CN102783973A - Vocal-cord vibration nondestructive measurement method utilizing natural sound track ultraphonic waveguide effect - Google Patents
Vocal-cord vibration nondestructive measurement method utilizing natural sound track ultraphonic waveguide effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN102783973A CN102783973A CN2012102784616A CN201210278461A CN102783973A CN 102783973 A CN102783973 A CN 102783973A CN 2012102784616 A CN2012102784616 A CN 2012102784616A CN 201210278461 A CN201210278461 A CN 201210278461A CN 102783973 A CN102783973 A CN 102783973A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vocal-cord vibration nondestructive measurement method by utilizing a natural vocal track ultraphonic waveguide effect. The method comprises the following steps of: stimulating an ultrasonic wave through an air ultrasonic transducer, and guiding the ultrasonic wave into an oral cavity and a vocal track; transmitting the ultrasonic wave in a natural acoustic waveguide formed by a vocal track of a human body to arrive a vibrated vocal track; through reflection of a surface of the vocal track, transmitting the ultrasonic wave back to the oral cavity through the vocal track, and detecting a reflection echo through the air ultrasonic transducer; after digitalizing a reflection signal, computing frequency deviation of the reflection signal relative to a transmitting signal; obtaining relative movement speed of a refection surface of the ultrasonic wave (i.e. the surface of the vocal track) through a doppler frequency shift formula; and integrating a speed value so as to obtain a movement displacement signal of the reflection surface of the ultrasonic wave. According to the vocal-cord vibration nondestructive measurement method provided by the invention, the ultrasonic transducer has no need to be stretched into the deep part of the vocal track, an examined patient has no need to maintain a particular body posture to straighten the vocal track, and higher safety and usability are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of non-intrusion type detection method of vocal cord vibration, is a kind of ultrasound waveguide effect of human body sound channel and method that hyperacoustic doppler shift effect detects the vertical vibration of vocal cords upper surface utilized specifically.
Background technology
Vocal cord vibration is the sound source of human speech, and it is playing the part of the role of a key in the production process of voice.Simultaneously, vocal cords also are one of human body vitals, and vocal cord vibration also closely related with a lot of throat diseases unusually is like vocal nodule, vocal cords edema or the like.Therefore, the vocal cord vibration detection of information both had important value to the sound generating mechanism of being familiar with normal and irregular voice; Also to preventing, diagnose, assess some throat diseases to have important clinic value.Just because of these reasons, the clinic diagnosis of phoniatrics, laryngopathy etc. all have urgent demand to the new technique of detection by quantitative vocal cord vibration information.
The common method that is used to detect vocal cord vibration at present mainly contains several kinds of inspection methods such as electric glottogram, light glottogram, laryngoscope and high-speed photography endoscope.The electricity glottogram is the vibration situation that the variation of contact resistance comes the indirect detection vocal cords in the vocal cords closing course about when utilizing sounding, and it is only effective to the close stage in vocal cord vibration cycle.The light glottogram is a motion conditions of utilizing the variation of the logical light quantity of glottis opening stage in the voiced process to come the indirect detection vocal cords, and it is only responsive to the opening stage in vocal cord vibration cycle.The electricity glottogram all is to detect the physical quantity relevant with vocal cord vibration to come inverting vocal cord vibration information with the light glottogram; Though they all are the measuring methods of the non-intrusion type that can't harm; But they can only obtain vocal cords lateral vibration information; And these information are relative vibration signals, rather than the quantitative information of vocal cord vibration (like the displacement of reality, speed etc.).Laryngoscope and high-speed photography endoscope are that the vocal cord vibration of two kinds of present clinical frequent uses is in addition observed and measuring method.These two kinds of methods are based on the optical imagery means; But because the straightline propagation characteristic of light and the natural torsion shape of sound channel; When adopting laryngoscope or high-speed photography endoscope that vocal cord vibration is detected, must optical fiber be stretched into sound channel or the patient must keep given pose, therefore; These methods are not complete non-invasive measuring method, and its range of application is limited to.Generally speaking, vocal cord vibration detection method commonly used at present all has its shortcoming and application limitation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of natural phonation waveguide effect of human body sound channel and new method of ultrasonic Doppler effect nondestructive measurement vocal cords Surface Vertical vibration non-invasively utilized; This method is made detection by quantitative to the speed and the displacement of vocal cords surface vibration in the voiced process, for clinic diagnosis of phoniatrics, laryngopathy etc. provides reliable basis.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of vocal cord vibration non-destructive measuring method that utilizes nature sound channel ultrasound waveguide effect may further comprise the steps:
(1) use a Y type conduit to be used for coupling track and two air ultrasound transducers, an air ultrasound transducer is used the air ultrasound transducer for emission, is installed in first port of Y type conduit; Another air ultrasound transducer is used the air ultrasound transducer for receiving, and is installed in second port of Y type conduit; Emission is connected with signal generator with the air ultrasound transducer, receives to be connected with signal amplifier with the air ultrasound transducer, and signal amplifier is connected with oscillograph, and oscillograph is connected with computer;
(2) measured people carries out sounding with the 3rd port (not connecing the port of air ultrasound transducer) of normal posture and sounding custom aligning Y type conduit;
(3) said signal generator generation frequency does
f t Sinusoidal signal, convert ultrasound wave through emission into the air ultrasound transducer, and incide first port of Y type conduit; Y type catheter guidance ultrasound wave gets in detected person's mouth, and sound channel will further play the effect of nature ultrasound waveguide, and ultrasonic signal is guided to vocal cords; After the surface reflectance of ultrasound wave process vocal cords, conduct the chamber of answering back via sound channel again, be coupled into Y type conduit, and be received with the reception of air ultrasound transducer, signal is exaggerated the back digitized sampling and is stored in computer;
If the vocal cords surface as the ultrasonic reflections cross section is a plane of movement, because ultrasonic Doppler effect, reflective sound wave is with respect to incident acoustic wave, and its frequency will squint,
In the formula (1),
f t Represent the incident ultrasonic frequency,
f r Represent the reflectance ultrasound wave frequency.Difference on the frequency between incident acoustic wave and the reflective sound wave
f d =
f r –
f t Be called Doppler frequency.The size of Doppler frequency satisfies following formula:
In the formula (2)
VBe the projected size of vocal cords surface movement velocity on incident transonic direction,
c Air It is the airborne velocity of sound.If the ultrasonic reflection face direction of motion is consistent with incident ultrasonic propagation direction, then
VGet on the occasion of, otherwise,
VGet negative value.If ||
V|| much smaller than the airborne velocity of sound
c Air , then formula (2) can be reduced to
(3)
In the present invention, ultrasound wave is by the sound channel vocal cords that lead, ultrasound wave be near normal incide the upper surface of vocal cords, therefore, we can think speed approx
VIn fact be the vertical direction component of vocal cords upper surface vibration with representing.When vocal cords move upward (
V<0), Doppler frequency be on the occasion of
f d >0; Otherwise, when vocal cords move downward (
V>0), Doppler frequency is a negative value
f d <0.Therefore formula (3) shows that Doppler frequency is carrying the movable information of ultrasonic reflections face.
(4) utilize Hilbert transform that the ultrasonic reflection signal that receives is carried out demodulation, obtain Doppler frequency signal
f d
(5) because the velocity peak values of vocal cord vibration is lower than ~ magnitude of 1 meter per second, and temperature is when being 36 Co, and the airborne velocity of sound is about 352 meter per seconds, so satisfy ||
V||<<
c Air , in view of the above, we can try to achieve the surperficial speed that moves both vertically of vocal cords according to Doppler frequency information and formula (3) that demodulation obtains,
(6) then that vocal cords are the surperficial rate signal that moves both vertically carries out integration to the time, can further obtain the displacement that moves both vertically on vocal cords surface,
(5)
The present invention is through air ultrasound transducer excitation ultrasound ripple and with ultrasound waveguide entrance cavity, sound channel; The vocal cords that vibrating are propagated and arrived to ultrasound wave in the natural phonation waveguide that is made up of the human body sound channel; Reflection through the vocal cords surface; Ultrasound wave is passed the oral cavity back via sound channel and again by air ultrasound transducer detection of reflected echo, reflected signal is carried out digitized after, calculate the frequency shift (FS) that reflected signal transmits relatively again; And obtain the movement velocity of ultrasonic reflections surface (being the vocal cords surfaces) through Doppler shift formula, again velocity amplitude is carried out integration and just can obtain the surperficial moving displacement signal of ultrasonic reflections.
In the present invention, the sound channel of human body has been played the part of the effect of a natural phonation waveguide.Sound channel to vocal cords, will guide the guiding of transmitting transducer ultrasonic waves transmitted to receiving transducer via the reflection supersonic wave of vocal cords reflection again simultaneously.Therefore, the vocal cord vibration measuring method that the present invention proposes need not extend into the sound channel depths with ultrasonic transducer, does not also need checked patient to keep specific body gesture to stretch sound channel.In addition, the low power ultrasound ripple that adopts among the present invention is as detected carrier, to human body safety, not damaged.Therefore, the vocal cord vibration monitoring method that the present invention proposes is harmless fully non-invasive detection method, has higher safety and ease for use.
Beneficial effect:The present invention compares with vocal cord vibration measuring method commonly used at present, has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention has utilized the human body sound channel as natural ultrasound waveguide; Guide the propagation of ultrasound wave between ultrasonic transducer and the measured vocal cords; Avoided and need transducer stretched into sound channel or require the patient to keep special body position to stretch sound channel; Therefore, this invention is non-invasive fully, and it is easier to daily larynx functional check.
(2) the present invention utilizes ultrasonic Doppler effect to measure vocal cord vibration, and according to Doppler frequency and Doppler's formula that demodulation obtains, the present invention can obtain the speed and the displacement absolute value of vocal cord vibration, and is not only the relative size of speed and displacement.
(3) the present invention can obtain the movement velocity and the displacement of the vocal cords upper surface vertical direction that present other method can not record.
(4) measurement device of the present invention is simple, is easy to realize.
Description of drawings
The system schematic of Fig. 1 vocal cord vibration measuring method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the measurement result of the inventive method to the vibration of respiratory body band
Fig. 3 is the measurement result of the inventive method to whispered pectoriloquy voiced process vocal cord vibration.
Fig. 4 is the measurement result of the inventive method to voice/a/ voiced process vocal cord vibration.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is further specified.
A kind of vocal cord vibration non-destructive measuring method that utilizes nature sound channel ultrasound waveguide effect may further comprise the steps:
(1) as shown in Figure 1, use a Y type conduit 1 to be used for coupling track and two air ultrasound transducers, air ultrasound transducer for emission with air ultrasound transducer 2, be installed in first port of Y type conduit 1; Another air ultrasound transducer is installed in second port of Y type conduit 1 for receiving with air ultrasound transducer 3; Emission is connected with signal generator 4 with air ultrasound transducer 2, receives to be connected with signal amplifier 5 with air ultrasound transducer 3, and signal amplifier 5 is connected with oscillograph 6, and oscillograph 6 is connected with computer 7;
(2) measured people carries out sounding with the 3rd port of normal posture and sounding custom aligning Y type conduit;
(3) said signal generator generation frequency does
f t Sinusoidal signal, convert ultrasound wave through emission into the air ultrasound transducer, and incide first port of Y type conduit; Y type catheter guidance ultrasound wave gets in detected person's mouth, and sound channel will further play the effect of nature ultrasound waveguide, and ultrasonic signal is guided to vocal cords; After the surface reflectance of ultrasound wave process vocal cords, conduct the chamber of answering back via sound channel again, be coupled into Y type conduit, and be received with the reception of air ultrasound transducer, signal is exaggerated the back digitized sampling and is stored in computer;
(4) utilize Hilbert transform that the ultrasonic reflection signal that receives is carried out demodulation, obtain Doppler frequency signal
f d
(5) the Doppler frequency information that obtains according to demodulation is tried to achieve the speed that moves both vertically
on vocal cords surface;
(6) then that vocal cords are the surperficial rate signal that moves both vertically carries out integration to the time, can further obtain the displacement that moves both vertically
on vocal cords surface.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 2, the detected person is asked to breathe facing to the port of Y type conduit, but does not want sounding.It is the sinusoidal signal of 350kHz that signal generator produces frequency, and uses the air ultrasound transducer to produce the ultrasound wave of frequency as 350kHz through emission.Via the guiding of Y type conduit, with ultrasound waveguide to the oral cavity.Ultrasonic echo is received with the air ultrasound transducer by another and receives, and the sample frequency with 100MHz after amplifying is sampled, and is stored in the computer.After adopting Hilbert transform that ultrasound echo signal is carried out demodulation, can obtain Doppler frequency.Under the situation of this not sounding, owing to the body band does not vibrate, so the ultrasonic reflections face is a stationary face.The Doppler frequency value that adopts method of the present invention to obtain is also very little; According to formula
and
; Can be in the hope of the speed of vocal cord vibration and displacement all near 0, the state that has recorded vocal cord vibration that method of the present invention is correct.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 3, the detected person is asked to send out whispered pectoriloquy/a/ facing to the port of Y type conduit, and the waveform of this voice signal is shown in Fig. 2 (d).It is the sinusoidal signal of 350kHz that signal generator produces frequency, and uses the air ultrasound transducer to produce the ultrasound wave of frequency as 350kHz through emission.Via the guiding of Y type conduit, with ultrasound waveguide to the oral cavity.Ultrasonic echo is received with the air ultrasound transducer by another and receives, and the sample frequency with 100MHz after amplifying is sampled, and is stored in the computer.After adopting Hilbert transform that ultrasound echo signal is carried out demodulation, can obtain Doppler frequency.The generation of whispered pectoriloquy just produces the high velocity turbulent flow noise that can hear through glottis extruding high velocity air, and a kind of aperiodic irregular voice that modulation produces through sound channel, does not also produce vocal cord vibration at the voiced process of whispered pectoriloquy.The Doppler frequency value that adopts method of the present invention to obtain is very little; According to formula
and
; Can be in the hope of the speed of vocal cord vibration and displacement all near 0, the state that has recorded the vocal cord vibration under the whispered pectoriloquy sounding condition that method of the present invention is correct.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 4, the detected person is asked to the port facing to Y type conduit, sends out vowel/a/ with normal tune, and it is the sinusoidal signal of 350kHz that signal generator produces frequency, and uses the air ultrasound transducer to produce the ultrasound wave of frequency as 350kHz through emission.Via the guiding of Y type conduit, with ultrasound waveguide to the oral cavity.Ultrasonic echo is received with the air ultrasound transducer by another and receives, and the sample frequency with 100MHz after amplifying is sampled, and is stored in the computer.After adopting Hilbert transform that ultrasound echo signal is carried out demodulation, can obtain Doppler frequency.
The generation of vowel is the result of body band vibrational excitation glottis, and the body band produces periodic vibration in the voiced process of vowel.Adopt method of the present invention to record, under normal vowel sounding condition, tangible frequency shift (FS) has taken place in the ultrasonic signal of process body band upper surface reflected back.On behalf of the vocal cords upper surface, positive Doppler frequency move upward, and on behalf of the vocal cords upper surface, negative Doppler frequency move downward.According to the Doppler frequency value of measuring and demodulation obtains, and air themperature 36 Co in the hypothesis sound channel, the speed that sound wave is propagated therein does
c Air=352 meter per seconds utilize formula
The speed that moves both vertically of vocal cords upper surface in the time of can be in the hope of the vowel sounding.According to measurement result of the present invention, the peak-to-peak value of body band vibration velocity is about 0.16 meter per second.The result that this result and finite element modelling, half larynx experiment measuring obtain is consistent.Utilize method of the present invention, the correct state that has recorded the vocal cord vibration under the vowel sounding condition.
Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.The all available prior art of each ingredient not clear and definite in the present embodiment realizes.
Claims (1)
1. vocal cord vibration non-destructive measuring method that utilizes nature sound channel ultrasound waveguide effect is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
Use a Y type conduit to be used for coupling track and two air ultrasound transducers, an air ultrasound transducer is used the air ultrasound transducer for emission, is installed in first port of Y type conduit; Another air ultrasound transducer is used the air ultrasound transducer for receiving, and is installed in second port of Y type conduit; Emission is connected with signal generator with the air ultrasound transducer, receives to be connected with signal amplifier with the air ultrasound transducer, and signal amplifier is connected with oscillograph, and oscillograph is connected with computer;
The 3rd port that measured people aims at Y type conduit with normal posture and sounding custom carries out sounding;
Said signal generator produces frequency
f t Sinusoidal signal, convert ultrasound wave through emission into the air ultrasound transducer, and incide first port of Y type conduit; Y type catheter guidance ultrasound wave gets in detected person's mouth, and sound channel will further play the effect of nature ultrasound waveguide, and ultrasonic signal is guided to vocal cords; After the surface reflectance of ultrasound wave process vocal cords, conduct the chamber of answering back via sound channel again, be coupled into Y type conduit, and be received with the reception of air ultrasound transducer, signal is exaggerated the back digitized sampling and is stored in computer;
Utilize Hilbert transform that the ultrasonic reflection signal that receives is carried out demodulation, obtain Doppler frequency signal
f d
Doppler frequency information according to demodulation obtains is tried to achieve the surperficial speed that moves both vertically
of vocal cords;
Then the rate signal that moves both vertically with the vocal cords surface carries out integration to the time, can further obtain the displacement that moves both vertically
on vocal cords surface.
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| CN103323094A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-25 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Heterodyne laser interference angle vibration measuring device and method |
| CN103690195A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-02 | 西安交通大学 | Ultrasonic endo-stroboscope system synchronized with electroglottography and control method thereof |
| CN108135576A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-06-08 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | For determining the Vltrasonic device of the medical condition of object and method |
| CN110826515A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-21 | 三峡大学 | Closed idiosyncrasy singing tone detection device |
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| CN110826515A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-21 | 三峡大学 | Closed idiosyncrasy singing tone detection device |
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