CN102867969B - Hydroenergy battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of batteries. A hydroenergy battery comprises a shell, and a multi-stage electrode group, a multi-stage electrolytic cell and sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte in the shell, wherein each stage of electrode group comprises a magnesium rod cathode and a copper rod anode, and the magnesium rod cathode, the copper rod anode and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte form a battery combination; the multi-stage electrolytic cells are mutually communicated through the ion channels and the liquid circulation holes, and the blocking effect of the ion channels and the liquid circulation holes on ions is utilized to ensure that the multi-stage electrolytic cells are electrically equivalent to mutual isolation, and the voltage is gradually increased by the multi-stage electrode groups. The hydroenergy battery has the advantages that the combination of the environment-friendly electrode and the electrolyte is adopted, no heavy metal and sulfuric acid are contained, all levels of electrolytic cells are communicated in the fluidics, the electric connection is equivalent to mutual isolation and the voltage is increased step by step, and the hydroenergy battery has the characteristics of good environment friendliness, strong electric power, high efficiency, long service life, recyclability and the like.

Description

Hydroenergy battery

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a hydroenergy battery.

Background

Batteries are widely used in various fields of national economy and social development, such as industry, agriculture, national defense, science and technology, and in daily life and work. Conventional batteries include acid dry batteries, alkaline batteries, lead storage batteries, lithium batteries, silver-zinc batteries, cadmium-nickel batteries, and the like.

Acid dry batteries: most of the batteries are acidic zinc-manganese batteries, in which the positive electrode is a carbon rod (graphite rod) and manganese dioxide (MnO 2), the negative electrode is a zinc sheet or a zinc can (Zn), and the electrolyte is ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl), zinc chloride (ZnCl 2), starch paste, and the like.

Alkaline battery: the battery is a high-capacity dry battery, mnO2 is used as a positive electrode, zn is used as a negative electrode, and potassium hydroxide (KOH) is used as an electrolyte.

Lead storage battery: the anode material is coated with brown lead oxide (PbO), the cathode material is spongy metal lead (Pb), and the two electrodes are immersed in sulfuric acid (H2 SO 4) solution.

A silver-zinc battery: the positive electrode shell is filled with silver oxide (Ag 2O) and graphite, the negative electrode cover is filled with zinc-mercury alloy (Zn-Hg), and the electrolyte is KOH solution.

A cadmium-nickel cell: the cathode material is coated with nickel oxide (NiO 2), and the anode material is cadmium (Cd) and electrolyte KOH.

Lithium battery: the negative electrode material is coated with MnO2, the positive electrode material is metallic lithium (Li), and the electrolyte is a non-aqueous electrolyte, such as alkyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and the like.

For ease of comparison, the electrode and electrolyte materials of several conventional batteries are listed in table 1, where table 1 is a conventional battery type and its electrode and electrolyte materials.

TABLE 1

The above-described types of conventional batteries have been widely used and have been successful in many ways. However, most of these batteries contain heavy metals (such as lead, cadmium, mercury, etc.), strong acids (such as H2SO 4), and strong bases (such as KOH, etc.), SO that these conventional batteries have significant disadvantages in terms of environmental protection.

In order to research and develop more environmentally friendly battery technologies, researchers at home and abroad have conducted beneficial research, and in addition to solar cells and the like, battery technologies such as seawater batteries, hydroenergy batteries and the like have been invented in recent years. Several representative seawater and hydro-energy batteries are described below.

Sea water battery navigation marker light: in 1991, china initiated a novel battery using aluminum, air and seawater as energy sources, and the battery uses seawater as electrolyte, aluminum as cathode, carbon rod and the like as anode, and uses oxygen in air to continuously oxidize aluminum to generate current. The battery is used for navigation marker lights, and the lights can emit light only by putting the lights into seawater for a few seconds.

Seawater battery: for example, in a seawater battery (patent No. 02134342), the negative electrode is pure magnesium or magnesium alloy, the positive electrode is silver chloride (AgCl) or copper chloride (CuCl), and seawater is an electrolyte, and the battery can be used for disaster prevention, military, maritime affairs and civil use.

Magnesium seawater battery: for example, in a seawater battery (patent No. 200310113951), magnesium or magnesium alloy is used as a negative electrode, an inert metal is used as a positive electrode, and the battery is directly immersed in seawater (seawater is used as an electrolyte) to generate electric power. Such seawater batteries do not have a pressure vessel, i.e. are not strictly complete batteries.

Water energy clock: in recent years, a hydroenergy battery-driven electronic clock appears on the market, such as the novel patent number 201120396863 for practical use, the power supply part of the hydroenergy battery-driven electronic clock is a hydroenergy battery power supply device and is provided with a cylindrical container, one end of the cylindrical container extends into the electrolyte level in the electrolyte container, the other end of the cylindrical container is provided with a positive metal sheet and a negative metal sheet, one ends of the positive metal sheet and the negative metal sheet are positioned in the cylindrical container, the other end of the positive metal sheet and the negative metal sheet extend into a base of the electronic clock to supply power, the cylindrical container is filled with carbon powder in contact with the positive metal sheet and the negative metal sheet, the end of the cylindrical container is provided with a perforated end cover, and the cylindrical container is internally provided with a water-absorbing sponge in contact with the carbon powder. However, the amount of electricity of the hydraulic battery is very small, and the hydraulic battery can only be used for driving a liquid crystal display meter, and cannot be used in occasions requiring large amount of electricity (large current) such as LED illumination.

Japanese noppo water energy battery: in recent years, a hydroenergy cell called NoPoPoPo has been invented in Japan, in which a carbon rod positive electrode is provided in the center, mnO2 powder is wrapped in a paper bag around the carbon rod positive electrode, a cell case is made of a magnesium alloy, and as a negative electrode, a water-added liquid such as tap water, rainwater, fruit juice, etc. is provided.

The NoPoPoPo hydroenergy battery can generate one third of the electricity quantity equivalent to the same No. 5 alkaline battery, and is one of the successful hydroenergy batteries at present. It can only work for a short time once it is used; after the magnesium alloy battery fails, the magnesium alloy battery shell serving as the cathode is damaged due to corrosion, so that battery substances in the magnesium alloy battery shell leak, and even electric appliances are possibly damaged; in addition, the price of the hydroenergy battery is relatively high, the current market price of each NoPoPo hydroenergy battery is 600 yen, and the NoPoPoPo hydroenergy battery is about 40 to 50 yen RMB.

For the purpose of visual comparison, the types of existing seawater batteries and hydroenergy batteries and the electrode and electrolyte materials are listed in table 2, and table 2 shows the types of existing seawater batteries and hydroenergy batteries and the electrode and electrolyte materials thereof.

TABLE 2

In summary, in order to overcome the limitation that the traditional battery mostly contains heavy metals, strong acids, strong bases and other non-environment-friendly substances, various novel battery technologies meeting the environment protection requirements are researched and developed, which is a constant theme in the technical field. And seawater batteries, hydroenergy batteries and the like can better meet the theme. However, the existing seawater batteries and hydroenergy batteries also have the limitations of large volume (such as seawater batteries used for beacon lights), no container (some of them only immerse electrodes in seawater), small electric quantity (such as hydroenergy batteries only used for hydroenergy clock liquid crystal display), possibility of internal substances leaking and damaging electric appliances (such as NoPoPoPo batteries) after the batteries are invalid, short working time, difficulty in recycling and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the limitations of the traditional batteries in the aspect of environmental protection performance due to the fact that most of the traditional batteries contain heavy metals, sulfuric acid or potassium hydroxide, and the limitations of large volume, no container, low electric quantity, possible leakage of internal substances after the batteries lose efficacy, short working time, difficulty in recycling and the like of the traditional seawater batteries and hydroenergy batteries, and provides the hydroenergy battery which can obtain sufficient electric power and can continuously work and be recycled only by adding water and sodium hypochlorite.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a hydroenergy battery comprises a shell, and a multi-stage electrode group, a multi-stage electrolytic cell and sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte in the shell, wherein each stage of electrode group comprises a magnesium rod cathode and a copper rod anode, and the magnesium rod cathode, the copper rod anode and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte form a battery combination; the multi-stage electrolytic cells are mutually communicated through the ion channels and the liquid circulation holes, and the blocking effect of the ion channels and the liquid circulation holes on ions is utilized to ensure that the multi-stage electrolytic cells are electrically equivalent to mutual isolation, and the voltage is gradually increased by the multi-stage electrode groups.

Preferably, the multistage electrode group comprises a negative electrode lead, a primary magnesium rod negative electrode, a primary copper rod positive electrode, a first connecting lead, a second magnesium rod negative electrode, a second copper rod positive electrode, a positive electrode lead and an electrode fixing seat; the negative pole wire is connected with one-level magnesium stick negative pole, and the one-level bar copper positive pole links to each other with second grade magnesium stick negative pole through wire one, and the anodal and anodal wire of second grade bar copper are connected, and all magnesium stick negative poles and bar copper positive poles are all installed on the electrode fixing base, and the casing is connected to the electrode fixing base. Further, the multi-stage electrolytic cell comprises a first-stage electrolytic cell unit and a second-stage electrolytic cell unit, wherein the first-stage electrolytic cell unit and the second-stage electrolytic cell unit are separated by an isolation wall in the shell; the ion channel comprises a first ion channel, and the liquid circulation hole comprises a first liquid circulation hole and a second liquid circulation hole; the first-stage electrolytic cell unit is communicated with the second-stage electrolytic cell unit through a first liquid circulation hole, a first ion channel and a second liquid circulation hole.

Preferably, the multistage electrode group comprises a negative electrode lead, a first-stage magnesium rod negative electrode, a first-stage copper rod positive electrode, a first connecting lead, a second-stage magnesium rod negative electrode, a second-stage copper rod positive electrode, a second connecting lead, a third-stage magnesium rod negative electrode, a third-stage copper rod positive electrode, a positive electrode lead and an electrode fixing seat, wherein the negative electrode lead is connected with the first-stage magnesium rod negative electrode, the first-stage copper rod positive electrode is connected with the second-stage magnesium rod negative electrode through the first lead, the second-stage copper rod positive electrode is connected with the third-stage magnesium rod negative electrode through the second lead, the third-stage copper rod positive electrode is connected with the positive electrode lead, all the magnesium rod negative electrodes and the copper rod positive electrodes are installed on the electrode fixing seat, and the electrode fixing seat is connected with the shell. Furthermore, the multistage electrolytic cell comprises a primary electrolytic cell unit, a secondary electrolytic cell unit and a tertiary electrolytic cell unit, wherein the primary electrolytic cell unit, the secondary electrolytic cell unit and the tertiary electrolytic cell unit are separated by an isolation wall in the shell; the ion channel comprises a first ion channel and a second ion channel, and the liquid circulation hole comprises a first liquid circulation hole, a second liquid circulation hole and a third liquid circulation hole; the first-stage electrolytic cell unit is communicated with the second-stage electrolytic cell unit through a liquid circulation hole I, an ion channel I and a liquid circulation hole II; the second-stage electrolytic cell unit is communicated with the third-stage electrolytic cell unit through a second liquid circulation hole, a second ion channel and a third liquid circulation hole.

Preferably, the multistage electrode group comprises a negative electrode lead, a primary magnesium rod negative electrode, a primary copper rod positive electrode, a first connecting lead, a secondary magnesium rod negative electrode, a secondary copper rod positive electrode, a second connecting lead, a third magnesium rod negative electrode, a third copper rod positive electrode, a third connecting lead, a fourth magnesium rod negative electrode, a fourth copper rod positive electrode, a positive electrode lead and an electrode fixing seat; the negative pole wire is connected with one-level magnesium stick negative pole, the positive pole of one-level bar copper links to each other with second grade magnesium stick negative pole through wire one, the positive pole of second grade bar copper is connected with tertiary magnesium stick negative pole through wire two, tertiary bar copper is anodal to be connected with level four magnesium stick negative pole through wire three, level four bar copper is anodal to be connected with anodal wire, all magnesium stick negative poles and bar copper are anodal to be installed on electrode fixing base, electrode fixing base central authorities open there is the air vent, the shell is connected to electrode fixing base. Further, the multistage electrolytic cell comprises a first-stage electrolytic cell unit, a second-stage electrolytic cell unit, a third-stage electrolytic cell unit and a fourth-stage electrolytic cell unit, and the ion channel comprises a first ion channel, a second ion channel and a third ion channel; the liquid circulation holes comprise a first liquid circulation hole, a second liquid circulation hole, a third liquid circulation hole and a fourth liquid circulation hole; the first-stage electrolytic cell unit is communicated with the second-stage electrolytic cell unit through a liquid circulation hole I, an ion channel I and a liquid circulation hole II; the second-stage electrolytic cell unit is communicated with the third-stage electrolytic cell unit through a second liquid circulation hole, a second ion channel and a third liquid circulation hole; the third-stage electrolytic cell unit is communicated with the fourth-stage electrolytic cell unit through a third liquid circulation hole, a third ion channel and a fourth liquid circulation hole; any adjacent cell units are separated by a partition wall within the housing.

Preferably, the shell is also provided with a liquid injection port, a plug, a cover plate and a central cylinder; the isolation wall comprises an isolation wall I, an isolation wall II, an isolation wall III and an isolation wall IV, and the four isolation walls are connected with the central cylinder in an orthogonal mode; the electrode fixing seat is fixed on the cover plate, and all magnesium rod cathodes and copper rod anodes on the electrode fixing seat are immersed in the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte.

The hydroenergy battery adopting the technical scheme has the advantages that the combination of the environment-friendly electrode and the electrolyte is adopted, and heavy metal and sulfuric acid are not contained; the design of a multi-stage electrode group and a multi-stage communicated electrolytic cell is adopted, and all stages of electrolytic cells are fluidically communicated and electrically equivalent to being mutually isolated and increasing the voltage step by step; the battery overcomes the limitations of the traditional battery and the existing seawater battery and hydroenergy battery, and has the characteristics of good environmental protection, strong electric power, high efficiency, long service life, recycling and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1: a schematic top cross-sectional view of example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2: the perspective structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention is schematically illustrated.

FIG. 3: a schematic top view cross section of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 4: the three-dimensional structure of embodiment 2 of the invention is schematically shown.

FIG. 5: a schematic top cross-sectional view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 6: a schematic side sectional view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 7: a schematic side view of a multi-stage electrode set in embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 8: a schematic perspective view of a multi-stage electrode set in embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 9: a schematic top cross-sectional view of example 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 10: a schematic perspective view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 11: a schematic top cross-sectional view of example 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 12: a schematic perspective view of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

This patent is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-12.

Example 1

The hydroenergy battery shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 comprises a shell and a two-stage electrode group 1, a two-stage electrolytic cell 2 and a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte 3 which are arranged in the shell, wherein each stage of electrode group comprises a magnesium rod negative electrode and a copper rod positive electrode, and the magnesium rod negative electrode, the copper rod positive electrode and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte form a battery combination. The two-stage electrolytic cell 2 includes a first-stage electrolytic cell unit 19 and a second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20, which are communicated with each other through an ion passage and a liquid flow hole, and the first-stage electrolytic cell unit 19 and the second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20 are electrically equivalent to being isolated from each other by utilizing the blocking effect of the ion passage and the liquid flow hole on ions, and the voltage is increased step by two-stage electrode groups. The shell is provided with a liquid injection port.

The secondary electrode group 1 mainly comprises a negative electrode lead 4, a primary magnesium rod negative electrode 5, a primary copper rod positive electrode 6, a first connecting lead 7, a secondary magnesium rod negative electrode 8, a secondary copper rod positive electrode 9, a positive electrode lead 16 and an electrode fixing seat. The cathode lead 4 is connected with the primary magnesium rod cathode 5, the primary copper rod anode 6 is connected with the secondary magnesium rod cathode 8 through the lead I7, the secondary copper rod anode 9 is connected with the anode lead 16, all the magnesium rod cathodes and the copper rod anodes are installed on the electrode fixing seat, and the electrode fixing seat is connected with the shell.

The two-stage electrolytic cell 2 comprises a first stage cell unit 19 and a second stage cell unit 20, the first stage cell unit 19 and the second stage cell unit 20 being separated by a partition wall within the housing. The ion channel is a first ion channel 23, and the liquid flow holes include a first liquid flow hole 26 and a second liquid flow hole 27. The first-stage electrolytic cell unit 19 is communicated with the second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20 through a first liquid circulation hole 26, a first ion channel 23 and a second liquid circulation hole 27.

In example 1, the open circuit voltage between the positive electrode lead 16 and the negative electrode lead 4 can be set, and if the voltage between the positive electrode of the copper rod and the negative electrode of the magnesium rod at each stage is 2V, the open circuit voltage in example 1 can reach 4V, that is, 2 × 2v =4V.

Example 2

The hydroenergy battery shown in fig. 3 and 4 comprises a shell, a three-level electrode group 1, a three-level electrolytic cell 2 and sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte 3, wherein the shell, the three-level electrode group, the three-level electrolytic cell and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte are arranged in the shell, each electrode group comprises a magnesium rod negative electrode and a copper rod positive electrode, and the magnesium rod negative electrode, the copper rod positive electrode and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte form a battery combination. The three-stage electrolytic cell 2 comprises a first-stage electrolytic cell unit 19, a second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20 and a third-stage electrolytic cell unit 21 which are mutually communicated through an ion channel and a liquid circulation hole, and the first-stage electrolytic cell unit 19, the second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20 and the third-stage electrolytic cell unit 21 are electrically equivalent to mutual isolation by utilizing the blocking effect of the ion channel and the liquid circulation hole on ions, and the voltage is gradually increased through a third-stage electrode group. The shell is provided with a liquid injection port.

The three-level electrode group 1 mainly comprises a negative electrode lead 4, a first-level magnesium rod negative electrode 5, a first-level copper rod positive electrode 6, a first connecting lead 7, a second-level magnesium rod negative electrode 8, a second-level copper rod positive electrode 9, a second connecting lead 10, a third-level magnesium rod negative electrode 11, a third-level copper rod positive electrode 12, a positive electrode lead 16 and an electrode fixing seat. Negative pole wire 4 is connected with one-level magnesium stick negative pole 5, and one-level bar copper positive pole 6 links to each other with second grade magnesium stick negative pole 8 through connecting wire 7, and second grade bar copper positive pole 9 is connected with tertiary magnesium stick negative pole 11 through connecting wire two 10, and tertiary bar copper positive pole 12 is connected with anodal wire 16, and all magnesium stick negative poles and bar copper positive poles are all installed on the electrode fixing base, and the shell is connected to the electrode fixing base.

The three-stage electrolytic cell 2 comprises a first-stage electrolytic cell unit 19, a second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20 and a third-stage electrolytic cell unit 21, wherein the first-stage electrolytic cell unit 19, the second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20 and the third-stage electrolytic cell unit 21 are all separated by an isolation wall in the shell, namely adjacent electrolytic cell units are separated by the isolation wall. The ion channel includes ion channel one 23 and ion channel two 24. The liquid circulation holes include a first liquid circulation hole 26, a second liquid circulation hole 27, and a third liquid circulation hole 28. The first-stage electrolytic cell unit 19 is communicated with the second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20 through a first liquid circulation hole 26, a first ion channel 23 and a second liquid circulation hole 27. The second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20 is communicated with the third-stage electrolytic cell unit 21 through a second liquid circulation hole 27, a second ion channel 24 and a third liquid circulation hole 28.

In example 2, the open circuit voltage between the positive electrode lead 16 and the negative electrode lead 4 can be set, and if the voltage between the positive electrode of the copper rod and the negative electrode of the magnesium rod at each stage is 2V, the open circuit voltage in example 2 can reach 6V, i.e. 3 stages × 2v =6V.

Example 3

The hydroenergy battery shown in fig. 5-10 comprises a shell, and a four-stage electrode group 1, a four-stage electrolytic cell 2 and a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte 3 which are arranged in the shell, wherein each stage of electrode group comprises a magnesium rod negative electrode and a copper rod positive electrode, and the magnesium rod negative electrode, the copper rod positive electrode and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte form a battery combination. The four-stage electrolytic cell 2 comprises a first-stage electrolytic cell unit 19, a second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20, a third-stage electrolytic cell unit 21 and a four-stage electrolytic cell unit 22 which are communicated with each other through ion channels and liquid circulation holes, and the first-stage electrolytic cell unit 19, the second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20, the third-stage electrolytic cell unit 21 and the four-stage electrolytic cell unit 22 are electrically equivalent to mutual isolation by utilizing the blocking effect of the ion channels and the liquid circulation holes on ions, and the voltage is gradually increased by a four-stage electrode group.

The four-stage electrode group 1 mainly comprises a negative electrode lead 4, a first-stage magnesium rod negative electrode 5, a first-stage copper rod positive electrode 6, a first connecting lead 7, a second-stage magnesium rod negative electrode 8, a second-stage copper rod positive electrode 9, a second connecting lead 10, a third-stage magnesium rod negative electrode 11, a third-stage copper rod positive electrode 12, a third connecting lead 13, a four-stage magnesium rod negative electrode 14, a four-stage copper rod positive electrode 15, a positive electrode lead 16 and an electrode fixing seat 17. Negative wire 4 is connected with one-level magnesium stick negative pole 5, the anodal 6 of one-level bar copper links to each other with second grade magnesium stick negative pole 8 through connecting wire 7, the anodal 9 of second grade bar copper is connected with tertiary magnesium stick negative pole 11 through connecting wire two 10, tertiary bar copper is anodal 12 to be connected with level four magnesium stick negative pole 14 through connecting wire three 13, level four bar copper is anodal 15 to be connected with anodal wire 16, all magnesium stick negative poles and bar copper are anodal to be installed on electrode fixing base 17, electrode fixing base 17 central authorities open there is air vent 18.

The four-stage electrolytic cell 2 includes a first-stage electrolytic cell unit 19, a second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20, a third-stage electrolytic cell unit 21, and a four-stage electrolytic cell unit 22. The ion channel is composed of a first ion channel 23, a second ion channel 24 and a third ion channel 25. The liquid circulation hole is composed of a first liquid circulation hole 26, a second liquid circulation hole 27, a third liquid circulation hole 28 and a fourth liquid circulation hole 29. The first-stage electrolytic cell unit 19 is communicated with the second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20 through a first liquid circulation hole 26, a first ion channel 23 and a second liquid circulation hole 27. The second-stage electrolytic cell unit 20 is communicated with the third-stage electrolytic cell unit 21 through a second liquid circulation hole 27, a second ion channel 24 and a third liquid circulation hole 28. The third-stage electrolytic cell unit 21 is communicated with the fourth-stage electrolytic cell unit 22 through a liquid circulation hole three 28, an ion channel three 25 and a liquid circulation hole four 29.

The casing is rectangular, and is also provided with a liquid injection port 30, a plug 31, a cover plate 32, a central cylinder 37, a screw hole group 38, a first screw group 39 and a second screw group 40. The first stage cell unit 19 is not in direct communication with the fourth stage cell unit 22. The partition walls are constituted by a first partition wall 33, a second partition wall 34, a third partition wall 35 and a fourth partition wall 36, which respectively partition the adjacent electrolytic cell units, and the four partition walls are connected to a central column 37 in an orthogonal manner. Screw hole groups 38 are arranged at four corners of the shell above the four-stage electrolytic cell 2, the cover plate 32 is fixed by a first screw group 39, and the electrode fixing seat 17 is fixed on the cover plate 32 by a second screw group 40, so that most of all magnesium rod cathodes and copper rod anodes are immersed in the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte 3.

It is known that a single battery or an electrolytic cell unit can only obtain a single level of voltage, for example, a single unit of dry battery voltage is 1.5V, and to obtain a higher voltage, several dry batteries must be connected in series. In the case of a hydroenergy battery, it is equivalent to the need to connect the electrodes of several electrolytic cells, which are independent of each other, in series, but if so, each electrolytic cell must have a separate filling opening, and the operations of filling water and electrolyte into several electrolytic cells must be performed separately, which is a significant drawback in terms of technical and practical applicability.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention can not only effectively increase the voltage, but also skillfully realize the simultaneous liquid injection of a plurality of electrolytic cell units, adopts the multistage electrode group 1 and the multistage electrolytic cells 2, makes the multistage electrolytic cells 2 sequentially communicated in terms of fluidics by utilizing ion channels and liquid circulation holes, and can sequentially flow the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte 3 injected into one electrolytic cell unit from the liquid injection port 30 on the cover plate 32 to other electrolytic cell units, thereby skillfully realizing the synchronous injection of the electrolyte. On the other hand, because the ion channels between the adjacent electrolytic cell units are slender, and the small liquid flow holes of each electrolytic cell unit are small, the small liquid flow holes have a good blocking effect on the ion flow in the solution, the ion flow is shown by a dotted arrow in the drawing, the ionic conductivity is small, namely the resistance is large, and the multi-stage electrolytic cell units are electrically equivalent to mutual isolation. Thus, the current generated by the first stage cell unit 19 will flow for the most part through the first connecting wire 7 to the second stage cell unit 20 of the next stage, and the voltage is raised by one stage, and so on. Therefore, the voltage of the multi-stage electrode group is skillfully increased step by step, so that the voltage which is several times that of a single-stage battery is obtained. The voltage between the positive electrode lead 16 and the negative electrode lead 4 can be set, if the voltage between the positive electrode of the copper rod and the negative electrode of the magnesium rod at each stage is 2V, the voltage in the embodiment 3 can reach 8V, namely 4 × 2v =8v, the voltage value of the multi-stage hydroenergy battery with other stages designed according to the same method can be analogized, the current of 100 to 1000ma can be adjusted, the more the liquid is added, the larger the current is, and the multi-stage hydroenergy battery can continuously work and be recycled.

Example 4

A hydroenergy battery as shown in fig. 11 and 12 is the same in structure and principle as in embodiment 3 except that the housing is cylindrical.

In summary, the key technology of the invention for realizing the following aspects is needed for the hydroenergy battery: 1. the optimized combination of the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the electrolyte is adopted, so that the single-stage hydroenergy battery can obtain sufficient electric quantity, namely higher voltage and current; 2. the electrode material, the electrolyte material and the battery residual liquid all accord with the theme of environmental protection; 3. the design of a multi-stage hydraulic energy battery is adopted, so that the voltage which is multiple times that of a single-stage battery can be obtained, and the injection operation of water and additive liquid of each stage of electrolytic cell unit can be synchronously completed; 4. the multistage hydroenergy battery can work for a long time and be recycled only by adding water and an additive solution. In order to realize the key technologies, the water energy battery adopts the optimized combination of magnesium (cathode)/sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution (electrolyte)/copper (anode), and compared with the existing water energy battery, the water energy battery can generate more sufficient electric quantity, namely, higher single-stage voltage and higher current can be obtained, and the limitation that the electric quantity of the existing water energy battery is very small is overcome, particularly, the water energy battery used for a water energy clock can only drive liquid crystal display and cannot be used for LED display and illumination. The adopted magnesium, copper, sodium hypochlorite aqueous solutions and the like are conventional materials or daily necessities, and the battery residual solution is mainly water, salt (NaCl), magnesium oxide (MgO) and other environment-friendly substances, so that the battery residual solution can well accord with the theme of environmental protection. The problems that most of traditional batteries contain heavy metal, sulfuric acid and the like are solved, and the limitations that battery shells are damaged after the existing water energy batteries are used or lose efficacy, battery materials and electrolyte overflow, and electric appliances are possibly damaged are overcome. The multi-stage electrode group and the multi-stage communicated electrolytic cell are adopted, and a plurality of electrolytic cell units are communicated with each other in a fluidics manner, so that the electrolyte injection operation of each stage of electrolytic cell unit can be synchronously completed. Meanwhile, the blocking effect of the slender ion channels and the fine liquid through holes between the adjacent electrolytic cell units on ions is skillfully utilized, so that the multi-stage electrolytic cell units are electrically equivalent to mutual isolation, and the voltage of the multi-stage electrode group can be increased step by step to obtain the voltage which is several times that of a single-stage battery. After copper electrodes and magnesium electrodes with certain sizes (areas) are designed and manufactured according to different application fields and application requirements, only water and additive liquid are needed to be added, and the multistage hydroenergy battery can work for a long time and can be recycled.

The invention relates to a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution used by a hydroenergy battery, belonging to conventional household daily necessities. For example, it is a main component of an environment-friendly washing and disinfecting liquid of a certain famous brand, has lavender flavor, can be used for even disinfecting and washing tableware, chopping boards, rags and the like, is safe and environment-friendly, is slowly decomposed naturally, and even if the decomposition is carried out, the product is salt (NaCl) and oxygen, so the washing and disinfecting liquid is a safe and environment-friendly substance.

The multi-stage hydroenergy battery has the advantages that the multi-stage hydroenergy battery adopts the combination of the environment-friendly electrodes and the electrolyte, does not contain heavy metal and sulfuric acid, simultaneously adopts the design of the multi-stage electrode group and the multi-stage communication type electrolytic cell, realizes the communication in fluidics and the gradual voltage increase in electricity, and overcomes the limitations of the traditional battery and the existing seawater battery and hydroenergy battery. The method is completely different from the existing seawater battery and hydroenergy battery in the aspects of electrode and electrolyte combination, multi-stage electrode group design, multi-stage communication type electrolytic cell design, working principle, technical performance and the like, and has remarkable characteristics and innovation. Particularly, the hydropower battery does not contain heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury and the like, and also does not contain strong acid and strong alkali such as sulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide and the like, and the battery products are environment-friendly substances such as NaCl, magnesium oxide (MgO), oxygen and the like, so the hydropower battery has the characteristics of novel principle, ingenious design method, good environmental protection, strong electric power, high efficiency, long service life, recyclability and the like. Can be widely applied to the fields of Light Emitting Diode (LED) illumination, travel, exploration, disaster prevention, maritime affairs, military affairs and other dual-purpose fields of military and civilian use.

In a word, the hydroenergy battery adopts a method of combining a multi-stage magnesium rod cathode/copper rod anode with a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution phase, namely, a multi-stage electrode group and a multi-stage communication type electrolytic cell are adopted, so that multi-stage electrolytic cell units are communicated with each other in the aspect of fluidics, and meanwhile, the multi-stage electrolytic cell units are electrically equivalent to mutual isolation by utilizing the blocking effect of a slender ion channel and a fine liquid flow pore on ions, so that the multi-stage electrode group is ensured to increase the voltage step by step, the voltage is multiple times of that of a single-stage electrolytic cell, and sufficient electric power can be obtained only by adding water and sodium hypochlorite into the multi-stage communication type electrolytic cell, and the multi-stage communication type electrolytic cell can work continuously and can be recycled. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent is not limited to the manner described in the examples, that is, the number of electrode groups and the number of electrolytic cells may be continuously increased, and the voltage is increased by one step (for example, by 2V) for each increase of the electrode groups and the electrolytic cells.

Claims (8)

1. A hydroenergy battery is characterized by comprising a shell, and a multi-stage electrode group (1), a multi-stage electrolytic cell (2) and a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte (3) which are arranged in the shell, wherein each stage of electrode group (1) comprises a magnesium rod cathode and a copper rod anode, and the magnesium rod cathode, the copper rod anode and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte form a battery combination; the multi-stage electrolytic cells (2) are mutually communicated through the ion channels and the liquid circulation holes, and the multi-stage electrolytic cells are electrically equivalent to mutual isolation by utilizing the blocking effect of the slender ion channels and the tiny liquid circulation small holes on ions, and the voltage is gradually increased by the multi-stage electrode groups.

2. The hydroenergy battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the multistage electrode assembly (1) comprises a negative electrode lead (4), a primary magnesium rod negative electrode (5), a primary copper rod positive electrode (6), a first connecting lead (7), a secondary magnesium rod negative electrode (8), a secondary copper rod positive electrode (9), a positive electrode lead (16) and an electrode holder; negative pole wire (4) are connected with one-level magnesium stick negative pole (5), and one-level bar copper positive pole (6) link to each other with second grade magnesium stick negative pole (8) through wire (7), and second grade bar copper positive pole (9) are connected with anodal wire (16), and all magnesium stick negative poles and bar copper positive poles are all installed on the electrode fixing base, and the casing is connected to the electrode fixing base.

3. A hydroenergy battery as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the multistage electrolytic cell (2) comprises a primary cell unit (19) and a secondary cell unit (20), the primary cell unit (19) and the secondary cell unit (20) being separated by an insulating wall in the housing; the ion channel comprises a first ion channel (23), and the liquid through hole comprises a first liquid through hole (26) and a second liquid through hole (27); the first-stage electrolytic cell unit (19) is communicated with the second-stage electrolytic cell unit (20) through a first liquid circulation hole (26), a first ion channel (23) and a second liquid circulation hole (27).

4. The hydroenergy battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the multistage electrode assembly (1) comprises a negative electrode lead (4), a primary magnesium rod negative electrode (5), a primary copper rod positive electrode (6), a first connecting lead (7), a secondary magnesium rod negative electrode (8), a secondary copper rod positive electrode (9), a second connecting lead (10), a tertiary magnesium rod negative electrode (11), a tertiary copper rod positive electrode (12), a positive electrode lead (16) and an electrode holder, the negative electrode lead (4) is connected with the primary magnesium rod negative electrode (5), the primary copper rod positive electrode (6) is connected with the secondary magnesium rod negative electrode (8) through the first lead (7), the secondary copper rod positive electrode (9) is connected with the tertiary magnesium rod negative electrode (11) through the second lead (10), the tertiary copper rod positive electrode (12) is connected with the positive electrode lead (16), all the magnesium rod negative electrode and the copper rod positive electrode are mounted on the electrode holder, and the electrode holder is connected with the housing.

5. A hydroenergy battery as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that the multistage electrolytic cell (2) comprises a primary cell unit (19), a secondary cell unit (20) and a tertiary cell unit (21), the primary cell unit (19), the secondary cell unit (20) and the tertiary cell unit (21) being separated by a partition wall in the housing; the ion channel comprises a first ion channel (23) and a second ion channel (24), and the liquid circulation hole comprises a first liquid circulation hole (26), a second liquid circulation hole (27) and a third liquid circulation hole (28); the primary electrolytic cell unit (19) is communicated with the secondary electrolytic cell unit (20) through a first liquid circulation hole (26), a first ion channel (23) and a second liquid circulation hole (27); the second-stage electrolytic cell unit (20) is communicated with the third-stage electrolytic cell unit (21) through a second liquid circulation hole (27), a second ion channel (24) and a third liquid circulation hole (28).

6. A hydroenergy battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the multistage electrode assembly (1) comprises a negative electrode lead (4), a first magnesium rod negative electrode (5), a first copper rod positive electrode (6), a first connecting lead (7), a second magnesium rod negative electrode (8), a second copper rod positive electrode (9), a second connecting lead (10), a third magnesium rod negative electrode (11), a third copper rod positive electrode (12), a third connecting lead (13), a fourth magnesium rod negative electrode (14), a fourth copper rod positive electrode (15), a positive electrode lead (16) and an electrode holder (17); negative pole wire (4) are connected with one-level magnesium stick negative pole (5), one-level bar copper positive pole (6) link to each other with second grade magnesium stick negative pole (8) through wire (7), second grade bar copper positive pole (9) are connected with tertiary magnesium stick negative pole (11) through wire two (10), tertiary bar copper positive pole (12) are connected with level four magnesium stick negative pole (14) through three (13) of wire, level four bar copper positive pole (15) are connected with anodal wire (16), all magnesium stick negative poles and bar copper are anodal to be installed on electrode fixing base (17), electrode fixing base (17) central authorities are opened there is air vent (18), the shell is connected to the electrode fixing base.

7. A hydroenergy battery as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that the multistage electrolytic cell (2) comprises a primary cell unit (19), a secondary cell unit (20), a tertiary cell unit (21) and a quaternary cell unit (22), the ion channel comprising ion channel one (23), ion channel two (24) and ion channel three (25); the liquid circulation holes comprise a first liquid circulation hole (26), a second liquid circulation hole (27), a third liquid circulation hole (28) and a fourth liquid circulation hole (29); the primary electrolytic cell unit (19) is communicated with the secondary electrolytic cell unit (20) through a first liquid circulation hole (26), a first ion channel (23) and a second liquid circulation hole (27); the secondary electrolytic cell unit (20) is communicated with the tertiary electrolytic cell unit (21) through a second liquid circulation hole (27), a second ion channel (24) and a third liquid circulation hole (28); the three-stage electrolytic cell unit (21) is communicated with the four-stage electrolytic cell unit (22) through a liquid circulation hole III (28), an ion channel III (25) and a liquid circulation hole IV (29); any adjacent cell units are separated by a partition wall within the housing.

8. A hydroenergy battery as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that the housing is also provided with a filling opening (30), a plug (31), a cover plate (32) and a central cylinder (37); the insulating walls comprise a first insulating wall (33), a second insulating wall (34), a third insulating wall (35) and a fourth insulating wall (36), the four insulating walls being connected to the central cylinder (37) in an orthogonal manner; the electrode fixing seat (17) is fixed on the cover plate (32), and all magnesium rod cathodes and copper rod anodes on the electrode fixing seat (17) are immersed in the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution electrolyte (3).