CN102125725A - Catheter for endovascular treatment on hypertension - Google Patents
Catheter for endovascular treatment on hypertension Download PDFInfo
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- CN102125725A CN102125725A CN2011100845076A CN201110084507A CN102125725A CN 102125725 A CN102125725 A CN 102125725A CN 2011100845076 A CN2011100845076 A CN 2011100845076A CN 201110084507 A CN201110084507 A CN 201110084507A CN 102125725 A CN102125725 A CN 102125725A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a catheter for endovascular treatment on hypertension, in particular to a medical catheter for clinical endovascular intervention treatment on hypertension. The catheter has the functions of monitoring the temperature of the vascular tissue of the renal artery and measuring the local impedance of the tissue of the renal artery, and is used for carrying out feedback regulation on radio and high frequency current intensity to block bilateral renal sympathetic nerves and interdict sympathetic nerves to excite the kidney to generate and secrete renin-angiotensin, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing blood pressure. The catheter provided by the invention is made by compositing temperature plastic polymers and wire meshes, wherein the hardness of a near end is larger, a far end is softer, and multiple channels are formed in a catheter body; a far-end electrode is made from platinum (or gold) composite materials at the front end of the catheter, and multiple leads and drawing wires of the electrode are connected with a handle and a joint through the channels in the catheter body; and high-efficiency electrical isolation pipes and drawing pipes arranged in the channels of the catheter body ensure electrical signal transmission and smooth traction, thereby finishing bending and stretching operations.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention introduces a kind of hypertensive conduit of clinical treatment that is applied to, and is used for bilateral kidney sympatholytic, and the blocking-up sympathetic nerve excites kidney to produce the effect of justacrine renin angiotensin, reaches blood pressure drops.This conduit also has monitoring renal artery vascular tissue temperature, measures the function of renal artery tissue local impedance, penetrates high frequency electric intensity in order to feedback regulation, thereby is the hypertensive special-purpose catheter of treatment.
Background technology:
Hypertension is to have a strong impact on people's life quality and life-threatening common disease, also be the whole world cause dead main diseases because of, the annual whole world 7 million peoples are because of hypertension death (1).Point out in " the Chinese residents nutrition and the investigation of health conditions report " of issuing in information office of State Council on the 12nd news briefing October in 2004: China adult hypertension prevalence is 18.8%, and crowd's hypertension awareness, treatment rate and control rate only are 30.2%, 24.7% and 6.1% (2).Even in the U.S., the control rate of hypertension treatment in recent years is less than 30% (4) also.Yet treatment, domestic in recent years Epidemiological study shows, men and women's prevalence all surpasses more than 20% (3), China is one of the most serious country of hypertension harm in the world at present, estimates that national hyperpietic has surpassed 200,000,000 (4,5), in the international coverage, the whole world has 1,000,000,000 people to suffer from hypertension at present, and expecting hyperpietic in 2025 will have 30% people to suffer from hypertension, and sum reaches 1,500,000,000 (5).This shows that hypertension has become that global range comprises that the present prevalence of China is the highest, one of the ill the most general disease of crowd, the research of hypertensive research and new treatment becomes human instant problem.
The serious consequence that hyperpietic's blood pressure increases is the infringement to the whole body vitals.Because the arterial pressure persistence raises, cause the whole body arteriolosclerosis, thereby influence the blood supply deficiency of histoorgan, the lumen of vessels internal pressure raises, the infringement that causes heart and brain, kidney is severe complications the most, and easily cause coronary heart disease, brain apoplexy, renal failure, and disability rate that causes and mortality rate obviously increase:
The hypertensive patient has arteriosclerotic pathology to exist, and when cerebral arteriosclerosis arrived to a certain degree, adding external condition stimulated, and as surexcitation, indignation and strenuous exercise etc., blood pressure will hurriedly raise, and very easily brings out the high apoplexy of disability rate that causes death.The acute cerebrovascular disease of annual this type of the hurried generation of kainogenesis of China, state of an illness ferociousness has 2,000,000 people, and 2/3 generation is heavy residual or dead.Wherein 76% people has hypertension history.Hyperpietic's blood pressure is high more, and occurrence of stroke is high more.
Hypertensive variation can cause the steady imbalance between myocardial oxygen delivery amount and the oxygen demand, the lasting rising of blood pressure, chamber, left side afterload strengthens, cardiac muscle is powerful to be increased, myocardial oxygen consumption increases thereupon, and when merging coronary atherosclerosis, the coronary flow reserve function reduces, myocardial oxygen delivery reduces, and angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, heart failure etc. therefore occur.Have data to show, the existing patients with coronary heart disease of China is about 1,000 ten thousand, annual newly-increased 30-40 ten thousand New Development patients, and wherein 65% has hypertension history.
Renal arteriosclerosis during hypertension causes kidney damage, and the kidney damage of this moment increases the weight of hypertension.Hypertension and kidney damage can influence each other, and form vicious cycle.The hypertension of hurried development can cause kidney small artery diffuse lesion widely, causes pernicious renal arteriolosclerosis, is uremia thereby develop rapidly.
The cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease that hypertension causes is the serious harm national health, causes the tremendous economic burden for patient, family and country, estimates that the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease diagnosis and treatment that China only causes because of hypertension every year expend 3,000 hundred million yuans.Hypertension is the maximum inducement of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, and in this sense, hypertension is harm people's the health even the killer that hides of life.
Hypertension also causes easily as the aneurysmal danger of generation hemodynamic influence because of it.
Domestic and international popular hypertension therapeutic remains Drug therapy at present.The purpose of its treatment be by drug effect in each link that causes hypertension, disturb the effect cause hypertension in the body and controlling blood pressure; Mainly be to rely on medicine on the Therapeutic Method, wherein of greatest concern and what play a major role is calcium channel blocker, angiotensin-convertion enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin ii receptor antagonist, and two class medicines are main after outstanding, and the effect of these back two class medicines is all in renin-angiotensin system.The Long term combined medication of such medicine treatment (6), will not only need to take for a long time and expensive, side effect outstanding, most importantly therapeutic effect is still undesirable.Data shows that present hypertensive treatment rate of China and control rate only are 24.7% and 6.1% (2).Therefore, generally believe that the hypertension drug treatment of global range is still more because of side effect, individual variation, control rate still not good (3), because of the mortality rate that hypertension causes can be in any more.
The basic cause of essential hypertension is brought out owing to the sympathetic nerve overacfivity and is kept.Radiolabel shows that the hyperpietic exists the too much noradrenaline secretion of kidney and enters blood system (14,15).Nerve is arranged all blood vessel, renal tubules and juxtaglomerular apparatuses (16 in the kidney after entering kidney behind the sympathetic ganglion of domination kidney, 17,18,19,20) thus renin angiotensin aldosterone system is regulated, conversely, vasotonia speed I I can increase adrenal gland's energy neurotransmission of central mechanism and acceleration SNE again.So, orthosympathetic effect causes blood pressure to increase.Thereby generally believe that at present the orthosympathetic activity of kidney is the major reason (22) that causes essential hypertension.
External zoopery and clinical experiment confirm: blocking-up kidney sympathetic nerve, can not cause that not only the kidney normal function lowers, and can make systolic pressure and diastole all descend (8,9,10,11), this explanation, although essential hypertension has multifactor existence, the orthosympathetic activity of domination kidney and tension force are to play an important role in hypertension existence and the progress.The surgery wide excision visceral nerve operation of previously once carrying out can reduce renin secretion, do not reduce the filtration rate of kidney blood flow and glomerule, still can keep electrolytical balance.But visceral nerve blocking-up operation has so widely caused the complication of very high peri-operation period, and because of other viscera function imbalance sickness rate also very high (12,13) after visceral nerve is removed widely.The kidney transfer operation of clinical more enforcement at present then can illustrate well, remove the kidney nerve after, kidney still can keep power and water to separate the stable of matter.In zoopery, also observe, when hypertension, the sympathetic nervous system of kidney and body closely related (21).Therefore, if can be optionally in one organ level blocking-up renin-angiotensin system, then can interrupt the effect of the rising blood pressure of renin-angiotensin system, simultaneously, because the reduction of renin-angiotensin system vaso-active substance, it is also weakened the orthosympathetic activation effect of whole body, thereby keeping under the complete prerequisite of renal function systemic blood pressure being descended, reaches the hypertensive purpose of treatment.Be that super-selective blocking-up kidney sympathetic nerve will make blood pressure drops, can avoid other unnecessary influences simultaneously bodily tissue and organ.
Summary of the invention
The method that the Wicresoft that the present invention adopts gets involved, percutaneous puncture intravascular intracavity arrives renal artery, the bilateral renal arteries tube wall is imposed the high frequency current in short bursts, sympathetic nerve on the renal artery wall is destroyed, sympathetic nerve interrupts for the domination of kidney, renin angiotensin is reduced for a long time, thereby blood pressure drops reach the hypertensive effect of treatment.
Device integral body of the present invention is the conduit spline structure, and the body front end is signal of telecommunication output and collecting part, and the body rear portion is the joint and the joystick of signal of telecommunication input and output.Handle is convenient to propelling movement, tractive or rotation, with regulate that conduit moves in blood vessel and towards; But the intravital backguy silk of the part tractive pipe of the adjusting on the handle makes the body leading portion attach the renal artery tube wall or stretch conduit to lateral bending song.
Structure of the present invention such as accompanying drawing:
Structure (see figure 1) of the present invention is followed successively by connecting pin (10), lead (11), handle (12), control knob (1), handle and body connecting portion (13), body near-end (21), body far-end (20), termination electrode (19) from near-end to far-end.Among the figure as seen: connecting pin (10) is connected with handle (12) by lead (11), handle (12) is connected with body near-end (21) with body connecting portion (13) by handle, body near-end (21) extends to body far-end (20), and distal-most end is termination electrode (19).
Control pull-button (1) is housed on the handle (12).
Fig. 2 is handle arrangement figure of the present invention, and wherein visible connecting pin (10), lead (11) are connected with handle (12).
Fig. 3 is a conduit whole interior structure chart of the present invention.As seen pass through in the electric isolated tube (6) from critesistor (18) with from the lead of impedance measuring (24), the high frequency electric lead that passes through in the electric isolated tube (7).The metal backguy of passing through in the backguy pipe (12).
Fig. 4 is the profile of catheter body, and the tinsel that as seen tightly holds conduit internal layer (14) is strengthened net (15), strengthens net (15) with tinsel and merges and cover its outer catheter outer (16).Electric isolated tube (6) by temperature-sensitive signal and impedance signal lead is arranged in the conduit internal layer (14), by the electric isolated tube (7) of radio frequency output lead, by tractive backguy pipe wiry (12).
Termination electrode (19) can be made by platinum, platinumiridio, silver or other metals with excellent conductive performance, and thermal resistor wire, radio frequency output lead, impedance measuring lead can adopt the wire producing with insulating properties.One end of the lead of impedance measuring is welded on the connecting portion (24) of termination electrode (19), one end of each thermal resistor wire is welded on the corresponding connecting portion of critesistor (18), then by the electric isolated tube (6) in body and the handle, be welded at last on the respective electrode of joint (10).One end of radio frequency output lead is welded on the termination electrode (23), and lead is welded on the respective electrode of joint (10) at last by electric isolated tube (7).
The tractive metal wire can adopt the tinsel with favorable elasticity to make the side (17) that is welded to termination electrode, by tractive spool (12), is fixed at last on the tractive wheel (3) in the handle (12).
Body is divided into proximal segment (21) and distal ports (20) with regard to entire length.Two sections main difference is proximal segment (21) body hardness height, and then body is softer for distal ports (20).Can be by adopting the polymeric material of different hardness, promptly proximal segment (21) adopts the polymer of high rigidity, and distal ports (20) adopts the low polymeric material of hardness number to finish.Making after heat respectively fuses and connects two sections and get final product.With regard to the body internal structure, be divided into internal layer (14), metal gauze strengthening layer (15) and outer (16).The material of Cai Yonging is polymer, tinsel and polymer respectively.Internal layer can adopt three lumens that plastic extruder is extruded in the making, inserts electric isolated tube (6) (7) respectively and backguy pipe (12) is finished in each lumen.Electricity isolated tube (6) (7) is to adopt
The good fluorine material of electricity isolation performance is good, and it is first-selected that backguy Guan Zeke selects the polymeric material that coefficient of friction is little, material is harder.After finishing the body internal layer, the tight union body internal layer of metal gauze (15) with braiding, coat the outer layer copolymer material, three layers of then cover being installed, promptly hot together the fusing of body internal layer (14), metal gauze strengthening layer (15), body skin (16) forms complete body.
Being connected equally also to fuse through heat of termination electrode (19) and body far-end (20) finishes.
Making step is as follows:
Termination electrode is made, and termination electrode connects lead and the drawing silk welding is fixing, and the body internal layer is made, complete body is made, and penetrates electric isolated tube and backguy pipe and penetrates respective wire and drag wire, and termination electrode heat fuses and is fixed on the body far-end, the body near-end is connected with handle, fixes, and joint is installed.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a hypertension endovascular treatment conduit connection layout
10, joint connects this conduit to radio-frequency therapeutic equipment
11, lead
12, handle, the control conduit enters and reverses
1, the tractive button affects the bending of may command distal end of catheter section
13, handle and catheter tube junction
21, the catheter tube proximal segment, body hardness is higher, is convenient to push conduit
20, the catheter tube distal ports, body is softer, is convenient to the front end bending
19, termination electrode, electric conductivity good metal head end is built-in with critesistor, can accept temperature, impedance signal, and exportable radio-frequency current
Fig. 2 is joint, handle figure
10, joint connects radiofrequency generator
11, lead
12, handle,
13, handle and catheter tube junction
1, the tractive button affects the bending of may command distal end of catheter section
8, drag wire
3,5, drag wire fast pulley, fixedly drag wire
4, driven pulley
2, fixing button is pulled to its fixedly effect of tractive button when suiting the position
6, electric isolated tube, pipe is interior by temperature sensitive, impedance electrical signal lead
7, the radio frequency spool passes through the radio frequency output lead in the pipe
Fig. 3 is catheter tube overall structure figure
21, the catheter proximal end section, body hardness is higher, is easy to carry
20, the distal end of catheter section, body is softer, is convenient to bending
22, body and handle junction
6, electric isolated tube is by temperature, impedance electrical signal conduction lead
7, electric isolated tube is by radio-frequency current transmission signal conductor
12, the tractive pipe passes through drawing silk
18, critesistor
17, the drawing silk fixing point
23, the radio frequency line fixing point
24, impedance measurement line fixing point
19, termination electrode
Fig. 4 is the catheter tube profile
6, temperature, impedance measurement transfer wire tube passage
7, radio-frequency current output lead electricity isolated tube passage
12, the drawing silk tube passage
14, the body internal layer
15, metal gauze
16, the body skin
Specific embodiments
Experiment in the animal body: after femoral arteriography has been put the hemostasis conduit, send 8F guiding catheter through this hemostasis conduit, X line DSA observes the front end that confirms guiding catheter down and arrives in the renal artery, then, hypertension endovascular treatment conduit is sent into through the 8F guiding catheter, X line DSA observes down, notices that termination electrode arrives the renal artery proper site.Jointing is handled the tractive button to radiofrequency generator, makes the catheter end electrode attach the renal artery inwall, measures the impedance of renal artery inwall, and adjusting and setting impedance is 100 Europe mothers, and 80 volts of voltages are 50 seconds between power 30 watt-hours; Measure renal artery place's temperature and impedance.The renal artery clockwise direction is located to implement to melt 12 points, 3 points, 6 points, 9 respectively.After one side finishes, finish the same operation in the offside renal artery then.After finished both sides, radiofrequency catheter withdrawed from, and withdrawed from externally via guide wire, and local point of puncture hemostasis wrapping finishes operation.Guiding catheter is withdrawed from the collection of hypertension endovascular treatment conduit, withdraw from the hemostasis conduit, point of puncture compressing blood.
Claims (4)
1. hypertension endovascular treatment apparatus is moulded the conduit that many passages are arranged in that polymer becomes with the metal gauze produced with combination that near-end hardness is big, far-end is softer and the body by temperature; Catheter proximal end adopts platinum (or gold) composite to make remote electrode, and many leads of this electrode link to each other with joint with handle via the intravital passage of catheter tube with drawing silk.
2. hypertension endovascular treatment apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the transmission and the tractive distal end of catheter swimmingly of the card signal of telecommunication guaranteed in efficient electric isolated tube of packing in the body passage and backguy.
3. hypertension endovascular treatment apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: different hardness polymeric material and tinsel are strengthened net and are made into harder catheter proximal end section and softer and easy as zigzag distal ports.Make the good propelling movement of catheter proximal end section tool, soft distal ports is then finished the crooked function of catheter proximal end easily when the tractive remote electrode.
4. hypertension endovascular treatment apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: finish attaching blood vessel, curved deflector and radio frequency output retardance kidney sympathetic nerve easily in the renal artery tube chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100845076A CN102125725A (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Catheter for endovascular treatment on hypertension |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100845076A CN102125725A (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Catheter for endovascular treatment on hypertension |
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| CN102125725A true CN102125725A (en) | 2011-07-20 |
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| CN2011100845076A Pending CN102125725A (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Catheter for endovascular treatment on hypertension |
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Cited By (15)
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| CN102697555A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-03 | 湖南依微迪医疗器械有限公司 | Multi-electrode hypertension endovascular radio-frequency ablation catheter |
| CN103479345A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-01 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Multi-channel electrode device capable of being used repeatedly |
| US8888773B2 (en) | 2012-05-11 | 2014-11-18 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Multi-electrode catheter assemblies for renal neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
| US8956352B2 (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2015-02-17 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheter apparatuses having multi-electrode arrays for renal neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
| CN104394789A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2015-03-04 | 柯惠有限合伙公司 | Microwave antenna probes |
| US9084610B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2015-07-21 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheter apparatuses, systems, and methods for renal neuromodulation |
| CN105263433A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2016-01-20 | 导管治疗有限公司 | An ablation catheter |
| CN105992566A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2016-10-05 | 心脏起搏器股份公司 | Rf shield for an implantable lead |
| US9743845B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2017-08-29 | Symap Medical (Suzhou), Ltd | Mapping sympathetic nerve distribution for renal ablation and catheters for same |
| US9770291B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2017-09-26 | Symap Medical (Suzhou), Ltd | Device for mapping and ablating renal nerves distributed on the renal artery |
| US10166069B2 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2019-01-01 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Neuromodulation catheters having jacketed neuromodulation elements and related devices, systems, and methods |
| US10188829B2 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2019-01-29 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheters with enhanced flexibility and associated devices, systems, and methods |
| US10548663B2 (en) | 2013-05-18 | 2020-02-04 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Neuromodulation catheters with shafts for enhanced flexibility and control and associated devices, systems, and methods |
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| US11832965B2 (en) | 2018-10-06 | 2023-12-05 | Symap Medical (Suzhou), Limited | System and method for mapping the functional nerves innervating the wall of arteries, 3-D mapping and catheters for same |
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| US9855097B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2018-01-02 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheter apparatuses, systems, and methods for renal neuromodulation |
| US9084610B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2015-07-21 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheter apparatuses, systems, and methods for renal neuromodulation |
| US9636173B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2017-05-02 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for renal neuromodulation |
| US8956352B2 (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2015-02-17 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheter apparatuses having multi-electrode arrays for renal neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
| US8998894B2 (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2015-04-07 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheter apparatuses having multi-electrode arrays for renal neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
| US9743845B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2017-08-29 | Symap Medical (Suzhou), Ltd | Mapping sympathetic nerve distribution for renal ablation and catheters for same |
| US9770291B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2017-09-26 | Symap Medical (Suzhou), Ltd | Device for mapping and ablating renal nerves distributed on the renal artery |
| US10842559B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2020-11-24 | Symap Medical (Suzhou), Limited | System and method for locating and identifying the functional nerves innervating the wall of arteries and catheters for same |
| US8888773B2 (en) | 2012-05-11 | 2014-11-18 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Multi-electrode catheter assemblies for renal neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
| CN102697555A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-03 | 湖南依微迪医疗器械有限公司 | Multi-electrode hypertension endovascular radio-frequency ablation catheter |
| CN104394789A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2015-03-04 | 柯惠有限合伙公司 | Microwave antenna probes |
| US11147948B2 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2021-10-19 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheters with enhanced flexibility and associated devices, systems, and methods |
| US10188829B2 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2019-01-29 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheters with enhanced flexibility and associated devices, systems, and methods |
| CN105263433A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2016-01-20 | 导管治疗有限公司 | An ablation catheter |
| US10251698B2 (en) | 2013-04-22 | 2019-04-09 | Cathrx Ltd | Ablation catheter |
| US10548663B2 (en) | 2013-05-18 | 2020-02-04 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Neuromodulation catheters with shafts for enhanced flexibility and control and associated devices, systems, and methods |
| CN103479345A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-01 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Multi-channel electrode device capable of being used repeatedly |
| CN103479345B (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-07-29 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Reused multi-channel electrode device |
| US10166069B2 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2019-01-01 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Neuromodulation catheters having jacketed neuromodulation elements and related devices, systems, and methods |
| US11154353B2 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2021-10-26 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Neuromodulation catheters having jacketed neuromodulation elements and related devices, systems, and methods |
| CN105992566A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2016-10-05 | 心脏起搏器股份公司 | Rf shield for an implantable lead |
| CN105992566B (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2018-07-27 | 心脏起搏器股份公司 | RF shielding parts for implantable lead |
| US10736690B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2020-08-11 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Neuromodulation catheters and associated systems and methods |
| US11464563B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2022-10-11 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Neuromodulation catheters and associated systems and methods |
| US11832965B2 (en) | 2018-10-06 | 2023-12-05 | Symap Medical (Suzhou), Limited | System and method for mapping the functional nerves innervating the wall of arteries, 3-D mapping and catheters for same |
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