that point source sends are by collimator and extender device collimation back output collimated light beam, and the Line beam converting means is transformed to one dimension linear light bunch with this collimated light beam and sends into spectral module; Described Line beam converting means is made up of the grating and first cylindrical lens, the axle of the grating diffration direction and first cylindrical lens is vertical mutually, the position of the grating and first cylindrical lens can exchange, effect is the same, grating is diffracted into the diffraction spot that space one dimension direction distributes with the collimated light beam of point source outgoing, cylindrical lens suitably stretches described diffraction spot on this direction, overlaps to form Line beam; Described collimator apparatus is formed or is made up of optical fiber collimator by standard 4f lens combination, filtering pin hole and collimating lens, and the divergent beams of point source are transformed to collimated light beam through described standard 4f lens combination, filtering pin hole and collimating lens successively;
Spectral module is beam split plain film or Amici prism, be used for an one dimension Line beam part that the Line beam generation module is produced directly transmission arrive scan module and will carry out deflection and shine and reach the picture module from the imaging beam of scan module reflected back;
Scan module, the Line beam that is used to utilize the direct outgoing of spectral module to human eye optical fundus retina scan illumination and to from the imaging beam synchronous reflection of optical fundus retinal reflex to spectral module; Constitute by scanning galvanometer and illumination objective lens, the one dimension Line beam of the direct outgoing of spectral module scans illumination optical fundus retina through described scanning galvanometer and illumination objective lens group by scanning galvanometer successively, and the imaging beam that returns from the optical fundus retinal reflex arrives spectral module through illumination objective lens group and scanning galvanometer synchronous reflection successively;
Image-forming module is made of image-forming objective lens, second cylindrical lens, confocal slit and line detector, is used for converting the imaging beam light intensity signal of spectral module deflection outgoing to the signal of telecommunication, and is transferred to output module; The imaging beam of spectral module deflection outgoing passes through image-forming objective lens, second cylindrical lens and confocal slit, receiving track detector successively; Described confocal slit and optical fundus retinal plane conjugation;
Output module is made of image pick-up card and outut device, and image pick-up card becomes picture signal with the electrical signal conversion of image-forming module output, and exports by outut device.
2. the confocal ophthalmoscope of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described point source is LASER Light Source or light emitting diode or super-radiance light emitting diode.
3. the confocal ophthalmoscope of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described scanning galvanometer is the reflective scanning mode galvanometer.
4. the confocal ophthalmoscope of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction according to claim 1 system is characterized in that: the grating in the described Line beam converting means is diffraction grating or holographic grating.
5. the confocal ophthalmoscope of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction according to claim 1 system is characterized in that: described line detector is linear charge-coupled array or linear array complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) array or linear array photodiode array.
6. the confocal ophthalmoscope of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described outut device is a computer.
7. confocal ophthalmoscope method of the line sweep based on laser diffraction is characterized in that performing step is as follows:
Step 1, the divergent beams of point source generate the one dimension Line beam by the Line beam generation module;
Step 2, described one dimension Line beam arrives scan module by the direct transmission of a spectral module part;
Step 3, scan module scans illumination by scanning galvanometer and illumination objective lens to human eye optical fundus retina with the Line beam of the direct outgoing of spectral module, and will be from the imaging beam synchronous reflection of optical fundus retinal reflex to spectral module;
Step 4, spectral module will carry out from the imaging beam of scan module reflected back deflection shine reach the picture module;
Step 5, image-forming module converts the imaging beam light intensity signal of spectral module deflection outgoing to the signal of telecommunication, and is transferred to output module;
Step 6, the image pick-up card in the output module becomes picture signal with the electrical signal conversion of image-forming module output, and exports by outut device;
Described step 1 comprises:
Step 91, collimator apparatus is collimated light beam with the divergent beams collimation that point source produces; Described collimator apparatus is formed or is made up of optical fiber collimator by standard 4f lens combination, filtering pin hole and collimating lens, is used for the divergent beams collimation of point source is collimated light beam;
Step 92, the Line beam converting means is transformed to the one dimension Line beam with described collimated light beam;
Described step 92 comprises:
Step 101, grating forms the diffraction spot that space one dimension direction distributes with incident collimated light beam diffraction;
Step 102, cylindrical lens is made described diffraction spot suitably to stretch on this direction, overlap to form Line beam;
Described step 5 comprises:
Step 111, image-forming objective lens and cylindrical lens are focused into wire with the imaging beam of spectral module deflection outgoing, then the receiving track detector;
Step 112, the imaging beam light intensity signal after line detector will focus on converts the signal of telecommunication to.
8. the confocal ophthalmoscope method of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction according to claim 7 is characterized in that described step 6 comprises:
Step 121, image pick-up card becomes picture signal with the electrical signal conversion of line detector output;
Step 122, outut device receive described picture signal, show, handle, and storage is also printed.
9. the confocal ophthalmoscope method of a kind of line sweep based on laser diffraction according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described point source is LASER Light Source or light emitting diode or super-radiance light emitting diode.
10. the confocal ophthalmoscope method of a kind of line sweep according to claim 7 based on laser diffraction, it is characterized in that: described scanning galvanometer is the reflective scanning mode galvanometer; Described grating is diffraction grating or holographic grating; Described line detector is linear charge-coupled array or linear array complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) array or linear array photodiode array; Described outut device is a computer.
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