CN102541472A - Method and device for reconstructing RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) - Google Patents
Method and device for reconstructing RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and device for reconstructing an RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks), which is used for executing RAID reconstructing operation, wherein the RAID is divided into physical blocks with the same size in advance. The device comprises a resource distribution unit, an access record unit and a reconstruction processing unit, wherein the resource distribution unit is used for distributing one or more physical blocks to a logical resource when the logical resource is established, and recording a corresponding relationship between the logical resource and the physical blocks; the access record unit is used for maintaining a resource access log sheet which is used for recording whether data is written in each physical block or not; and the reconstruction processing unit is used for acquiring physical blocks in a written state according to the resource access log sheet when the RAID is reconstructed, and reconstructing the physical blocks in the written state by using the physical block as a unit. According to the method and the device for reconstructing the RAID, the reconstruction efficiency can be greatly improved, and the influence to services is reduced to be a lower level in the reconstructing process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Network storage technology, relate in particular to a kind of RAID array rebuild technology.
Background technology
In the network environment of the data storage that relates to numerous main frames, in order to improve reliability of data storage and security, simultaneously for expansion of storage capacity property and dirigibility, Network storage technology is arisen at the historic moment.As a rule, the effect of network store system is for client PC or server (generally being referred to as main frame or Host) available storage space to be provided.
The front end of general networking storage system can link to each other with main frame through IP network or FC network, for main frame provides data storage service.In data transmission, be example with the network store system that carries based on IP, main frame can measured iSCSI (Internet Small Computer Systems Interface) protocol network storage system carry out the data write operation.The core of network store system is memory controller (StorageController), and memory controller carries out data processing and writes data in the back-end physical disk.
For raising is write the performance of physical disk and data redundancy is provided; Memory controller is supported RAID (RAID usually; Also can be described as the RAID array; Perhaps abbreviate array as) technology, the RAID technology be a kind of polylith independently physical disk combine by different modes and form a disk groups, thereby memory property and the reliability higher than single disk is provided.
According to different data organization modes, RAID commonly used comprises RAID0, RAID1, RAID5, RAID6, RAID10 etc.According to other difference of RAID level various other performances of level and fiduciary level can be provided; Can guarantee in most cases; Can be during one or more disk failure through recover the to make mistakes data of disk of the The data RAID rank corresponding algorithm in the residue member disk, guarantee that promptly data do not lose.Through the data in this algorithm restructural faulty disk and be written in the HotSpare disk, member's disk that the back HotSpare disk is made array is accomplished in reconstruct, the redundancy and the reliability of recovery array, promptly usually said RAID array rebuild.
In traditional network store system; In the time of a certain application need part storage space; From the storage system of rear end, mark off the enough big space of a part often in advance and allocate in advance, must consider the demand of professional dilatation during allocation space to this application, and the demand of business datum amount expansion; The consequence of taking all factors into consideration various factors is; The size of logical resource (LUN) is far longer than the storage space of current actual needs, will cause having only among the LUN a spot of space to deposit user data, leaves unused in a large amount of spaces.In this case, on the one hand, user's rate of return on investment reduces; On the other hand, it is big that storage space becomes, and it is big that the probability of reconstruction also will become.In process of reconstruction,, then will cause loss of data if there are other data disks to damage again.In addition, in process of reconstruction, rebuild IO, will influence the read-write performance of services occupying system resources.The efficient of rebuilding and the performance of reconstruction become the key factor that influences the storage system reliability.
Automatically simplifying configuration is functional characteristic common in the network store system, its objective is to solve above-mentioned storage glut problem, comes the memory allocated space according to the demand of reality.Its central principle is " deception " client operating system; Let client operating system think and distributed very big LUN; See the LUN of a 2TB such as client operating system; And the tens perhaps physical spaces of hundreds of GB that in fact only be this resources allocation on the memory device, its complementary space is all virtual to come out.Along with application program writes more and more data, the physical store utilization factor also can be increasingly high, and when the physical space of actual allocated was not enough, the extra physical space of reallocate reached the purpose of expanding with need.
During main frame (normally various server) identification LUN; What it was seen is not real space, but by simplifying the space that configuration virtual comes out automatically, the physical space of real allocated depends on resource allocation policy; Possibly have only 1/4th of gross space, even still less.
Create one when launching the LUN that simplifies configuration automatically, need RAID, the LUN corresponding physical space dilatation strategy of specifying LUN total volume, LUN predistribution physical space size and taking.The LUN total volume is meant the LUN size that client is seen; LUN predistribution physical space size is meant the actual physical space size that takies when creating LUN; LUN physical space dilatation strategy is meant the trigger condition and the dilatation strategy of LUN physical space dilatation; Reach at 80% o'clock such as LUN predistribution physical space utilization rate and trigger dilatation, the step-length of each dilatation is 5% of a LUN total volume.The segment table of LUN according to LUN predistribution physical space size Resources allocation, and is created by system on the RAID of appointment, the corresponding relation of sign LUN and RAID is revised the segment table of RAID simultaneously, identifies these sections and uses.
Because it is not reciprocity to have launched the physical space of the LUN actual allocated of simplifying configuration automatically and gross space that client is seen, therefore also need safeguard a special LUN linear list, be used to write down the corresponding relation in LUN linear space and RAID actual physics space.When receiving on the LUN that an IO writes request, the free space that dispensing applications will be visited from preallocated physical space is earlier revised the LUN linear list, writes data.When receiving an IO read request on the LUN, if the corresponding physical space is arranged in the LUN linear list, directly visit if do not have, then directly returns complete 0.
Automatically simplifying and disposing outstanding feature is can be according to the actual demand memory allocated space of current business, and total storage space diminishes, and the space that needs to rebuild also diminishes thereupon, and promptly the angle from minimise storage space reduces the risk of rebuilding.Yet simplify configuration automatically and realize complicacy, a conspicuous problem of introducing is to have reduced performance, and LUN safeguards segment table and linear distribution table; Each IO need search segment table and linear distribution table; To find the corresponding physical space, data channel treatment scheme lengthening, degradation.Therefore, simplify automatically configuration be not suitable for that performance requirement is higher, reliability requirement is higher, but to the loose user of cost control.
In the prior art; To rebuilding the another one thinking of optimizing is only to rebuild the space of having distributed among the RAID; According to the assignment information of RAID record, rebuild assigned region, reduce the task amount that RAID rebuilds with this; Avoid flogging a dead horse in the process of reconstruction, thereby shorten the time that process of reconstruction needs.Yet as previously mentioned, the size of logical resource is far longer than the storage space of current actual needs in the common storage system, and this will cause having only in the logical resource a spot of space to deposit user data, leaves unused in a large amount of spaces.Obviously, only rebuilding among the RAID, assigned region is not optimum solution.Promptly can not farthest evade higher to performance requirement, reliability requirement is higher but to the risk of loss of data in the loose process of reconstruction that the user faced of cost control.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of RAID array rebuild device, is used to carry out the RAID array rebuild operation in the network store system, and wherein said RAID array is divided into big or small same physical piece in advance, and this device comprises:
Resource allocation unit, being used for when creating logical resource is that logical resource distributes one or more physical blocks, and the corresponding relation between record logical resource and the physical block;
The Visitor Logs unit is used to safeguard a resource access record sheet, and this resource access record sheet is used to write down each physical block and whether has been written into data; Wherein this Visitor Logs unit when having data to write physical block with the status indication of this physical block in the resource access record sheet for writing; And when said logical resource is deleted, with the status indication of this logical resource corresponding physical piece in the resource access record for not writing; And
The reconstruction process unit is used for when rebuilding the RAID array, obtaining the physical block of state for having write according to said resource access record sheet, is that the unit rebuilds for the physical block that has write state with the physical block.
The present invention also puies forward a kind of RAID array rebuild method, is used to carry out the RAID array rebuild operation in the network store system, and wherein said RAID array is divided into big or small same physical piece in advance, and this method comprises:
A, when creating logical resource, be that logical resource distributes one or more physical blocks, and the corresponding relation between record logical resource and the physical block;
B, resource access record sheet of maintenance, this resource access record sheet is used to write down each physical block and whether has been written into data; And when having data to write physical block with the status indication of this physical block in the resource access record sheet for writing, and when said logical resource is deleted, with the status indication of this logical resource corresponding physical piece in the resource access record for not writing; And
C, when rebuilding the RAID array, obtaining the physical block of state for having write according to said resource access record sheet, is that the unit rebuilds for the physical block that has write state with the physical block.
Because the present invention only rebuilds the actual physical space that is used in process of reconstruction; Therefore the efficient and the speed of rebuilding have been increased substantially compared to prior art; Effectively avoided rebuilding the loss of data equivalent risk that is caused, and very low for normal reading and writing data service impact.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a network storage equipment logic schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that data write flow processing figure in one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is logical resource deletion flow processing figure in one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is array rebuild flow processing figure in one embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In general, the present invention rebuilds on the basis of management in existing Data Stream Processing and RAID, has introduced the resource access record sheet; Tracking data writes situation; Only rebuild the zone of written data, thereby realized farthest reducing the task amount that needs reconstruction, improve the efficient of rebuilding; Reduce the time of rebuilding, reduce the influence of rebuilding the read-write service feature.
Need maintenance resources Visitor Logs table in the present invention; Can be based on the tape recording of RAID bar; Also can be based on RAID Resource Block (please refer to the related patent U.S. Patent No. of the previous application of the applicant) record of regular length; Depend on concrete realization, below be called physical block (Block) with unified, a Block representes the storage space of length-specific.The resource access record sheet can be the structure of any form, and any attainable position of the system that also can be positioned at depends primarily on the demand to system performance and space.Such as, put into the more position realization of bottom, can promote performance, but implementation complexity possibly omit height, otherwise then performance is general, but realizes easily.In one embodiment, can come maintenance resources Visitor Logs table in this aspect of the RAID of storage system module.In addition, in order to improve recall precision and to reduce the system resource that the resource access record sheet takies, can adopt the bitmap mode to carry out record, the corresponding Block of bit is the corresponding Block written data of 1 expression such as bit; Bit is 0: do not write data on the Block of expression correspondence.
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.RAID array rebuild device 20 of the present invention is applied among the network store system 10; This network store system 10 further comprises read-write business processing device 30, and said RAID array rebuild device 20 comprises resource allocation unit 22, Visitor Logs unit 24 and reconstruction process unit 26.Above-described device forms from the logic aspect is abstract, and typical mode is to add that through processor program code realizes, but can realize through the mode that hardware, firmware or soft or hard combine equally.The general treatment scheme of above-mentioned RAID array rebuild device 20 is below described.
Step 101 is that logical resource distributes one or more physical blocks when creating logical resource, and the corresponding relation between record logical resource and the physical block; This step is carried out by resource allocation unit 22.
In the present invention, the RAID array is divided into the identical physical block of size in advance, and typical physical block can be band (Stripe), also can be the Resource Block of the regular length that proposes in the applicant's patented claim formerly; The present invention also is indifferent to band or the division methods of Resource Block and actual size; Its essence is that the physical resource with the RAID array carries out piecemeal, and the present invention is referred to as physical block at this with it.
Network store system is when creating logical resource; From the RAID array, pick out one or more physical block and distribute to this logical resource; So logical resource has one or more corresponding physical piece, and resource allocation unit 22 is noted this corresponding relation in order to subsequent treatment and used.
Need to prove; Network store system 10 possibly supported thin provisioning; In a single day the user enables thin provisioning; Therefore whether corresponding the size of logical resource is inconsistent with the summation of physical block probably, and said here corresponding relation is meant which logical resource physical block is assigned to, and be indifferent to the problem of size between logical resource and the physical resource.
Step 102 is safeguarded a resource access record sheet, and this resource access record sheet is used to write down each physical block and whether has been written into data; When having data to write physical block with the status indication of this physical block in the resource access record sheet for writing, and when said logical resource is deleted, with the status indication of this logical resource corresponding physical piece in the resource access record for not writing; This step is carried out by Visitor Logs unit 24.
As previously mentioned the resource access record sheet relatively the typical case effectively implementation be Bitmap, its be a kind of in network storage field popular technology, be not described in greater detail at this.The update processing of each physical block can also can be provided with professional the walking abreast of read-write with the processing serial setting of read-write service apparatus in the resource access record sheet.
For serial processing; When the application program writes the write order of data in read-write business processing device (being generally the RAID Service Processing Module) is received from logical resource or network store system; It can go to handle according to the general treatment scheme of writing, and is successful if data write, and then can change step 102 over to and handle; Otherwise return, write end write operation failure such as prompting.
For parallel processing, step 102 walks abreast to the processing of write order with the read-write service apparatus, even if the last result of write order is failure, step 102 still might be with the status indication of physical block for writing.The result who does like this is that the state recording to this physical block possibly not meet with the virtual condition of physical block in the resource access record sheet.Yet the efficient of doing like this is higher, can improve the processing speed of operation flow.Even incongruent situation occurs, the problem that is caused only is the increase that subsequent reconstruction work has a little, that is to say to have rebuild the physical block that a part should not be rebuild.
The user may delete the logical resource of having created; Before the deletion logical resource; Visitor Logs unit 24 can obtain the corresponding physical piece that logical resource is shared earlier; Then in the resource access record sheet the Status Change of these physical blocks for not writing, the deletion of actuating logic resource and then discharge physical space and then accomplish the operation of whole logical resource deletion.After logical resource is deleted; The resource access record sheet need be made corresponding renewal; Because follow-up reconstruction is to launch according to the record to each physical block state in the logical resource record sheet, upgrades in time and can guarantee that the scope of rebuilding is limited to each physical block that is truly taken by business or application.
Further, in initial, the state of all physical blocks is all and does not write data obviously.Yet physical block may be written into data times without number, so when data write physical block, can look at earlier whether the state of physical block has been to write, if return, otherwise continues.Be equivalent to writing the fashionable state change of carrying out first, follow-uply then skip.Prioritization scheme to aforesaid operations is that directly this physical block of renewal can deduct the process of reading and judging, thereby raise the efficiency for writing at every turn when writing data to physical block.
Further, may demonstrate invalid state at the resource access record sheet, such as can't set among the Bitmap, upgrading in other words have to be successful.This moment is for more rigorous consideration; Can be before mark physics bulk state; Check whether said resource access record sheet is effective; If then upgrade the resource access record sheet, otherwise do not upgrade and change other different reconstruction process unit over to, go to carry out in the common reconstruction process flow process and go such as change an existing software/hard-wired reconstruction process unit over to.Can guarantee to make full use of existing reconstruction process unit thus as backup, improve the reliability of reconstruction process.Correspondingly, can when upgrading said physical block state, inspection whether upgrade success, if upgrades successfully then continuation, otherwise said resource access record sheet is labeled as invalid.
Step 103 is obtained the physical block of state for having write according to said resource access record sheet when rebuilding the RAID array, be that the unit rebuilds for the physical block that has write state with the physical block.This step has reconstruction process unit 26 to carry out.
Please refer to Fig. 4, when the RAID array was in degrading state, system can point out the keeper to rebuild, and also possibly be to trigger reconstruction at once, in case system discovery has available HotSpare disk, system can begin reconstruction operation.Usually rebuild is to use corresponding checking algorithm to calculate to be written in the corresponding HotSpare disk after the data of damaging on the disk according to the rank of RAID array to go.The physical block that the present invention gets access to all is physical blocks that data are arranged, so reconstruction seems very meaningful, has saved a large amount of reconstructions that there is no need.With respect to the implementation of rebuilding the physical resource that has distributed in the prior art, the present invention rebuilds the physical block that has been written into data, and efficient promotes greatly.Because the physical resource that has often distributed does not much all have the actual data that write.
Further various optimization process can also be done in reconstruction process unit 26.When if new data is written to physical block in process of reconstruction, reconstruction process unit 26 can write new data in data disks and the HotSpare disk simultaneously.The benefit of doing like this is that writing with process of rebuilding of business datum is independent of each other in the process of reconstruction, be equivalent to that business writes the time accomplished reconstruction, so the reconstruction process unit does not need to rebuild separately the data that this part newly writes again.
From realizing that dual mode is arranged.Such as; Rebuilding at first; Reconstruction process unit 26 can generate one earlier according to current resource Visitor Logs table and rebuild tabulation (the tabulation that physical block constituted of current state for having write), according to rebuilding tab sequential each physical block is rebuild.
Can certainly directly rebuild according to the resource access record sheet, reconstruction process unit 26 is got N (N is a natural number) state at every turn and is rebuild for the physical block that has write, till all physical blocks are rebuild completion.
Further, there in process of reconstruction, have new data to write to be fashionable, and according to the mode of step 102, Visitor Logs unit 24 can be updated to the state of this physical block and write, and can guarantee the integrality and the real-time of resource access record sheet like this.Suppose that fault has appearred in HotSpare disk in the process of reconstruction, with the replacement of other HotSpare disk, because the resource access record sheet is complete (having upgraded in time in other words conj.or perhaps), the process of therefore rebuilding once more can not be affected.
The above only is the preferable implementation of the present invention, and any modification of being made based on the present invention's spirit that is equal to all should be covered by in the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a RAID array rebuild device is used to carry out the RAID array rebuild operation in the network store system, and wherein said RAID array is divided into big or small same physical piece in advance, and this device comprises:
Resource allocation unit, being used for when creating logical resource is that logical resource distributes one or more physical blocks, and the corresponding relation between record logical resource and the physical block;
The Visitor Logs unit is used to safeguard a resource access record sheet, and this resource access record sheet is used to write down each physical block and whether has been written into data; Wherein this Visitor Logs unit when having data to write physical block with the status indication of this physical block in the resource access record sheet for writing; And when said logical resource is deleted, with the status indication of this logical resource corresponding physical piece in the resource access record for not writing; And
The reconstruction process unit is used for when rebuilding the RAID array, obtaining the physical block of state for having write according to said resource access record sheet, is that the unit rebuilds for the physical block that has write state with the physical block.
2. reconstructing device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; When said reconstruction process unit was further used in finding process of reconstruction, having the new data write state to be the physical block that does not write, the heat that the data that need the Write fault disk is write this failed disk and correspondence was equipped with disk.
3. reconstructing device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that said network store system also comprises the read-write business processing device, it is used for the deal with data read write command; If handle failure then return, if write order and handle and successfully then change the Visitor Logs cell processing over to.
4. reconstructing device according to claim 3; Wherein said Visitor Logs unit was further used for before mark physics bulk state; Check whether said resource access record sheet is effective; If then upgrade said resource access record sheet, otherwise do not upgrade and change other different reconstruction process unit over to; And whether inspection upgrades success when upgrading said physical block state, if upgrades successfully then continuation, otherwise said resource access record sheet is labeled as invalid.
5. reconstructing device according to claim 1, wherein said Visitor Logs unit are further used for obtaining this physical block current state before the mark physics bulk state, if current state is then returned otherwise continuation for writing.
6. a RAID array rebuild method is used to carry out the RAID array rebuild operation in the network store system, and wherein said RAID array is divided into big or small same physical piece in advance, and this method comprises:
A, when creating logical resource, be that logical resource distributes one or more physical blocks, and the corresponding relation between record logical resource and the physical block;
B, resource access record sheet of maintenance, this resource access record sheet is used to write down each physical block and whether has been written into data; And when having data to write physical block with the status indication of this physical block in the resource access record sheet for writing, and when said logical resource is deleted, with the status indication of this logical resource corresponding physical piece in the resource access record for not writing; And
C, when rebuilding the RAID array, obtaining the physical block of state for having write according to said resource access record sheet, is that the unit rebuilds for the physical block that has write state with the physical block.
7. method according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; Step C further is included in when finding to have in the process of reconstruction new data write state to be the physical block that does not write, and the heat that the data that need the Write fault disk is write this failed disk and correspondence is equipped with disk.
8. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises:
D, deal with data read write command are if handle failure then return, if write order and handle and successfully then change step B over to.
9. method according to claim 6; Wherein step B further comprises: before mark physics bulk state; Check whether said resource access record sheet is effective,, otherwise do not upgrade and change other different reconstruction process flow processs over to if then upgrade said resource access record sheet; And whether inspection upgrades success when upgrading said physical block state, if upgrades successfully then continuation, otherwise said resource access record sheet is labeled as invalid.
10. method according to claim 6, wherein said step B further comprises: before new physical block state more, obtaining this physical block current state, if current state is then returned otherwise continuation for writing.
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| CN104123100A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-10-29 | 国际商业机器公司 | Controlling data storage in an array of storage devices |
| CN105531677A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2016-04-27 | 新加坡科技研究局 | Raid parity stripe reconstruction |
| CN112650444A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-13 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Data reconstruction method, system, device and medium |
| CN113625974A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2021-11-09 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Disk array reconstruction method, device, equipment and medium |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |