CN102845027A - 用于在diameter节点处提供优先级路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本文公开了用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质。一种示例性方法包括在与DSR相关联的Diameter消息处理器处接收来自第一Diameter节点的Diameter消息。该方法还包括在所述Diameter消息处理器处将优先级水平指示符分配给Diameter消息。该方法还包括将具有所述优先级水平指示符的所述Diameter消息路由给第二Diameter节点。第二示例性方法包括在与DSR相关联的Diameter消息处理器处接收来自第一Diameter节点的包括优先级水平指示符的Diameter消息。第二方法还包括在所述Diameter消息处理器处至少部分地基于在所述Diameter消息中包含的所述优先级水平指示符将路由动作应用到所述Diameter消息。
Description
要求优先权
本申请要求保护2010年2月12日提交的、序列号为61/304,310的美国临时专利申请的权益,并且该美国临时专利申请的公开内容以引用方式全部并入本文。
以引用方式进行并入的声明
下面于2011年2月11日提交的、共同拥有的且同待决的美国专利申请中的每一者的公开内容都以引用方式全部并入本文:
代理人案号为1322/399/2的“用于进行DIAMETER消息处理器间路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”(尚未分配序列号);
代理人案号为1322/399/3的“用于基于源对等体容量的Diameter负载均分的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”(尚未分配序列号);
代理人案号为1322/399/4的“用于消息处理器间状态共享的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”(尚未分配序列号);
代理人案号为1322/399/6/2的“用于在Diameter节点处提供对等体路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”(尚未分配序列号);
代理人案号为1322/399/7的“用于在Diameter节点处提供起源路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”(尚未分配序列号);
代理人案号为1322/399/8的“用于在Diameter节点处提供本地应用路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”(尚未分配序列号);
代理人案号为1322/399/9的“用于对Diameter请求消息进行基于回答的路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”(尚未分配序列号);
代理人案号为1322/399/10的“用于在Diameter信令路由器(DSR)处执行基于Diameter回答消息的网络管理的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”(尚未分配序列号);
代理人案号为1322/399/11的“用于对Diameter信令信息进行多接口监测与相关的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”(尚未分配序列号);
代理人案号为1322/399/12的“用于Diameter协议协调的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”(尚未分配序列号);
代理人案号为1322/399/13的“用于Diameter网络管理的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”(尚未分配序列号);
代理人案号为1322/399/14的“用于Diameter应用环路预防的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”(尚未分配序列号)。
技术领域
本文描述的本发明主题涉及在Diameter节点处执行路由。具体地说,本发明主题涉及用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质。
背景技术
Diameter是用于计算机网络的认证、授权和记账(AAA)协议,是对RADIUS的沿承。在IETF RFC 3588中定义了Diameter基础协议,其公开内容通过引用的方式全部并入本文。RFC 3588讨论了用于路由Diameter信令消息的Diameter路由代理,但是没有规定一般用于Diameter路由代理或Diameter路由的架构。同样,RFC 3588没有提出具体方法,在该具体方法中,通过使用包含在Diameter信令消息中的优先级信息参数来进行Diameter消息路由。
因此,面对这些难题,需要用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的改进的方法、系统和计算机可读介质。
发明内容
本文公开了用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质。一种示例性方法包括在与DSR相关联的Diameter消息处理器处接收来自第一Diameter节点的Diameter消息。该方法还包括在所述Diameter消息处理器处将优先级水平指示符分配给Diameter消息。该方法还包括将具有所述优先级水平指示符的所述Diameter消息路由给第二Diameter节点。第二示例性方法包括在与DSR相关联的Diameter消息处理器处接收来自第一Diameter节点的包括优先级水平指示符的Diameter消息。第二方法还包括在所述Diameter消息处理器处至少部分地基于在所述Diameter消息中包含的所述优先级水平指示符将路由动作应用到所述Diameter消息。
本文描述的本发明主题可以实现为与硬件和/或固件组合的软件。例如,本文描述的本发明主题可以实现成由处理器执行的软件。在一个示例性实现方案中,本文描述的用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的本发明主题可以使用其上存储有可执行指令的非暂时性计算机可读介质来实现,该可执行指令当由计算机的处理器执行时控制该处理器执行步骤。适于实现本文描述的本发明主题的示例性非暂时性计算机可读介质包括可由处理器访问的芯片存储设备或磁盘存储设备、可编程逻辑设备以及专用集成电路。另外,实现了本文描述的本发明主题的计算机可读介质可以位于单个计算平台上,或者可以分布在多个计算平台之间。
附图说明
现在将参照如下附图来详述本文描述的本发明主题:
图1是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出包括用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的单个Diameter消息处理器(MP)的示例软件架构的框图;
图2是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出包括用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的基于完全栈的消息处理器(MP)的示例软件架构的框图;
图3是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出包括用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级应用路由的专用DCL消息处理器(MP)的示例软件架构的框图;
图4是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出包括用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的专用DCL/DRL和应用消息处理器(MP)的示例软件架构的框图;
图5是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的示例高层消息路由流的框图;
图6是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出包括用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的功能划分的示例可放缩Diameter信令路由器的框图;
图7是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出普通的消息处理器间路由的消息序列图;
图8是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出由出口消息处理器由于Diameter对等体节点的不可用性而拒绝的初次路由尝试的消息序列图;
图9是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出没有路线支持入口请求消息中的特定应用标识符的消息序列图;
图10是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出示例路线清单表的框图;
图11是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例的路线清单中的多个路线组的概念视图;
图12是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出示例对等体路由表(PRT)及相关的路线清单表的框图;
图13是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出利用默认条目的示例对等体路由表的框图;
图14是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出利用默认条目的另一示例对等体路由表的框图;
图15是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出利用默认条目的另一示例对等体路由表的框图;
图16是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出为每个表条目提供路线清单容量的示例路线清单表的框图;
图17是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出为每个表条目提供路线清单可用性数据的示例路线清单表的框图;
图18是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出由Diameter信令路由器的Diameter路由层执行的示例路线选择过程的流程图;
图19是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出由DSR对包含优先级水平指示符的Diameter消息执行的基于优先级的路由的信令图;
图20是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出由DSR将优先级水平指示符插入到Diameter请求消息中的信令图;
图21是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出由DSR对包含优先级水平指示符的多个Diameter消息执行的基于优先级的路由的信令图;
图22是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出由DSR对包含优先级水平指示符的多个Diameter消息执行的基于优先级的路由的第二信令图。
具体实施方式
在本文描述的本发明主题包括在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质。具体而言,本文描述的本发明主题可以实现在Diameter节点处,Diameter节点可以包括Diameter连接层(DCL)、Diameter路由层(DRL)、一个或多个本地应用以及一个或多个路由表,诸如对等体路由表(PRT)和应用路由表(ART)。例如,Diameter节点可以包括Diameter信令路由器(DSR)、移动性管理实体(MME)、归属用户服务器(HSS)和/或认证、授权和记账(AAA)服务器、承载绑定及事件报告功能体(BBERF)、服务网关(SGW)、分组数据网网关(PDN GW)、计费数据功能体(CDF)、联机计费系统、脱机计费系统、策略计费执行功能体(PCEF)、策略计费和规则功能体(PCRF)、用户简档存储(SPR)、Diameter代理、网络节点、策略引擎、策略服务器、应用功能体(AF)、应用服务器、Diameter信令代理、长期演进(LTE)节点、因特网协议(IP)多媒体子系统(IMS)网络节点、服务器、相关节点、节点、数据库、信令网关、网关、监测节点、Diameter消息处理器、数据收集平台、多协议信令网关、多协议信令路由器或者计算平台。Diameter信令路由器(DSR)的例子包括不限于:Diameter路由代理、Diameter中继代理、Diameter重定向代理、Diameter翻译代理、Diameter proxy代理。在一个实施例中,DSR包括共享公共Diameter路由表的同在一处的DSR MP的集合。
如本文所使用地,术语“Diameter连接层(DCL)”是指DSR中的Diameter栈中的实现Diameter传输连接的软件层。如本文所使用地,术语“Diameter路由层(DRL)”是指Diameter栈中的实现Diameter路由的软件层。示例DRL能力可以包括:基于消息内容将请求消息路由给Diameter对等体节点或本地应用、基于消息内容规则丢弃或拒绝Diameter请求消息、对等体拥塞控制以及更容易的配置。为了支持应用处理和核心Diameter路由功能两者,DSR中的DRL可以支持如下消息路由表:应用路由表(ART)和对等体路由表(PRT),其每个将在稍后更详细地描述。
在一个实施例中,基于优先权的路由可以在只包括单个Diameter消息处理器的DSR处执行。此示例软件架构选择在图1中描绘,在图1中DSR网络元件(NE)200包括支持完全Diameter栈的Diameter消息处理器(MP)201,完全Diameter栈包括DCL、DRL和应用层(未示出)。DSR 200可以进一步配有基于优先级的路由规则(PRR)数据库230。Diameter MP 201可以配置为接收来自Diameter对等体节点(诸如Diameter对等体节点218)的Diameter消息以及将Diameter消息发送给其它Diameter对等体节点(诸如Diameter对等体节点220)。在接收到Diameter消息时,Diameter MP 201可以使用包含在Diameter消息中的优先级信息访问PRR数据库230,以便确定如何路由该消息以及将该消息路由到何处。也可以采用使用多个消息处理器的其它示例软件架构。
例如,第一多MP软件架构选择可以包括在每个消息处理器(MP)支持包括DCL、DRL和应用层的完全Diameter栈的情况下的实施例。第二多MP软件架构选择可以包括运行在专用MP上的DCL,路由层和应用层可以合并在专用MP上或者具有用于每个层的专用MP。第三多MP软件架构选择可以包括运行在专用MP上的Diameter栈(DCL、DRL),本地Diameter应用运行在分开的专用MP上。这些示例软件架构选择中的每个将在下面参照图2、3和4进行更详细地描述。
图2是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出包括用于在DSR处提供优先级路由的基于完全栈的MP的示例架构的框图。参照图2,DSR网络元件(NE)200可以包括用于接收来自Diameter对等体节点的Diameter消息的入口MP 202和用于将Diameter消息发送给Diameter对等体节点的出口MP 204。入口MP 202和出口MP 204中的每个可以包括DCL、DRL和一个或多个信令应用(位于应用层中)。例如,入口MP 202可以包括DCL206、DRL 208和信令应用210。同样,出口MP 204可以包括DCL 212、DRL 214和信令应用216。为了有助于入口MP 202和出口MP 204之间的通信,入口MP 202的DRL 208可以操作用以与出口MP 204的DRL 214通信。另外,DRL 208和214中的每个可以操作用以分别与DCL 206和212以及应用210和216通信。
在示例Diameter消息路由场景下,Diameter对等体节点N-1218可以将Diameter消息发送给DSR 200。Diameter消息可以由入口MP 202的DCL206接收。在一个实施例中,所接收的Diameter消息是Diameter请求消息。可以完全在入口MP 202上处理入口消息,包括由DRL 208对针对Diameter消息的目的地Diameter对等体节点的选择。继续上述例子,DRL 208可以接收由DCL 206传递的Diameter消息。
如果需要进行本地应用处理,则入口DRL 208可以在将Diameter消息转发给恰当的出口MP之前将Diameter消息转发给恰当的本地应用。例如,DRL 208可以将Diameter消息转发给本地应用210,本地应用210处理该消息并将该消息返回给DRL 208。应当意识到,可以不需要应用分发功能。
接下来,入口DRL 208可以将Diameter消息转发给出口DRL 214以便转发给与DCL 212相关联的本地队列。出口DCL 212然后可以将Diameter消息发送给Diameter对等体节点N+1220。图3是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出包括用于在DSR处提供优先级路由的专用DCL MP的示例架构的框图。与图2示出的基于完全栈的MP的实施例相比,图3示出的实施例包括用于DCL的专用MP以及用于DRL和本地应用的专用MP。参照图3,DSR 200可以包括用于接收来自对等体的Diameter消息的DCL-MP 300以及用于将Diameter消息发送给对等体的DCL-MP 308。同样,DSR 200可以包括用于接收来自Diameter对等节点的Diameter消息以及用于将Diameter消息发送给Diameter对等体节点的DRL-MP 302和DRL-MP306。与基于完全栈的MP的实施例(参见图2)相比,应用-MP 304可以与DRL-MP 302相关联且可以不必与DRL-MP 306相关联。DRL-MP 302和306中的每个可以操作用以相互进行通信。
在与上面参照图2描述的场景类似的示例Diameter消息路由场景中,入口Diameter消息可以由DCL-MP 300接收,DCL-MP 300可以基于包括但不限于如下各项的各种因素将Diameter消息(例如,Diameter请求消息)分发给DRL-MP:可用性、每秒事务(TPS)容量以及DRL-MP 302相比其它DRL-MP(没有全部示出)而言的拥塞状态。在一个实施例中,DRL-MP302可以确定是否需要进行信令应用处理。如果需要进行应用处理,那么入口DRL-MP 302可以(也基于其可用性、TPS容量以及拥塞状态)将请求消息转发给Appl-MP 304。
在一个实施例中,入口DRL-MP 302然后可以通过使用对等体路由表(未示出)来选择目的地对等体以及用于Diameter消息的路线,入口DRL-MP 302可以基于路线选择过程将该消息转发给出口DRL-MP 306。出口DRL-MP 306然后可以将Diameter消息转发给出口DCL-MP 308(以便递送给如由入口DRL-MP 302选择的Diameter对等体节点N+1220)。
图4是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出包括用于在DSR处提供本地应用路由的专用DCL/DRL MP和应用MP的示例软件架构的框图。图4表示图2中的基于完全栈的MP和图3的专用DCL/DRL/应用-MP的混合方法。参照图4,在示例Diameter消息路由的场景中,Diameter对等体节点N-1218可以将Diameter消息发送给DSR 200。Diameter消息可以由入口MP 202的DCL 206接收。可以在入口MP 202上完全处理入口Diameter消息,包括由DRL 208对针对Diameter消息的目的地Diameter对等体节点的选择。DCL 206然后可以将Diameter消息传递给DRL 208。
如果需要进行信令应用处理,则入口DRL 208可以将Diameter消息转发给本地信令应用。例如,DRL 208可以将Diameter消息转发给本地应用304,本地应用304可以处理该消息并将该消息返回给DRL 208。然后,入口DRL 208可以将Diameter消息转发给出口DRL 214以便转发给与DCL212相关联的本地队列。出口DCL 212然后可以将Diameter消息发送给Diameter对等体节点N+1220。
图5是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的示例高层消息路由流的框图。参照图5,Diameter对等体节点N-1208可以将Diameter请求消息发送给DSR 200。在一个实施例中,DSR 200可以选择地查询ART 500,以便确定是否需要由Diameter信令应用对Diameter消息进行处理。如果该消息的内容匹配于ART规则,则将该消息转发给所标识的应用以便进行处理。搜索过程可以迭代地继续进行,直到没有额外的规则匹配为止。例如,ART 500可以将该消息转发给应用210以便进行处理,并在该Diameter消息被返回给ART 500之后,该消息然后可以被转发给应用216以供进行处理。
在于DSR 200中完成应用处理后,ART 500可以将消息转发给对等体路由表(PRT)502。在一个实施例中,可以在完成ART 500搜索后搜索PRT502,以使得如果(在应用处理更新后)该消息的内容匹配于PRT 502中的规则,则可以将该消息路由给如由路线清单表504中与该规则相关联的路线清单定义的Diameter对等体节点。从而,可以在查询路线清单表504后将该消息发送给Diameter对等体N+1220。
通过使用如上所述的单DSR配置,可以省去入口MP和出口MP两者上的多余DRL路由。例如,入口MP可以配置为接收来自第一Diameter对等体节点的Diameter消息并负责进行ART和PRT搜索及路线选择过程。入口MP将从激活路线组中选择路线,并将从发送Diameter对等体节点接收的Diameter消息和所选择的路线转发给出口DSR MP,出口DSR MP控制Diameter对等体连接。显然,当DSR上的出口MP接收到来自入口MP的包含路线的Diameter请求消息时,出口MP将绕过上面描述的本地ART和PRT过程,并尝试将该消息递送给由入口MP选择的Diameter对等体节点。
在图6中描述了该方面,其是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出包括用于提供优先级路由的功能划分的示例可放缩DSR的框图。参照图6,入口MP 202和出口MP 204用以执行与路线清单处理700相关联的步骤。在一个实施例中,入口MP 202配置为进行对激活路线组的选择的步骤(步骤520)以及从路线组中对路线的选择的步骤(步骤610)。具体而言,ART 500、本地应用210、PRT 502以及路线清单处理700中的对路线组的选择的步骤520和从路线组中对路线的选择的步骤(步骤610)可以与入口MP 202相关联。同样,路线清单处理700中的Diameter消息递送步骤(步骤620)可以与出口MP 204相关联。如果出口MP 204不能对该消息进行路由(例如,Diameter对等体节点不可用),那么出口MP 204将发送响应给入口MP 202。作为响应,入口MP 202然后可以从激活路线组中选择下一可行路线。
在一个实施例中,可以优化使用可放缩DSR进行的MP间Diameter消息路由。为了最小化与对Diameter消息的MP间路由相关联的开销,应当避免Diameter消息在MP间链路上的开销。也就是说,将Diameter请求消息从入口MP转发给出口MP可以包括入口DRL为指向出口MP的请求消息创建新的逐跳标识符。具体而言,入口DRL可以将MP标识符插入到逐跳标识符中,逐跳标识符允许出口DRL将Diameter应答响应消息路由回给入口DRL。如果出口DRL碰巧发生错误(例如,第二Diameter对等体节点发生故障、传输队列为满等),那么出口DRL可以发送(具有原因代码的)错误响应给入口DRL。在一个实施例中,错误响应可以包括Diameter应答消息或内部消息。
在一个实施例中,可以在出口DRL验证了Diameter应答消息的逐跳标识符中嵌入的MP标识符时,转发出口-入口MP Diameter应答消息。如果MP标识符是有效的且MP是可用的,那么出口DRL将Diameter应答消息内部地路由给入口DRL以便进行Diameter反向路由处理。如果MP标识符是无效的或者MP是不可用的,那么出口DRL可以丢弃从第二Diameter对等体节点接收的Diameter应答消息。显然,可以对由入口DRL从出口DRL接收的任何Diameter应答消息进行处理,就好像已直接从第二Diameter对等体节点接收到Diameter消息。
图7是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出MP间路由的示例Diameter信令流图。Diameter对等体节点218可以描绘为将Diameter请求消息发送给DSR中的入口MP 202,Diameter请求消息包括等于100的逐跳标识符。入口MP 202然后可以使用Diameter请求消息,该Diameter请求消息的参数匹配于具有动作“路由给对等体”的PRT规则。入口MP 202然后可以从路线清单的激活路线组中选择第一路线(其由优先级标识符指示),创建包含入口MP的MP标识符在内的新的逐跳ID(例如,ID=200),以及将Diameter消息转发给出口MP的DCL层,该DCL层控制到Diameter对等体节点220的连接。当出口DSR MP 204接收到来自入口MP 202的包含路线的请求消息时,出口MP 204可以绕过DRL处理并尝试将Diameter请求消息未修改地排队到Diameter对等体节点220(即,由入口MP 202选择的对等体节点)。出口MP 204然后将Diameter请求消息发送给在Diameter请求消息中指示的Diameter对等体节点(例如,“对等体=X1”)。在接收到Diameter请求消息后,Diameter对等体节点220通过将带有等于200的逐跳标识符的Diameter应答消息发送给出口MP 204来进行响应。当出口MP 204接收到来自Diameter对等体节点220的Diameter应答消息时,出口MP 204将该消息路由给逐跳ID中标识的MP(即,入口MP 202)。在接收到Diameter消息时,入口MP 202将逐跳ID从“200”修改成“100”,并将该消息转发给Diameter对等体节点218以完成反向跟踪过程。显然,由Diameter对等体节点220发送给Diameter对等体节点218的Diameter应答消息通过出口消息处理器和入口消息处理器的相同“路径”进行传播,出口消息处理器和入口消息处理器被用以了将Diameter请求消息从Diameter对等体节点218发送给Diameter对等体节点220。在一个实施例中,入口消息处理器和出口消息处理器中的每个维护与Diameter会话或连接相关联的状态信息。在另一个实施例中,入口和出口消息处理器可以使用并修改Diameter消息中的逐跳标识符以确保整个Diameter请求-应答通信事务是由相同入口和出口消息处理器来处理的。例如,在DSR中,入口MP(MP1)可以在连接C10上接收具有等于250的逐跳ID的Diameter消息。入口MP然后可以选择连接C20上的出口MP(MP2),并生成等于01000231的新的逐跳ID。显然,MP1生成逐跳ID,以将入口MP编码成该逐跳ID。例如,逐跳ID为32比特:对入口MP的地址进行编码的8比特和为从0开始的递增计数器的24比特。接收到来自对等体diameter节点的应答消息的每个出口MP可以将应答消息转发给原始入口MP。这是因为对等体配置为通过使用原始逐跳ID来返回应答消息。出口MP可以访问所述8比特,其中原始入口MP的地址被编码。另外,出口MP可以将应答消息转发给入口MP。当出口MP转发应答消息时,出口MP对其自身(MP2)和出口MP在其上接收到应答消息的连接(C20)进行标识。此外,入口MP可以使用连接ID和24比特序列号作为关键字(KEY)以查找原始入口请求消息。例如,关键字=C20+000231,其中查找结果是连接C10和具有等于250的逐跳ID的消息。
在另一个实施例中,其中多个Diameter消息处理器可以关联于或服务于相同Diameter对等体连接,本发明主题允许接收到Diameter应答消息的入口MP选择与接收到相关联的Diameter请求消息的MP不同的出口MP。因此,在当于DSR处接收到相关联的应答消息之前用作针对Diameter请求消息的入口MP的MP发生故障(或者变为不可用)的情况下,可以通过入口MP将Diameter应答消息内部地路由给与发生故障的MP不同的出口MP。
图8是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出由出口MP因Diameter对等体节点的不可用性而拒绝的首次路由尝试的示例信令流图。Diameter对等体节点218被描绘为将包括等于100的逐跳标识符(其标识对等体218)的Diameter请求消息发送给DSR中的入口MP 202。入口MP202搜索ART和PRT(未示出)以便确定Diameter请求消息中的参数是否匹配于PRT规则“路由给对等体”,该PRT规则随后与路线清单名称配对。入口MP 202然后可以从路线清单的激活路线组中选择第一路线(例如,经由出口MP 204的等于X1的对等体),其在入口MP上的当前状态为“可用”。入口MP 202然后可以创建包含其MP标识符的新的逐跳标识符并随后将请求消息连同所选的路线(对等体=X1)转发给出口MP 204。在此特定场景中,Diameter对等体节点220被指示为在出口MP 204上“不可用”,并且出口MP 204拒绝Diameter请求消息。从而,针对所选的第一路线的路由发生故障。作为响应,入口MP 202可以将Diameter对等体节点220在出口MP 204上的状态更新为“可用”,并选择到另一对等体节点(即,Diameter对等体节点820)的路线。入口MP 202还可以创建包含其MP标识符的新的逐跳标识符,并将Diameter请求消息重新转发给出口MP 804,其控制新路线。出口MP 804然后将Diameter请求消息转发给Diameter对等体节点820。Diameter对等体节点820通过将指示成功(即,DIAMETER_SUCESS)的Diameter应答消息发回给出口MP 804来进行响应。当出口MP 804接收到来自Diameter对等体节点820的Diameter应答消息时,出口MP 804将Diameter应答消息路由给入口MP 202,其由逐跳标识符标识。入口MP 202然后可以转而将Diameter应答消息转发给Diameter对等体节点218。
图9是根据本文描述的本发明主题的实施例,示出当没有路线支持入口Diameter请求消息中的应用标识符时的场景的示例信令流图。Diameter对等体节点218被描绘为将指示需要由等于87的ID标识的Diameter应用的Diameter请求消息发送给入口MP 202。入口MP 202可以搜索ART和PRT(未示出)以便确定所接收的Diameter请求消息中的参数是否匹配于PRT规则“路由给对等体”,该PRT规则随后与路线清单名称配对。路线清单的激活路线组可以指示两个可用路线(例如,出口MP 204到对等体节点220以及出口MP 804到对等体节点820)。然而,在此场景下,Diameter对等体节点220或Diameter对等体节点820都不支持等于87的应用ID。因此,入口MP 202将指示无法递送Diameter请求消息的Diameter应答消息发送给Diameter对等体节点218。
在一个实施例中,可放缩DSR可以用以将Diameter消息路由给Diameter对等体节点。在于DSR上完成了本地应用路由(或者当DSR没有本地配置的服务/应用时还没有激发本地应用路由)后,DSR上的入口DRL可以通过使用包括在Diameter消息中的参数来搜索PRT。在一个实施例中,PRT可以包括多个与规则条目匹配的消息内容,每个条目可以具有由网络运营商分配的下列动作中的一个。例如。所分配的动作可以是“路由给对等体”或“发送应答响应”。如果动作是“路由给对等体”,那么规则可以关联于“路线清单”,入口DRL可以使用该“路线清单”将Diameter消息路由到最终的消息目的地(即,Diameter对等体节点)。在一个实施例中,路线清单由一个或多个路线组成,每个路线与特定Diameter对等体节点相关联。示例路线清单1000被描绘在图10中。图10描绘了包括多个路线清单(例如,路线清单-1、路线清单-2、路线清单-3)的示例路线表1000。图11示出了包括多个路线组的示例路线清单的概念视图。具体而言,图11描绘了(如图10所示的)路线清单表1000中的路线清单-1的概念视图。DSR1100可以经由三个加权后的路线与路线组1102中的三个Diameter对等体节点通信。显然,DSR 110可以经由如图11所示的加权后的路线将Diameter消息发送给路线组1104和1106。
如上所示,“路线”实际可以代表具体Diameter对等体节点。由于一个以上的路线可以被分配给“路线清单”,所以可以给每个路线分配优先权和权重以对路线选择过程提供协助。路线清单中具有相同优先级的一组路线可以称为“路线组”。在一个实施例中,路线清单中的路线组可以用于路由由PRT规则选择的消息。当前正用于基于路线组可用性和容量规则进行路由的路线组可以称为“激活路线组”。
从DSR到Diameter对等体节点的Diameter消息的路由是根据某些规则或目标来进行的。在一个实施例中,DSR可以支持到Diameter对等体节点的路由,其与由于如下能力而需要的DNS负载-均分路由(load-sharerouting)相一致:1)用以使用成本/优先级来定义到Diameter对等体节点的多个路线组的能力和/或2)用以使用路线权重来在相同优先级(路线组)内的多个路线上对消息进行负载均分的能力。然而,如果Diameter对等体节点不支持由消息中的应用ID指示的Diameter应用或者如果Diameter对等体节点已经处理了消息(即,消息回路检测),那么DSR可以不选择路线组内的路线。另外,如果Diameter对等体节点的传输层队列为满,那么DSR可以不选择路线。在一个实施例中,DSR可以基于Diameter对等体节点的拥塞水平降低DSR路由给对等体节点的消息的百分比。在另一个实施例中,DSR可以不再尝试选择用于路由相同Diameter消息的路线。在另一个实施例中,DSR不应当超过Diameter对等体节点的规定容量。
在一个实施例中,DSR可以通过使用路线清单中可用的最高优先级路线组来尝试将消息路由给Diameter对等体节点。当满足下面准则中的所有准则时路线组为“可用”。第一,该组中的至少一个路线为“可用”并且该组中的可用路线满足分配给路线清单的最小容量需求。请注意,“容量”可以根据路线权重来定义。例如,如果分配给路线清单的最小容量为“5”,并且路线组-1包括路线-A(权重=4)和路线-B(权重=6),那么仅当路线-B可用时路线组-1才可用。另外,DSR可以配置为当对等体路由过程选择不具有任何可用路线组的路线清单时发送指示“DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER(DIAMETER_无法递送)”的Diameter应答消息。
如上所提到地,PRT可以包括多个内容,诸如规则名称、规则优先级和多个消息选择参数。如本文所使用地,规则名称是运营商提供的针对标识的名称。类似地,规则优先级指在表查询找到多个匹配的情况下对具有最高优先级的表条目的选择。如本文所使用地且如上所指示地,规则消息选择参数包括Diameter消息参数,用户可以将Diameter消息参数指定为用于消息匹配的准则。PRT中的示例规则消息选择参数(其可以匹配于Diameter消息中的参数)包括;1)与Diameter域路由表类似的且具有八比特字符串核心数据类型的目的地-域、2)与Diameter域路由表类似的且可以由32-比特值表示的应用ID、3)与Diameter对等体表中的“主机身份”不同的且具有八比特字符串核心数据类型的目的地-主机、4)对消息所源自的域进行标识的且具有八比特字符串核心数据类型的源-域、5)对消息所源自的主机进行标识的源-主机、6)对为其正激发此服务的用户进行标识且具有八比特字符串核心数据类型的用户-名称、7)包括24个比特且对请求消息类型进行标识的命令-代码。任何值可以被支持以便稍后添加特定于应用的命令-代码。
PRT的另外内容可包括:“动作”,其可以被定义为用以当激发了规则时执行的动作。示例动作包括“路由给对等体”(当Diameter消息可以被路由给由规则的“路线清单”字段定义的Diameter对等体节点)和“发送应答响应”(其是可以当Diameter对等体节点不可用时通过使用规则的结果-代码字段来发送的Diameter应答响应)。
在一个实施例中,PRT还可以包括与给定动作参数相关联的“路线清单名称”和“结果-代码”参数。路线清单名称指示当“动作”被设置为“路由给对等体”时要使用的路线清单。同样,结果-代码包括当“动作”被设置为“发送应答响应”时要使用的结果-代码AVP值。结果-代码的缺省值可以是3002“DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER”。例如,如果入口DRL搜索PRT且无法找到匹配,那么路由发生故障。DRL然后可以发送DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER应答响应消息给原始的发送Diameter对等体节点。
图12描绘了示例PRT 1202和相关的路线清单表1204。显然,PRT 1202包括针对一个或多个路线清单名称的列,其指示路线清单表1204中需要被访问以便选择恰当路线的具体部分。路线清单表1204中的条目可以被分配等于1的优先级或等于2的优先级。显然,对于每个路线组,指示优先级=1的条目组成激活路线组,而指示优先级=2的条目组成待机路线组。
在一个实施例中,PRT利用一个或多个缺省条目。通过用以通配PRT条目和向规则分配优先级的能力,网络运营商可以规定用于定址到具体目的地-域的Diameter请求消息(与应用ID无关)、具体应用ID(与目的地-域无关)或所有请求消息的路由。这种灵活性使能网络运营商配置一个或多个具体路由规则并然后利用一个或多个缺省条目进行其它处理。例如,图13描绘了包括四个路由规则的示例PRT 1300。在此例子中,本地域是标记为“myrealm.com”的域。PRT 1300中的规则-3是针对除了应用55和57之外的本地域应用的缺省规则。类似地,PRT 1300指示规则-4针对所有其它域是缺省的。
图14描绘了包括多个路由规则的另一示例PRT。在此图中,本地域是“local.com”。参照PRT 1400的第一列,规则1-3是针对已知非本地域的路由规则,规则4-5执行针对本地应用10的路由,规则6-7执行针对本地应用24的路由,规则8是针对本地域的缺省规则(例如,针对除了10或24之外的应用ID),规则9针对所以其它非本地域是缺省的。
图15描绘了包括多个规则的另一示例PRT。在此图中,本地域是“local.com”。参照PRT 1500的第一列,规则1-4是针对本地域Diameter客户端和/或服务器对等体创建的缺省规则,本地域Diameter客户端和/或服务器对等体指示支持CER/CEA握手中的单个应用ID。这可以用于目的地-主机路由。类似地,PRT 1500中的规则5-6是针对本地域Diameter Proxy代理对等体的,本地域Diameter Proxy代理对等体指示支持CER/CEA握手中的两个不同的应用ID。最后,规则7-8是针对本地域Diameter中继代理对等体的路由规则,本地域Diameter中继代理对等体指示支持CER/CEA握手中的所有应用ID(0xffffffff)。
在一个实施例中,PRT和相关联的路线清单可以用以将Diameter请求消息路由给Diameter对等体节点。例如,PRT中的条目可以使用包括优先级指示符的优先级路由方案以及包括权重的负载均分路由方案,以助于对Diameter消息的路由。优先级路由包括定义到目的地的一个以上的路线并向每个路线分配相关优先级。通过优先级路由,路边组中具有最高优先级的可用路线(如优先级指示符所指示的)可以被选择用于路由。同样,负载均分路由允许将Diameter消息分发到一组优先级相同的路线(即,路线组)。路线组内对Diameter消息的分发是通过向路线组内的每个路线分配相关权重来控制的。发送给路线组中的特定路线的消息的百分比可以通过使用如下算式从路线组中的一组可用路线(即,不可用路线被排除在外)中确定:
百分比=100*(路线-X的权重)/(路线组中的可用路线的权重的和)
在一个实施例中,路线清单可以由PRT中的多个路线组组成,其中,每个路线组在其路线清单中具有唯一优先级。可以支持两种类型的路线清单冗余方案。第一冗余方案可以包括路线清单内有资格用于对消息进行路由的所有路线组。在该实施例中,路线选择可以开始于最高优先级路线组,当没有较高优先级的路线可以被选择时向低优先级组分配超出的部分。第二冗余方案可以包括激活/待机路线组。例如,用于对消息进行路由的一个路线组可以被指定为“激活路线组”,而在激活路线组发生故障的情况下所有其它路线组作为激活路线组的备用。这些备选的组称为“待机路线组”。在一个实施例中,最高优先级路线组总是激活路线组,如果路线组中的至少一个路线可用的话。激活/待机冗余方案通常是由DRL支持的缺省路线清单冗余选择。
图16描绘了PRT中的包括路线清单容量的示例路线清单容量表1600。路线清单容量可以根据与分配给路线清单内的路线的权重类似的权重来定义。在一个实施例中,路线组的容量是其可用路线的权重的和,如路线清单容量表1600所示地。DRL可以维护路线清单容量表1600中的每个路线组的状态,其可以用以确定路线清单中的哪个路线组应当是用于路由针对该路线清单的所有消息的激活路线组。
类似地,本发明主题可以应对路线组的可用性状态。在一个实施例中,路线组的可用性状态可以根据其容量来表示。状态可以包括1)可用、2)降级、或者3)不可用。如本文针对路线组的可用性状态使用地,“可用”旨在表示路线组的容量满足或超过分配给路线清单的最小值,“降级”旨在表示路线组的容量大于零但小于分配给路线清单的最小值,“不可用”旨在表示路线组的容量是零。
在一个实施例中,当路线组满足如下准则中的一个时将该路线组指定为针对路线清单的“激活路线组”:1)该路线组是具有“可用”状态的路线组当中的最高优先级路线组,或者2)该路线组是当没有具有“可用”状态的路线组时的最高容量路线组。如果一个以上的路线组具有相同的容量,那么将最高优先级路线组指定为激活路线组。
在一个实施例中,DRL评估并且可以当如下情况中的任意情况发生时改变路线组状态和针对路线清单的所指定的“激活路线组”:1)对等体(路线)状态变化(即,这潜在影响多个路线清单),2)由运营商向路线清单添加路线(即,这当对等体的状态为可用时增加路线组的容量),3)由网络运营商从路线清单中删除路线(即,这当对等体的状态为可用时减少路线组的当前容量),4)由网络运营商修改路线的优先级,或5)由运营商修改路线的权重(即,这当Diameter对等体节点的状态为可用时改变相关联的路线组的当前容量)。在一个实施例中,可用性状态可以针对每个路线清单来被维护,以快速助于当PRT规则选择路线清单时进行路由决策。路线清单可用性状态可以与其激活路线组的状态相同。这在图17中有描绘,图17示出了包括路线组1、2和3的示例路线清单1700。
本发明主题可以包括对等体表,该对等体表包含Diameter对等体节点的清单,DSR具有到Diameter对等体节点的用于经由TCP、SCTP或UDP传输对Diameter消息进行路由的连接。显然,DSR MP需要知道的关于对等体节点的所有信息都存储在对等体记录中。在做出将消息路由给对等体节点的决定时需要的所有特定于对等体的信息都可以存储在该表中。特定于对等体的信息可以包括对等体节点的可用性状态(即,是否至少一个激活传输连接可用)、对等体节点的拥塞状态、以及Diameter对等体节点支持的应用ID的清单(在能力交换期间获取的)。在能力交换期间获取的关于Diameter对等体节点的任意信息都可以存储在对等体节点的记录中,使得该信息可以被网络运营商所观测。
在一个实施例中,本发明主题可以允许由入口DRL进行的路线选择。当针对与“路由给对等体”的PRT规则动作匹配的Diameter消息激发了路由时,DRL可以使用分配给该规则的路线清单用于将该消息路由给Diameter对等体节点。在一个实施例中,DRL使用路线清单的当前指定的激活路线组以对Diameter消息进行路由。显然,这种“激活路线组”指定可以根据基于对等体状态变化和路线清单管理情况而进行的消息路由来异步地确定。如果激活路线组具有多于一个的路线,那么DRL根据路线组创建可用路线的清单,以供将来用于关于对该消息进行路由的所有后续决策。在一个实施例中,此清单存储在针对此Diameter消息的“未完成事务记录”中,以供在转发了消息后需要进行消息重路由时使用。另外,Diameter消息重路由可以发生在转发了Diameter消息后,如果Diameter对等体节点故障发生或如果接收到否定的Diameter应答响应消息的话。
一旦针对Diameter消息的可用路线的清单被创建,DRL就可以基于分配给每个路线的相关权重从清单中选择路线。如上所指示地,可以使用权重以在路线组中的路线间划分业务。分配给路线的权重不用作用于在路线组内进行路线选择的路线之优先级,而是所分配的权重用以计算可以从清单中选择该路线的概率。例如,如果路线组包括分别具有权重40、30、20和10的四个路线,那么路线-1将被首先选择用于对任意消息进行路由的概率是40%(即,40/(40+30+20+10))。在一个实施例中,DRL通过使用统计算法从清单中选择路线,该统计算法利用路线权重。例如,算法可以在40%的时间里选择路线-1。
一旦DRL从清单选择了路线,DRL就基于某些准则确定是否能够使用该路线。在一个实施例中,准则包括:1)Diameter消息的应用ID由对等体支持,2)Diameter对等体节点先前还没有处理该消息(例如,对等体节点的身份与该消息的路线-记录AVP不匹配),3)对等体节点的传输层队列不满,4)对等体节点被拥塞但Diameter消息满足用于将该消息转发给对等体的准则(如下面针对对等体拥塞所描述地),5)对等体节点的状态不可用,6)对等体不再与路线组或路线清单相关联。
如果Diameter对等体节点匹配于路线选择准则,那么将激发标准请求消息处理(如上所提及地)并将在Diameter对等体节点的传输层队列上对消息进行排队。如果Diameter对等体节点与路线选择准则不匹配,那么DRL可以从清单中移除该路线(即,不再将路线考虑用于对相同的消息进行路由)并且DRL可以基于清单中其余的路线再激发统计路线选择算法。在前面的例子中,如果路线-1首先被选择但没有满足如上所定义的用于使用该路线的额外准则,那么新的清单将限于分别具有权重30、20和10的路线2、3和4。从而,通过较少路线的清单,选择路线-2的概率将是50%(即,30/(30+20+10)=50%)。显然,该路线选择过程继续进行直到发现可行路线或者排查完该清单为止。具体而言,如果激活路线组中没有对等体节点满足路线选择准则,那么DRL可以放弃路由并将DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER应答响应消息发送给原始发送Diameter请求消息的Diameter对等体节点。图18示出了使用具有分配的权重的同优先级路线的清单进行的示例路线选择过程。在此图中,激活路线组具有分别具有权重40、30、20和10的四个可用路线。具体而言,统计路线选择算法是由DRL通过使用初始清单1800中的信息来执行的。由于应用ID适配,DRL确定路线3不可用。因此,DRL通过使用更新清单1802(其没有包括路线3)中的信息来执行统计路线选择算法。DRL然后确定路线1由于拥塞而不可用。DRL然后通过使用更新清单1804(其没有包括路线1)中的信息来执行统计路线选择算法,这导致选择路线4。DRL然后通过使用路线4对Diameter消息进行转发并生成未完成事务记录1806。记录1806可以供后续当Diameter消息由于对等体节点故障或其它原因而必须被重路由时使用。
在一个实施例中,本发明主题可以利用对等体应用标识符进行路线选择。如上所提及地,不应当将Diameter消息路由给不支持在Diameter消息中指示的应用标识符的Diameter对等体节点。Diameter基础协议指示每当第一传输连接被建立在Diameter对等体节点之间时,在允许传输连接之前执行能力交换。也就是说,对等体节点将发送其在CER或CEA消息中支持的应用ID的清单。当DSR接收到来自对等体节点的应用ID的清单时,这些标识符被存储在对等体表中以便在进行消息路由时被访问。当DSR消息路由从与对等体节点相关联的路线清单中选择路线时,对对等体节点支持的应用ID清单进行询查以验证消息中的应用ID匹配于由对等体节点支持的应用ID中的一个。如果应用ID不匹配,那么DSR绕过此路线并继续路线选择过程。
在一个实施例中,本发明主题可以考虑对等体拥塞以进行路线选择。Diameter对等体节点可以通过发送具有被设置为DIAMETER_TOO_BUSY的结果-代码AVP的应答响应来报告拥塞。拥塞节点由应答响应中的源-主机来标识(即,该响应可能尚未由对等体节点发送)。DRL仅应当关注对等体拥塞,而不是上游节点拥塞。换言之,Diameter协议仅知道对等体状态,使得上游节点的状态不被跟踪或管理。在一个实施例中,DRL可以经由在源主机AVP中包含对等体节点的身份的DIAMETER_TOO_BUSY应答响应并经由到对等体的传输层接口(例如,外发队列深度等)来检测拥塞。
对等体拥塞检测和控制解决方案可以实现在DSR中,其包括基于内部队列长度(例如,SCTP关联出口队列)进行的监测。当前,简单的拥塞控制过程可以包括当队列为满时丢弃Diameter消息。从而,DSR可以当Diameter对等体节点的SCTP出口队列为满时在路线选择期间绕过此路线。在一个实施例中,来自对等体节点的DIAMETER_TOO_BUSY应答响应可以用以确定对等体节点的拥塞水平。例如,在接收到初始DIAMETER_TOO_BUSY消息时,对等体拥塞水平可以设为“1”。DSR可以维护由DIAMETER_TOO_BUSY响应拒绝的请求消息的百分比的滚动窗口,并相应调整对等体节点的拥塞水平。值得注意,从对等体节点接收的DIAMETER_TOO_BUSY应答响应可能源自上游节点。DRL核实忙响应是由对等体节点(即,被设为对等体节点的FQDN的源-主机AVP)发起,以便确定是否对等体节点发生拥塞。
在一个实施例中,DSR可以配置为接收来自发送Diameter对等体节点的Diameter消息,该Diameter消息包括优先级指示符参数。此情况下的DSR配置为检查Diameter消息中的优先级指示符,并根据基于存储在基于Diameter优先级的路由规则数据库中的规则的优先级对消息进行路由。显然,可以存在如下情况(例如,部分网络中断、紧急场景等):在该情况下,采用DIAMETER信令的通信网络(例如,IMS、LTE等)的运营商可能想要对通信网络内的各种通信进行优先级划分并对这些通信进行相应控制。例如,在紧急场景中,网络运营商可能想要确保网络资源被优选地分配给与第一急救者、治安人员等相关联的通信。
图19中示出了这种实施例,其描绘了Diameter信令图。具体而言,图19描绘了Diameter对等体节点218,Diameter对等体节点218发送具有指示低优先级(例如,PRI=低)的所分配的优先级水平的Diameter请求消息。该消息由DSR 200接收,DSR 200然后检查所接收的Diameter消息以获得优先级水平指示符。在一个实施例中,DSR 200可以配置为在接收到来自Diameter对等体节点的Diameter消息时对经加密的优先级水平指示符参数进行解密。在检出低优先级水平指示符时,DSR 200访问基于优先级的路由规则数据库230以确定要执行的恰当路由动作。在此场景下,DSR200可以交互参照数据库230中具有低优先级指示符的条目以确定“不进行路由”动作。DSR 200还可以选择地配置为将Diameter响应“错误”消息发回给Diameter请求节点218,以指示原始Diameter请求消息的优先级水平为低且将不被路由。如果原始Diameter请求消息中的优先级指示符足够高,那么数据库230可能已指示该消息被路由给Diameter对等体节点220。
在另一个实施例中,DSR 200可以在所接收的Diameter消息中插入信息(例如,新的参数),该信息向所接收的Diameter消息分配优先级水平(或向与Diameter消息相关联的通信分配优先级水平)。在一个实施例中,DSR可以在由DSR生成或中继的Diameter消息中包括优先级划分指示符参数。在一个实施例中,DSR 200还可以对优先级指示符参数进行加密。该优先级指示符参数可以由其它Diameter节点核查并可以用以确定是否且如何应当允许相关联的通信继续进行。
图20示出了这种实施例,其描绘了Diameter信令图。具体而言,图20描绘了发送不具有所分配的优先级水平的Diameter请求消息的Diameter对等体节点218。该消息由DSR 200接收,然后DSR 200将优先级水平指示符分配给Diameter请求消息(例如,PRI=低)。在分配了优先级水平指示符时,DSR 200可以将修改的Diameter请求消息转发给Diameter对等体节点220,Diameter对等体节点220可以配置为确定是否且如何应当允许Diameter请求消息继续进行。
在另一个实施例中,网络运营商可能想要对通信进行优先级划分,以便向用户提供不同水平的服务指令(QoS)。不同水平的QoS可以取决于例如由用户购买的服务计划的类型。这种实施例示出在图21中,其描绘了Diameter信令图。具体而言,图21描绘了Diameter对等体节点218,Diameter对等体节点218发送具有指示低优先级(例如,PRI=低)的所分配的优先级水平的第一Diameter请求消息和指示高优先级(例如,PRI=高)的所分配的优先级水平的第二Diameter请求消息。这些消息由DSR 200接收,DSR200然后检查每个所接收的Diameter消息以获得优先级水平指示符。在检出第一Diameter消息中的低优先级水平指示符和第二Diameter消息中的高优先级水平指示符时,DSR 200访问基于优先级的路由规则数据库230以确定针对每个Diameter消息要执行的恰当路由动作。在此场景下,DSR 200可以交互参照数据库230中具有低优先级指示符的条目以确定第一消息应当被路由给低QoS Diameter资源节点234。同样,DSR 200可以交互参照数据库230中具有高优先级指示符的条目以确定第二消息应当被路由给高QoS Diameter资源节点232。
在另一个实施例中,DSR 200可以配置为基于优先级划分指示符参数的值对将Diameter消息路由给目的地Diameter节点进行延迟。例如,在接收到具有不同优先级划分指示符参数的多个Diameter消息时,Diameter中继节点可以根据优先级水平对这些消息进行路由,从而有效延迟了具有低优先级指示符参数的Diameter消息且从而优选地给具有高优先级指示符值的Diameter消息分配路由资源、处理资源和/或带宽资源。例如,图22示出了Diameter对等体节点218,Diameter对等体节点218发送具有指示低优先级(例如,PRI=低)的所分配的优先级水平的第一Diameter请求消息和指示高优先级(例如,PRI=高)的所分配的优先级水平的第二Diameter请求消息。这些消息由DSR 200接收,DSR 200然后检查每个所接收的Diameter消息以获得优先级水平指示符。在检出第一Diameter消息中的低优先级水平指示符和第二Diameter消息中的高优先级水平指示符时,DSR200访问基于优先级的路由规则数据库230以确定针对每个Diameter消息要执行的恰当路由动作。
DSR 200可以利用数据库230确定仅将具有高优先级水平指示符的第二Diameter请求消息转发给Diameter资源节点236,以及确定将具有低优先级水平指示符的第一Diameter请求消息延迟一段时间或者延迟到满足某一条件之后。而是,数据库230可以指示DSR 200不将Diameter响应“错误”消息发回给Diameter对等体节点218以指示第一Diameter请求消息的优先级水平太低且将在预定延时时段后被路由。作为另一种选择,取代将两个Diameter请求消息都路由给具有恰当QoS水平的Diameter资源,DSR200可以利用数据库230以确定仅将具有高优先级水平指示符的第二Diameter请求消息转发给Diameter资源节点236,以及确定将不对具有低优先级水平指示符的第一Diameter请求消息进行路由。而是,数据库230可以指示DSR 200不将Diameter响应“错误”消息发回给Diameter对等体节点218以指示第一Diameter请求消息的优先级水平太低且将不被路由。
应当明白,可以在不背离本文描述的本发明主题的保护范围的基础上改变本文描述的本发明主题的各个细节。此外,前面的描述仅仅是要说明而不是要限制由所给出的权利要求书所定义的本文描述的本发明主题。
Claims (34)
1.一种用于通过使用Diameter信令路由器(DSR)基于优先级信息对Diameter消息进行路由的方法,该方法包括:
在与DSR相关联的Diameter消息处理器处接收来自第一Diameter节点的Diameter消息;
在所述Diameter消息处理器处将优先级水平指示符分配给所述Diameter消息;以及
将具有所述优先级水平指示符的所述Diameter消息路由给第二Diameter节点。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,包括:至少部分地基于给所述第二Diameter节点分配的优先级值,选择要通过其发送所述Diameter消息的路线。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,对所述Diameter消息进行路由包括:至少部分地基于所分配的优先级指示符,选择所述第二Diameter节点作为针对所述Diameter节点的目的地。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其中,选择所述第二Diameter节点包括:选择与由所述Diameter消息中的所分配的优先级水平指示符指示的特定QoS水平相关联的所述第二Diameter节点。
5.如权利要求2所述的方法,其中,对所述Diameter消息进行路由包括:如果所分配的优先级值超过优先级路由规则数据库中包含的优先级阈值则将所述Diameter路由到第二Diameter路线,如果所分配的优先级值没有超过优先级路由规则数据库中包含的优先级阈值则丢弃所述Diameter消息。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其中,作为对丢弃所述Diameter消息的响应,向所述第一Diameter节点发送Diameter响应消息,所述Diameter响应消息指示发生了与所述Diameter消息相关联的错误。
7.如权利要求2所述的方法,其中,选择路线包括:至少部分地基于所述第二Diameter节点的拥塞状态选择路线。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述第二Diameter节点是相对于所述DSR的对等体节点。
9.一种用于通过使用Diameter信令路由器(DSR)基于优先级信息对Diameter消息进行路由的方法,该方法包括:
在与DSR相关联的Diameter消息处理器处接收来自第一Diameter节点的包括优先级水平指示符的Diameter消息;以及
在所述Diameter消息处理器处至少部分地基于在所述Diameter消息中包含的所述优先级水平指示符将路由动作应用到所述Diameter消息。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法,其中,应用路由动作包括:访问基于优先级的路由规则数据库。
11.如权利要求9所述的方法,其中,应用路由动作包括:丢弃所述Diameter消息。
12.如权利要求9所述的方法,其中,应用路由动作包括:将所述Diameter消息路由给与所述优先级水平指示符相关联的QoS Diameter资源节点。
13.如权利要求9所述的方法,其中,应用路由动作包括:选择要通过其将所述Diameter消息转发给所述第二Diameter节点的路线。
14.如权利要求9所述的方法,其中,应用路由动作包括:对将所述Diameter消息路由给所述第二Diameter节点进行延迟。
15.如权利要求9所述的方法,其中,所述优先级指示符是经加密的。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法,其中,接收所述Diameter消息包括:在所述DSR处对所述优先级水平指示符进行解密。
17.一种用于对Diameter信令消息进行路由的系统,该系统包括:
Diameter信令路由器(DSR),其包括:
存储器,其用于存储包括Diameter消息优先级水平信息的Diameter对等体路由信息;以及
Diameter消息处理器,其配置为:接收来自第一Diameter节点的Diameter消息,将优先级水平指示符分配给所述Diameter消息,以及根据所述Diameter消息优先级水平信息将具有所述优先级水平指示符的所述Diameter消息路由给第二Diameter节点。
18.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中,所述Diameter消息处理器配置为:至少部分地基于给所述第二Diameter节点分配的优先级值,选择要通过其发送所述Diameter消息的路线。
19.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中,所述Diameter消息处理器配置为:至少部分地基于所分配的优先级指示符,选择所述第二Diameter节点作为针对所述Diameter节点的目的地。
20.如权利要求19所述的系统,其中,所述Diameter消息处理器配置为:选择与由所述Diameter消息中的所分配的优先级水平指示符指示的特定QoS水平相关联的所述第二Diameter节点。
21.如权利要求18所述的系统,其中,所述Diameter消息处理器配置为:如果所分配的优先级值超过优先级路由规则数据库中包含的优先级阈值则将所述Diameter路由到第二Diameter路线,如果所分配的优先级值没有超过优先级路由规则数据库中包含的优先级阈值则丢弃所述Diameter消息。
22.如权利要求21所述的系统,其中,作为对丢弃所述Diameter消息的响应,所述Diameter消息处理器配置为向所述第一Diameter节点发送Diameter响应消息,所述Diameter响应消息指示发生了与所述Diameter消息相关联的错误。
23.如权利要求18所述的系统,其中,所述Diameter消息处理器配置为:至少部分地基于所述第二Diameter节点的拥塞状态选择路线。
24.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中,所述第二Diameter节点是相对于所述DSR的对等体节点。
25.一种用于对Diameter信令消息进行路由的系统,该系统包括:
Diameter信令路由器(DSR),其包括:
存储器,其用于存储包括Diameter消息优先级水平信息的Diameter对等体路由信息;
Diameter消息处理器,其配置为:接收来自第一Diameter节点的包括优先级水平指示符的Diameter消息,以及至少部分地基于在所述Diameter消息中包含的所述优先级水平指示符将路由动作应用到所述Diameter消息。
26.如权利要求25所述的系统,其中,所述Diameter消息处理器配置为:应用路由动作包括访问基于优先级的路由规则数据库。
27.如权利要求25所述的系统,其中,所述Diameter消息处理器配置为:丢弃所述Diameter消息。
28.如权利要求25所述的系统,其中,所述Diameter消息处理器配置为:将所述Diameter消息路由给与所述优先级水平指示符相关联的QoSDiameter资源节点。
29.如权利要求25所述的系统,其中,所述Diameter消息处理器配置为:选择要通过其将所述Diameter消息转发给所述第二Diameter节点的路线。
30.如权利要求25所述的系统,其中,所述Diameter消息处理器配置为:对将所述Diameter消息路由给所述第二Diameter节点进行延迟。
31.如权利要求25所述的系统,其中,所述优先级指示符是经加密的。
32.如权利要求30所述的系统,其中,所述Diameter消息处理器配置为:在所述DSR处对所述优先级水平指示符进行解密。
33.一种包括嵌入在计算机可读介质中的计算机可执行指令的非临时性计算机可读介质,所述计算机可执行指令当由计算机的处理器执行时执行包括以下各项的步骤:
在与DSR相关联的Diameter消息处理器处接收来自第一Diameter节点的Diameter消息;
在所述Diameter消息处理器处将优先级水平指示符分配给所述Diameter消息;以及
将具有所述优先级水平指示符的所述Diameter消息路由给第二Diameter节点。
34.一种包括嵌入在计算机可读介质中的计算机可执行指令的非临时性计算机可读介质,所述计算机可执行指令当由计算机的处理器执行时执行包括以下各项的步骤:
在与DSR相关联的Diameter消息处理器处接收来自第一Diameter节点的包括优先级水平指示符的Diameter消息;以及
在所述Diameter消息处理器处至少部分地基于在所述Diameter消息中包含的所述优先级水平指示符将路由动作应用到所述Diameter消息。
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CN201180018670.0A Active CN102859944B (zh) | 2010-02-12 | 2011-02-11 | 用于在diameter节点处提供本地应用路由的方法和设备 |
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