CN102424444B - Method and device for removing oil from desalted water of crude electrostatic desalting apparatus - Google Patents
Method and device for removing oil from desalted water of crude electrostatic desalting apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN102424444B CN102424444B CN 201110326436 CN201110326436A CN102424444B CN 102424444 B CN102424444 B CN 102424444B CN 201110326436 CN201110326436 CN 201110326436 CN 201110326436 A CN201110326436 A CN 201110326436A CN 102424444 B CN102424444 B CN 102424444B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for removing oil from desalted water of a crude electrostatic desalting apparatus. According to the invention, a centrifugation extraction separation device is used for separating the desalted water which is performed heat exchange and discharged from the crude electrostatic desalting apparatus into oil phase and salt-containing sewage; the oil phase is returned to the crude electrostatic desalting apparatus for reutilization, and the salt-containing sewage is pressurized by a pump and then sent to a downstream apparatus. The device decreases the oil content of the crude electrostatic desalting apparatus from tens of thousands ppm even hundreds of thousands ppm to below 300 ppm, simultaneously the water content for recovering the oil phase can be controlled in 0.5% (V/V), the standard of the discharged sewage can be ensured, and the recovery and the utilization of crude oil can be realized. The method and the device of the invention have the advantages of good oil removal effect, low water content of the recovered crude oil, strong applicability, wide operation scope, compact equipment and structure, low operation cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of sewage, relate to a kind of method of utilizing the Centrifugical extraction separating device to remove oil in the crude electric desalter de-salted water.The invention still further relates to the method device used.
Background technology
Salt content in crud oil all causes very large harm to crude oil accumulating, processing, quality product and equipment etc.Therefore crude oil before refining, must first carry out desalination.On the one hand, along with being used gradually of tertiary oil recovery technology, Produced Liquid mostly is the complicated milk sap that water external emulsion or oil-in-water and water-in-oil alternately occur.In oil recovery process, a large amount of the notes adding of polymers, chemical assistant, make the Desalting and Dewatering from Crude Oil difficulty greatly increase; On the other hand, the improving constantly of domestic crude runs, the refining ratio of mixing of import high-sulphur heavy crude constantly increases, and has further aggravated the trend of domestic oil refining enterprises crude oil heaviness, in poor quality.
The heaviness of crude oil and in poor quality be emulsification problem particularly, causes electric desalting-water distilling apparatus operation easier increasing, and especially electric desalting drainage belt oil problem is more outstanding.Electric desalting drainage belt oil problem has become domestic oil refining enterprises a great problem anxious to be resolved, and the electric desalting apparatus de-salted water has become one of main source of oil refining enterprise sewage, sump oil.In recent years, domestic nearly all oil refining enterprise the electric desalting apparatus de-salted water all occurred and seriously has been with oily problem, the direct result of bringing is exactly greatly to have increased the heavy sump oil amount of refinery and Sewage oil treatment difficulty, dirty oil recycling causes the oil refining apparatus operation unstable, and corresponding environmental issue also shows especially day by day.
At present, old technology is still generally adopted in the domestic oil refining enterprises sewage disposal.The electric desalting apparatus de-salted water enters after sewage work together with sewage with other device, through technical finesses such as sedimentation, oil removal, flotation, biochemistry, isolated sump oil is directly sent into slop oil tank, through delivering to coker after dehydration or injecting the stock oil pipeline and carry out freshening; Saline sewage enters follow up device and further processes.This plant area area is large, and economic benefit is relatively poor, and processing power is limited, a little less than impact resistance.When water contains Chuck Steak, will cause very large impact to device, also can pose a big pressure to the tank field storage.In addition, this technology oil-water separation is poor, is difficult to the electric desalting apparatus de-salted water is effectively separated.Along with heavy, crude oil with poor quality are mixed the refining ratio and are improved constantly, the aggravation of oily(waste)water emulsification degree, this device can not satisfy the cleaner production requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention utilizes the Centrifugical extraction separating device to carry out oily water separation to the crude electric desalter de-salted water, reclaims crude oil, reduces oil content of wastewater, alleviates the pressure of sewage work, has solved the problem that prior art exists.
Technical thought of the present invention is: the old technology that oil refining enterprise generally adopts, i.e. " sedimentation, oil removal-flotation-biochemistry ", advantage is that cost is lower, shortcoming is that floor space is large, oil-water separation is poor, disengaging time is long, a little less than impact resistance, can not effectively remove dissolving oil, oil in water emulsion and dispersed oil in sewage.Along with the continuous increase of oleaginousness in de-salted water, this device can not satisfy the cleaner production requirement.It is the novel extraction isolation technique that developed recently gets up that Centrifugical extraction separates, have the characteristics such as floor space is little, processing power large, smooth running, cost is low, clean and maintenance is convenient, because centrifugal force can reach the hundred times of gravity usually, so Centrifugical extraction separating device separating power is strong, be particularly suitable for processing that the two-phase density difference is little, viscosity is large and the system of easy emulsification, as requiring the two-phase density difference greater than 0.1g/cm3 for the gravity phase-splitting, and for the Centrifugical extraction separating device, the two-phase density difference can be as small as 0.01g/cm3.The system less to difference in specific gravity or viscosity is large, the Centrifugical extraction separating device is easy to separate, and disengaging time is short, good separating effect.Adopt the Centrifugical extraction separating device to carry out oily water separation to the crude electric desalter de-salted water, fully take into account the advantages such as Centrifugical extraction separating device operating restraint is wide, treatment capacity is large, efficient is high, effective.This equipment can replace the degreasing techniques such as gravity settling of the prior art, oil trap.
Solution provided by the invention is specific as follows:
A kind of method of removing oil from desalted water of crude electrostatic desalting apparatus, the de-salted water that the electrical oil dewatering salt cellar is discharged is lowered the temperature by interchanger; De-salted water after cooling enters the Centrifugical extraction separating device, and de-salted water is separated into oil phase and saline sewage; Oil phase enters the oil phase snubber assembly from the light phase export of Centrifugical extraction separating device, sends into the electric desalting apparatus recycling by crude oil pump at last; Saline sewage enters the sewage snubber assembly from heavy out, then through delivering to the downstream processing device after supercharging, heat exchange cooling.
Above-mentioned Centrifugical extraction separating device is the equipment that separates by centrifugal force, is the known usual means of the art.The constructional feature of Centrifugical extraction separating device and principle can be consulted Chinese patent ZL 96250989.2, ZL 200720103434.X etc., but not as limit.Take ZL200720103434.X as example, this Centrifugical extraction separating device comprises upper cover, extractor shell, rotary drum and motor: described upper cover is embedded to be covered on the extractor shell; Described rotary drum is arranged on the center of extractor shell, and the anti-mouth of extractor shell is on rotary drum, and rotary drum is by rotating shaft and motor linkage; Be provided with heavy phase collecting ring and light phase collecting ring between described extractor shell and rotor cover, extractor shell between the upper cover of heavy phase collecting ring and extractor shell is provided with heavy out, extraction shell between heavy phase collecting ring and light phase collecting ring is provided with light phase export, and the extractor shell between light phase collecting ring and extractor outer casing bottom is provided with import.
The method specifically comprises; The de-salted water that electrical oil dewatering salt cellar 10 is discharged drops to 50～100 ℃ by heat-exchange temperature; De-salted water after cooling enters Centrifugical extraction separating device 6, and de-salted water is separated into oil phase and saline sewage; Oil phase enters oil phase snubber assembly 2 from the light phase export of Centrifugical extraction separating device 6, sends into the electric desalting apparatus recycling by crude oil pump 7 at last; Saline sewage enters sewage snubber assembly 3 from heavy out, then through delivering to the downstream processing device after supercharging, heat exchange cooling.
Further, the temperature of the above-mentioned de-salted water that enters the Centrifugical extraction separating device is 50～100 ℃.
Further, the above-mentioned oil concentration that enters the de-salted water of Centrifugical extraction separating device is 0.02%～80% (V/V).
Above-mentioned Centrifugical extraction separating device working speed does not have particular determination in principle, can regulate by frequency transformer, and the common slip-stick artist of this technical field can make the selection that suits the requirements flexibly according to actual production.
The present invention also provides a kind of device of realizing aforesaid method, comprising:
The interchanger 1 that is used for de-salted water and the heat exchange of desulfurization water comprises the outlet of a de-salted water entrance and a de-salted water;
Be used for the Centrifugical extraction separating device 6 of de-salted water oil removing, this Centrifugical extraction separating device 6 is provided with an entrance, a light phase export and a heavy out, and its entrance is connected with the de-salted water outlet of aforementioned interchanger;
The oil phase snubber assembly 2 that is used for the oil phase buffering comprises the outlet of an oil phase entrance and an oil phase, and its oil phase entrance is connected with the light phase export of aforementioned Centrifugical extraction separating device 6;
Be used for the sewage snubber assembly 3 of saline sewage buffering, comprise a sewage inlet and a sewage outlet, its sewage inlet is connected with the heavy out of Centrifugical extraction separating device 6.
The present invention also provides a kind of a kind of crude electric desalter that uses aforesaid oil removal plant of device of realizing aforesaid method, comprise the crude oil pump 7 that contains a former oil-in and crude exports, contain a former oil-in, and take off the electrical desalter 10 of rear crude exports and de-salted water outlet, the crude exports of crude oil pump 7 are connected with the former oil-in of electrical desalter 10, it is characterized in that, the oil phase outlet of described oil phase snubber assembly 2 is connected with the former oil-in of crude oil pump 7.
Further, 10 of described crude oil pump 7 and electrical desalters also are in series with in order to preheater 8 and mixing tank 9 with heating crude oil.
Further, the same e Foerderanlage 4 of the sewage outlet of described sewage snubber assembly 3 is communicated with in order to be delivered to the downstream processing device.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(a) employing Centrifugical extraction separating device separates the oil in the crude electric desalter de-salted water, good separating effect, and velocity of separation is fast, has overcome the problems of the prior art.
(b) realized the oil removing on the spot of electric desalting apparatus de-salted water and the recycling of crude oil, production equipment is simple in structure, and operating restraint is wide, strong shock resistance, and suitability is strong, is adapted at petroleum chemical industry and applies.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the device schema of preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein:
1-interchanger 2-oil phase surge tank 3-sewage surge tank 4-water pump 5-interchanger 6-centrifugal extraction separator 7-crude oil pump 8-preheater 9-mixing tank 10-electrical desalter
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific examples, further illustrate content of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, annotate the crude oil of emulsion splitter and delivered to preheater (8) by crude oil pump (7), injected desulfurization water midway; Oil-water mixture is heated to 110～140 ℃ at preheater (8), enters afterwards mixing tank (9) and fully mixes; Final mixture enters electrical desalter (10) and carries out electric desalting, forms to take off rear crude oil and de-salted water; Take off rear crude oil and discharged by the rear crude exports of taking off of electrical desalter (10) top and enter downstream unit, de-salted water is discharged from the de-salted water outlet of electrical desalter (10) bottom; The de-salted water that electrical desalter (10) is discharged cools to 50～100 ℃ by interchanger (1); Enter subsequently centrifugal extraction separator (6), de-salted water is separated into oil phase and saline sewage; Oil phase enters oil phase surge tank (2) from the light phase export of centrifugal extraction separator (6), sends into the electric desalting apparatus recycling by crude oil pump (7) at last; Saline sewage enters sewage surge tank (3) from heavy out, through delivering to the downstream processing device after pump (4) supercharging, interchanger (5) cooling.
Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used for explanation the present invention and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, usually according to normal condition, or the condition of advising according to manufacturer.Unless indicate, otherwise all umbers are mass fraction, all per-cent is mass percent.
Embodiment 1
Carry out removing oil from desalted water of crude electrostatic desalting apparatus by aforesaid technical process, specific as follows:
1. material properties
De-salted water: flow is 5t/h, and temperature is 75 ℃, oil-contg 20000ppm.
2. the centrifugal extraction separator roller diameter is 300mm, and motor speed is 1800r/min.
3. content assaying method
The oil water content is measured according to GB/T260-77 petroleum products aquametry.
The water oleaginousness is measured according to GB/T16488-1996 water-quality petroleum and animals and plants Determination of oil infrared spectrophotometry.
4. effect
After processing through centrifugal extraction separator, heavy out saline sewage oleaginousness is 200ppm, and oil removal efficiency has reached 99%, and light phase export oil phase water content has reached good oil-moisture from effect less than 0.5% (V/V).
Carry out removing oil from desalted water of crude electrostatic desalting apparatus by aforesaid technical process, specific as follows:
1. material properties
De-salted water: flow is 2t/h, and temperature is 75 ℃, oil-contg 20000ppm.
2. the centrifugal extraction separator roller diameter is 300mm, and motor speed is 1800r/min.
3. content assaying method
The oil water content is measured according to GB/T260-77 petroleum products aquametry.
The water oleaginousness is measured according to GB/T16488-1996 water-quality petroleum and animals and plants Determination of oil infrared spectrophotometry.
4. effect
After processing through centrifugal extraction separator, heavy out saline sewage oleaginousness is 150ppm, and oil removal efficiency has reached 99.25%, and light phase export oil phase water content has reached good oil-moisture from effect less than 0.5% (V/V).
Carry out removing oil from desalted water of crude electrostatic desalting apparatus by aforesaid technical process, specific as follows:
1. material properties
De-salted water: flow is 2t/h, and temperature is 75 ℃, oil-contg 12000ppm.
2. the centrifugal extraction separator roller diameter is 300mm, and motor speed is 1800r/min.
3. content assaying method
The oil water content is measured according to GB/T260-77 petroleum products aquametry.
The water oleaginousness is measured according to GB/T16488-1996 water-quality petroleum and animals and plants Determination of oil infrared spectrophotometry.
4. effect
After processing through centrifugal extraction separator, heavy out saline sewage oleaginousness is 120ppm, and oil removal efficiency has reached 99%, and light phase export oil phase water content has reached good oil-moisture from effect less than 0.5% (V/V).
Only for the preferred embodiment of invention, be not to limit practical range of the present invention in sum.Be that all equivalences of doing according to the content of the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, all should be technology category of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the method for a removing oil from desalted water of crude electrostatic desalting apparatus, is characterized in that, the de-salted water that electrical oil dewatering salt cellar (10) is discharged drops to 50～100 ℃ by heat-exchange temperature; De-salted water after cooling enters Centrifugical extraction separating device (6), and de-salted water is separated into oil phase and saline sewage; Oil phase enters oil phase snubber assembly (2) from the light phase export of Centrifugical extraction separating device (6), sends into the electric desalting apparatus recycling by crude oil pump (7) at last; Saline sewage enters sewage snubber assembly (3) from heavy out, then through delivering to the downstream processing device after supercharging, heat exchange cooling.
2. method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the described temperature that enters the de-salted water of Centrifugical extraction separating device is 50～100 ℃.
3. method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the described oil concentration that enters the de-salted water of Centrifugical extraction separating device is 0.02%～80%, and described per-cent is volume percent.
4. method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described sepn process, the separating factor of equipment is 100～500.
5. realize the removing oil from desalted water of crude electrostatic desalting apparatus device of method as claimed in claim 1 for one kind, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The interchanger (1) that is used for de-salted water and the heat exchange of desulfurization water comprises the outlet of a de-salted water entrance and a de-salted water;
Be used for the Centrifugical extraction separating device (6) of de-salted water oil removing, this Centrifugical extraction separating device (6) is provided with an entrance, a light phase export and a heavy out, and its entrance is connected with the de-salted water outlet of aforementioned interchanger;
The oil phase snubber assembly (2) that is used for the oil phase buffering comprises the outlet of an oil phase entrance and an oil phase, and its oil phase entrance is connected with the light phase export of aforementioned Centrifugical extraction separating device (6);
Be used for the sewage snubber assembly (3) of saline sewage buffering, comprise a sewage inlet and a sewage outlet, its sewage inlet is connected with the heavy out of Centrifugical extraction separating device (6).
6. crude electric desalter that uses oil removal plant as claimed in claim 5, comprise the crude oil pump (7) that contains a former oil-in and crude exports, contain a former oil-in, and take off the electrical desalter (10) of rear crude exports and de-salted water outlet, the former oil-in of the same electrical desalter of crude exports (10) of crude oil pump (7) is connected, it is characterized in that, the former oil-in of the oil phase same crude oil pump of outlet (7) of described oil phase snubber assembly (2) is connected.
7. install as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, also be in series with between described crude oil pump (7) and electrical desalter (10) in order to preheater (8) and mixing tank (9) with heating crude oil.
8. install as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the same e Foerderanlage of sewage outlet (4) of described sewage snubber assembly (3) is communicated with in order to be delivered to the downstream processing device.
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| CN 201110326436 CN102424444B (en) | 2011-10-25 | 2011-10-25 | Method and device for removing oil from desalted water of crude electrostatic desalting apparatus |
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| CN 201110326436 CN102424444B (en) | 2011-10-25 | 2011-10-25 | Method and device for removing oil from desalted water of crude electrostatic desalting apparatus |
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| CN102424444B true CN102424444B (en) | 2013-06-12 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102757813A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-10-31 | 华东理工大学 | Crude oil processing unit containing electro-desalted sewage oil remover and method of crude oil processing unit |
| CN102847343A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2013-01-02 | 华东理工大学 | Heavy polluted oil processing device and method thereof |
| CN103011325A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-04-03 | 华东理工大学 | Treating method and device for oil removal of electro-desalting cut water of inferior crude oil and decrement of dirty oil |
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| SU591198A1 (en) * | 1976-06-07 | 1978-02-05 | Татарский Государственный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт Нефтяной Промышленности | Oil dehydrating/desalinating device |
| US4252631A (en) * | 1980-01-09 | 1981-02-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Electrostatic coalescence system with independent AC and DC hydrophilic electrodes |
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| CN101186355A (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2008-05-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Integrated treatment method and device for crude oil electric desalting device oil-containing cutting water |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS612790A (en) * | 1984-06-16 | 1986-01-08 | Toa Nenryo Kogyo Kk | Method of desalting crude oil |
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU591198A1 (en) * | 1976-06-07 | 1978-02-05 | Татарский Государственный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт Нефтяной Промышленности | Oil dehydrating/desalinating device |
| US4252631A (en) * | 1980-01-09 | 1981-02-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Electrostatic coalescence system with independent AC and DC hydrophilic electrodes |
| JP2001321605A (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-20 | World Chemical Co Ltd | Oil/water separation device |
| CN1570033A (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-01-26 | 华东理工大学 | Crude oil desalting method and device using rotational flow breakaway technology |
| CN2912804Y (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-06-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Poly-column-awl combined type liquid-liquid separation cyclone |
| CN201006334Y (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-01-16 | 浦华控股有限公司 | Down-transmission type centrifugal extractor for chemical industry operation |
| CN101186355A (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2008-05-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Integrated treatment method and device for crude oil electric desalting device oil-containing cutting water |
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