CN102273023B - 具有插入探测和光照能力的接插线 - Google Patents

具有插入探测和光照能力的接插线 Download PDF

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CN102273023B
CN102273023B CN200980153844.7A CN200980153844A CN102273023B CN 102273023 B CN102273023 B CN 102273023B CN 200980153844 A CN200980153844 A CN 200980153844A CN 102273023 B CN102273023 B CN 102273023B
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capacitor
switch
plug
connected electrically
switch contact
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CN102273023A (zh
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S·I·帕特尔
J·F·维梅耶
K·S·马兰多
B·M·巴伯
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Panduit Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/58—Contacts spaced along longitudinal axis of engagement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
    • H01R13/465—Identification means, e.g. labels, tags, markings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/64—Means for preventing incorrect coupling
    • H01R13/641—Means for preventing incorrect coupling by indicating incorrect coupling; by indicating correct or full engagement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H01R13/703—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. dual-continuity coupling part
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R29/00—Coupling parts for selective co-operation with a counterpart in different ways to establish different circuits, e.g. for voltage selection, for series-parallel selection, programmable connectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K4/00—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions
    • H03K4/02—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having stepped portions, e.g. staircase waveform
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/02—Constructional details
    • H04Q1/14—Distribution frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/6608—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in single component
    • H01R13/6625—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in single component with capacitive component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/04—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for network, e.g. LAN connectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/60—Contacts spaced along planar side wall transverse to longitudinal axis of engagement
    • H01R24/62—Sliding engagements with one side only, e.g. modular jack coupling devices
    • H01R24/64—Sliding engagements with one side only, e.g. modular jack coupling devices for high frequency, e.g. RJ 45
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/02—Constructional details
    • H04Q1/14—Distribution frames
    • H04Q1/149—Wireguides in connector blocks

Abstract

提供一种用于智能接插系统的接插线。接插线是具有接线板插头(12)和交换机插头(14)的十线接插线。接插线包含与智能接线板端口的第九和第十线触点(24，26)相连接的第九和第十线触点(20，22)。交换机插头设置有柱塞型开关，其能够使智能接线板确定交换机插头何时插入交换机端口。交换机插头还设置有LED(44，46)和能够控制LED的电路。

Description

具有插入探测和光照能力的接插线
技术领域
本发明涉及网络文件编制和修订系统，且更具体地涉及一种能够进行插入和移除探测以及用于接插线安装或移除的视觉引导提示的接插线。
背景技术
通信网络的数量和复杂度都在增长并不断互连以满足用户需求。接线板用于通信网络中作为水平布线(诸如计算机和电话的端点设备连接到该水平布线)和网络交换机之间的中间元件。具体地，接线板包括连接局域网(LAN)或其它通信系统的引入和引出线的网络端口板。在LAN中，例如，接线板使网络的计算机连接到能使LAN连接到因特网或其它广域网(WAN)的路由器或交换机。用接插线来进行连接。接线板允许通过插入和拔出接插线来布置和重新布置连接。
当端点设备和网络交换机之间的物理连接被添加、移动或移除时，接线板是技术人员在接线场内完成接插线所需的安装或移除的点。接线板给技术人员提供快速改变所选信号的路径的便利。
接线板通常以两种不同配置中的一种来布置：交叉连接，以及互连。在交叉连接配置中，两块接线板设置在终端用户设备和网络交换机之间，而在互连配置中，仅有一块接线板设置在终端用户设备和网络交换机之间。交叉连接的配置能够简化接线场中连接的重新布置，而互连配置仅需要一个接线板且并不需要专用于两块接线板之间连接的接插线。
与网络通信设备之间的物理电缆连接的实现和维护相关的人为差错会导致对网络的严重的负面影响。可通过改善由网络技术人员实现的网络电缆安装和移除工序的引导、控制和验证来避免此类负面影响。当实施(MAC的)接插线和接线场内的连接的移动、添加和改变时，还期望提供技术人员可遵循的易于理解的系统。
发明内容
在本发明的一些实施例中，接插线设置有电路和灯，诸如以允许向实施接线场内MAC的接插线的技术人员提供便于遵循的使用说明。
根据本发明的系统利用具有出于接插线管理目的而设的导体和触点的接插线。根据本发明的接插线可被称为“十线”接插线。该术语与包括四个导体对的传统的“八线”铜以太网接插线结合使用。根据本发明的“十线”接插线具有专用于接插线管理的两个附加导体。尽管术语“十线”和“第十个”导体将用于描述本发明，但应当理解，本发明的原理可延伸到具有多于或少于八个导体的铜制接插线，并且还延伸到光学接插线和铜纤维混合接插线，这些中的任一个均可以设有两个附加的导电元件及其它硬件以根据本发明来进行操作。
根据本发明的接插线使用开关以能够探测到插头的插入和移除。此外，接插线包括LED或其它可见的装置以引导插头的安装或移除并向技术人员指示状态。
参见附图在下述详细说明中向那些本领域的普通技术人员阐释本发明的这些和其它方面。应当理解，在此所提及的实施例并不意在限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
图1A是根据本发明的一个实施例的智能接线板端口和接插线的示意性框图；
图1B是接插线电路的示意图；
图1C是示出智能接线板电路和接插线电路的示意图；
图2A是示出网络交换机和由接插线连接的智能接线板的立体图；
图2B是插入交换机端口的接插线的交换机插头的立体图；
图2C是插入智能接线板端口的接插线的接线板插头的立体图；
图2D是接插线的接线板插头的立体图；
图3A是接插线的交换机插头的立体图；
图3B是接插线的交换机插头中的开关机构的立体图，其包括开关机构的详图；
图3C是接插线的交换机插头的分解图；
图4A是包括详图的交换机插头的电线端接区域的立体图；
图4B是图4A的电线端接区域的另一立体图；
图5是交换机插头的印刷电路板(PCB)组件的立体图；
图6是安装在交换机插头内的PCB的立体图；以及
图7A、7B、7C是示出交换机插头上的PCB盖的安装的交换机插头的立体图。
图8A是可用于本发明的另一插头的立体图。
图8B是从图8A的插头盖的下侧看的立体图。
图8C是移除了盖子并示出PCB和柱塞型开关的部件的图8A的插头的立体图。
图8D是聚焦于PCB和柱塞型开关的部件上的图8A的插头的立体图。
图8E是示出极、第一开关触点和第二开关触点的迹线的图8A的插头的PCB的立体图。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的一个实施例，如以图1A中示意性框图的形式所示，设置有接插线，其具有用于与智能接线板端口连接的接线板插头12和用于以互连配置插入以太网交换机端口的交换机插头14。除了接插线的普通信号载带线(未示出)外，接插线10还设置有第九线16和第十线18。第九线和第十线16和18端接于接线板插头12的第九触点和第十触点20和22，而第九触点和第十触点20和22适配成与智能接线板端口28的第九触点和第十触点24和26配对。智能接线板端口28具有下面详述的相关电子组件30。
接插线10的第九线和第十线16和18使用例如绝缘层剥离触点32a和32b端接于交换机插头14。由此，第九线和第十线电气连接到设置在LED的PCB36上的LED电路34。较佳为单极双掷、先闭后开的柱塞型开关的开关38具有连接到LED电路34的开关触点40和42。开关触点40是“常开”触点，而开关触点42是“常闭”触点。
如下面更详细描述地，根据与交换机插头14相连接的柱塞是否被压下，开关38具有两个状态。当交换机插头14被插入以太网交换机端口时，柱塞被压下。如果根据本发明的接插线被插入智能接线板的端口时，智能接线板就能根据开关38的状态来决定交换机插头是否被插入交换机端口。
智能接线板还能探测智能接线板端口28的第九触点和第十触点24和26是否短接到一起，如同如果“九线”接插线被插入智能接线板的端口28会发生的那样。如果检测到这种状况，智能接线板可具有设在其内的逻辑，该逻辑将允许智能接线板进入出错通知过程，和/或知道正在使用九线接插线而继续对接插线状态的所需的移动、添加或改变。
如图1B中所示，LED电路34较佳地包含两个LED，即红色LED44和绿色LED46。一般来说，绿色LED46用于指示技术人员有必要插入交换机插头，而红色LED46用于指示技术人员有必要移除交换机插头。在一些实施例中，闪烁或以其它方式定时的灯光可用于指示其它状况，诸如出错情况。
齐纳二极管48提供对LED44和46的静电放电保护。设置第一和第二电容器50和52以能够由智能接线板来探测电容的充电速率，由此使智能接线板可以确定开关38的状态。第一电容器50在第九线导体16a和第一开关触点40之间，而第二电容器52在第九线导体16a和第二开关触点42之间。电阻器54位于从第九线导体16a延伸的导电路径上。导电路径被分开，第一电路支线56穿过红色LED44到第一开关触点，而第二电路支线58穿过绿色LED46到第二开关触点。开关极60连接到交换机插头内的第十线导体18a。
当接插线10被插入智能接线板端口28时，接插线10经由第九线和第十线通电。在智能接线板和接插线10之间建立通信，且该接线板通过智能接线板中的采样/充电电路61(图1C中所示)向接插线10询问交换机插头最终状态的信息。
如下更详细所述，较佳地，开关38是在交换机插头14被插入交换机端口时被压下的柱塞型开关。当交换机插头14未插入端口时，第二开关触点42连接到极60，而当交换机插头14被插入端口时，第一开关触点40连接到极60。
现将参见图1C描述根据本发明的接插线10和智能接线板之间的交互。当接插线从智能接线板断开时，智能接线板电容器62是采样/充电电路61中有的唯一电容。
当接插线10的接线板插头12被插入智能接线板，且交换机插头未连接到交换机端口时，开关38处于常闭状态并与绿色LED46接触。在此状态下，第二电容器52是采样/充电电路的一部分，且绿色LED46可由智能接线板来操作。
当接插线10的接线板插头12被插入智能接线板，且交换机插头连接到交换机端口时，开关38处于“常开”状态并与红色LED44接触。在此状态下，第一电容器50是采样/充电电路的一部分，且红色LED44可由智能接线板来操作。
智能接线板探测到由于使第一电容器50和第二电容器52存在或不存在于所得电路中的开关位置而造成的电容充电速率的差异(即，跨越电容的电压正如何变化)。根据一个实施例，接线板电容器62具有0.047μF的电容，而第一电容器50具有0.68μF的电容，第二电容器52具有4.7μF的电容。电阻器54具有604Ω的电阻。智能接线板设置有固件和/或软件以及微处理器电路，其可以是“翼板”组件的一部分。
在一实施例中，如图1C中所示，智能接线板电路包括第一、第二和第三晶体管64、66和68。可以在采样周期内完成开关状态和接插线的采样。在采样周期开始时，第一晶体管64是截止的，而第二晶体管66是导通的，从而使第九线16和第九线导体16a短接到地线并使所有电容器放电。然后，第二晶体管66截止(在定义为t＝0时)且通过测量输入端70达到逻辑高所需经过的时间来确定电路的充电速率。在此状态下，无论在电路上有无电容，智能接线板都在充电、采样和放电，且可以由此探测到四种可能的接插线状态：(1)在系统中无接插线；(2)两个接插线插头都插入插孔中；(3)只有一个接线板插头12插入插孔中；以及(4)第九线16短接到第十线10。
在所示实施例中，由于接线板电容器62具有系统中最小的电容，通过最快充电速率来探测接插线的存在。当接线板插头12和交换机插头14配对到它们各自的接线板时，开关38将第一电容器50连同接线板电容器62置于电路中，从而产生中等充电速率。当接线板插头12已配对而交换机插头14未配对时出现最大充电速率，结果是接线板电容器62和第二电容器52在充电电路中。最后可能的状态将是在第九线和第十线之间发生短路，这将不会使输入端70达到逻辑高的状态。
利用上述情况，与智能接线板关联的固件和/或软件将知晓接插线的配对或未配对的状态。在工作周期的剩余时间中，智能接线板可选择以各种形式(诸如闪烁、渐亮渐暗、一直亮、一直暗及其组合等)使红色LED44和绿色LED46照亮。这通过在与开关38的位置相关的智能接线板的逻辑和电路中发生的切换来实现。如与图1C相关的文本中所示，当第一晶体管64导通，第二晶体管66截止，且第三晶体管导通(这使电流能够流经LED电路34)时，根据开关38的状况，使红色LED44或绿色LED46照亮。红色LED44和绿色LED46以多种形式来照亮以指示整个系统的各种状态。通过使第三晶体管68截止来使LED关闭。通过如上所述切换LED导通和关闭来实现LED的闪烁。当接插状态变化时，智能接线板将此信息分类并转发到用于诊断或相关操作的层管理软件。
图2A是使以太网交换机74的交换机端口72连接到智能接线板端口28的接插线10的立体图。图2B是插入交换机端口72的接插线10的交换机插头14的更详细的视图，而图2C是插入接线板端口28的接线板插头12的更详细的视图。图2D是示出第九触点和第十触点20和22的接线板插头12的立体图。当接线板插头12配对到智能接线板端口28时，插头12的第九触点和第十触点20和22与智能接线板端口的第九触点和第十触点24和26在图2C中所示的接触区76内接触。
图3A是交换机插头14的立体图。PCB的盖子78遮盖LED的PCB36。PCB的盖子78是透明或半透明的，从而可以在盖子后部看到来自LED44和46的光。还在图3A中看到使开关38触发的柱塞80。
图3B示出开关机构82的更详细的视图。柱塞80通过压缩弹簧84保持在伸出位置，该压缩弹簧84可在其相对端与插头的另一部分邻接。柱塞80的延伸部86具有安装在其上的柱塞触点88。在图3B中示出处于“常闭”位置的柱塞触点88，在该位置，柱塞触点88使交换机的极60连接到常闭触点42。当以太网交换机74的前表面81压下柱塞80时(如图2B中所示)，柱塞触点88沿对角线向下运动到图3B中所示立体图的右侧，从而最终实现极60和常开触点40之间的连接。根据一个实施例，柱塞80的约为0.040英寸的向内行程将形成极60和常开触点40之间的连续。
图3C是交换机插头14的分解图，其示出：容纳负载杆92和分线器94的主插头外壳90。可为了屏蔽的场合而设置防护罩96。修改应变消除箍(collar)98以使之具有容纳柱塞80、LED的PCB36和PCB的盖子78的特征，该盖子闩锁到设置在应变消除箍98上的掣齿99。插头保护罩100闩锁到应变消除箍98上的保护罩掣齿102。
图4A和4B是交换机插头14的电线端接区域的立体图。第九线和第十线16和18示出分别终止于IDC的32a和32b、插入电线槽104并修剪成与应变消除箍98的侧壁齐平。
图5是没有开关机构82的其它部件的LED的PCB36的立体图。
图6是安装在交换机插头14中的LED的PCB36的立体图。
图7A是示出准备好安装在交换机插头14上的PCB的盖子78的前立体图，而图7B是从后面看的类似图。图7C示出安装在交换机插头14上的PCB的盖子78。
图8A-E示出可用于本发明的插头15的另一实施例。插头15可具有盖112、PCB36以及柱塞型开关81。如图8B中所示，盖112可具有置于盖112底面上的盖支承件114以有助于防止由于盖112上向下的力而产生的任何挠曲，这种挠曲会削弱柱塞型开关81的操作和/或引起对其的损坏。图8C和8D示出柱塞型开关81的实施例，其中，柱塞触点88在柱塞80的延伸部86底面附近弯曲。图8E示出形成柱塞型开关80的极60、第一开关触点40和第二开关触点42的迹线。第一开关触点40和第二开关触点42通过形成一角度的间隙41来分开，以使能先闭后开的连接。图8E还示出使用绝缘刺穿触点33a、33b以形成PCB36和第九线和第十线18、16之间的电气连接。
尽管已经说明和描述了本发明的特定实施例和应用，但应当理解，本发明并不限于本文所披露的具体结构和构成，且从上述说明显然有各种更改、改变和变型而不会脱离本所述发明的精神和范围。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于利用第一和第二管理导体的接插线映射系统的插头，所述插头包括：
单极双掷开关，所述开关具有第一开关触点和第二开关触点和极，所述开关构造成当所述插头被插入插孔时改变状态，所述极电气连接到所述第二管理导体；
第一电容器，所述第一电容器具有第一电容并电气连接到所述第一管理导体和所述第一开关触点；
第二电容器，所述第二电容器具有第二电容并电气连接到所述第一管理导体和所述第二开关触点，所述第一电容与所述第二电容不同。
2.如权利要求1所述的插头，其特征在于，还包括：
第一发光二极管，所述第一发光二极管电气连接到所述第一开关触点并且是并联于所述第一电容器的电路的一部分；以及
第二发光二极管，所述第二发光二极管电气连接到所述第二开关触点并且是并联于所述第二电容器的电路的一部分。
3.如权利要求2所述的插头，其特征在于，还包括电气连接在所述第一和第二管理导体之间的齐纳二极管。
4.如权利要求2所述的插头，其特征在于，所述第一发光二极管和所述第二发光二极管的颜色不同。
5.一种用于使用第一和第二管理导体的接插线的映射系统，所述映射系统包括：
插头，所述插头包括：
单极双掷开关，所述开关具有第一开关触点和第二开关触点和极，所述开关构造成当所述插头被插入插孔时改变状态，所述极电气连接到所述第二管理导体；
第一电容器，所述第一电容器具有第一电容并电气连接到所述第一管理导体和所述第一开关触点；
第二电容器，所述第二电容器具有第二电容并电气连接到所述第一管理导体和所述第二开关触点，所述第一电容与所述第二电容不同。
6.如权利要求5所述的映射系统，其特征在于，所述插头还包括：
第一发光二极管，所述第一发光二极管电气连接到所述第一开关触点并且是并联于所述第一电容器的电路的一部分；以及
第二发光二极管，所述第二发光二极管电气连接到所述第二开关触点并且是并联于所述第二电容器的电路的一部分。
7.如权利要求6所述的映射系统，其特征在于，还包括接线板电路，所述接线板电路构造成使所述第一或第二电容器充电、使所述第一或第二电容器放电并测量所述接线板电路用于所述第一或第二电容器充电所耗的时间。
8.如权利要求7所述的映射系统，其特征在于，所述接线板电路包括第一晶体管和第二晶体管，所述晶体管构造成当所述第一晶体管导通时且所述第二晶体管截止时使所述第一或第二电容器充电，并且当所述第一晶体管截止时且所述第二晶体管导通时使所述第一或第二电容器放电。
9.如权利要求8所述的映射系统，其特征在于，所述第一晶体管能够使所述第一管理导体经由电阻器电气连接到电源，且所述第二晶体管能够使所述第一管理导体电气连接到信号地。
10.如权利要求9所述的映射系统，其特征在于，所述接线板电路还包括第三晶体管，所述第三晶体管能够使所述第二管理导体电气连接到信号地。
11.如权利要求10所述的映射系统，其特征在于，所述电路包括第三电容器，所述第三电容器能够使所述第一管理导体触点和信号地之间进行电气连接。
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US8708724B2 (en) 2014-04-29
CN102273023A (zh) 2011-12-07
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US20130217249A1 (en) 2013-08-22
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