Harmless dehydrator
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sterilization, dehydration treatment equipment of material, relate in particular to a kind of dewater unit applicable to urban garbage disposal.
Background technology
Domestic processing to domestic waste at present mainly contains the several methods such as landfill method, burning method, classification facture.These methods exist that investment is large, the land occupation area large and the wretched insufficiency such as secondary pollution, making China's most cities house refuse to adopt and stacking is main processing method, the method that this simple stacking is processed just more and more seriously affects our living environment and quality of life due to its land occupation, easy breed bacteria and produce the defective such as corrupt gas.
The CN1426856A Chinese patent literature discloses the processing method of one way of life rubbish, includes magnetic separation, wet type in this waste disposal method and the processing step such as clears up; It has used counteracting tank that rubbish is cleared up, but the counteracting tank domestic demand is filled with the approximately saturated vapor of 0.9MPa, in heating process, be difficult for making the rubbish body homogeneous heating, and be malleation in tank body, in case poorly sealed, the situation that steam leaks outside can appear, tank body heats rubbish by sealed cans, is interrupted the method for operation of can opening, and discharging has discontinuity; The process of dehydration is the method by flash distillation, and dehydration rate is on the low side, and heat time heating time is long.
The CN1461678A Chinese patent literature discloses the innoxious treatment process of a kind of domestic waste, adopt sterilization drain sump and drying chamber in conjunction with carrying out the rubbish pretreatment in this treatment process, reach the effect to rubbish sterilization, dehydration, follow-uply can carry out integrated treatment in conjunction with compost, landfill etc.In this treatment process, the sterilization drain sump heats rubbish by surface heat exchanging, and heat transfer process is take the heat conduction as main, and a little less than heat radiation, overall heat-transfer coefficient is on the low side, and thermal source is wayward, and heat time heating time is long.Improve heat transfer coefficient, need to improve the wall temperature of sterilization drain sump, and this operation to equipment is unfavorable, even may cause tank body flexural deformation, wall temperature is too high, also can make rubbish fission occur and decompose; And also mention the interior temperature of tank body in this patent documentation and be controlled at 100 ℃, obviously improve heat transfer coefficient by the method that improves wall temperature inadvisable, therefore, the garbage dewatering process also needs the supporting drying chamber that arranges.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of simple in structure, easily manufactured, energy-conserving and environment-protective are provided, are heated evenly, without emissions and can effectively realize the Harmless dehydrator of material dewatering.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is a kind of Harmless dehydrator, comprise feed end, dehydrator body and discharge end, described feed end, discharge end are tightly connected with described dehydrator body respectively, be respectively equipped with the outlet of high-temperature steam import and high-temperature steam on described Harmless dehydrator, described dehydrator body is a rotary transport box, is laid with copy plate and broken bag cutter on the inwall of described dehydrator body.
In above-mentioned Harmless dehydrator, described copy plate preferably arranges and is strip (arc bends), copy plate is fixed on the inwall of described dehydrator body, its quantity and position distribution there is no strict restriction, as long as roughly extended to discharge end by feed end, can be that straight line extends, even can be around the inwall of dehydrator body helix and extend; Described broken bag cutter preferably is spiral yarn shaped, the outside of described broken bag cutter inwall one side of dehydrator body (namely near) is spaced apart is provided with a plurality of draw-in grooves, described broken bag cutter is fastened on described copy plate by described draw-in groove, and the inboard of described broken bag cutter (i.e. a side of close dehydrator body gyroaxis) offers sawtooth.
In above-mentioned Harmless dehydrator, described copy plate preferably is comprised of the connecting plate at the back side and positive wearing plate stack, and described connecting plate and wearing plate are affixed by securing member, so that improve the service life of copy plate.The quantity of described copy plate is preferably a plurality of, this moment, copy plate preferably was arranged to axially along linearly extended strip, each copy plate extends axially along described dehydrator body, each copy plate is fixed on the inwall of dehydrator body equally spacedly, and it is tabular that the slight bending of described copy plate is an arc.
As the further improvement to above-mentioned Harmless dehydrator, broach labyrinth gland spare is preferably adopted in being tightly connected between described feed end, discharge end and described dehydrator body, the broach of described packing spare is that high and low interval is arranged, the centre of described packing spare is provided with the air slot that leads to outside wireway.
In above-mentioned Harmless dehydrator, described high-temperature steam import can be arranged on feed end or discharge end, but preferably is located at feed end; Described feed end also preferably is provided with the feed chute that is connected to outside shaftless DWG.
In above-mentioned Harmless dehydrator, described high-temperature steam outlet can be arranged on feed end or discharge end, but preferably is located at discharge end, and described discharge end also preferably is provided with the two flap valves that are communicated to outside shaftless single-screw conveyer.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: Harmless dehydrator of the present invention mainly is applicable to the processing mode of material being dewatered by high-temperature steam or high temperature air, especially be specially adapted to the sterilization dehydration in the treatment of urban garbage process, after in the sterilization dehydration that Harmless dehydrator of the present invention is applied to material (for example garbage disposal), thermal source (referring to especially high-temperature steam) can directly enter in dehydrator and contact with rubbish, to realize effective, harmless sterilization and the dehydration to rubbish.Harmless dehydrator of the present invention is not only to the homogeneous heating of material, and heat time heating time is short, and thermal source is easy to control, can adjust within the specific limits; And, because Harmless dehydrator of the present invention is mainly to utilize fume afterheat, rather than heat by other energy resource supply mode, therefore Harmless dehydrator of the present invention is not only simple in structure, low cost of manufacture, and take full advantage of existing energy resources, energy-conserving and environment-protective, this is the recycling of domestic waste from now on, and treatment facility and prerequisite in earlier stage are provided, and has practical value preferably.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of Harmless dehydrator in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view at A-A place in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing at C place in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view at B-B place in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing at D place in Fig. 4.
Marginal data:
1, feed end; 11, high-temperature steam import; 12, manhole access door; 2, dehydrator body; 21, band gear wheel bracing or strutting arrangement; 22, common bracing or strutting arrangement; 23, transmission device; 24, copy plate; 241, connecting plate; 242, wearing plate; 243, securing member; 25, broken bag cutter; 251, draw-in groove; 252, sawtooth; 3, discharge end; 31, high-temperature steam outlet; 32, dust separation plate; 4, packing spare; 41, broach; 42, air slot; 43, spring leaf; 5, feed chute; 6, two flap valves.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment.
Embodiment:
A kind of as Fig. 1~Harmless dehydrator of the present invention shown in Figure 5, comprise feed end 1, dehydrator body 2 and discharge end 3, feed end 1, discharge end 3 are tightly connected with dehydrator body 2 respectively, the feed end 1 of Harmless dehydrator is provided with high-temperature steam import 11(and enters for high-temperature steam), discharge end 3 is provided with high-temperature steam outlet 31, high-temperature steam import 11 and high-temperature steam outlet 31 are communicated with the steam conveying pipe of outside waste heat recovery by suction flange, outlet(discharge) flange respectively, and form circulation.The dehydrator body 2 of the present embodiment is a horizontal rotary transport box, is cylindric (draw ratio of cylinder is 4.8 left and right), and cylinder outer wall can be laid heat-insulation layer; The front and rear of this dehydrator body 2 supports by band gear wheel bracing or strutting arrangement 21 and common bracing or strutting arrangement 22 respectively, and the middle part is equipped with a transmission device 23 and is rotated around the center steering axle to realize himself.The Harmless dehydrator of the present embodiment becomes an inclination angle with horizontal plane, namely feed end 1 will be higher than discharge end 3, to realize the automatic transport of material in dehydrator body 2.
In the present embodiment, be laid with copy plate 24 and broken bag cutter 25 on the inwall of dehydrator body 2.The axial linearly strip of shape of copy plate 24, be provided with altogether eight copy plates 24 in the present embodiment, each copy plate 24 extends axially along the gyroaxis of dehydrator body 2, and each copy plate 24 is fixed on the inwall of dehydrator body 2, and equidistantly distributes along the circumferencial direction of cylinder inner wall.In the present embodiment, every copy plate 24 all forms (replacing after wearing plate conveniently weares and teares is set) by connecting plate 241 and positive wearing plate 242 stacks at the back side, connecting plate 241 and wearing plate 242 are affixed by securing member 243, and it is tabular that the radially slight bending of copy plate 24 is an arc.In the present embodiment, broken bag cutter 25 is spiral yarn shaped, and lay around the inwall of dehydrator body 2, the outside of broken bag cutter 25 inwall one side of dehydrator body (namely near) is spaced apart is provided with a plurality of draw-in grooves 251, broken bag cutter 25 is fastened on copy plate 24 by draw-in groove 251, and the inboard of broken bag cutter 25 (i.e. a side of close dehydrator body gyroaxis) offers sawtooth 252.
The Harmless dehydrator of the present embodiment is divided into dynamic and static two parts, dehydrator body 2 is motion parts, and feed end 1 and discharge end 3 are stationary part (being the equal of the outer cover that covers on dehydrator body 2 two ends), and the two ends of dehydrator body 2 can realize relatively rotating with feed end 1 and discharge end 3 respectively.excessive in order to prevent the gas in the present embodiment Harmless dehydrator, being tightly connected between the two ends of dehydrator body 2 and feed end 1 and discharge end 3 is to realize by broach labyrinth gland spare 4, as shown in Figure 5, this packing spare 4 is between the cylindrical outer wall of the case of outer cover and dehydrator body 2, the broach 41 of this packing spare 4 is high, low tone is every layout, cylinder outer wall is got on the bus fluted, case wall in the middle of two packing spares 4 is provided with the air slot 42 that leads to outside wireway, establish spring leaf 43 between packing spare 4 and outer cover case, packing spare 4 is by wear-resisting, the soft material of matter is made, make the cylinder gap of case and motion be controlled between 0.6mm~0.8mm.Owing to adopting broach labyrinth gland mode, this has just increased the circulating resistance of gas, owing to also being provided with air slot 42 between two packing spares 4, this just can effectively derive the steam, air, foul smell etc. that enter air slot 42, and cause the outside equipment such as condenser, guarantee can not occur the excessive and interior stream of pernicious gas, effectively improve security, heat transfer efficiency and the thermal efficiency of equipment.
In the Harmless dehydrator of the present embodiment, feed end 1 also is provided with the feed chute 5 that is connected to outside shaftless DWG, the bottom of feed end 1 is provided with manhole access door 12, also is provided with the two flap valves 6 that are communicated to outside shaftless single-screw conveyer on discharge end 3.When charging, discharging owing to being used in conjunction with shaftless DWG and shaftless single-screw conveyer, these two kinds of conveying devices have good sealing effectiveness, and do not have rubbish and be wound around, and adopt during discharging two flap valves 6 period of staggering to open, guarantee that further steam, foul smell are not excessive.Discharge end 3 also can by dust separation plate 32 is installed, by the inertia of dust motion, with dust separation, reduce the amount of dust that imports steam.
the Harmless dehydrator of above-mentioned the present embodiment is specially adapted in following domestic garbage comprehensive treatment technology, this treatment process comprises fragmentation, the sterilization dehydration, screening and burn down step, the high-temperature flue gas that produces after burning and a steam heater carry out heat exchange and form high-temperature steam (260 ℃~280 ℃), high-temperature steam is used for providing heat energy to sterilization dehydration, high-temperature steam mainly is back to steam heater (sub-fraction Low Temperature Thermal steam can be transported to condenser to carry out condensation process or be delivered to the occasion that other need UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN) in sterilization dehydration through the Low Temperature Steam (121 ℃~141 ℃) that forms after heat exchange, carry out the circular treatment of next round with the heat energy of reuptaking hot flue gas.
the Harmless dehydrator of the present embodiment can be arranged on the dehydration of sterilizing in the sterilization dehydration of above-mentioned treatment process, its operation principle is: deliver into feed chute 5 through the domestic waste after fragmentation through shaftless DWG, be delivered into by feed chute 5 in the inner chamber of dehydrator body 2, the high-temperature steam that UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN forms also enters into the inner chamber of dehydrator body 2 by high-temperature steam import 11, dehydrator body 2 is rotated counterclockwise around self gyroaxis with the rotating speed (frequency control) of 4~6 rpm by 23 beginnings of its transmission device, pressure in dehydrator body 2 is controlled to be normal pressure (may produce negative influence to the operation of Harmless dehydrator when pressure oscillation is arranged, for example when negative pressure occurring in dehydrator, extraneous air may be introduced in dehydrator, and then the heat-transfer effect between reduction steam and material and the thermal efficiency of Harmless dehydrator, and when malleation appears in tank interior, steam and foul smell in tank body are discharged outside dehydrator, bring adverse effect to external environment condition, even the danger of scald may be arranged to producers), rubbish is 0.136~0.2 at the interior activity coefficient of dehydrator body 2, due to the rotation of dehydrator body 2 and the material copy drive of copy plate 24, rubbish body begins to move in a circle with the revolution of dehydrator body 2, be that rubbish body first drives up motion by copy plate 24, discharged by copy plate 24 again when moving to the height point place of inwall, then substantially be a vertical landing track, just constantly be lifted at rubbish, discharge, in the motion of falling, make in the inner chamber of dehydrator body 2 and be scattered, be flooded with a large amount of rubbish bodies, because the medial end of broken bag cutter 25 is provided with sawtooth 252, rubbish body is under Action of Gravity Field and under the rotatablely moving of broken bag cutter 25, itself and sawtooth 252 constantly relatively move, make that in rubbish body, material constantly is torn, realize further refuse breaking, and by the high-temperature steam of high-temperature steam import 11 input in the process that is flowed to discharge end 3 by feed end 1, high-temperature steam generation Turbulence Flow, be scattered in itself and cavity, the rubbish body that is full of is realized fully contact, carry out violent convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, the heat of steam is constantly passed to rubbish heats up rubbish, when rubbish body is heated to 100 ℃ of left and right, in rubbish body, moisture is vaporized strongly, becoming steam discharges, and then complete the dehydration of rubbish, along with the temperature of rubbish body further be heated to more than 100 ℃ after (121 ℃ of left and right), just can play good sterilization functions, rubbish body is in making the circular motion process, due to Harmless dehydrator horizontal by a small angle inclination (a little higher than discharge end 3 of feed end 1), therefore the actual motion track of rubbish body is circular motion and proal stack, namely present a screw movement track, in the process that just constantly rises, lands at rubbish, rubbish is slowly passed to discharge end 3 from feed end 1, drops to shaftless single-screw conveyer from two flap valves 6 of discharge end 3 at last and exports Harmless dehydrator.The time of staying of rubbish in Harmless dehydrator generally can reach about 45 minutes, so can also play good sterilization effect in dehydration, dehydration rate generally can reach 13%~15%.