CN102411793A - Object display method in three-dimensional scene - Google Patents
Object display method in three-dimensional scene Download PDFInfo
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- CN102411793A CN102411793A CN2011102289991A CN201110228999A CN102411793A CN 102411793 A CN102411793 A CN 102411793A CN 2011102289991 A CN2011102289991 A CN 2011102289991A CN 201110228999 A CN201110228999 A CN 201110228999A CN 102411793 A CN102411793 A CN 102411793A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an object display method in a three-dimensional scene, which is used for displaying a highly-simulative three-dimensional object in the three-dimensional scene by using an entity picture in place of the conventional model technology, and belongs to the technical field of computer graphic virtual imaging. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, taking pictures of the object in an equant and surrounding mode according to an observation angle and an actual rotation angle in the actual three-dimensional scene and making an outer part of a profile of the object transparent; then, calculating according to different visual angles and displaying by using correct pictures, and three-dimensionally processing the pictures by using a billboard technology, an alpha transparency technology and a deep buffer technology; and finally, tilting the pictures according to calculated axial tilt angles for displaying center distance relations of the pictures and the visual scene, and placing the pictures in the three-dimensional interactive scene to display by using the billboard technology. By using the method, the reality of a model in the three-dimensional scene can be effectively improved, the model manufacturing time is effectively shortened by using a picture taking mode in place of modeling, and the technical complexity is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to real-time rendering three-dimensional body method in the Three-Dimensional Dynamic scene, relate in particular to a kind of usefulness photo in kind and substitute conventional model is simulated the three-dimensional body that shows height emulation in three-dimensional scenic method.Belong to computer application field, particularly computer graphics, virtual image technical field.
Background technology
Three-dimensional real-time virtual display technique has been widely used in the fields such as recreation, virtual emulation, and it has powerful interaction capabilities and three dimensions demonstrates one's ability.But under, the hardware condition soft at existing computing machine, three-dimensional model is made complicated, and the model emulation degree is low, when three-dimensional rendering not as good as object picture and video.This can't reach three-dimensional real-time virtual display technique can to keep powerful interactive simulation shows object that again can high emulation.
At present be the displaying that the set model of utilization is simulated three-dimensional body in the Computerized three-dimensional analogue system, the technology of current use mainly is following two kinds:
Modeling technique based on image: by angle material object is sampled, calculate through computing machine and generate three-dimensional model, be reduced to final mask then, simultaneously analogue formation superficial makings pinup picture.
Technological based on the modeling tool software modeling: utilization modeling tool software, produce three-dimensional model by material object, simultaneously analogue formation superficial makings pinup picture.
Existing these two kinds of mainstream technologys all need modelling software to set up the model of object, also need graphic making software to come the texture mapping on analogue formation surface.But under existing computer software hardware condition, three-dimensional model is made complicated, and the model emulation degree is low, even if when three-dimensional rendering, can produce profile, the profile of real-world object, and the validity that also too late object picture and video can reach.This can't reach three-dimensional real-time virtual display technique can to keep powerful interactive simulation shows object that again can high emulation.
Because the three-dimensional artificial system to model low spot face number, controls the requirement of texture mapping population size, making the very difficulty that these technology become needs the producer that very high technical capability and application experience are arranged when using simultaneously.
In view of this, this area inventor is to the problems referred to above, developed the object display packing in a kind of new three-dimensional scenic, improving the validity of showing object, and reduces producer's fabrication techniques difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to; Provide a kind of photo to play up technology for mould; Promptly use the photo of real-world object, alternative model is played up in three-dimensional scenic, reaches a kind of technical method of virtual emulation; Overcome the shortcoming of existing model rendering technology; Thereby be implemented under the three-dimensional simulated environment, the indifference of real-world object shows, comprises the angular relationship of hiding relation, object and other object of other object in each surface, object and the scene of size, the anglec of rotation, position relation and object of object in the scene etc.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Object display packing in the said three-dimensional scenic may further comprise the steps:
The object that 1) will in three-dimensional scenic, use is placed in the camera shooting area, and according to eyes viewing angle in the three-dimensional scenic, the angle during according to the three-dimensional scenic interaction changes demand, and five equilibrium is opened object picture around taking n.Obtain object picture group P [1], P [2], P [3]; P [4]; P [5] ... P [n], n are viewing angle number in the practical application three-dimensional scenic shows fine and smooth degree decision by 360 degree five equilibriums and current three-dimensional scenic object; The number of viewing angle is identical with number of pictures, but three-dimensional scenic change of perspective number is identical in the i.e. number of n and the practical application.
Wherein, three-dimensional scenic is meant what the real-time three-dimensional graph technology that uses a computer showed, the three-dimensional environment image that virtual emulation shows.
The eyes viewing angle is meant the angle number of degrees of eyes and level ground, angle can be 30 spend to 60 the degree between arbitrarily angled, preferred 30 spend to 45 the degree.
Five equilibrium is an initial point around being meant with the observation point, and observation point is branch angles such as radius rotation to eye position.
2) utilize the picture handling implement that the photo in the said step 1) is handled the background parts beyond the target object profile is done transparent processing, the photo storage that will handle successively is the unified group of photos G [1] of size, G [2], G [3], G [4], G [5] ... G [n]; The numerical value of n is identical with the numerical value of n in the said step 1).
Wherein, the content beyond the target object in the photo being done the technology of transparent processing can be referring to the bibliographical information of " Fundamentals of Computer Graphics ".
3) confirm the said step 2 that object should show in the three-dimensional scenic under different visual angles) in the photo sequence number; According to formula A=F+H*n/360; Wherein the object picture initial sequence number is F, and the new visual angle of current eyes is H with initial visual angle angle promptly, and photo adds up to n; Calculating A is final employed photo sequence number under the new visual angle, calls G [A] and is final employed photo under the new visual angle.
4) viewpoint among the utilization billboard is towards technology; Alpha transparent technology, Z-buffering are handled photo in the said step 3), and the photo after feasible the processing is all the time towards the observer; Object has transparent feel in the photo in three-dimensional scenic, blocking in the photo between object, size relation; Bulletin board technology among the utilization billboard is tied to the photo of handling on the bulletin board.
Wherein, Billboard technology, alpha transparent technology, Z-buffering all are prior aries, all can be referring to the bibliographical information of " Fundamentals of Computer Graphics ".
Viewpoint in the Billboard technology is meant normal vector parallel lines of sight direction all the time towards technology, and promptly all Billboard of scene use same rotation matrix, can't simulate the deformation effect of perspective projection like this.When the visual angle of camera and the visual angle of true human eye are consistent, or the visual angle is with Billboard all less the time, and the effect of distortion can be ignored, and the normal direction of Billboard can be taken as the parallel lines of sight direction at this moment.Otherwise the normal direction of Billboard should be taken as the line from viewpoint to the Billboard center.Bulletin board technology in the Billboard technology be with the photo paving in a rectangular pieces perpendicular to ground, form binding relationship, rectangular pieces is described bulletin board.
The Alpha transparent technology is meant and is used for making object to produce the technology of transparent feel, such as the fuzzy transparent scene that physics such as permeate water, glass are seen, is the technology that a kind of 3D of letting object produces transparent feel.
The depth buffered process of handling the picture depth coordinate that is meant in three-dimensional picture, the z coordinate that the value in depth buffered is used as a point is called as ZBuffer, can realize in the three-dimensional scenic through depth buffered. the hiding relation that object is far and near.
Needing when 5) bulletin board in the said step 4) shows in three-dimensional scenic has the angle of inclination with the visual angle center position, and its method is that bulletin board is placed on C in the three-dimensional scenic (x, y; Z) some place, scene visual angle central point be W (x, y, z); The angle of inclination of current said photo and surface level is X axle a, Y axle b, Z axle c, a=(Cx-Wx)/k; B=(Cy-Wy)/k, c=(Cz-Wz)/k, k is 20 for the inclination coefficient value; Can confirm said bulletin board correct angle and mutual angular relationship in three-dimensional scenic through result of calculation, thereby simulation has realized the size of object in scene, hiding relation.
6) bulletin board of binding photo in the said step 5) is placed into each relevant position in the three-dimensional scenic by the method for said step 3), promptly can be implemented in the demonstration of object in the three-dimensional scenic.
Owing to adopted above technical method; The present invention compared with prior art; Object display packing in the three-dimensional scenic of the present invention is played up The Application of Technology through photo for mould, and exhibition method is improved to photo display from the three-dimensional model displaying; Can really indiscriminately in the three-dimensional artificial system, show object, improve the three-dimensional artificial bandwagon effect.Reduce cost of manufacture, Production Time simultaneously and also simplified the making flow process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a shooting synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the object display packing in the three-dimensional scenic among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is for observing the design sketch that the double bed visual angle is 30 degree with the 30 degree modes of overlooking in the three-dimensional interactive scene among the embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is for spending the design sketch that the modes of overlooking are observed the initial visual angle of sofa tea table suit with 45 in the three-dimensional interactive scene among the embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is for observing the design sketch that sofa tea table suit visual angle is 36 degree with the 45 degree modes of overlooking in the three-dimensional interactive scene among the embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is for observing the design sketch that sofa tea table suit visual angle is 72 degree with the 45 degree modes of overlooking in the three-dimensional interactive scene among the embodiment 2.
Fig. 7 is for observing the design sketch that sofa tea table suit visual angle is 144 degree with the 45 degree modes of overlooking in the three-dimensional interactive scene among the embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in the restriction scope of the present invention.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, usually according to normal condition, or the condition of advising according to manufacturer.
Embodiment 1
This method is the object display packing in a kind of three-dimensional scenic, is the method that in three-dimensional scenic, shows the three-dimensional body of height emulation with photo alternative model in kind.This method method is divided into simulation and makes part and three-dimensional rendering part, and process flow diagram is as shown in Figure 2.
In embodiment 1, adopt Sumo paint image processing software.
The manufacturing process that part is made in simulation is: step S201, step S202, step S203, step S204, step S205.
At step S201, double bed of target object is placed in certain space, object or capture apparatus are moved along circumference get final product.
At step S202, by the viewing angle of eyes in the actual three-dimensional scenic, choosing 30 degree in the present embodiment, to overlook the shooting angle angle as shown in fig. 1 of mode be θ=30 degree.
At step S203, the convertible angle number that is rotated counterclockwise observation in the actual three-dimensional scenic is divided into 12 parts, every part 30 degree.
Repeating step S202, S203 take the photo of a double bed of 12 said target objects, with the said initial photo called after P [1] that obtains, P [2], P [3], P [4], P [5] ... P [12] processes the object group of photos.
At step S204,, the part beyond double bed profile of target object described in the said initial photo is done transparent processing by the profile of a double bed of said target object.
At step S205, all object pictures of handling are stored as the PNG form, pixel size is 256X256; With the display photos called after G [1] that obtains, G [2], G [3], G [4], G [5] ... G [12] processes the display photos group.
So far, simulation is made partly and is all completed.
The manufacturing process of three-dimensional rendering part is: step S206, step S207, step S208, step S209.
At step S206; Calculate the sequence number of the said display photos that said object shows under the different visual angles in three-dimensional scenic; Can obtain the said display photos sequence number of said object under new visual angle according to computing formula: A=F+H*n/360, and obtain corresponding said display photos further, the object picture initial sequence number is F in the said formula; The new visual angle of current eyes is H with initial visual angle angle promptly; Photo adds up to n, and A is the said display photos sequence number of using under the said new visual angle, calls the said display photos that G [A] uses down for said new visual angle.In the present embodiment, in the time will being adjusted into the visual angle that is rotated counterclockwise 30 degree from initial visual angle, F=1, the H=30 degree, n=12 calculates A=2, and the photo that promptly under new visual angle, shows is G [2].
At step S207; Viewpoint in the utilization billboard technology is towards technology; Alpha transparent technology, Z-buffering are handled photo, with the photo that guarantees to obtain all the time towards the observer; Object has transparent feel in the photo in three-dimensional scenic, and object forms actual hiding relation and size relation by far and near distance.The photo of handling well is tied on the bulletin board in the billboard technology.
At step S208, calculate the axial inclination of bulletin board and sight line scene center distance relation, bulletin board is placed on three-dimensional scenic C (x, y, z) point; Scene visual angle central point is that (z), the angle of inclination of current bulletin board and surface level is X axle a to W, Y axle b for x, y; Z axle c, a=(Cx-Wx)/k, b=(Cy-Wy)/k, c=(Cz-Wz)/k, k is 20 for the inclination coefficient value; C point coordinate C (0,0,0), W point coordinate W (0,0; 20), calculate a=0, b=0, C=-1; Be bulletin board plane and Z axle clamp angle-1 degree, obtain the final bulletin board that shows object in three-dimensional scenic, when bulletin board is placed into each relevant position of three-dimensional scenic, just can simulate like this and realize the size of object in three-dimensional scenic, hiding relation.Thereby finally realized the demonstration of object in three-dimensional scenic.
At step S209, the visual angle during according to interaction after the conversion, the display photos of double bed in the replacement scene, and repeating step S208 obtains the new pitch angle of bulletin board.
So far, three-dimensional rendering part part all completes.
Effect according to object in the three-dimensional scenic of said method completion shows is as shown in Figure 3, has reflected the effect of observing double bed 30 degree visual angles with the 30 degree modes of overlooking.
Embodiment 2
This method is the object display packing in a kind of three-dimensional scenic, is the method that in three-dimensional scenic, shows the three-dimensional body of height emulation with photo alternative model in kind.This method method is divided into simulation and makes part and three-dimensional rendering part, and process flow diagram is as shown in Figure 2.
In embodiment 2, adopt photoshop 9.0 image processing softwares.
The manufacturing process that part is made in simulation is: step S201, step S202, step S203, step S204, step S205.
At step S201, target object sofa tea table suit is placed in certain space, object or capture apparatus are moved along circumference get final product.
At step S202, by the viewing angle of eyes in the actual three-dimensional scenic, choosing 45 degree in the present embodiment, to overlook the shooting angle angle as shown in fig. 1 of mode be θ=45 degree.
At step S203, the convertible angle number of observing that turns clockwise in the actual three-dimensional scenic is divided into 10 parts, every part 36 degree.
Repeating step S202, S203 take the photo of 10 said target object sofa tea table suits, with the said initial photo called after P [1] that obtains, P [2], P [3], P [4], P [5] ... P [10] processes the object group of photos.
At step S204,, the part beyond the profile of target object sofa tea table suit described in the said initial photo is done transparent processing by the profile of said target object sofa tea table suit.
At step S205, all object pictures of handling are stored as the PNG form, pixel size is 512X512; With the display photos called after G [1] that obtains, G [2], G [3], G [4], G [5] ... G [10] processes the display photos group.
So far, simulation is made partly and is all completed.
The manufacturing process of three-dimensional rendering part is: step S206, step S207, step S208, step S209.
At step S206; Calculate the sequence number of the said display photos that said object shows under the different visual angles in three-dimensional scenic; Can obtain the said display photos sequence number of said object under new visual angle according to computing formula: A=F+H*n/360, and obtain corresponding said display photos further, the object picture initial sequence number is F in the said formula; The new visual angle of current eyes is H with initial visual angle angle promptly; Photo adds up to n, and A is the said display photos sequence number of using under the said new visual angle, calls the said display photos that G [A] uses down for said new visual angle.In the present embodiment, in the time will being adjusted into the visual angle of 36 degree that turn clockwise from initial visual angle, F=1, the H=36 degree, n=10 calculates A=2, and the photo that promptly under new visual angle, shows is G [2]; In the time will being adjusted into the visual angle of 72 degree that turn clockwise from initial visual angle, F=1, the H=72 degree, n=10 calculates A=3, and the photo that promptly under new visual angle, shows is G [3]; In the time will being adjusted into the visual angle of 144 degree that turn clockwise from initial visual angle, F=1, the H=144 degree, n=10 calculates A=5, and the photo that promptly under new visual angle, shows is G [5].
At step S207; Viewpoint in the utilization billboard technology is towards technology; Alpha transparent technology, Z-buffering are handled photo, with the photo that guarantees to obtain all the time towards the observer; Object has transparent feel in the photo in three-dimensional scenic, and object forms actual hiding relation and size relation by far and near distance.The photo of handling well is tied on the bulletin board in the billboard technology.
At step S208, calculate the axial inclination of said bulletin board and sight line scene center distance relation, bulletin board is placed on three-dimensional scenic C (x, y, z) point; Scene visual angle central point is that (z), the angle of inclination of current said bulletin board and surface level is X axle a to W, Y axle b for x, y; Z axle c, a=(Cx-Wx)/k, b=(Cy-Wy)/k, c=(Cz-Wz)/k, k is 20 for the inclination coefficient value; C point coordinate C (0,0,0), W point coordinate W (0,0; 50), calculate a=0, b=0, C=-2.5; Be bulletin board and Z axle clamp angle-2.5 degree, obtain the final bulletin board that shows object in three-dimensional scenic, when bulletin board is placed into each relevant position of three-dimensional scenic, just can simulate like this and realize the size of object in three-dimensional scenic, hiding relation.Thereby finally realized the demonstration of object in three-dimensional scenic.
At step S209, sofa tea table suit display photos in the scene is replaced at the visual angle during according to interaction after the conversion, and repeating step S208, obtains the new pitch angle of bulletin board
So far, three-dimensional rendering part part all completes.
Effect according to object in the three-dimensional scenic of said method completion shows is as shown in Figure 4, has reflected the effect of observing the initial visual angle of sofa tea table suit with the 45 degree modes of overlooking; As shown in Figure 5, reflected the effect of observing sofa tea table suit 36 degree visual angles with the 45 degree modes of overlooking; As shown in Figure 6, reflected the effect of observing sofa tea table suit 72 degree visual angles with the 45 degree modes of overlooking; As shown in Figure 7, reflected the effect of observing sofa tea table suit 144 degree visual angles with the 45 degree modes of overlooking
Can know that to sum up the object display packing in the three-dimensional scenic of the present invention is played up The Application of Technology through photo for mould, and exhibition method shows from three-dimensional model and is improved to photo display that compared with prior art, its advantage is following
1) can really indiscriminately in the three-dimensional artificial system, show object, improve the three-dimensional artificial bandwagon effect.
2) simplified the problem that the modeling workload that traditional modeling caused is big, modelled process requires height, the distortion of model three-dimensional artificial bandwagon effect greatly.
3) also reduce cost of manufacture, Production Time with the making of photo alternative model and also simplified the making flow process.
Should be appreciated that; Above-described embodiment only is used to explain technological thought of the present invention, method and characteristics; Its purpose is to make those skilled in the art can understand content of the present invention and implements according to this, therefore, can not only limit claim of the present invention with present embodiment; Be all equal variation, modification or replacements of doing according to disclosed spirit, still drop in the claim of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the object display packing in the three-dimensional scenic is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) with camera take will be in three-dimensional scenic the photo of objects displayed, to said photo numbering, form group of photos;
2) choosing said photo different visual angles in three-dimensional scenic shows;
3) the said photo of choosing being done three-dimensional rendering handles;
4) photo after the said processing is placed in the three-dimensional scenic.
2. the object display packing in the three-dimensional scenic according to claim 1 is characterized in that said step 1) shot object photo method, the object that will in three-dimensional scenic, use; Be placed in the camera shooting area, according to actual observation angle in the three-dimensional scenic, five equilibrium is around shot object; Angle during according to the three-dimensional scenic interaction changes demand, takes n and opens photo, and n is a viewing angle number in the practical application three-dimensional scenic; Show fine and smooth degree decision by 360 degree five equilibriums and current three-dimensional scenic object, the number of viewing angle is identical with number of pictures, uses image processing software that said object picture is handled; Background parts beyond the contour of object in the said object picture is done transparent processing, and the photo storage after the said processing is the unified group of photos G [1] of size, G [2]; G [3], G [4], G [5] ... G [n]; N is the photo sequence number, and its numerical value equates with number of pictures.
3. the object display packing in the three-dimensional scenic according to claim 1 is characterized in that said step 2) choosing method of photo, according to formula: A=F+H*n/360; Confirm the photo sequence number that object shows in the three-dimensional scenic under different visual angles; F is the object picture initial sequence number in the formula, H be the new visual angle of current eyes promptly with initial visual angle angle, n is a photo sum; Calculating A is the photo sequence number of using under the new visual angle, and G [A] is following the photo that will choose in new visual angle.
4. the object display packing in the three-dimensional scenic according to claim 1; It is characterized in that said step 3) three-dimensional rendering handles the method for said photo, the viewpoint among the utilization billboard makes photo all the time towards the observer towards technology; Utilization alpha transparent technology; Make that objects displayed has transparent feel in three-dimensional scenic, the utilization Z-buffering, make in the three-dimensional scenic correctly between object block, the size relation.
5. the object display packing in the three-dimensional scenic according to claim 1 is characterized in that the laying method of photo described in the said step 4) three-dimensional scenic, and the bulletin board technology among the utilization billboard is bound photo on bulletin board, and bulletin board is placed on C (x in the three-dimensional scenic; Y, z) some place, scene visual angle central point is W (x, y; Z), calculate the angle of inclination X axle a of bulletin board and surface level, Y axle b; Z axle c, a=(Cx-Wx)/k, b=(Cy-Wy)/k; C=(Cz-Wz)/k, k is 20 for the inclination coefficient value, places bulletin board in three-dimensional scenic by bulletin board that calculates and center position angle of inclination, visual angle.
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| CN106780769A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-31 | 王征 | It is a kind of to reduce threedimensional model drawing system and method for drafting that close objects are blocked |
| CN106780769B (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2020-11-13 | 太炫科技(南京)有限公司 | Three-dimensional model drawing system and method for reducing shielding of close-distance object |
| CN111275813A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-12 | 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 | Data processing method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN111773706A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-10-16 | 网易（杭州）网络有限公司 | Rendering method and device of game scene |
| CN113691796A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-23 | 福建凯米网络科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional scene interaction method through two-dimensional simulation and computer-readable storage medium |
| CN113691796B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-06-02 | 福建凯米网络科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional scene interaction method through two-dimensional simulation and computer readable storage medium |
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