CN102223395A - Method and device for balancing dynamic load of middleware in radio frequency identification (RFID) network - Google Patents
Method and device for balancing dynamic load of middleware in radio frequency identification (RFID) network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a device for balancing the dynamic load of middleware in a radio frequency identification (RFID) network. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting the middleware with the maximum load to move readers; and always moving one or more readers on the middleware with the maximum load to the middleware with the minimum load within a certain period during moving. Some current policies are more suitable for the condition that all middleware has same configuration (middleware isomorphism). The method and the device for balancing the dynamic load are designed based on the middleware with different configuration (the configuration which affects the processing performance of the middleware comprises a central processing unit (CPU) of a host server, internal memory, network bandwidth and other factors), and the balancing on the load of the middleware in the RFID network is effectively realized.
Description
1. technical field
The present invention relates to radio frequency identification (RFID) networking technology area, particularly a kind of method that realizes a kind of radio frequency identification network middleware dynamic load leveling.
2. background technology
The present invention relates to the dynamic load equilibrium technology of a plurality of middlewares in radio frequency identification (RFID) network.The RFID middleware is the middleware of a message-oriented, has a lot of mechanisms that its standards system is studied at present both at home and abroad.Massachusetts Polytechnics (MIT) has proposed the EPCGlobal standards system, and many researchers have also proposed various modification and implementations based on this standards system.Simultaneously, some companies further investigate the RFID middleware product with increasing income to organize also.The RFID middleware has greatly advanced the data interaction between RFID equipment and the enterprise's upper layer application as a kind of new software engineering, for various application have brought facility.The RFID middleware can be handled data from label by the distributed message mode, filters and it is distributed to the application corresponding terminal by various communication protocols.Because distributed nature, the data bulk that each middleware server is handled is often widely different.Therefore load balancing is a key technical problem of RFID middleware steady operation.The RFID middleware of overload may cause network delay aggravation and middleware performance difference.Be badly in need of effective load balancing solution.
People such as Chae have proposed a kind of " An Approach to Adaptive Load Balancing for RFID Middlewares " among the International Journal of Mathematical and Computer Sciences in 2006, select the middleware of load maximum to carry out the reader migration, during migration always for the previous period on the middleware of internal burden maximum one or more readers migrate to the middleware of load minimum.This strategy relatively is fit to the situation (middleware isomorphism) of all middleware configuration consistencies.Dispose the situation of isomorphism not (configuration that influences the middleware processes performance comprises the CPU of middleware home server, internal memory, factors such as the network bandwidth) for middleware, this scheduling strategy is inapplicable.
In realizing process of the present invention, the inventor finds that there are the following problems at least in the prior art: above-mentioned simple allocation schedule method all can not solve the inconsistent unbalanced problem of RFID middleware load that causes of user specification demand and physical server specification configuration.
Therefore the present invention designs load-balancing algorithm and the device that a foundation is dynamically adjusted, and solves the inconsistent unbalanced problem of each physical server load that causes of user specification demand and physical server specification configuration better.
3. summary of the invention
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of method and device of load balancing of the RFID of realization network middleware, can realize the load balancing of a plurality of RFID middlewares well.
The present invention considers extensive RFID network application feature and the present existing problem of RFID middleware system, design a kind of based on message queue, the distributed RFID middleware that meets international standard EPCGlobal ALE 1.1.1 and EPCglobal-ReaderManagementrm 1.0.1, and improvement to implementation that standard is advised proposed, for standard has increased new function, also take into account the dynamic comprehensive load balancing of middleware system simultaneously.(native system is based on the message queue MSMQ's of Microsoft to the intermodule communication of this system when realizing based on message queue, can certainly be other message queue subassembly product), by a plurality of middleware servers of RFID middleware management service management, its distributed framework can support more massive application, take into account the integrated load equilibrium of two different levels, will provide safeguard for the stable and high-performance of system.This middleware system is a kind of advanced person's a multi-site read write line middleware system.
EdgeServer is the relation of one-to-many with being connected of read write line, and is man-to-man relation between read write line and the EdgeServer.Because in actual conditions, the label that each read write line is read might not be identical, even differ greatly, when having a plurality of EdgeServer, the load that the EdgeServer that has connected different read write lines produces when handling read write line passback label is also uneven with regard to level, for guaranteeing the tag processes efficient of each EdgeServer, should be to carrying out the load balancing migration between these EdgeServer.
For solving RFID integrated load equalization problem, we have designed the EdgeServer load-balancing algorithm, and are as described below:
At first we define a RFID network middleware system, the reader set, and the EdgeServer set, the load of reader r, the load of a middleware:
Shown in figure-1, M={m
1, m
2..., m
n, M is middleware set, EdgeServer[n] use m
nExpression; CR={r
1 k, r
2 k..., r
l k, be to be connected to EdgServer[k] reader set; A reader only is connected to an EdgeServer in a period of time.
WL
R[r]: the load of a reader is represented with the number of labels of its processing;
WL
M[m
i]: a middleware m
iThe number of labels summation handled by all readers of its management of load represent.
WL
M U[m
i] and WL
M L[m
i] be made as middleware m respectively
iThe load bound.
The middleware integrated load balance policy of the present invention's design is as follows:
1) pass of definition CPU and memory usage and processing number of tags is two groups of vector:<WL
M[m
i], CPU_m
i>and<WL
M[m
i], Mem_m
i>,
(formula-4)
3) the unbalanced degree of integrated load
4) the average unbalanced degree L_M of middleware home server equals the unbalanced degree of all middleware home server integrated loads L_M[m
i] sum is again divided by the server number n,
(formula-6)
CPU_m
iBe middleware m
iThe current utilance of place home server CPU, Mem_m
iBe middleware m
iThe current utilance of place home server internal memory, AVG_c is the mean value of middleware place home server cpu busy percentage, AVG_m is the mean value of middleware place home server memory usage.SpeC_m
iBe middleware place home server CPU specification, SpeM_m
iBe middleware place home server internal memory specification,
CPU_m
i UExpression middleware m
iThe cpu busy percentage of label full load, Mem_m
i UExpression middleware m
iThe memory usage of label full load.
CPU_b represents the cpu busy percentage that middleware itself is intrinsic, and Mem_b represents the memory usage that middleware itself is intrinsic.
The factor that integrated load is considered can be expanded and comprise CPU, internal memory, network bandwidth utilance etc.
5) allocation strategy: when increasing reader newly, select the middleware of L_M minimum to distribute.
6) migration strategy: main consideration overload (middleware label load factor surpasses the set upper limit) situation, select the middleware of overload to move, need to quantize to consider what readers of migration to which middleware, the number of times that needs simultaneously to reduce migration as far as possible avoids system concussion to occur.Always move the less reader of load on the middleware of the average unbalanced degree L_M of middleware maximum to the middleware of the average unbalanced degree L_M minimum of middleware (or inferior little), till being moved the middleware nonoverload for this reason.
The unbalanced degree appraisal procedure of integrated load (variance)
4. description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a RFID middleware load balancing installation drawing;
Fig. 2 is the Edge Server system assumption diagram;
Fig. 3 distributed message middleware message flow graph;
Fig. 4 provides scheduling to distribute and move the flow chart of reader method;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of load balancing migration reader.
By with description of drawings (corresponding text all describes in detail), it is easier to understand that feature of the present invention will become.
5. embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of device (shown in figure-1) of the RFID of realization network middleware load balancing,
For the advantage that makes technical solution of the present invention is clearer, the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment one
Present embodiment provides a kind of method that realizes load balancing between many physical servers, and shown in figure-4, described method comprises:
101, beginning is at first carried out initialization operation and is prepared, and comprises (CPU, internal memory) configuration and their utilance and the utilance upper limit of the different middlewares of record place service.
102, judge whether it is to increase reader newly, be not, need then to judge whether migration, enter 103; Be that newly-increased reader need enter 107 and distributes.
103, which reader the preparation and the judgement of moving reader selects where move and move to.
104, judge to select which reader where to move and move to: principle is the network concussion of avoiding excessively migration to cause, few as far as possible migration; Always select during migration to transship that the reader of load minimum begins on the middleware, and it is moved on the middleware of unbalanced degree minimum (hereinafter definition).
105 otherwise refusal migration task.
106, the reader of load minimum begins migration from the overload middleware, and it is moved on the minimum middleware of the unbalanced degree of load (this is consistent with assigning process).
107, distribute reader: prepare to distribute new reader to a current middleware.
108, calculate the unbalanced degree of current middleware, current middleware is carried out comprehensive unbalanced degree ordering.
109, will increase reader newly is assigned on the minimum middleware of current comprehensive unbalanced degree.
It is concrete that reader is distributed or move on which middleware can be with reference to following process:
Table-1 initial situation
Table-2 is that the CPU, memory usage of the specification of four EdgeServer and full load is (when the server resource utilance surpasses full value, to cause the extreme low of server performance, therefore, before not surpassing full value, just should carry out the load balancing migration) to the read write line of overload EdgeServer.
We give tacit consent to EdgeServer main frame self system will take 5% resource, and resources occupation rate just is considered to overload when reaching 70%.
The state of current each EdgeServer:
EdgeServerA has connected a read write line, and this read write line is being handled 1500 labels;
EdgeServerB has connected two read write lines, and these two read write lines are being handled 2000 labels just respectively;
EdgeServerC has connected three read write lines, and these three read write lines are being handled 5000 labels just respectively;
EdgeServerD has connected a read write line, and this read write line is being handled 6000 labels just respectively;
Under tag processes rate and situation that resource utilization is directly proportional, can calculate the resource utilization of current each EdgeServer:
The resource utilization of EdgeServer before table-2 load balance process
CPU | Internal memory | |
EdgeServer?A | 0.29 | 0.32 |
EdgeServer?B | 0.30 | 0.33 |
EdgeServer?C | 0.65 | 0.73 |
EdgeServer?D | 0.21 | 0.23 |
By table-2 as can be known EdgeServerC exceeded the overload valve limit, therefore will carry out the load balancing migration to the read write line on it.Adopt the integrated load equalization algorithm of the present invention's suggestion, get next read write line, simulate being connected of each EdgeServer of it and all the other respectively, and calculate L_M from the EdgeServerC that transships:
After EdgeServerA was connected, this server cpu busy percentage and memory usage surpassed 100%, therefore can not be connected with EdgeServerA.
After EdgeServerB was connected, the average unbalanced degree L_M of middleware home server was 0.033.
After EdgeServerD was connected, the average unbalanced degree L_M of middleware home server was 0.006.
This shows, the read write line that migration is come out should be linked to each other with EdgeServerD.The load of moving back four Server is respectively as table-3:
Each Server load after table-3 migrations
CPU | Internal memory | |
EdgeServer?A | 0.29 | 0.32 |
EdgeServer?B | 0.30 | 0.33 |
EdgeServer?C | 0.45 | 0.50 |
EdgeServer?D | 0.34 | 0.38 |
Come each EdgeServer after distributing is assessed with the unbalanced degree appraisal procedure of integrated load (variance):
L_M=0.012.
If suggesting methods such as employing Chae only move, then take off a read write line that is connected with EdgeServerC, directly migrate on the Server that label reads minimum number, the label of EdgeServerA reads minimum number, but will produce overload after migrating on it, therefore move to label and read the inferior few EdgeServerB of quantity upward (handling 2000 labels), the load of moving back four Server is divided into as table-4:
Each Server load suggesting methods such as () Chae after table-4 migrations
CPU | Internal memory | |
EdgeServer?A | 0.29 | 0.32 |
EdgeServer?B | 0.60 | 0.67 |
EdgeServer?C | 0.45 | 0.50 |
EdgeServer?D | 0.21 | 0.23 |
Come each EdgeServer after distributing is assessed with the unbalanced degree appraisal procedure of integrated load (variance):
L_M_Devi=0.066. many data results all show, use when only considering that label reads the moving method of quantity, and the result of comprehensive unbalanced degree is greater than the load-balancing algorithm of the present invention's suggestion.Because of the length restriction, do not enumerate one by one at this.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of flow process that realizes in the foregoing description method, be to finish with relevant hardware by computer program instructions, described program can be stored in the computer read/write memory medium, this program can comprise the flow process as the embodiment of above-mentioned each side method when carrying out.Wherein, described storage medium can be magnetic disc, CD, read-only storage memory body (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or at random store memory body (Random Access Memory, RAM) etc.
The above; only be the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed in protection model of the present invention with within.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.
Claims (11)
1.RFID the comprehensive unbalanced degree measure of middleware:
1) the unbalanced degree of integrated load
(formula-1)
2) the average unbalanced degree L_M of middleware home server equals the unbalanced degree of all middleware home server integrated loads L_M[m
i] sum is again divided by the server number n,
(formula-2)
CPU_m
iBe middleware m
iThe current utilance of place home server CPU, Mem_m
iBe middleware m
iThe current utilance of place host's traffic device internal memory, AVG_c is the mean value of middleware place home server cpu busy percentage, AVG_m is the mean value of middleware place home server memory usage.SpeC_m
iBe middleware place home server CPU specification, SpeM_m
iBe middleware place home server internal memory specification,
CPU_m
i UExpression middleware m
iThe cpu busy percentage of label full load, Mem_m
i UExpression middleware m
iThe memory usage of label full load.
CPU_b represents the cpu busy percentage that middleware itself is intrinsic, and Mem_b represents the memory usage that middleware itself is intrinsic.
The factor that integrated load is considered can be expanded and comprise CPU, internal memory, network bandwidth utilance etc.
2. the algorithm that distributes newly-increased reader: when increasing reader newly, select the minimum middleware of comprehensive unbalanced degree to distribute.
3. the computing formula of the unbalanced degree of load:
Formula as shown in 1-1 and formula-2.
4. the definition of various utilances and calculating:
CPU_m
iBe middleware m
iThe current utilance of place home server CPU, Mem_m
iBe middleware m
iThe current utilance of place home server internal memory, AVG_c is the mean value of middleware place home server cpu busy percentage, AVG_m is the mean value of middleware place home server memory usage.SpeC_m
iBe middleware place home server CPU specification, SpeM_m
iBe middleware place home server internal memory specification,
CPU_m
i UExpression middleware m
iThe cpu busy percentage of label full load, Mem_m
i UExpression middleware m
iThe memory usage of label full load.
CPU_b represents the cpu busy percentage that middleware itself is intrinsic, and Mem_b represents the memory usage that middleware itself is intrinsic.
The factor that integrated load is considered can be expanded and comprise CPU, internal memory, network bandwidth utilance etc.
5. the definition of middleware system and load metric method: at first we define a RFID network middleware system, the reader set, and the EdgeServer set, the load of reader r, the load of a middleware:
Shown in figure-1, M={m
1, m
2..., m
n, M is middleware set, EdgeServer[n] use m
nExpression; CR={r
1 k, r
2 k..., r
l k, be to be connected to EdgServer[k] reader set; A reader only is connected to an EdgeServer in a period of time.
WL
R[r]: the load of a reader is represented with the number of labels of its processing;
WL
M[m
i]: a middleware m
iThe number of labels summation handled by all readers of its management of load represent.
WL
M U[m
i] and WL
M L[m
i] be made as middleware m respectively
iThe load bound.
6. migration strategy: mainly consider overload (middleware label load factor surpasses the set upper limit) situation, select the middleware of overload to move, need to quantize to consider what readers of migration to which middleware, the number of times that needs simultaneously to reduce migration as far as possible avoids system concussion to occur.Always move the less reader of load on the middleware of the average unbalanced degree L_M of middleware maximum to the middleware of the comprehensive unbalanced degree L_M minimum of middleware (or inferior little), till being moved the middleware nonoverload for this reason.
7. select the standard of middleware when moving: the middleware that always moves the average unbalanced degree L_M maximum of middleware.
8. select the standard of reader when moving: the reader of always selecting load minimum (or inferior little) on the maximum middleware of comprehensive unbalanced degree.
9. move to the standard of which middleware: the middleware of always selecting comprehensive unbalanced degree L_M minimum (or inferior little) is as target ground.
10. the condition that stops of migration: stop migration when be lower than it by the utilances such as (CPU, internal memories) of migration middleware place server in limited time on predefined, or occurred repeatedly till the situation of migration.
11. the integrated load balancer, the load balancing device shown in Figure of description 1-5.
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