CN102555982A - Safety belt wearing identification method and device based on machine vision - Google Patents
Safety belt wearing identification method and device based on machine vision Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safety belt wearing identification method and device based on machine vision. In the method, a CCD camera acquires an image of safety belt wearing state of a passenger, a digital signal processor (DSP) works out three characteristic point coordinates of the safety belt by the algorithm programmed in the DSP in advance, and the safety belt wearing state of a passenger is determined by the number of characteristic point coordinates of the safety belt. When the number of characteristic point coordinates of the safety belt is smaller than 3, the DSP gives an alarming instruction to an audible and visual alarm to remind the passenger to buckle up the safety belt in a correct way. When the passenger correctly wears the safety belt, the DSP detects the three characteristic point coordinates of the safety belt and the audible and visual alarm stops alarming. The invention can not only identify whether a passenger is wearing a safety belt, but also determine the wearing state of the safety belt.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of automobile safety, relate in particular to a kind of method and device based on Machine Vision Recognition seatbelt wearing state.
Background technology
Along with the rapid increase of the high speed development and the automobile pollution of arteries of communication, make automotive safety become one of problem that car manufactures and customer pay close attention to the most.Safety strap remains one of topmost passive protective device in traffic accident, and is acknowledged as effective passive safety method in the automobile.American National highway traffic safety Public Roads Administration (NHTSA) is sampled on crashproof data system (CDS) basis analyzing the dead analysis report system (FARS) of the U.S. and national self-propelled vehicle, 45% death that estimating correctly uses of seat belts can reduce the automobile front-row occupant accident and take place the time and 60% middle severe injury risk.Yet, there is investigation to show that for various reasons, the rate of wearing of safety strap allows of no optimist, the occupant not situation of wear safety belt or false wear safety belt is often taken place.Therefore, develop the safety strap prompt system and study corresponding safety strap recognition methods,, reduce death rate of accident and be significant the protection occupant.
At present; The domestic and international main method of inspection through buckle-type of seat belt reminder systems; For example: U.S. Pat 6239695B1 has narrated a kind of safety strap warning with the mode of example; Have only and to confirm automatically just that after buckle of safety belt inserts the locking of safety strap deck chaufeur fastens seat belts; But in the safety strap use, still exist the vacation of escaping the safety strap warning to wear the generation of behavior, be inserted into draw-in groove such as directly being sitting on the seat of having fastened seat belts or buying independent bayonet socket; Patent CN201501381U and patent CN201895647U improve the problems referred to above, can address the above problem, but exist safety strap are carried out the transformation problem, realize on the engineering that difficulty is bigger; Patent CN1822971A has proposed the employing ccd video camera and has obtained occupant's status image; And the mode of on safety strap, coating gauge point is judged whether wear safety belt of occupant; But when the occupant is sitting on the seat of having fastened seat belts; Or, shoulder belt being hung over the front in order to escape the detection of this method, this method is just worn to no effect occupant's vacation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that above-mentioned warning device exists; A kind of wearing safety belt recognition methods and device based on machine vision is provided; Seatbelt wearing state to the occupant is discerned, and prevents that the generation of wear safety belt not or false wear safety belt situation from appearring in the occupant.
The technical scheme that the present invention is based on the wearing safety belt means of identification employing of machine vision is: be made up of dsp processor, light sensor, light compensation lamp, ccd video camera and combined aural and visual alarm; Dsp processor connects light sensor, light compensation lamp, ccd video camera and combined aural and visual alarm respectively with different ports, concatenated images capture card between ccd video camera and the dsp processor; Said light sensor detects the light environment in compartment; Said light compensation lamp is arranged in occupant's front upper place, and the light environment in the compartment is compensated; Said ccd video camera is fixed in interior, gathers the information of safety strap, through image pick-up card image is transported to dsp processor.
The technical scheme of recognition methods that the present invention is based on the wearing safety belt means of identification of machine vision is after adopting following steps: A, vehicle launch; By light sensor the compartment light environment is detected; In the time of a little less than detecting the compartment light environment; Dsp processor sends instruction and it is lighted for the light compensation lamp, otherwise the light compensation lamp is not lighted; B, ccd video camera gather the image of occupant's seatbelt wearing state, and dsp processor is handled image, obtain 3 unique point coordinates of safety strap through enrolling wherein algorithm in advance; The number judgment occupant's of C, the unique point coordinate through safety strap seatbelt wearing state when unique point coordinate number is 3, is judged the correct wear safety belt of occupant; When unique point coordinate number was 2, what the judgement occupant wore was waistband; When unique point coordinate number is 1, judge that the occupant is sitting on the seat of having fastened seat belts and the shoulder belt of safety strap hung on one's body; When unique point coordinate number was 0, the judgement occupant did not have wear safety belt or is sitting on the seat of having fastened seat belts; D, when the unique point coordinate number of safety strap less than 3 the time, dsp processor sends alarm command and gives combined aural and visual alarm, reminds the occupant correctly to fasten seat belts; When the correct wear safety belt of occupant, dsp processor detects 3 unique point coordinates of safety strap, and combined aural and visual alarm stops to report to the police.
The present invention compares with existing sensors formula detection mode, can not only identify whether wear safety belt of occupant, simultaneously, can also judge the state of seatbelt wearing.If respectively fatigue detecting algorithm and occupant's figure and features characteristics algorithm are read in dsp processor, through employed device among the present invention, the fatigue state that can also be respectively applied for the occupant detects and develops the safety air bag of intelligence more.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an apparatus structure scheme drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the diagram of circuit of identification occupant wear safety belt;
The accompanying drawing acceptance of the bid is kept the score and is stated as follows: the 1.DSP treater; 2. light sensor; 3. light compensation lamp; 4.CCD pick up camera; 5. image pick-up card; 6. combined aural and visual alarm; 7. safety strap; 8. occupant; 9. shoulder belt; 10. waistband; 11. seat.
The specific embodiment
For further setting forth the present invention is the technical measures that make it and taked, and specifies as follows below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Shown in Figure 1, apparatus of the present invention mainly are made up of dsp processor 1, light sensor 2, light compensation lamp 3, ccd video camera 4, combined aural and visual alarm 6.Dsp processor 1 connects light sensor 2, light compensation lamp 3, ccd video camera 4 and combined aural and visual alarm 6 respectively with different ports, concatenated images capture card 5 between ccd video camera 4 and the dsp processor 1.
Dsp processor 1 is the core of whole device; Mainly contain following function: occupant's image of gathering from ccd video camera 1 is used to collect; It is handled; And judge whether that safety strap 7 exists and safety strap 7 wear type, extract the unique point coordinate of safety strap 7, the number judgment occupant's 8 of the unique point coordinate through safety strap 7 seatbelt wearing state.The realization of above-mentioned functions is to accomplish through the algorithm that reads in advance in the dsp processor 1.Before ccd video camera 4 is gathered occupant 8 image; Dsp processor 1 can be judged through the light environment in 2 pairs of compartments of light sensor; Whether decision calls light compensation lamp 3 is carried out necessary light filling, to guarantee that ccd video camera 4 collects occupant's image clearly; The number of dsp processor 1 through the unique point coordinate of the safety strap 7 of trying to achieve judges whether to send alarm command and gives combined aural and visual alarm 6.
Light sensor 2 is used for the light environment in compartment is detected, and light sensor 2 should be arranged in the place of the ambient light environment that can reflect occupant 8 as far as possible.During insufficient light, light compensation lamp 3 can be lighted in detecting the compartment, can collect the sufficient occupant's image of light to guarantee ccd video camera.Otherwise light compensation lamp 3 is not lighted.
Light compensation lamp 3 is used for the light environment in the compartment is compensated, and is arranged in occupant 8 front upper place as far as possible, and in order to save cost, light supply lamp 3 can use the car light reading lamp to replace.
Ccd video camera 4 is used to gather occupant 8 image, and through image pick-up card 5 image is transported to dsp processor 1.Ccd video camera 4 is fixed in interior, and the installation site must guarantee the information that collects safety strap 7 as much as possible, for example is fixed on roof intersection in front windshield and the compartment, oblique shooting down.
Combined aural and visual alarm 6 can adopt the mode output alarm of optical signal or acoustical signal.
Safety strap 7 is made up of shoulder belt 9 and waistband 10.The state of wearing of safety strap 7 is meant the situation that occupant 8 uses of seat belts, and the situation of the mal wear safety belt 7 of occupant's 8 existence at present mainly comprises: the one, do not fasten the safety belt 7; The 2nd, independent bayonet socket is inserted in the draw-in groove; The 3rd, directly be sitting on 7 the seat 11 of having fastened seat belts; The 4th, be sitting on 7 the seat 11 of fastening seat belts, and shoulder belt 9 is hung over the front, to hide the inspection of safety strap warning device and traffic constable.Occupant 8 directly is sitting on 7 the seat 11 of having fastened seat belts, and the situation that waistband 10 hangs over waist can not taken place in reality, but still can discern it through the present invention, therefore can be used for the detection to back row's middle passenger two-point belt.
Shown in Figure 2, in order to reach the purpose through the state of wearing of Machine Vision Recognition safety strap 7, the present invention realizes through following method:
Behind vehicle launch, the ccd video camera 4 that is fixed in interior is gathered occupant 8 image.For guaranteeing that ccd video camera 4 collects occupant's image clearly; The compartment light environment is detected before ccd video camera 4 begins to gather by dsp processor 1 control light sensor 2; Whether decision light compensation lamp 3 is lighted when ccd video camera 4 is gathered occupant's images is carried out light filling, and when light sensor 2 detects the compartment light environment when more weak, dsp processor 1 can send instruction and make it light a moment for light compensation lamp 3; With the environment around illuminating; Guaranteeing that the compartment has under enough light environments, the ccd video camera 4 that is installed in the car collects the image of occupant's seatbelt wearing state clearly, makes this system have enough comformabilitys.
Occupant's image that ccd video camera 4 is gathered is transported to dsp processor 1 through image pick-up card 5, and subsequently, 1 pair of occupant's image of dsp processor is handled, and comprises two processes of pretreatment and post-processing.Preprocessing process comprises that again smoothing denoising and cromogram are converted into two steps of gray-scale map; The noise that suppresses to occur on the image through smoothing denoising is converted through gray-scale map and reduces image color information, shortens the time of post-processing work, improves accuracy.Last handling process comprises image binaryzation and two steps of integral projection, extracts the unique point coordinate of safety strap 7; The purpose of image binaryzation is to remain with effective information, and the image of safety strap 7 is separated from occupant 8 image.The key issue of binary conversion treatment is choosing of gray scale threshold values; The safety strap color of considering present entrucking has two kinds of black and the colours of skin, and the color relative fixed, therefore can be in advance confirms threshold values to the gray value of the color of safety strap 7 in the image; Operate through binaryzation; Occupant 8 image is converted into artwork master, and the safety strap shape appears with white among the figure, and remaining is black.Therefore, if occupant 8 has worn safety strap 7, safety strap 7 can appear in the binary image with white so, if there is not wear safety belt 7, after the binaryzation, image becomes all black.The purpose that binary image is carried out gray integration is to try to achieve the unique point coordinate of safety strap 7; Make the dsp processor 1 can be through unique point coordinate identification occupant wear safety belt 7 whether, and the number judgment occupant's 8 through the unique point coordinate seatbelt wearing state.
The unique point coordinate of safety strap 7 be 1 couple of occupant's 8 of dsp processor image handle obtain image integration drop shadow curve after; In conjunction with the priori of safety strap 7 characteristics, obtain that the coordinate of coordinate and the integral projection curve peak point of integral projection curve and coordinate axle intersection point obtains.If occupant's 8 correct wear safety belts, the dsp processor 1 unique point coordinate number of trying to achieve through above-mentioned algorithm is 3 so; If what the occupant wore is waistband (two-point belt), the number of the unique point of trying to achieve through above-mentioned algorithm so is 2; If occupant 8 is sitting on 7 the seat of fastening seat belts, but on one's body shoulder belt hung over, to hide the inspection of safety strap warning device and traffic constable, the number of the unique point of trying to achieve through above-mentioned algorithm so is 1; If the occupant does not have wear safety belt 7 or is sitting on 7 the seat of fastening seat belts, the dsp processor 1 unique point coordinate number of trying to achieve through above-mentioned algorithm is 0 so.Image through after dsp processor 1 processing not only make the characteristic of safety strap 7 be extracted out, and the integral projection curve of its characteristic presents definite shape.Dsp processor 1 can be obtained the characteristic point coordinates of integral projection curve through enrolling wherein algorithm in advance subsequently, promptly obtains the unique point coordinate of safety strap 7.
When occupant 8 wears safety strap 7 when putting in place, dsp processor 1 can be in the hope of three unique point coordinates of safety strap 7; When occupant 8 does not fasten the safety belt 7 or directly be sitting in 7 the 11 last times of seat of having fastened seat belts, the number that dsp processor 1 is tried to achieve the safety strap unique point is zero; When occupant 8 only with shoulder belt 9 during across the front, dsp processor 1 is tried to achieve a unique point coordinate; Therefore,, have only as occupant 8 it is worn when putting in place, just can try to achieve three unique points for the detection of safety strap 7.
Whether the number judgment safety strap 7 of the unique point coordinate of dsp processor 1 through trying to achieve safety strap 7 is worn and is put in place, and sends corresponding instruction to combined aural and visual alarm 6.Whether combined aural and visual alarm 6 reports to the police to remind the correct wear safety belt of occupant according to the instruction decision that dsp processor 1 sends.If the unique point number of the safety strap of trying to achieve 7 is less than three, dsp processor 1 can send alarm command and give combined aural and visual alarm 6, reminds occupant 8 correctly to fasten seat belts 7, and simultaneously, ccd video camera 4 can continuously be gathered occupant 8 image.After occupant 8 heard alerting signal and correct wear safety belt 7, dsp processor 1 can detect three unique points, stopped subsequently sending alarm command to combined aural and visual alarm 6, and combined aural and visual alarm 6 stops to report to the police.Otherwise combined aural and visual alarm 6 can continue warning reminding occupant 8 and fasten seat belts 7.
Claims (4)
1. wearing safety belt means of identification based on machine vision; It is characterized in that: form by dsp processor, light sensor, light compensation lamp, ccd video camera and combined aural and visual alarm; Dsp processor connects light sensor, light compensation lamp, ccd video camera and combined aural and visual alarm respectively with different ports, concatenated images capture card between ccd video camera and the dsp processor; Said light sensor detects the light environment in compartment; Said light compensation lamp is arranged in occupant's front upper place, and the light environment in the compartment is compensated; Said ccd video camera is fixed in interior, gathers the information of safety strap, through image pick-up card image is transported to dsp processor.
2. one kind according to claim 1 based on the recognition methods of the wearing safety belt means of identification of machine vision, it is characterized in that adopting following steps:
Behind A, the vehicle launch, by light sensor the compartment light environment is detected, in the time of a little less than detecting the compartment light environment, dsp processor sends instruction and it is lighted for the light compensation lamp, otherwise the light compensation lamp is not lighted;
B, ccd video camera gather the image of occupant's seatbelt wearing state, and dsp processor is handled image, obtain 3 unique point coordinates of safety strap through enrolling wherein algorithm in advance;
The number judgment occupant's of C, the unique point coordinate through safety strap seatbelt wearing state when unique point coordinate number is 3, is judged the correct wear safety belt of occupant; When unique point coordinate number was 2, what the judgement occupant wore was waistband; When unique point coordinate number is 1, judge that the occupant is sitting on the seat of having fastened seat belts and the shoulder belt of safety strap hung on one's body; When unique point coordinate number was 0, the judgement occupant did not have wear safety belt or is sitting on the seat of having fastened seat belts;
D, when the unique point coordinate number of safety strap less than 3 the time, dsp processor sends alarm command and gives combined aural and visual alarm, reminds the occupant correctly to fasten seat belts; When the correct wear safety belt of occupant, dsp processor detects 3 unique point coordinates of safety strap, and combined aural and visual alarm stops to report to the police.
3. recognition methods according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said dsp processor is handled image and is comprised pretreatment and two processes of post-processing; Preprocessing process comprises that smoothing denoising and cromogram are converted into gray-scale map, and last handling process comprises image binaryzation and integral projection.
4. recognition methods according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the unique point coordinate of said safety strap be dsp processor occupant's image is handled obtain image integration drop shadow curve after; In conjunction with the priori of safety strap characteristic, obtain that the coordinate of coordinate and the integral projection curve peak point of integral projection curve and coordinate axle intersection point obtains.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103552538A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-05 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Safe belt detection method and device |
| CN103863244A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-18 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method and apparatus for detecting a fraudulent use of an occupant safety belt of a vehicle |
| CN104270693A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-07 | 电子科技大学 | Virtual earphone |
| CN105109448A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-02 | 安徽工程大学 | System for detecting whether automobile safety belt is worn correctly and detection method of system |
| CN105946786A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-21 | 厦门理工学院 | Detection method for standard wearing of safety belt, reminding system for standard wearing of safety belt and control method for reminding system |
| CN106218496A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2016-12-14 | 福特全球技术公司 | Illuminated seat belt assembly |
| CN109996701A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-07-09 | 奥迪股份公司 | The equipment of the normal wearing state of safety belt for identification |
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| CN113139473A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-20 | 北京市商汤科技开发有限公司 | Safety belt detection method, device, equipment and medium |
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| CN115071633A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Safety belt control method and system |
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| CN103863244A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-18 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method and apparatus for detecting a fraudulent use of an occupant safety belt of a vehicle |
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| CN109996701A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-07-09 | 奥迪股份公司 | The equipment of the normal wearing state of safety belt for identification |
| CN110751074A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-02-04 | 上海眼控科技股份有限公司 | Method, system and terminal for judging interior refitting of carriage and refitting judging method |
| CN113815561A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-21 | 辉达公司 | Machine learning based seat belt detection and use identification using fiducial markers |
| CN112016502A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-01 | 平安国际智慧城市科技股份有限公司 | Safety belt detection method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN112016502B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2023-12-26 | 平安国际智慧城市科技股份有限公司 | Safety belt detection method, safety belt detection device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN113139473A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-20 | 北京市商汤科技开发有限公司 | Safety belt detection method, device, equipment and medium |
| CN115071633A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Safety belt control method and system |
| CN115187967A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-10-14 | 苏州魔视智能科技有限公司 | Detection method, training method, electronic device and readable storage medium |
| CN115187967B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2023-02-17 | 苏州魔视智能科技有限公司 | Detection method, training method, electronic device and readable storage medium |
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