CN102419710A - Method for repairing Grub boot loader based on Anaconda - Google Patents
Method for repairing Grub boot loader based on Anaconda Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102419710A CN102419710A CN2010102945816A CN201010294581A CN102419710A CN 102419710 A CN102419710 A CN 102419710A CN 2010102945816 A CN2010102945816 A CN 2010102945816A CN 201010294581 A CN201010294581 A CN 201010294581A CN 102419710 A CN102419710 A CN 102419710A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- boot loader
- grub
- grub boot
- configuration
- repairing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Stored Programmes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for repairing a Grub boot loader based on Anaconda. In the invention, by abandoning the traditional method for repairing the Grub boot loader through a grubinstall command, the repairing of the Grub boot loader is realized by calling a program interface provided by the Anaconda through a python program. In addition, according to the invention, an encryption function to the Grub boot loader is realized, kernel parameters are transmitted, and an installation position of the Grub boot loader can be customized. The method mainly comprises three steps of registering, configuring and repairing, and overcomes the defects of the prior art that the repairing of the Grub boot loader is incomplete, the operation steps are complicated, the requirements on the capability of an executor are high, an operation interface is unfriendly, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of the Grub of reparation Boot loader, repair the method for Grub Boot loader under especially a kind of linux system based on Anaconda.
Background technology
Usually the user installation (SuSE) Linux OS all is that Grub is installed on the MBR; But; For various reasons; For example Installation of W indows operating system is being installed on the machine of Linux again or, may removing the data of MBR, thereby cause linux system can't find Grub can't start mounted linux system because data are cleaned in maloperation.
Main solution has following three kinds of modes at present:
1) Linux environment Live CD repairs Grub
At present the (SuSE) Linux OS of main flow such as Ubuntu provide Live CD with Fedora series, and the environment that provides through Live CD can utilize the order reparation of reparation boot, and its concrete operations flow process is as shown in Figure 1;
2) Linux environment rescue pattern is repaired Grub
Such as the RHEL5 optical disk start-up time, provide the rescue pattern to be used for repairing the mistake of installation system, same this pattern also can be repaired the Grub Boot loader, and its concrete workflow is as shown in Figure 2;
3) Windows environment grub4dos instrument is repaired Grub
Under the Windows environment, can utilize the grub4dos instrument to get into the Grub environment, repair Grub through related command and parameter, its concrete operations flow process is as shown in Figure 3.
The solution of widespread usage is exactly above three kinds of modes at present.More than three kinds of modes principle of repairing the Grub Boot loader all be the same, promptly external command---grubinstall realizes, and has a common problem: ease for use is poor through operation.More than three kinds of solutions aspect ease for use, have following problem:
1) repairs Grub Boot loader imperfection
The prior art scheme only provides basic repair to the Grub Boot loader, has only accomplished to repair can guide operating system afterwards, lacks through transmitting the function that parameter realizes self-defined Grub Boot loader.
2) operation steps is complicated
Can find out through above operational flowchart; The reparation of accomplishing the Grub Boot loader needs the step of 5 complicacies at least; And almost each step all need be imported number order and parameter, and importing also possibly need restarting systems when inaccurate, brings unnecessary trouble.
3) higher to implementer's Capability Requirement
Above scheme requires the implementer that linux system and Grub working machine are shaped on deep understanding of going into can to implement, and for general Linux user, this repair mode is a kind of challenge.
4) operation interface is unfriendly
Existing several kinds of solutions are not that unified software or step are repaired Grub, so a whole set of software interface of neither one supplies user interactions.The user can only pass through editor's configuration file, and through carrying out the reparation order at the terminal with the mode of order line, brings very big inconvenience for repairing to operate.
5) can not encrypt the Grub Boot loader
Existing solution is not provided as Grub Boot loader method of encrypting, for the system that safety coefficient is had relatively high expectations, has potential safety hazard.
6) can not transmit kernel parameter for the Grub Boot loader
Existing solution can not be transmitted kernel parameter, in the time of can't satisfying the user-initiated actions system according to the preference of oneself or the kernel parameter of demand self-defining operation system bootstrap.
7) installation site that can not self-defined Grub Boot loader
Existing solution can not self-defined Grub Boot loader the installation site.Existing settling mode can only be installed to MBR with the Grub Boot loader, does not support to be installed to other subregion.Can not satisfy the demand of User Defined installation site.
The explanation of nouns of the relevant technical terms that the present invention relates to:
Grub:GNU GRUB (being called for short " GRUB ") is a multiple operating system start-up routine from the GNU project.GRUB is the realizations that start standard more, and it allows the user can in computing machine, have a plurality of operating systems simultaneously, and when computer starting, selects to hope the operating system of operation.GRUB can be used for the different kernels on the selection operation system partitioning, also can be used for transmitting start-up parameter to these kernels.
MBR: full name is Master Boot Record, the i.e. MBR of hard disk.
Live CD: promptly can directly guide CD into available linux system.
The reparation pattern of the rescue pattern of Linux: Linux can directly start from boot media, gets into and repairs the repairing environment that (SuSE) Linux OS has been installed.
Grub4dos:grub4dos is outstanding two (many) system bootstraps softwares, uses GRUB4DOS can guide various operating systems very easily, such as DOS, Windows, Linux etc.
Anaconda installation procedure: Anaconda is the installation administration formula of Red Hat Linux and Fedora.It is write as with Python and C language, is write as with the PyGTK of figure and the python-newt interface of literal.It can be used for installing automatically disposing, and the user can be moved with the supervision of minimum.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the different another kind of recovery technique of a kind of and existing Grub Boot loader recovery technique; The Grub Boot loader is repaired in the use grubinstall order that is abandoning tradition; But, realize reparation to the Grub Boot loader through the routine interface that python routine call Anaconda provides.
The present invention is dissolved into the new method of repairing the Grub Boot loader among the Linux installation procedure Anaconda; With its some steps as installation process; For the user provides friendly interactive interface of operation and succinct easy-to-use operation steps, make the user can fast, accurately repair the Grub Boot loader.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: will repair the Grub Boot loader and realize as the functional module of (SuSE) Linux OS installation procedure Anaconda.The realization of this method may further comprise the steps:
1) step that will repair the Grub Boot loader is registered to Anaconda installation procedure (step S1): the execution sequence that each step of Grub Boot loader is repaired in definition, played the effect of allocating task and guide in whole process.
2) realize to repair a type step (step S2), the program class of promptly repairing the Grub Boot loader: definition start the Anaconda program until repair institute that guiding accomplishes required experience in steps with some initialization definitions.
3) repair the configuration of Grub Boot loader, comprise basic configuration (step S3a) and advanced configuration (step S3b).Wherein, basic configuration option (step S3a) comprises the label of Grub Boot loader, and the password that the Grub Boot loader is set; Advanced configuration option (step S3b) comprises the installation site of Grub Boot loader, whether uses LBA32, and supplies the user to import the interface of kernel parameter.
4) carry out installation Grub Boot loader (step S5), accomplish repair: the Grub Boot loader that configures is installed in appointed positions, accomplishes configuration repair impaired Grub Boot loader.
5) withdraw from installation procedure (step S6): the careful follow-up of repairing the Grub Boot loader.
The invention provides a kind of robotization and repair the method for Grub Boot loader; Overcome prior art repair Grub Boot loader operation steps complicated, to implementer's Capability Requirement is high, operation interface is unfriendly, can't encrypt the Grub Boot loader, can't for Grub transmit kernel parameter, can't self-defined Grub Boot loader installation site etc. defective, realize a kind of method of reparation Grub Boot loader of more easy-to-use, more perfect functions.
The present invention is compared with prior art having very big improvement aspect ease for use and the interactivity, be mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1) with respect to the complex operations of prior art, the present invention provides a unified instrument for repairing the Grub Boot loader, is about to it and is integrated in the operating system installation step;
2) prior art of comparing does not provide interactive interface, and the present invention provides a close friend's graphical human-computer interaction interface for repairing the Grub Boot loader, and is user-friendly;
3) compare and prior art, the method for reparation Grub Boot loader provided by the invention more succinctly, more easy to operate, only need repair, disposes, confirms that through selecting three steps get final product;
4) compare and prior art, method provided by the invention more is prone to left-hand seat, requires lowlyer to implementing personnel's technical experience, the invention provides default option, even also can accomplish the repair of Grub Boot loader without any configuration;
5) with respect to prior art; The present invention has done further perfect to the function of repairing the Grub Boot loader; Promptly realize the advanced configuration of Grub Boot loader, the installation site that comprises encipherment protection, the Grub Boot loader is transmitted kernel parameter and self-defined Grub Boot loader to the Grub Boot loader.Wherein encrypting Boot loader can carry out encipherment protection to operating system, prevents not allow the illegal start-up system of people that starts the operating system; The Grub Boot loader is transmitted the self-defined mode that kernel parameter can be realized system start-up, the detailed information during like graphics mode start-up system, shielding harness startup etc.; The installation site of self-defined Grub boot can self-definedly be installed to the Grub Boot loader on MBR or the subregion head.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 repairs the Grub process flow diagram for existing Linux environment Live CD;
Fig. 2 repairs the Grub process flow diagram for existing Linux environment rescue pattern;
Fig. 3 repairs the Grub process flow diagram for existing Windows environment grub4dos instrument;
Fig. 4 repairs Grub Boot loader process flow diagram for the present invention;
Fig. 5 is for encrypting Grub Boot loader process flow diagram;
Fig. 6 is for transmitting Grub Boot loader kernel parameter process flow diagram;
Fig. 7 is a self-defined Grub Boot loader installation site process flow diagram.
Embodiment
For technology, means and the advantage thereof that the present invention is adopted, lift at present that preferred embodiment and conjunction with figs. detail as after, this only supplies the usefulness of explanation, in patented claim, does not receive the restriction of following embodiment.
The present invention is the basis with (SuSE) Linux OS installation procedure Anaconda, the method for repairing the Grub Boot loader is incorporated into realizes in the Anaconda mechanism.Interactive interface of the present invention comprises graphical interfaces and textual interface dual mode, corresponds respectively to the figure Installation Modes and the character Installation Modes of Anaconda installation procedure.Practical implementation process of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) step that will repair the Grub Boot loader is registered to Anaconda installation procedure (step S1)
This step is to be implemented in to repair the prerequisite that Grub loads boot in the installation process, and it has defined the execution sequence of repairing each step of Grub Boot loader, in whole process, has played the effect of allocating task and guide.
Individual dispatch.py file is arranged in the Anaconda program; This document is realized scheduling and the control to installation steps; It has the data structure installSteps of a list type; This data structure definition all installation steps of installation procedure, promptly all installation steps all have to register into installSteps and could in installation process, be scheduled and carry out.The step that the Grub Boot loader is repaired in registration promptly is that its institute that comprises is added to during installSteps tabulates with the form of installSteps definition in steps; Comprise front end procedure and rear end step in the installSeps tabulation; Wherein front end procedure is the visual step that provides with user interactions; The rear end step refers to the step at running background, not with user interactions.After having registered Grub boot reparation step, these steps have just possessed by the pacing items of scheduling of Anaconda installation procedure and execution.
2) realize repairing a type step (step S2), the program class of promptly repairing the Grub Boot loader
Repair Grub Boot loader class and inherited the BaseInstallClass class in the installclass.py file, this class definition basic installations class.Repair the class definition of Grub Boot loader start the Anaconda program until repair institute that guiding accomplishes required experience in steps with some initialization definitions.These work are mainly done by its member function setSteps, and the interface function setStepList of this function call dispatch realizes this function.
This step also can realize it through other method, for example realizes through the interface function setStepList that creates function call dispatch, or calls dispatch interface function setSteplist through other mode and realize.
3) repair the configuration of Grub Boot loader, comprise basic configuration (step S3a) and advanced configuration (step S3b)
Basic configuration option (step S3a) comprises the label of Grub Boot loader, and the password that the Grub Boot loader is set; Advanced configuration option (step S3b) comprises the installation site of Grub Boot loader, whether uses LBA32, and supplies the user to import the interface of kernel parameter.The user selects whether to carry out advanced configuration (step S4) in basic configuration, if the advanced configuration switch opens then gets into advanced configuration option, otherwise skip advanced configuration.
It is the part with user interactions that Grub Boot loader option is repaired in configuration, in the Anaconda installation procedure, comprises graphical interfaces and two kinds of patterns of textual interface with the interface of user interactions.So the enforcement of configuration Grub Boot loader interactive interface need realize graphic model interface and character pattern interface.Embodiment is to create graphical interfaces configuration class and textual interface configuration class respectively.Patterned basic configuration class and advanced configuration class are inherited the InstallWindow class, and realize the interface of its parent.In graphical configuration class, realize patterned interactive interface with the GTK programming; User's basic configuration option and advanced configuration option are provided, comprise Grub boot label, password setting, boot installation site, whether use control and explanations such as LBA32 and kernel parameter; Realize textual interface with snap programming, for the user provides basic configuration option and advanced configuration option, realize with graphical pattern under identical character control and explanation.After the user accomplishes configuration, each option is associated with corresponding with it Grub correlation parameter, be the Grub Boot loader parameter value is set, accomplish the configuration effort of repairing the Grub Boot loader.
Wherein, the present invention has realized the encryption of Grub Boot loader, has been that the Grub Boot loader transmits functions such as kernel parameter, self-defined Grub Boot loader installation site.The present invention enumerates following concrete implementation:
Encrypt the Grub Boot loader shown in accompanying drawing 5: at first realize the user interactions interface (step S311) that the Grub Boot loader is encrypted.After the rear end program is obtained encrypted ones (step S312),, and encrypted ones is write configuration file (step S314) for the bootloader object is provided with encrypted ones value (step S313).After treating that the reparation of Grub Boot loader is accomplished, restart system, Grub can require input Grub password by automatic calling program.
Transmit Grub Boot loader kernel parameter shown in accompanying drawing 6:, supply the user to import self-defining kernel parameter at the interface (step S321) that the advanced configuration step provides the user to import.The rear end program receives the kernel parameter value (step S322) of user's input, and format kernel parameter (step S323).The bootloader object has the attribute args of kernel parameter, and kernel parameter is tabulated assignment to args attribute (step S324).When reparation Grub Boot loader is installed, these kernel parameters are written to the configuration file grub.conf (step S325) of Grub Boot loader.When the user used Grub Boot loader guidance system, system can guide with the mode that has kernel parameter like this.
Self-defined Grub Boot loader installation site is shown in accompanying drawing 7: the user interface (step S331) of selecting the installation site is provided, comprises first sector that is installed to MBR or is installed to boot partition.The rear end program is obtained positional information (step S332); And to the installation site attribute settings (step S333) of bootloader object; After when carry out to install repairing the Grub Boot loader; Installation procedure can be installed to appointed positions (step S334) with the Grub Boot loader according to this property value.
4) carry out installation Grub Boot loader (step S5), accomplish repair
The enforcement of this function is accomplished by these installation steps of instbootloader; It calls the writeBootloader interface of bootloader.py; According to the configuration parameter that the Grub Boot loader is installed; The Grub Boot loader that configures is installed in appointed positions, accomplishes configuration effort impaired Grub Boot loader.
5) withdraw from installation procedure (step S6)
Withdraw from installation procedure after accomplishing reparation Grub Boot loader; This step is the careful follow-up of repairing the Grub Boot loader; Style according to Anaconda installation system and upgrade-system; Repair Boot loader and also designed and repair the option that withdraws from the Anaconda installation procedure after guiding successfully or restart system, offer the interactive interface that the user withdraws from the Anaconda installation procedure, and this interactive interface comprises two kinds of graphic model and character patterns.
Claims (10)
1. repair the method for Grub Boot loader under the linux system based on Anaconda; It is characterized in that; With repairing the functional module of Grub Boot loader as (SuSE) Linux OS installation procedure Anaconda; Through the routine interface that python routine call Anaconda is provided, realize reparation to the Grub Boot loader.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
1) step is repaired in registration, and the step of repairing the Grub Boot loader is registered to the Anaconda installation procedure;
2) realize repairing a type step, the program class of promptly repairing the Grub Boot loader;
3) configuration step is repaired the configuration of Grub Boot loader;
4) execution in step is carried out and is repaired the Grub Boot loader.
3. method as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; Said step 1) is to add in the installSteps tabulation with the form of installSteps definition in steps repairing the institute that the Grub Boot loader comprises, and installSeps comprises front end procedure and rear end step in tabulating, and wherein front end procedure is the visual step that provides with user interactions; The rear end step refers to the step at running background, not with user interactions.
4. method as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; Said step 2) is the interface function setStepList that calls dispatch by member function setSteps, or realizes that through the interface function setStepList that creates function call dispatch definition starts the Anaconda program until repairing institute that guiding accomplishes required experience in steps and initialization definitions.
5. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said step 3) comprises creates graphical interfaces configuration class and textual interface configuration class respectively, for the user provides basic configuration option and advanced configuration option.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that said basic configuration option comprises the label of Grub Boot loader, and the password that the Grub Boot loader is set; Said advanced configuration option comprises the installation site that the Grub Boot loader is set, and whether uses LBA32, and supplies the user to import the interface of kernel parameter; The user can select whether to carry out advanced configuration in basic configuration option, if the advanced configuration switch opens then gets into advanced configuration option, otherwise skip advanced configuration.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that:
The concrete grammar of the password of the said Grub of setting Boot loader comprises: at first realize the user interactions interface that the Grub Boot loader is encrypted; Obtain encrypted ones by the rear end program; For the bootloader object is provided with the encrypted ones value, and encrypted ones is write configuration file;
The interface that said confession user imports kernel parameter can supply the user to import self-defining kernel parameter, and the rear end program receives the kernel parameter value of user's input, and formats this kernel parameter; The bootloader object has the attribute args of kernel parameter, gives the args attribute with those kernel parameter tabulation assignment, when reparation Grub Boot loader is installed, these kernel parameters is written to the configuration file of Grub Boot loader;
The concrete grammar of the installation site of the said Grub of setting Boot loader comprises: the user interface of selecting the installation site is provided; Comprise first sector that is installed to MBR or is installed to boot partition; Obtain positional information by the rear end program, and to the installation site attribute settings of bootloader object, repair in the Grub Boot loader process carrying out to install; Installation procedure is installed to appointed positions according to this property value with the Grub Boot loader.
8. method as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that; Said step 3) after the user accomplishes configuration; Each option is associated with the Grub correlation parameter corresponding with each config option, is the Grub Boot loader parameter value is set, accomplish the configuration effort of repairing the Grub Boot loader.
9. method as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; Said step 4) is the writeBootloader interface by instbootloader function call bootloader.py; Configuration parameter according to the Grub Boot loader is installed is installed in appointed positions with the Grub Boot loader that configures, and accomplishes the configuration effort to impaired Grub Boot loader.
10. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said method also is included in accomplish to repair the step that withdraws from installation procedure behind the Grub Boot loader.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010294581.6A CN102419710B (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2010-09-28 | Method for repairing Grub boot loader based on Anaconda |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010294581.6A CN102419710B (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2010-09-28 | Method for repairing Grub boot loader based on Anaconda |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102419710A true CN102419710A (en) | 2012-04-18 |
| CN102419710B CN102419710B (en) | 2014-05-28 |
Family
ID=45944131
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010294581.6A Active CN102419710B (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2010-09-28 | Method for repairing Grub boot loader based on Anaconda |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102419710B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109254915A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-22 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of localization method and system based on Linux problem breakpoint |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6385766B1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2002-05-07 | Dell Usa L.P. | Method and apparatus for windows-based installation for installing software on build-to-order computer systems |
| CN1932765A (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2007-03-21 | 英业达股份有限公司 | Method for setting operating system with additional drive program and structure |
| TW200823652A (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-06-01 | Inventec Corp | Computer platform boot block program corruption recovery handling method and system |
-
2010
- 2010-09-28 CN CN201010294581.6A patent/CN102419710B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6385766B1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2002-05-07 | Dell Usa L.P. | Method and apparatus for windows-based installation for installing software on build-to-order computer systems |
| CN1932765A (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2007-03-21 | 英业达股份有限公司 | Method for setting operating system with additional drive program and structure |
| TW200823652A (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-06-01 | Inventec Corp | Computer platform boot block program corruption recovery handling method and system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 白伸伸: "使用多重启动管理器GRUB引导Linux系统", 《甘肃科技纵横》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109254915A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-22 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of localization method and system based on Linux problem breakpoint |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102419710B (en) | 2014-05-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103189839B (en) | The system and method disposed for the automatization of multiunit computer environment | |
| CN101432690B (en) | BIOS configuration update technique | |
| CN107844331B (en) | Method, device and equipment for generating boot configuration file | |
| CN105814541B (en) | The method of computer equipment and computer equipment internal storage starting | |
| CN103914315B (en) | Configuration method of drivers | |
| CN103412769A (en) | External card parameter configuration method, equipment and system | |
| CN101937351B (en) | Method and system for automatically installing application software | |
| CN103136018A (en) | Setting method and setting system of basic input/ output system (BIOS) | |
| JP2016541037A (en) | Automated commissioning system and method for virtualized distributed control system, tangible computer readable storage medium | |
| US9367057B2 (en) | System and method for real-time controls of energy consuming devices including tiered architecture | |
| US8891111B2 (en) | Adaptable printer driver | |
| US7251724B2 (en) | Device environment configuration system and method, and data storage therefor | |
| CN104765621A (en) | Method and system for deploying program on cluster node | |
| US11169820B1 (en) | Managing an operating system to set up a computer association tool | |
| CN103927260A (en) | Method and system for testing telecommunication devices | |
| CN105183520A (en) | Automatic remote installing and debugging method and system for computer software | |
| CN103229138A (en) | Method, recording medium, and electronic device for reducing boot time | |
| US20090228839A1 (en) | Plant information display apparatus and method | |
| CN110018856A (en) | The method that dynamic modifies UEFI boot sequence | |
| CN104538058A (en) | Semi-automatic burning device and method | |
| WO2018058304A1 (en) | Industrial controller and method for automatically creating user interface | |
| JP5853828B2 (en) | Workflow creation method, program | |
| CN104137074A (en) | Optimization of resource usage in a multi-environment computing system | |
| CN102419710B (en) | Method for repairing Grub boot loader based on Anaconda | |
| US11030006B2 (en) | Apparatus and method of securely and efficiently interfacing with a cloud computing service |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |