CN102933159A - 钉仓 - Google Patents
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B17/2909—Handles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/0042—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with special provisions for gripping
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/0042—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with special provisions for gripping
- A61B2017/00455—Orientation indicators, e.g. recess on the handle
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/00477—Coupling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
- A61B2017/0725—Stapler heads with settable gap between anvil and cartridge, e.g. for different staple heights at different shots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
- A61B2017/07285—Stapler heads characterised by its cutter
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/0801—Prevention of accidental cutting or pricking
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/0801—Prevention of accidental cutting or pricking
- A61B2090/08021—Prevention of accidental cutting or pricking of the patient or his organs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/0813—Accessories designed for easy sterilising, i.e. re-usable
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/0814—Preventing re-use
Abstract
本发明涉及与外科缝合器械(100)一起使用的钉仓(150),所述钉仓(150)包括设置于其中的切割构件(160)。所述钉仓(150)可包括对准特征(280),所述对准特征(280)能够在将所述钉仓(150)组装到所述外科缝合器械(100)时使所述钉仓(150)的所述切割构件(160)与驱动杆(202)的远端(201)对准。
Description
相关专利申请的交叉参考
本专利申请为根据35 U.S.C.§120的2008年9月19日提交的名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT WITH CUTTING MEMBERARRANGEMENT(具有切割构件装置的外科缝合器械)”的美国专利申请系列No.12/234,149的部分继续申请,该专利申请的整个公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
背景技术
i.技术领域
本发明涉及缝合器械,并且在多种实施例中,涉及用于制备一排或多排缝钉的外科缝合器械。
ii.背景技术
近年以来,外科医生越来越倾向于使用缝合器械缝合身体组织,例如肺、食道、胃、十二指肠和/或肠道中的其他器官。在多种情况下使用适当的缝合器械可用更短的时间将手术做得更出色,并简化此前困难的外科手术,例如胃肠吻合术。早先的直线双排和四排切割缝合器包括将缝钉单独手动加载到其中的无钉仓器械。其他早先的器械包括预消毒的一次性缝钉加载单元和切割构件,其可用于同时分割组织并将各排缝钉成形。这种外科缝合器的实例在公布于1970年3月10的名称为“INSTRUMENT FOR PLACING LATERALGASTROINTESTINAL ANASTOMOSES”(用于进行横向胃肠吻合的器械)的美国专利No.3,499,591中有所公开,该专利的全部公开内容以引用的方式并入本文。
缝合器械可包括一对配合的细长钳口构件,其中每个钳口构件均可用于插入要吻合的内部管状身体器官内。在多种实施例中,钳口构件中的一个可支承具有至少两个横向间隔的缝钉排的钉仓,同时另一个钳口构件可支承与钉仓中的缝钉排对准的具有缝钉成形凹腔的砧座。一般来讲,缝合器械还可包括可相对于钳口构件而滑动的推杆和刀片,以通过推杆上的凸轮表面将缝钉从钉仓中依次顶出。在至少一个实施例中,凸轮表面可被构造成启动由钉仓承载并与各个缝钉相随的多个缝钉驱动器,以推压缝钉靠在砧座上并在夹持在钳口构件之间的组织内形成横向间隔的变形缝钉排。然而,在典型的缝合器械中,一旦将钳口构件组装在一起就无法相对于钉仓运动砧座,并且无法调整已形成的缝钉高度。在至少一个实施例中,刀片可跟随推杆并沿着缝钉排之间的路线切割组织。此类缝合器械的实例在公布于1984年2月7日的名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”(外科器械)的美国专利No.4,429,695中有所公开,该专利的全部公开内容据此以引用方式并入本文。
在多种实施例中,典型缝合器械可包括可通过闩锁固定在一起的第一和第二钳口构件,其中闩锁可在打开位置、部分关闭位置、和关闭位置之间运动。然而,在闩锁的打开和部分关闭位置中,典型缝合器械的第一和第二钳口构件可彼此无意地分离,从而需要额外的时间来再装配钳口构件。在某些情况下,第一和第二钳口构件的分离可暴露刀片。在多种情况下,除了上文所述,缝合器械可包括从推杆延伸的致动器把手,所述致动器把手可被构造为由外科医生抓握并向远侧推进以使推杆和刀片在钉仓内行进。然而,在某些情况下,致动器把手可相对于钳口构件推进,即使第一和第二钳口构件仍未被装配。在至少一种情况下,一旦得到装配,致动器把手随着可从外科器械向外延伸就可无意地接触围绕手术部位的组织,并且因此组织可阻止致动器把手的行进。在这种情况下,外科医生可能不得不强制致动器把手穿过组织并且/或重新设置缝合器械,这可增加完成外科手术所需的时间。需要对上述情况加以改善。
发明内容
在本发明的至少一种形式中,外科缝合器械可包括第一和第二钳口构件,所述第一和第二钳口构件可彼此可枢转地进行连接并且可相对于彼此通过闩锁固定就位。在多种实施例中,第一和第二钳口构件可包括第一和第二锁定构件,所述第一和第二锁定构件可允许第一和第二钳口构件相对于彼此进行旋转但防止或至少阻碍第一和第二钳口构件彼此分离。这种实施例可尤其可用于下述情况,即其中闩锁处于部分关闭位置并且第一和第二钳口构件正在被操作以定位两者间的组织。在至少一个这种实施例中,第一和第二钳口构件可充分地连接在一起,以便防止或至少降低第一和第二钳口构件变得彼此分离并暴露切割构件的可能性。在本发明的至少一种形式中,外科缝合器械可包括壳体,所述壳体可至少部分地延伸到切割构件的上方和/或周围。在多种实施例中,壳体可在第一和第二钳口构件彼此分离时至少部分地覆盖切割构件,仍允许切割构件在使用期间相对于第一和第二钳口构件进行运动。
在多种实施例中,外科缝合器械还可包括切割构件和/或缝钉滑轨,所述切割构件和/或缝钉滑轨可相对于第一和第二钳口构件进行推进和/或回退。在某些实施例中,可通过切割构件和/或随同切割构件一起来推进缝钉滑轨,以便从第一和第二钳口构件中的一者内的钉仓调配缝钉。在本发明的至少一种形式中,外科缝合器械可包括锁扣,所述锁扣可防止或至少阻碍切割构件和/或缝钉滑轨在闩锁已关闭之前相对于第一和第二钳口构件运动或至少推进。在至少一个实施例中,闩锁可能够在闩锁从完全打开位置运动至完全关闭位置时接合锁扣并且使锁扣从切割构件和/或缝钉滑轨以可操作方式脱开。在至少一个实施例中,第一和第二钳口构件中的一者可包括砧座,所述砧座具有至少一个成形面,所述成形面可能够在从钉仓调配缝钉时使缝钉变形。在本发明的至少一种形式中,可相对于钉仓来可动地调整砧座以便调整缝钉变形的程度。在多种实施例中,可通过可滑动调整板和/或可旋转凸轮来调整砧座。
附图说明
通过结合附图参考本发明实施例的以下说明,本发明的上述和其他特征及优点及其获取方法将会变得更加明显,并可更好地理解发明本身,其中:
图1为根据本发明的至少一个实施例的外科缝合器械的透视图;
图2为图1的外科缝合器械的分解透视图;
图3为图1的外科缝合器械的分解正视图;
图4为图1的外科缝合器械的局部剖视图,其示出被组装在一起的第一和第二部分;
图5为图1的外科缝合器械的局部剖视图,其示出被锁定于图4的第二部分近端的图4的第一部分近端并示出朝第一部分旋转的第二部分;
图6为图1的外科缝合器械的局部剖视图,其示出可旋转地安装于第一部分的闩锁,其中闩锁与第二部分接合并且其中闩锁已旋转至部分关闭位置;
图7为图1的外科缝合器械的局部剖视图,其示出位于关闭位置的图6的闩锁;
图8为图1的外科缝合器械的钉仓组件的透视图;
图9为图8的钉仓组件的分解图;
图10为沿着图9的线10-10截取的图8钉仓组件的剖视图;
图11为图8钉仓组件的缝钉滑轨与切割构件组合的分解图;
图12为图11的缝钉滑轨与切割构件组件的透视图;
图13为图1的外科缝合器械的透视图,其示出沿着外科缝合器械的第一侧面向远侧运动的击发致动器;
图14为图1的外科缝合器械的透视图,其示出沿着外科缝合器械的第二侧面向远侧运动的图13的击发致动器;
图15为根据本发明的至少一个可供选择的实施例的外科缝合器械的剖视图,其示出位于部分关闭位置的闩锁以及与击发致动器接合的锁定机构;
图16为图15的外科缝合器械的剖视图,其中闩锁已移至关闭位置并且已使锁定机构脱离击发致动器;
图17为图1的外科缝合器械的砧座组件的透视图;
图18为图17的砧座组件的分解透视图;
图19为图17的砧座组件的另一个分解透视图;
图20为图17的砧座组件的分解的剖切正视图;
图21为图17的砧座组件的剖切组装图,其示出位于第一位置的砧座调整构件;
图22为图17的砧座组件的剖切组装图,其示出位于第二位置的图21的砧座调整构件;
图23为图17的砧座组件的剖切组装图,其示出位于第三位置的图21的砧座调整构件;
图24为根据本发明的至少一个可供选择的实施例的外科缝合器械的透视图;
图25为沿着图24中的线25-25截取的图24的外科缝合器械的剖视图;
图26为图24的外科缝合器械近端的局部分解图,该器械近端包括用于以可脱开的方式使可旋转的砧座调整构件固定就位的制动机构;
图27为图24的外科缝合器械的透视图,其中某些部件被移除而其他部件以剖视示出;
图28为图24的外科缝合器械诸部分的分解图,其示出处于第一取向的可旋转砧座调整构件;
图29为图28的可旋转砧座调整构件的透视图;
图30为图24的外科缝合器械的端视图,其中某些部件被移除而其他部件以虚线示出,其示出处于图28的第一取向的可旋转砧座调整构件;
图31为沿着图24中的线31-31截取的图24的外科缝合器械的剖切端视图;
图32为图24的外科缝合器械的端视图,其示出以第一方向旋转至第二取向的图28的可旋转砧座调整构件;
图33为图24的外科缝合器械的剖切端视图,其示出处于图32的第二取向的砧座调整构件;
图34为图24的外科缝合器械的端视图,其示出以第二方向旋转至第三取向的图28的可旋转砧座调整构件;
图35为图24的外科缝合器械的剖切端视图,其示出处于图34的第三取向的砧座调整构件;
图36为用于旋转图28的砧座调整构件的致动器的透视图;
图37为外科缝合器械的局部剖视图,该器械包括弹簧,其被构造成当缝合器械处于部分闭合构型时使第一柄部的远端偏离第二柄部的远端;
图38为图1的外科缝合器械的分解透视图;
图39为图1的外科缝合器械的分解正视图;
图40为图1的外科缝合器械的局部剖视图,其示出可旋转地安装于第一部分的闩锁,其中闩锁与第二部分接合并且其中闩锁已旋转至部分关闭位置;
图41为图1的外科缝合器械的钉仓组件的透视图;
图42为图8的钉仓组件的分解图;
图43为图8的钉仓组件的剖视图;
图44为图8的钉仓组件的缝钉滑轨与切割构件组件的分解图;
图45为图44的缝钉滑轨与切割构件组件的透视图;
图46为被构造为以可操作方式连接至图44的缝钉滑轨与切割组件的驱动杆的远端的细部图,其中驱动杆远端在近侧位置示为实线并且在第二或远侧位置示为虚线;
图47为图8的钉仓组件的局部底视图;并且
图48为根据替代性实施例的钉仓组件的剖视图。
对应参考符号表明贯穿若干视图的对应部分。本文示出的范例(以一种形式)示出本发明的优选实施例,不应将这种范例理解为是以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
现在将描述某些示例性实施例以从整体上理解本发明所公开的装置的结构、功能、制造和使用的原理以及本发明所公开的方法的原理。这些实施例的一个或多个实例在附图中示出。本领域的普通技术人员将会理解,本文特别描述和在附图中示出的器械和方法为非限制性的示例性实施例,并且本发明多个实施例的范围仅由权利要求书限定。就一个示例性实施例进行图解说明或描述的特征,可与其他实施例的特征进行组合。这种修改形式和变化形式旨在包括在本发明的范围之内。
下述共同拥有的非临时性美国专利申请的全部公开内容以引用方式并入本文:
2008年9月19日提交的名称为“SURGICAL STAPLINGINSTRUMENT WITH CUTTING MEMBER ARRANGEMENT(具有切割构件装置的外科缝合器械)”的美国专利申请No.12/234,149;
2008年9月19日提交的名称为“SURGICAL STAPLER HAVINGAN INTERMEDIATE CLOSING POSITION(具有中间关闭位置的外科缝合器)”的美国专利申请No.12/234,143;
2008年9月19日提交的名称为“SURGICAL STAPLER WITHAPPARATUS FOR ADJUSTING STAPLE HEIGHT(具有用于调整缝钉高度的设备的外科缝合器)”的美国专利申请No.12/234,133;以及
2008年9月19日提交的名称为“LOCKOUT ARRANGEMENTFOR A SURGICAL STAPLER(用于外科缝合器的锁定装置)”的美国专利申请No.12/234,113。
参见图1,外科缝合器械(通常为100)可包括第一柄部102和第二柄部104。在多种实施例中,第一柄部102和第二柄部104被构造成能够例如由外科医生抓握,并可包括手持部分106。在至少一个实施例中,第一柄部102(参见图2和3)可包括附装于第一支架110的第一覆盖件108,并且类似地第二柄部104可包括附装于第二支架114的第二覆盖件112。覆盖件108和112可以具有符合人体工程学的轮廓,或以其他方式具有合适轮廓,以帮助外科医生在手术部位内操作缝合器械100。在多种实施例中,柄部覆盖件108和112例如可分别包括增大的突出部109和113,其可有助于将缝合器械100插入手术部位内。在多种实施例中,柄部覆盖件108和112可例如由塑性轻质材料和/或任何其他合适的材料制成,而柄部支架110和114可例如由不锈钢、钛和/或任何其他合适的材料制成。
在多种实施例中,再次参见图1-3,柄部102和104的远端可包括端部执行器120,其可被构造成例如可对手术部位内的组织进行处理。在至少一个这种实施例中,端部执行器120可包括被构造成接纳和/或保持钉仓的钉仓通道122,如下文更详细地进一步描述。在某些实施例中,钉仓通道122可包括从第一柄部支架110延伸的一体式细长通道形支架。在至少一个实施例中,钉仓通道122可包括由底壁126所连接的一对相对的细长侧壁124。沿着钉仓通道122的向后或近侧部分,一对间隔开的直立侧面凸缘128可从相对侧壁124向上延伸。在多种实施例中,侧面凸缘128之间的钉仓通道122的宽度可大于从第二柄部104延伸的上部夹具构件或砧座130的宽度。在至少一个实施例中,凸缘128之间的距离可被构造成在缝合器械为进行手术而被组装时允许在侧面凸缘128之间接纳砧座130的至少一部分。如图2所示,每个侧面凸缘128均可包括例如凹口或凹陷127,其可被构造成接纳例如从砧座130和/或第二柄部104的任何其他合适的部分延伸的一个或多个闩锁凸起131,如下文更详细地进一步描述。
如上文指出,再次参见图1-3,钉仓通道122可被构造成例如在端部执行器120内支承和/或保持钉仓,例如钉仓150,其中钉仓可包括可取出地存放于其中的一个或多个缝钉(未示出)。在多种实施例中,参见图8-10,钉仓150可包括一个或多个钉腔151,其可采用任何合适的方式配置来存放缝钉,例如采用例如至少两个横向间隔的纵排的形式。在至少一个实施例中,参见图9和10,钉仓150可包括钉仓主体152和底盘或保持器154,其中钉仓主体152和/或底盘154可被构造成限定用于在其中可滑动地接纳缝钉滑轨和/或切割构件的通道或通路。在至少一个实施例中,底盘154可例如包括柔性臂155,其可被构造成以扣合和/或压合结构来接合钉仓主体152。参见图10-12,钉仓150还可包括缝钉滑轨组件160,其可包括缝钉滑轨部分162,此外还包括切割构件164。在多种实施例中,切割构件164可例如包括刀刃165和锁臂166,其中锁臂166可被构造成在切割构件164组装到缝钉滑轨部分162时被压合和/或扣合进缝钉滑轨162中的孔163内。在其他多个实施例中,缝钉滑轨部分162可整体模制到切割构件164上。
除了上文所述,参见图8-10,钉仓主体152可包括狭槽,举例来说如狭槽156,其可被构造成在其中接纳切割构件164的至少一部分,和/或缝钉滑轨组件160以及推杆组件200(在下面进行讨论)的任何其他部分,其中狭槽156可被构造成允许切割构件164在钉仓150内的第一和第二位置之间运动。在多种实施例中,狭槽156可被构造成例如允许切割构件164在近侧位置(图10)和远侧位置之间运动以便切割定位在钉仓150和砧座130中间的组织。再次参见图10-12,缝钉滑轨部分162可包括凸轮、滑道或致动器表面167,其可被构造成接合定位在钉仓150内的缝钉驱动器。在多种实施例中,参见图9,钉仓150可包括缝钉驱动器168,其可通过滑座部分162在钉腔151内向上提起或滑动,使得缝钉驱动器168的向上运动可顶出或调配至少部分地设置在钉腔151内的缝钉。虽然缝钉驱动器168事实上可垂直向上提起,但术语“向上”等等可表示例如使缝钉驱动器168例如朝钉仓的顶面即平台158和/或朝砧座130运动。在某些实施例中,如图9所示,每个缝钉驱动器168可包括以与凸轮表面167相同的角度和/或任何其他合适的角度取向的一个或多个倾斜表面169,其可在缝钉滑轨162和缝钉驱动器168之间提供相对平坦或至少基本上平坦的滑动接触表面。在多种实施例中,缝钉驱动器可被构造成仅调配一个缝钉,而在某些实施例中,缝钉驱动器可被构造成例如同时调配位于相邻排中的两个或多个缝钉。其他装置在提交于2008年2月13日的名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT WITH IMPROVED FIRINGTRIGGER ARRANGEMENT”(带有改进的击发扳机装置的外科缝合器械)的美国专利申请No.12/030,424中有所公开,该专利申请的全部公开内容以引用的方式并入本文。
在多种实施例中,如上所述,外科缝合器械可包括被构造成切割组织和调配钉仓中的缝钉的切割构件/缝钉滑轨组件。然而,在某些实施例中,外科缝合器械可能不需要或不包括切割构件。在至少一个这种实施例中,钉仓可包括设置在其中的缝钉滑轨,并且/或者外科器械可被构造成使缝钉滑轨移至钉仓内以便缝合组织,而例如不另外将组织切开。在某些其他实施例中,钉仓可包括定位在其中的缝钉滑轨,其中外科器械可包括可移至钉仓内或相对于钉仓运动的切割构件。在至少一个这种实施例中,切割构件可行进至与缝钉滑轨接触,使得切割构件和缝钉滑轨可一起被推进。其后,可以充分地退回切割构件以允许钉仓脱离外科器械并由具有新缝钉滑轨的新钉仓替代。当缝钉滑轨在使用过程中可能被磨损或变形时此类实施例可能是可用的。可预想到其他实施例,其中钉仓可包括定位在其中的切割构件,其中外科器械可包括可移至钉仓内或可相对于钉仓运动的缝钉滑轨。在至少一个这种实施例中,与上文所述类似,缝钉滑轨可行进至与切割构件接触,使得切割构件和缝钉滑轨可一起被推进。其后,可以充分地退回缝钉滑轨以允许钉仓脱离外科器械并由具有新切割构件的新钉仓所替代。当切割构件在使用过程中可能被磨损或变形时此类实施例可能是可用的。在多种实施例中,如下文更详细描述,钉仓可包括保护壳体或覆盖件,其被构造成能防止或至少降低例如当外科医生或其他临床医生抓握钉仓时触摸设置在钉仓中的切割构件的可能性。
在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,钉仓通道122和/或钉仓150例如可包括例如一个或多个配合的凸起和/或凹陷,其可被构造成使钉仓150可动地保持在钉仓通道122内。在多种实施例中,一旦将钉仓150插入钉仓通道122内,就可将第一柄部102组装到第二柄部104上。在其他多个实施例中,第一和第二柄部组装在一起之后可将钉仓插入钉仓通道内。无论哪一种情况,参见图1-7,第一柄部102和第二柄部104可分别包括近端103和105,其可被组装在一起,使得第一柄部和第二柄部可被旋转或枢转地彼此联接。在多种实施例中,参见图2和3,第一柄部102可包括从中延伸的一个或多个销或凸起111,其可被构造成滑动地接纳于第二柄部104中的一个或多个凹槽、沟槽或狭槽115内。在某些实施例中,狭槽115可被限定于第二柄部支架114中并且凸起111可从例如近端柱107(其从第一柄部支架110延伸)延伸。为了组装第一柄部102和第二柄部104,参见图4,狭槽115的开口端可与凸起111对准,使得例如第二柄部104可相对于第一柄部102平移,并且凸起111可在狭槽115内滑动。在至少一个实施例中,如图2和3所示,狭槽115的开口端可相对于其闭合端位于近侧。在至少一个这种实施例中,第二柄部104的近端105可相对于第一柄部102的近端103定位在远侧,使得第二柄部104可向近侧运动以便将凸起111定位在狭槽115内。在多种其他情况下,第一柄部102可相对于第二柄部104定位在近侧并向远侧滑动以便将凸起111定位在狭槽115内。
在多种实施例中,参见图5,第二柄部104可朝第一柄部102旋转,使得砧座130可相对于钉仓150和/或钉仓通道122运动就位。在某些实施例中,第一柄部102可朝第二柄部104旋转和/或第一和第二柄部可朝彼此旋转。在任何情况下,凸起111和狭槽115彼此接合时可构成枢轴,第一和第二柄部的一者或两者可相对于彼此绕该枢轴动作。在多种实施例中,第二柄部104可相对于第一柄部102运动,使得砧座130移至与钉仓150紧密相对的位置。在某些实施例中,参见图6,第二柄部104可相对于第一柄部102运动,使得从第二柄部104延伸的闩锁凸起131可与第一柄部102内的凹陷127对准和/或插入凹陷127内。在多种实施例中,主要参见图2和3,第一柄部102还可包括可旋转地安装于其上的闭锁机构180,其可用于接合从第二柄部104延伸的闩锁凸起131并将第一和第二柄部固定在一起。虽然未作图示,但可预见到其他实施例,其中闭锁机构可旋转地安装于第二柄部并且闩锁凸起可从第一柄部延伸。在任何情况下,在至少一个实施例中,闭锁机构180可通过一个或多个枢轴销182安装于第一支架110,枢轴销182可被构造成限定闩锁180能够绕其旋转的轴线。
在某些实施例中,现在参见图4和5,闭锁机构180可包括闩锁支架184,此外还包括组装至闩锁支架184的闩锁覆盖件186。在其他多个实施例中,闩锁覆盖件和闩锁支架可构成整体单元,或在某些实施例中,闭锁机构可能甚至不包括覆盖件。在某些实施例中,闩锁支架184可为通道形状并且可包括一对相对的细长侧壁185,其以足以跨越第一支架部分110的距离间隔开。在至少一个实施例中,闩锁覆盖件186可例如由塑性轻质材料和/或任何其他合适的材料制成,而闩锁支架184可例如由不锈钢和/或任何其他合适的材料制成。在某些实施例中,当闭锁机构180关闭时,如图7所示,闩锁覆盖件186可与第一柄部覆盖件108对准。闩锁覆盖件186可包括轮廓部分187,其可被构造成有助于外科医生操作外科器械100,其中在至少一个实施例中,轮廓部分187可与从第一柄部覆盖件108延伸的突出部109对准或至少基本上与其对准。闭锁机构180还可包括从中延伸的一个或多个闩锁臂188,其可被构造成接合从第二柄部104延伸的一个或多个闩锁凸起131并将凸起131拉引和/或固定于凹陷127内,如图7所示。在至少一个实施例中,至少一个闩锁臂188可与闩锁支架184一体地形成。在某些实施例中,参见图6,至少一个闩锁臂188可包括远端钩189,其可被构造成环绕凸起131的至少一部分,以包围或包裹、或至少部分地包围或包裹凸起131。在至少一个实施例中,闩锁臂188可充当偏心闩锁以使闭锁机构180保持在其锁闭或关闭位置。
在使用中,在多种情况下,第一柄部102和第二柄部104的一者可定位在手术部位内的组织的第一侧,同时另一柄部可转到所述组织的对侧就位。在此类实施例中,钉仓150可定位在组织的一侧并且砧座130可定位在组织的另一侧。此后,亦如上文所作概述,可致动闭锁机构180使得其可在打开位置和关闭位置之间运动,以便将第二柄部104锁闭至第一柄部102并对设置在钉仓150和砧座130之间的组织施加夹紧力。在某些情况下,闭锁机构180可在打开位置(图5)、部分关闭或中间位置(图6)和关闭位置(图7)。在至少一个这种实施例中,参见图5和6,闭锁机构180可在其中闩锁臂188未与凸起131接合的打开位置和其中闩锁臂188与凸起131接合的部分关闭位置之间运动,使得尽管已使砧座130至少部分地与钉仓150相对,但砧座130和钉仓150之间可留有足够间隙,从而可允许例如端部执行器120相对于组织重新定位。一旦砧座130和钉仓150已相对于组织充分地定位,闭锁机构180就可在其部分关闭位置和关闭位置之间运动,如图7所示。
在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,外科缝合器械还可包括偏置构件,其可被构造成使缝合器械的第一柄部偏离第二柄部。在至少一个实施例中,如下文更详细地进一步描述,弹簧和/或任何具有合适回弹力的材料能够设置在第一和第二柄部之间,使得缝合器械的砧座和钉仓可彼此偏离。在某些实施例中,弹簧可被构造成至少部分地分离第一和第二柄部,使得砧座和钉仓之间存在间隙,其中间隙可足以使组织能够设置在其间。在使用中,外科医生可定位此类外科缝合器械,而不必使第一和第二柄部分离并保持彼此分开。当缝合器械处于部分闭合构型并且外科医生正在手术部位内操作该器械时,此类器械可能特别有效。在外科医生对缝合器械的定位感到满意之后,外科医生可压缩弹簧和/或使弹簧分离并将缝合器械布置成闭合构型。
在多种情况下,如上面所概述,第一柄部102的远端可相对于第二柄部104的远端运动,特别是在闭锁机构180与第二柄部104的凸起131未接合或仅部分地接合时。在此类情况下,位于第一和第二柄部近端的凸起111和狭槽115可被构造成例如当第一和第二柄部的远端相对于彼此运动时使至少第一和第二柄部的近端保持在一起。换句话讲,凸起111和狭槽115可相配合以防止或至少阻碍第一柄部102与第二柄部104完全分离。在某些实施例中,第一柄部可包括第一锁扣部,同时第二柄部可包括第二锁扣部,其中第一和第二锁扣部可被构造成彼此接合并防止第一柄部与第二柄部完全分离。在至少一个实施例中,凸起111可构成第一锁扣部并且狭槽115可构成第二锁扣部。先前的缝合器械缺少此类锁扣部,相反其依靠唯一的闭锁机构使第一和第二柄部保持在一起。在这样的情况下,其中这些先前的缝合器械的闭锁机构未与第一和第二柄部两者完全接合,第一和第二柄部可能会彼此完全分离,因此例如需要外科医生重新定位并重新组装柄部。在某些情况下,这些之前缝钉的第一和第二柄部的完全分离可暴露切割构件的至少一部分。
在多种实施例中,如上面所概述,闭锁机构180可被构造成在打开位置、部分关闭位置和关闭位置之间运动。当闭锁机构180位于其打开位置时,亦如上文所作概述,凸起111可插入狭槽115中和/或从狭槽115中退出。当闭锁机构180位于其部分关闭位置时,参见图6,闩锁臂188可被构造成接合闩锁凸起131,使得无法从狭槽115中退出凸起111。在至少一个这种实施例中,闩锁臂188和闩锁凸起131可被构造成能防止或至少阻碍第二柄部104相对于第一柄部102向远侧运动,并因此防止或至少阻碍凸起111从狭槽115脱开。相应地,闩锁臂188和闩锁凸起131可被构造成能防止第一柄部102相对于第一柄部104向近侧运动。与上文所述类似,在多种实施例中,闩锁臂188和闩锁凸起131也可被构造成当闭锁机构180位于其关闭位置(图7)时防止或至少阻碍凸起111。在某些实施例中,除了上文所述,闩锁凸起131可在位于其近端和远端中间的位置从第二柄部104延伸。在至少一个这种实施例中,凸起111和狭槽115可被构造成使第一和第二柄部在其近端保持在一起,而闭锁机构180可用于使第一和第二柄部在中间位置保持在一起。在任何情况下,在某些实施例中,第一和第二柄部均无法彼此脱开,除非闭锁机构180被移至其完全打开位置。在至少一个这种实施例中,当闭锁机构180位于关闭和/或部分关闭位置时,凸起111和狭槽115无法从彼此脱开。
砧座130和钉仓150一旦被充分定位,设置在砧座130和钉仓150中间的组织就可被缝合和/或切割。在多种实施例中,参见图3,外科缝合器械100还可包括推杆组件200,其可被构造成例如使缝钉滑轨组件160在钉仓150内推进和/或退回。在至少一个实施例中,推杆组件200可包括推杆202和击发致动器204,其中击发致动器204可被构造成使推杆202和缝钉滑轨组件160向远侧运动以从钉仓150调配缝钉并使缝钉靠在砧座130上变形,如上所述。在至少一个实施例中,参见图11和12,缝钉滑轨162可包括凹槽、通道或狭槽161,其可被构造成接纳推杆202的远端201(图3)并且能够以可操作方式连接到远端201。在某些实施例中,将钉仓150插入钉仓通道122中时,缝钉滑轨组件160能够以可操作方式与推杆202接合。在至少一个实施例中,远端201和狭槽161可包括配合结构,其可使远端201和狭槽161能够在横向上组装,但防止或至少阻碍远端201和狭槽161在近侧方向和/或远侧方向上彼此分离。在其他实施例中,推杆202在接触并接合缝钉滑轨组件160之前可向远侧推进。在至少一个这种实施例中,缝钉滑轨组件160可保持静止,直至被推杆202接触到为止。在任何情况下,如上文所概述,致动器204能够被以可操作方式连接到推杆202,使得推力和/或拉力可被施加于致动器204并传递到推杆202。在某些实施例中,如下面更详细描述的,致动器204可被可枢转地连接到推杆202的近端203,使得致动器204可在至少第一和第二位置之间有选择地旋转。
除了上文所述,参见图1、13和14,致动器204可在外科缝合器械100(图13)的第一侧面116上的第一位置、第二侧面117(图14)上的第二位置以及位于第一柄部102的近端103和第二柄部104的近端105的中间位置(图1)之间运动。一旦使致动器204在第一侧面116和第二侧面117的一者上转到位置,就可将致动器204向远侧推进。在多种情况下,因此,外科医生可选择是使致动器204沿着第一侧面116还是第二侧面117向远侧运动。可能会出现此类情况:例如当致动器204沿着外科器械的一侧向远侧运动时,与另一侧相比,此时致动器204更可能紧密接触到手术部位周围的组织上。在多种实施例中,参见图2和3,致动器204可包括从中延伸的臂206,其中臂206可以被可枢转地安装于推杆202的近端203。在某些实施例中,再次参见图1、13和14,外科器械100可包括沿着第一侧面116延伸的第一狭槽(未示出)和沿着第二侧面117延伸的第二狭槽118,其中第一和第二狭槽可被构造成滑动地接纳致动器204的至少一部分。在至少一个实施例中,第一和第二狭槽的侧壁可限制或至少帮助限制致动器204的运动,使得其可沿着预定路径运动。参见图14,第二狭槽118例如可被限定于第一柄部102和第二柄部104之间,使得当致动器204沿着第二侧面117向远侧运动时,致动器204的臂206可在第一和第二柄部中间滑动。与上文所述类似,第一狭槽也可被限定于第一和第二柄部中间。在多种实施例中,再次参见图13和14,外科器械100还可包括中间狭槽119,其也可被构造成使臂206和/或致动器204的任何其他合适部分能够在其中滑动。在至少一个这种实施例中,中间狭槽119可连接第一和第二狭槽,使得当致动器204定位在其中间位置时,致动器204可被移入第一和第二位置中的任何一者。在某些实施例中,第一狭槽、第二狭槽117和中间狭槽119可彼此平行或至少基本上平行和/或位于相同平面内,然而可预想到其他实施例,其中狭槽中的一者或多者与其他狭槽不平行和/或位于不同平面内。此外,尽管图示实施例的第一和第二侧面位于外科器械100的相对侧上,但可预想到其他实施例,其中第一和第二狭槽例如位于相邻侧面和/或彼此不正对的侧面上。此外,可预想到其他实施例,其中缝合器械的侧面不易于分辨,例如具有圆形和/或弧形部分的器械。
在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,外科缝合器械100还可包括锁定机构,其可防止或至少阻碍致动器204和相应的缝钉滑轨组件160过早被推进。在至少一个实施例中,锁定机构可被构造成在闭锁机构180进入关闭或至少部分关闭位置之前防止或至少阻碍致动器204向远侧推进。在某些实施例中,总体参见图5,外科缝合器械100还可包括锁定机构220,其可与致动器204接合并可在闭锁机构180处于完全打开位置(图5)和/或至少基本上打开位置时仍然与致动器204接合。在多种实施例中,锁定机构220可包括锁扣222,其可在例如由锁簧224施加至其上的偏置力作用下偏压至与致动器204接合。在至少一个这种实施例中,致动器204可包括一个或多个凹槽、通道或狭槽(未示出),其可被构造成接纳锁扣222的至少一部分。在使用中,锁定机构220可使致动器204固定就位,直至闭锁机构180进入其完全关闭位置(图7)和/或至少基本上关闭位置。在此类情况下,在至少一个实施例中,闭锁机构180可被构造成接合锁定机构220并使锁扣222从致动器204脱开。在至少一个这种实施例中,参见图5-7,闭锁机构180还可包括凸轮183,其可被构造成当闭锁机构180进入其关闭位置时接合锁扣222上的凸轮表面223,并因此使锁扣222从致动器204滑开和/或以其他方式移开。在多种实施例中,凸轮183可包括从闩锁覆盖件186和/或闩锁支架184延伸的壁、肋和/或脊。在任何情况下,一旦锁扣222充分从致动器204脱开,在至少一个实施例中,致动器204就可从图1所示的其中间位置进入图13和14所示的其第一和第二位置之一。
如上所述,锁定机构220可被构造成例如在闭锁机构180进入例如关闭位置和/或部分关闭位置等预定位置之前,防止或至少阻碍驱动杆202向远侧推进。有利的是,锁定机构220也可在将第一柄部102和第二柄部104组装在一起之前,防止或至少阻碍缝钉滑轨组件160推进。事实上,锁定机构220可防止定位在砧座130和钉仓150中间的组织在砧座130和钉仓150相对于该组织正确定位之前被切割和/或缝合。另外,事实上,锁定机构220可防止缝钉在对组织施加适当的夹紧力之前被调配至组织。在任何情况下,当闭锁机构180返回其完全打开位置和/或部分打开位置时,凸轮183可从锁扣222移开,使得锁扣弹簧124可再一次将锁扣222偏压至与致动器204接合。在多个其他实施例中,参见图15和16,锁定机构220’可包括具有凸轮表面223’的锁扣222’,此外还包括可限制锁扣222’的相对运动的止挡226’。在至少一个实施例中,凸轮183例如可被构造成能够接触到凸轮表面223’,并且由于凸轮表面223’的带轮廓的、斜切的和/或倾斜的表面,凸轮183可被构造成向远侧推动锁扣222’,如图16所示。可向远侧驱动锁扣222’,使得从锁扣222’延伸的销228’可在第一位置(图15)和第二位置(图16)之间运动,其中位于第一位置时其定位在致动器204’的孔229’内,而位于第二位置时销228’已从孔229’充分退出。在多种实施例中,止挡226’可被构造成使得向远侧驱动锁扣222’时,一旦锁扣222’充分移位,止挡226’就可与凸轮183接触。在此类实施例中,止挡226’可被构造成控制锁扣222’的第二位置即已移位的位置。与上文所述类似,当致动器180移出其关闭位置并且凸轮183已脱开锁定机构220’时,锁簧224’可再次使锁扣222’移至与致动器204’接合。
在多种实施例中,如上所述,可利用击发致动器在第一和第二位置之间运动推杆、缝钉滑轨和/或切割构件。如上另外所述,推杆组件200例如可用于例如在近侧位置(图10)和远侧位置之间运动缝钉滑轨组件,例如缝钉滑轨组件160。在某些实施例中,诸如钉仓150之类的钉仓例如可包括包含在其中的缝钉滑轨组件160,其中缝钉滑轨组件160可在钉仓组装至钉仓通道122或插入钉仓通道122内时定位在近侧位置,如图10所示。在至少一个这种实施例中,参见图8-10,钉仓150还可包括壳体170,其可被构造成例如当缝钉滑轨组件160位于其近侧位置时覆盖切割构件164的至少一部分。在多种实施例中,壳体170可被构造成例如在抓握钉仓时、将钉仓插入外科缝合器和/或将外科缝合器的两个或更多个部分组装在一起时对外科医生进行保护。在至少一个这种实施例中,刀刃165的至少上部可伸到钉仓150的平台或顶面158之上,并且如果缺少保护壳体例如壳体170,刀刃165的上部可能会外露。
在多种实施例中,如上所述,切割构件165可至少部分地设置在狭槽或通道156内,并且如图10所示,切割构件164的至少上部或顶部可延伸到平台158以上。在至少一个实施例中,参见图8-10,壳体170可包括从钉仓主体152的第一部分157延伸的第一侧壁或部分172,从钉仓主体152的第二部分159延伸的第二侧壁或部分174,以及在第一侧壁172和第二侧壁174之间延伸的顶壁或顶部176。在某些实施例中,壳体可包括仅一个从钉仓主体延伸的支承壁或支承部分,此外还包括从其延伸的顶壁或顶部。在其他实施例中,壳体可包括一个或多个侧壁或部分,并且不包括顶壁。在至少一个这种实施例中,壳体的侧壁可被构造成例如使得它们延伸到切割构件的顶部以上,或至少延伸到切割构件的刀刃以上。在任何情况下,如图10所示,当缝钉滑轨组件160位于其近侧位置时,切割构件164的至少一部分能够设置在顶壁176下面和/或侧壁172和174之间。在某些实施例中,切割构件164可完全设置在顶壁176下面,和/或完全设置在壳体170内。在至少一个实施例中,切割构件164能够设置在顶壁176下面,使得切割面165不延伸于顶壁176的远侧边缘175和/或近侧边缘177之外。在至少一个实施例中,壳体170可包括后壁178,其可被构造成限制缝钉滑轨组件160的切割构件164和/或任何其他部分的近侧运动。在多种实施例中,壳体170的至少一部分例如可与钉仓主体152一体地形成。在至少一个这种实施例中,当钉仓主体152例如注射成型时,可形成第一侧壁172、第二侧壁174、顶壁176和/或后壁178。在某些实施例中,壳体170的至少一部分可通过扣合装配、压合装配和/或任何其他合适的方式组装至钉仓主体152。
在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,切割构件164可由平坦或至少基本上平坦的主体限定,该主体具有沿着切割构件主体的至少一侧延伸的刀口。在至少一个这种实施例中,第一侧壁172和/或第二侧壁174可被构造和布置成使得它们可包括平坦或至少基本上平坦的内表面173,其与切割构件164的侧面平行或至少基本上平行。在某些实施例中,可在侧壁172和174的内表面173之间贴近地接纳切割构件164。在至少一个这种实施例中,壁172和174之间的距离可与狭槽156的宽度相同或至少基本上相同。在任何情况下,壳体可被构造成使得例如壳体的至少一部分延伸到狭槽156的至少一部分上方。在某些实施例中,壳体170可完全包封或包裹切割构件164和/或切割面165。在至少一个实施例中(未作图示),壳体可包括可断开和/或可切割部分,其可至少部分地分离、分隔和/或以其他方式变形,以便允许切割构件退出壳体。在至少一个这种实施例中,组织切割面可被构造成例如与壳体接触以断开和/或切割壳体壁。在多种实施例中,壳体壁可包括薄的部分、厚度减小部分、划痕和/或任何其他构型以便于壳体壁的变形和/或切割。在某些实施例中,切割构件例如可包括一个或多个额外的切割面和/或砧座,其可被构造成使壳体变形和/或切割壳体。在至少一个实施例中,壳体可包括活动的和/或柔韧的部分,例如铰接构件和/或柔韧的翼,其可被构造成充分运动和/或折曲以使切割构件能够通过。在任何情况下,可预想到这样的实施例,其中切割构件可具有切割组织的任何合适构型,并且保护壳体可具有至少部分地包封或包裹切割构件的任何合适构型。此外,尽管切割构件可具有上述尖锐刀刃,但可预想到其他合适的切割构件,例如那些供给足以切开组织的电流的切割构件。
如上所述,壳体170可被构造成当它处于其近侧位置时至少部分地覆盖、包封和/或包裹切割构件。在多种实施例中,切割构件例如可向远侧推进以切割组织,并且随后向近侧退回以便再次将切割构件定位在壳体170内。在此类实施例中,将钉仓组装至外科缝合器械以及从外科缝合器械中取出钉仓时,切割构件可至少部分地被壳体170覆盖。在某些实施例中,新的或未用完的钉仓可插入钉仓通道内以替换至少部分用尽的钉仓。在至少一个这种实施例中,新钉仓可包括设置在其中的新切割构件和/或缝钉滑轨组件,但可预想到这样的实施例,其中之前使用的切割构件和/或缝钉滑轨组件可从用尽的钉仓充分退出并推进至新钉仓以便再次使用。在其中每个新钉仓均设有新切割构件和/或缝钉滑轨组件的实施例中,每个钉仓可使用例如尖锐的刀刃。
在多种实施例中,尽管未示出,但钉仓可包括两个或更多个壳体,其被构造成当钉仓处于两个或更多个位置时至少部分地覆盖切割构件。在至少一个实施例中,钉仓可包括近侧壳体,其被构造成例如当钉仓处于其近侧位置时至少部分地覆盖切割构件,并且此外还包括远侧壳体,其被构造成例如当钉仓处于其远侧位置时至少部分地覆盖切割构件。在至少一个这种实施例中,将钉仓组装至外科缝合器械时切割构件能够设置在近侧壳体内,并且在某些实施例中,切割构件在横切了例如定位在端部执行器内的组织之后可被推进至远侧壳体内。在此类实施例中,因此,当从外科缝合器中取出钉仓时,切割构件可至少部分地设置在远侧壳体内。当血管例如定位在钉仓的近侧壳体和远侧壳体中间时,此类实施例可能特别有效。在多种实施例中(未作图示),切割构件可从远侧位置向近侧移至近侧位置,和/或任何其他合适的位置。
在多种实施例中,如上文所述,可将钉仓150插入钉仓通道122内。现在参见图38,钉仓150的近端213能够设置在钉仓通道122的近端123内,而钉仓150的远端211能够设置在钉仓通道122的远端121内。在至少一个实施例中,钉仓通道122的远端121可包括一个或多个凸起和/或一个或多个凹陷,所述一个或多个凸起和/或一个或多个凹陷可例如相应地与钉仓150的远端211的一个或多个凸起和/或一个或多个凹陷对准。在至少一个这种实施例中,钉仓通道122的每个侧壁124可包括凸起或凸块279以及凹陷或狭槽278,其中钉仓150的每个侧面可包括(参见图41)凸起274和另外的凹陷270,所述凸起274被构造为设置在凹陷278内,所述凹陷270被构造为接纳凸起279。在多种实施例中,钉仓150的每个凹陷270可包括相对的侧壁272和273以及远侧表面271,其中当钉仓150设置在钉仓通道122中时,远侧表面271可靠着设置于其中的凸起279进行设置。在多种情况下,如下文更详细所述,凹陷270的远侧表面271可充当基准面,可从所述基准面预定钉仓150的某些特征。在一些情况下,可在钉仓150的近端213插入钉仓通道122的近端123内之前将钉仓150的远端211与钉仓通道122的远端121对准和/或插入钉仓通道122的远端121内。例如,钉仓通道150的远端211可与钉仓通道122对准以使得凸起279设置在凹陷270内,其中随后可朝钉仓通道122来摇动或旋转钉仓150以使得钉仓150的近端213插入钉仓通道122的近端123内。
当钉仓150的远端211与钉仓通道122的远端121接合时,如上文所述,可通过将凸起274钩挂在钉仓通道122的凸起278下面来将钉仓150的凸起274插入钉仓通道122的凹陷279内。在这种情况下,凸起274和278以及凹陷270和279的共同配合可将钉仓150的远端211附接至钉仓122的远端并且另外可将钉仓150与钉仓通道122对准,以使得钉仓150可插入钉仓通道122的侧壁124之间。一旦钉仓150的远端211已钩挂至钉仓通道122,钉仓150和钉仓通道122中的至少一者就可朝另一者进行旋转。在多种情况下,再次参见38和41,钉仓150可朝钉仓通道122进行枢转以使得钉仓通道150中的对准狭槽280变得与侧面凸缘128对准。在多种实施例中,钉仓150可包括位于其相对侧面上的对准狭槽280,所述对准狭槽280可各自被构造为接纳侧面凸缘128。在至少一个实施例中,各个对准狭槽280可包括横向侧壁283和284以及在侧壁283和284之间延伸的基壁281。除了上文所述,可测量从凹陷270的远侧基准面271到对准狭槽280的远侧侧壁281的预定距离289。现在参见图39和41,凸起279的远端和侧面凸缘128的远端之间的预定距离288可短于凹陷270的远侧表面271和对准狭槽280的基壁281之间的距离289。由于距离288短于距离289,因此钉仓150可旋转就位(如上文所述)以使得侧面凸缘128可进入对准狭槽280。在多种实施例中,对准狭槽280可构造成且其尺寸形成为使得侧面凸缘128被贴近地接纳在侧壁283和284之间,使得例如在侧面凸缘128和对准狭槽280的侧壁之间存在极少(如果有的话)的相对运动。
在多种替代实施例中,除了上文所述,可将钉仓150的近端213插入钉仓通道122的远端121内并且在侧壁124之间向近侧滑动,以使得钉仓通道150的近端213进入钉仓通道122的近端123。在这种滑动运动期间,侧面凸缘128可进入对准狭槽280,并且另外凸起279可进入凹陷270。在某些实施例中,可将钉仓150滑动和旋转到钉仓通道122内。在任何情况下,在多种实施例中,钉仓150和钉仓通道122可被构造为使得钉仓150能够可拆卸地固定在钉仓通道122内。在至少一个实施例中,现在主要参见图41和46,钉仓150可包括一个或多个保持特征,所述一个或多个保持特征可被构造为以可脱开的方式接合钉仓通道122中的一个或多个保持特征。更具体地讲,在至少一个这种实施例中,钉仓150可包括一个或多个保持狭槽190,所述一个或多个保持狭槽190可被构造为接合钉仓通道122中的一个或多个保持键195。在多种实施例中,再次参见图41,各个保持狭槽190可包括第一或入口部分191和另外的第二部分192,所述第一或入口部分191可被构造为在其中接纳保持键195,所述第二部分192可被构造为在保持键195穿过入口部分191之后接纳该保持键195。在某些实施例中,入口部分191可限定位于保持狭槽190的近侧侧面193和远侧侧面194之间的第一宽度,并且另外第二部分192可限定位于近侧侧面193和远侧侧面194之间的第二宽度,所述第二宽度宽于入口部分191的第一宽度。在多种实施例中,入口部分191的第一宽度可窄于保持健195的宽度,并且第二部分192的第二宽度可宽于保持健195的宽度。在至少一个这种实施例中,保持狭槽190可被构造为以压合和/或扣合方式中的至少一种来接合保持键195。在某些实施例中,近侧侧面193和/或远侧侧面194中的至少一者可能够在将保持键195插入保持狭槽190内时向外挠曲或扩张。在至少一个这种实施例中,近侧侧面193可向近侧移位。在任何情况下,参见图46,一旦保持狭槽190已接纳保持键195,则保持狭槽190的近侧侧面193就能够设置在保持键195的近侧侧面196上并且保持狭槽190的远侧侧面194就能够设置在保持键195的远侧侧面197上。
如上文所概述,可通过将钉仓150的远端211耦接至钉仓通道122的远端121并且随后将钉仓150的近端213旋转到钉仓通道122的近端123内来将钉仓150装配到钉仓通道122内。在至少一个这种实施例中,保持狭槽190可能够在钉仓195旋转到其在钉仓通道122的就位位置内时接合保持键195。现在参见图39,凹陷270的远侧基准面271和保持狭槽190之间的预定距离199可构造成并且其尺寸形成为使得当钉仓150旋转就位(如上文所述)时保持狭槽190与保持键195对准。因此,在至少一个实施例中,凸起279和保持键195的远端之间的距离可等于、或至少基本上等于距离199。在多种情况下,上述距离可被测量至包括保持狭槽190和保持键195的特征的中心。例如,距离199可被测量至例如位于狭槽190的近侧侧壁和远侧侧壁中间的中心处的位置。在多种实施例中,保持狭槽190还可包括可被构造为将保持键195导向或引导到保持狭槽190内的引入、倾斜、和/或圆角表面。在至少一个这种实施例中,这些引入表面可宽于第一部分191。
当钉仓150旋转到钉仓122内时,设置在钉仓150内的切割构件和/或缝钉调配滑轨能够以可操作方式与推杆202接合。更具体地讲,现在参见图43-45,钉仓150可包括切割构件160,所述切割构件160能够以可操作方式与推杆202接合以使得在钉仓150已设置在钉仓通道122内之后,推杆202和切割构件160可一起推进,如上文所述。在至少一个实施例中,切割构件160可包括狭槽161,所述狭槽161可被构造为接纳推杆202的远端处的远侧驱动凸起294(图39)。更具体地讲,现在参见图47,切割构件160的狭槽161可与钉仓150底面中的接入狭槽290对准以使得当钉仓150的近端213设置在钉仓通道122的近端123中时,推杆200的驱动凸起294可穿过接入狭槽290延伸到切割构件160的狭槽161内。在多种实施例中,狭槽161和驱动凸起294可构造成并且其尺寸形成为使得在两者间存在极少(如果有的话)的相对运动。更具体地讲,再次参见图44和45,狭槽161可包括远侧侧壁291和近侧侧壁292,其中驱动凸起294可固定地接纳在侧壁291和292之间。在多种实施例中,再次参见图39和46,推杆202还可包括相对于驱动凸起294设置在近侧的凹陷或狭槽295,其中狭槽295可被构造为接纳从切割构件160延伸的近侧凸起293(图43)。类似于上文所述,可通过侧壁来限定狭槽295,所述侧壁可被构造为贴近地接纳近侧凸起293以使得两者间存在极少(如果有的话)的相对运动。
如上文所述,切割构件160的狭槽161能够设置在钉仓150内以使得其在钉仓150设置在钉仓通道122内时与推杆202的驱动凸起294对准。现在参见图42,可在凹陷270的远侧表面271和狭槽161之间限定预定距离299,其中距离299可等于或至少基本上等于凸起279的远端和驱动凸起294之间的预定距离297。在多种情况下,切割构件160可在最近侧位置(其设置在壳体170中的位置)和最远侧位置(其已通过切割狭槽156进行推进后)之间的位置范围上进行运动。在多种实施例中,可在切割构件160处于其最近侧位置时相对于该切割构件160来测量距离299。类似于上文所述,距离297和299可分别测量至驱动凸起297和狭槽161的中心或中点。在多种实施例中,外科器械100还可包括锁定机构,所述锁定机构可能够在切割构件160与驱动凸起294接合时来将推杆202保持就位。类似于上文所述,在某些实施例中,可在凸起279的远端和推杆202的凹陷295之间限定距离298,其中距离298可等于或至少基本上等于凹陷270的远侧表面271和切割构件160的凸起293之间的距离。在多种实施例中,现在主要参见图43和46,钉仓150可包括限定在钉仓主体152的近端295和钉仓底盘154的近端294之间的间隙区域,其中这种间隙区域可被构造为(例如)在其中接纳推杆202和/或钉仓通道122的一部分。在任何情况下,一旦推杆202已与切割构件160接合就可将向远侧推进,其中这种运动示于图46,该图示出了(例如)处于近侧位置(以实线示出)和第二、远侧位置(以虚线示出)的推杆202的远端201。
在多种实施例中,如上文所述,可将钉仓150的远端211与钉仓通道122的远端121接合并且随后枢转到钉仓通道122内,以使得钉仓150的近端213能够设置在钉仓通道122的近端123内。此过程可包括将钉仓150的凸起274接合在钉仓通道122的凸起276下面并且随后如上文所述来旋转钉仓150直至对准狭槽280设置在凸缘182附近。此时,在多种实施例中,切割构件160可未与推杆202接合,并且另外保持狭槽190可未与保持键195接合。因此,外科医生或临床医生可在将钉仓150锁定就位之前来调整钉仓150在钉仓通道122内的位置。一旦侧面凸缘182已至少部分地设置在对准狭槽280内,近端213就可进一步地朝钉仓通道122旋转。此时,切割构件160可实现与推杆202的可操作接合,并且另外保持狭槽190可接合保持键195。在多种实施例中,切割构件160能够与保持狭槽接合保持键195同时地或基本上同时地以可操作方式接合推杆202。更具体地讲,在至少一个实施例中,在保持键195进入或按扣到狭槽190的第二部分192内的同时,推杆202的驱动凸起294可进入切割构件160的狭槽161。在至少一个这种实施例中,直到钉仓150按扣或设置就位才可通过推杆202来推进切割构件160。在某些替代实施例中,当钉仓150的近端213设置到钉仓通道122的近端123内时,切割构件160能够在保持键195完全设置到保持狭槽190内之前与推杆202以可操作方式接合。在多种实施例中,保持狭槽190可彼此对准以使得它们同时地或至少基本上同时地接合保持键195。在至少一个这种实施例中,保持狭槽可被构造为使得保持键195同时进入保持狭槽190的第二部分192。在至少一个实施例中,可沿如下轴线来设置保持狭槽190,所述轴线横向于或垂直于由切割狭槽156限定的纵向轴线。在多种实施例中,保持狭槽190以及其间限定的轴线可相对于切割构件160设置在近侧,无论切割构件160的位置如何,包括(例如)当切割构件160处于其最近侧位置时。
在多种实施例中,切割狭槽156可限定位于其第一侧面上的第一主体部分152a和位于其第二或相对侧面上的第二主体部分152b。参见图41和43,第一主体部分152a可包括第一多个钉腔151,并且另外第二主体部分152b可包括第二多个钉腔151。在至少一个实施例中,第一主体部分152a可包括最近侧钉腔151a,所述最近侧钉腔151a可相对于第一主体部分152a的其他钉腔151设置在近侧。在至少一个实施例中,整个钉腔151a可相对于第一主体部分152a中的对准狭槽280的基壁281设置在近侧,而在其他实施例中,钉腔151a的至少一部分可相对于基壁281设置在近侧。如图43所示,第一主体部分152a中的对准狭槽280可相对于最近侧钉腔151a横向地并且另外相对于切割狭槽156横向地设置。除了上文所述,第一主体部分152a可包括第二最近侧钉腔151c,所述第二最近侧钉腔151c可相对于第一主体部分152a中除最近侧钉腔151a之外的其他钉腔151设置在近侧。在至少一个实施例中,整个钉腔151c可相对于第一主体部分152a中的对准狭槽280的基壁281设置在近侧,而在其他实施例中,钉腔151c的至少一部分可相对于基壁281设置在近侧。如图43所示,第一主体部分152a中的对准狭槽280相对于第二最近侧钉腔151c至少部分地横向设置。仍参见图43,第一主体部分152a可包括其中的保持狭槽190,所述保持狭槽190可相对于其中的钉腔151(包括(例如)钉腔151a和151c)设置在近侧。
参见图41,除了上文所述,第二主体部分152b可包括最近侧钉腔151b,所述最近侧钉腔151b可相对于第二主体部分152b中的其他钉腔151设置在近侧。在至少一个实施例中,整个钉腔151b可相对于第二主体部分152b中的对准狭槽280的基壁281设置在近侧,而在其他实施例中,钉腔151b的至少一部分可相对于基壁281设置在近侧。如图41所示,第二主体部分152b中的对准狭槽280相对于最近侧钉腔151b和切割狭槽156横向地设置。除了上文所述,第二主体部分152b可包括第二最近侧钉腔151d,所述第二最近侧钉腔151d可相对于第二主体部分152b中除最近侧钉腔151b之外的其他钉腔151设置在近侧。在至少一个实施例中,整个钉腔151d可相对于第二主体部分152b中的对准狭槽280的基壁281设置在近侧,而在其他实施例中,钉腔151d的至少一部分可相对于基壁281设置在近侧。如图41所示,第二主体部分152b中的对准狭槽280相对于第二最近侧钉腔151d至少部分地横向设置。仍参见图41,第二主体部分152b可包括其中的保持狭槽190,所述保持狭槽190可相对于其中的钉腔151(包括(例如)钉腔151b和151d)设置在近侧。
在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,钉仓主体152可由塑料构成并且可利用注模方法形成。其后,在多种实施例中,可将缝钉驱动器168(图9)装配到钉腔151内并且可将切割构件160设置到钉仓主体152内以使得切割构件164位于壳体170内,如上文所述。然后可将钉仓底盘154装配至钉仓主体152。在多种实施例中,现在参见图42,钉仓底盘154的远端277可与钉仓主体152的近端295对准,例如以使得钉仓主体可在钉仓底盘154内在相对壁154a和154b之间滑动。在底盘凸起276设置到凹陷270内并且凸起274设置到底盘凹陷275内之前,钉仓主体152和底盘154可相对于彼此进行滑动。同时,从钉仓主体152延伸的锁扣凸起288可接纳在钉仓底盘154中的锁扣孔287内,以使得底盘154可锁定至钉仓主体152。在多种实施例中,底盘154的侧壁154a和154b在经过锁扣凸起288时可向外挠曲或扩张并且随后当锁扣孔287与锁扣凸起288对准时可向内弹性返回。此时,从底盘154延伸的臂155可与钉仓主体152中的保持狭槽287对准并且设置在所述保持狭槽287内。在某些实施例中,现在参见图47,钉仓150还可包括保持构件,例如保持构件300,所述构件(例如)可被构造为(例如)选择性地阻挡钉仓主体152中的狭槽301。在至少一个实施例中,保持构件300可包括可枢转臂303,所述可枢转臂303可在其横跨狭槽301延伸的第一位置(示为实线)和其设置为靠近狭槽301的第二位置(示为虚线)之间进行旋转。在至少一个这种实施例中,一体式枢转销302(图41)可从臂303延伸到钉仓主体152中的孔内,所述一体式枢转销302可限定臂303可绕其旋转的轴线。在某些实施例中,臂303可包括从其延伸的锁扣构件304,所述锁扣构件304可被构造为与钉仓主体152中的锁扣腔体305可释放地接合,以便将臂303保持在(例如)其第一和第二位置中的至少一者中。在某些实施例中,横跨狭槽301的臂303的定位可防止或至少阻碍切割构件160(例如)从钉仓150滑出。
为了有利于从钉仓通道122插入和移出钉仓150,在多种实施例中,钉仓150可包括(例如)设置在其相对侧面上的抓握部分。在至少一个实施例中,现在参见图43和47,钉仓主体152可包括设置在对准狭槽280附近的横向部分285,其中横向部分285可由临床医生抓握和/或推进,以便(例如)将钉仓150的近端213设置到钉仓通道122的近端内。当将钉仓150的近端213旋转就位时(如上文所述),可将这样的力施加至横向部分285的顶部或组织接触表面。在多种实施例中,可将提升力施加至横向部分285,以便从钉仓通道122提出钉仓150的近端213。在至少一个这种实施例中,主要参见图47,各个横向部分285可包括一个或多个台阶、脊、和/或抬高件,例如抬高件287a、287b、和/或287c,所述台阶、脊、和/或抬高件(例如)可被构造为改善临床医生对于横向部分285的抓握。在多种实施例中,抬高件287a、287b、和/或287c可相对于彼此设置在不同的高度。在任何情况下,可通过下述方式从通道122移出钉仓150:例如,将钉仓150的近端213从通道122提出并且随后将钉仓150的远端211从通道122的远端121取下或脱开。当钉仓150从通道122移出时,切割构件160内的狭槽161可(例如)从推杆202的驱动凸起294移开和脱开。
在多种情况下,除了上文所述,推杆202和切割构件160可在从钉仓通道122移出钉仓150之前返回其近侧位置。在这种位置下,如上文所述,刀刃165能够设置在壳体170内。在多种实施例中,现在参见图48,示出了不存在壳体170的钉仓150’的替代实施例。在至少一个这种实施例中,刀刃165可例如在其近侧位置和/或任何其他向远侧推进位置中至少部分地在钉仓主体152的平台表面158上方延伸。
在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,砧座130可包括一个或多个孔、狭槽或凹陷179(图17),其可被构造成例如当砧座130与钉仓150紧密相对时接纳壳体170的至少一部分。在至少一个实施例中,壳体170和凹陷179之间可存在足够的间隙,使得砧座130和钉仓150可相对于彼此运动,并且两者间没有干涉或至少基本上没有干涉。在上面概述的具有不止一个切割构件壳体的实施例中,相对的砧座可具有不止一个用于接纳壳体的对应孔。在多种实施例中,砧座可包括活动的切割构件和至少一个壳体,用于至少部分地覆盖、包封和/或包裹切割构件。在某些实施例中(未作图示),砧座和钉仓两者均可包括至少一个可动的切割构件和/或至少一个壳体,其被构造成例如当它们位于近侧位置时至少部分地覆盖、包裹或包封切割构件。
如上面所概述,推杆组件200可向远侧推进以便使缝钉滑轨组件160移至钉仓组件150内。在多种实施例中,如上面另外所概述,缝钉滑轨162的楔状凸轮表面167可移至与缝钉驱动器168上的倾斜表面169接合,以依次或同时驱动钉仓150中的缝钉紧靠砧座130并使缝钉形成任何合适的构型,例如B形构型。在至少一个这种实施例中,参见图17,砧座130可包括一个或多个缝钉成形面,例如缝钉凹腔132,其可被构造成使缝钉变形。在某些实施例中,砧座130还可包括狭槽、沟槽或凹槽133,其可被构造成例如可滑动地接纳缝钉滑轨162、切割构件164和/或推杆202的至少一部分。在至少一个实施例中(未作图示),砧座可包括砧板,其可固定地和/或不可动地设置在限定于砧座内的砧座通道内。在多个其他实施例中,如图18和19所示以及下面更详细描述的,砧座130可包括可动地设置在砧座通道136内的砧板134。在某些实施例中,砧座通道136可包括相对的侧壁137,此外还包括在侧壁137之间延伸的基部138。在至少一个实施例中,砧座130还可包括例如组装至其上的远侧前缘部分139,其中前缘部分139可被构造成例如压合和/或扣合至砧座通道136内,使得前缘部分139可牢固地保持在其中。在某些实施例中,前缘部分139可由软性和/或柔韧材料构成,例如橡胶,并且可具有任何合适形状,其可有助于例如将砧座130插入手术部位内。在一些实施例中,参见图28,前缘部分(例如前缘部分139’)可通过一个或多个紧固件139a’保持在砧座上。类似地,参见图1,钉仓通道和/或钉仓(例如钉仓150)可包括前缘部分,例如前缘部分153,其可有助于例如将钉仓150插入手术部位内。
如上面所指出的那样,缝钉可从钉仓调出并靠贴于砧座变形。在多种情况下,砧座130和缝钉滑轨162上的缝钉成形面之间的距离可决定缝钉变形的程度。例如,如果砧座130上的砧座凹腔132和缝钉滑轨162上的顶面135(图10-12)之间的距离相对较大,则与砧座凹腔132和滑座表面135之间的距离相对较小时相比,缝钉所变形的程度会较小。相应地,如果砧座凹腔132和滑座表面135之间的距离相对较小,则与砧座凹腔132和滑座表面135之间的距离相对较大时相比,缝钉所变形的程度会较大。通常,砧座凹腔132和滑座表面135之间的距离称为缝钉的成形高度。有时可在钉仓的顶面即平台和砧座上的缝钉成形面之间测量缝钉的成形高度。然而,就本专利申请而言,任何涉及缝钉成形高度等的内容均可酌情包括一种或两种测量方式和/或任何其他合适的测量方式。在任何情况下,如下文更详细描述的,外科缝合器械(例如缝合器械100)可包括用于调整缝钉成形高度的装置。
在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,砧座可包括一个或多个成形面,其可朝向和/或远离钉仓运动,以便设定缝钉的成形高度。在至少一个实施例中,参见图17-23,砧座130可包括砧板134,其可以可动和/或可滑动地设置在砧座通道136内。在某些实施例中,砧座130还可包括一个或多个保持销或导销140,其中砧板134可包括一个或多个保持槽或导槽141,其被构造成滑动地接纳销140的至少一部分。在至少一个这种实施例中,销140和/或槽141被构造成限定预定路径,砧板134可沿着该预定路径运动。参见图18,销140和槽141被构造和布置成使得砧板134可沿着直线、或至少基本上直线的路径运动,其中直线路径可至少部分地由例如轴线142和143限定。还可预想到其他实施例,其中砧板可沿着非线性路径,例如弯曲和/或曲线路径运动。在某些实施例中,销140的至少一部分可保持在侧壁137的孔144内,其中,在至少一个实施例中,销140可被压配合于孔144内。在任何情况下,如本文所述,销140可随着例如其朝向和/或远离钉仓150运动而引导砧板134。
在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,外科缝合器械(例如缝合器械100)可包括一个或多个调整构件,所述调整构件被构造成定位砧座的一部分(例如砧板134)相对于砧座组件其他部分和/或相对的钉仓的位置。在某些实施例中,参见图18和19,缝合器械100可包括砧板调整构件230,该构件可被构造成限制砧板134的运动范围。在至少一个这种实施例中,参见图20和21,调整构件230可定位在砧板134中间的第一位置,其中调整构件230的第一表面或台阶231定位在砧座通道136的基部138和砧板134上的第一定位表面145中间。在这样的第一位置,第一台阶231可限定砧板134和砧座通道136之间可能或允许的相对运动量。例如,当如上所述砧座130被对着组织夹紧时,砧板134可接触组织并朝基部138向上滑动,直到第一定位表面145接触第一台阶231。一旦表面145和台阶231接触,调整构件230即可防止或至少阻碍砧板134进一步朝基部138运动。在至少一个这种实施例中,因此,调整构件230可作为止挡,使得基部138和砧板134上的组织接触表面148之间的距离可由第一距离234限定。虽然本例中基部138用作参考基准,但砧座130的其他部分和/或相对的钉仓例如也可用作参考基准。当调整构件230位于其第一位置时,如上所述,调整构件230的第二表面即台阶232可定位在基部138和砧板134上的第二定位表面146中间,此外,第三表面即台阶233可定位在基部138和第三定位表面147中间。参见图20,调整构件230可包括两组或更多组台阶231、232和/或233,并且砧板134可包括两组或更多组定位表面145、146和/或147。虽然第一台阶231和第一定位表面145如上文所述被构造成控制砧板134的位置,但调整构件230的第二和第三台阶(232、233)以及砧板134的第二和第三定位表面(146、147)分别也被构造成控制砧板134的位置。虽然为简洁起见,本例将针对第一表面即台阶231描述控制砧板134位置的表面,但是读者应当理解,台阶232和233也可控制砧板134的位置。
在某些实施例中,调整构件230的第一位置可提供相对较小或较短的缝钉成形高度。在其他实施例中,尽管未示出,但调整构件的第一位置可提供中等、相对较大和/或任何其他合适的缝钉成形高度。在与调整构件第一位置相关的成形高度合适的情况下,外科医生可如上文所述着手用外科缝合器械缝合和/或切割组织。然而,在缝钉成形高度不合适的情况下,外科医生或其他临床医生可运动调整构件230,使得当砧板134接触到设置在砧座130和钉仓150中间的组织时,调整构件230可允许砧板134向上滑动另一段距离。在至少一个这种情况下,允许砧板134向上滑动的距离可以更大,从而提供更大的缝钉成形高度。相应地,在其他情况下,可运动调整构件,使得例如当砧板134接触组织时,砧板134可向上滑动较短的距离,从而提供更短的缝钉成形高度。虽然术语“向上”等可意指垂直向上,但该术语不受这样的限制;相反,“向上”可指例如朝向砧座基部和/或远离钉仓的任何方向。在任何情况下,调整构件230可在其第一位置(如图21所示)和第二位置(如图22所示)之间运动,以便增加缝钉成形高度。如图22中的箭头“P”所指示,调整构件230可向近侧滑动,以便使调整构件230在其第一和第二位置之间运动,但可预想到这样的实施例,其中调整构件可向远侧和/或任何其他合适的方向滑动,以便调节调整构件230。一旦调整构件230运动至其第二位置,参见图22,第一表面或台阶231即可定位于基部138和砧板134的第二定位表面146中间。在这样的第二位置,第一台阶231可再次限定砧板134和砧座通道136之间允许的相对运动量。在至少一个实施例中,与上文所述类似,调整构件230可作为止挡,使得基部138和砧板134上的组织接触表面148之间的距离可由第二距离235限定。
除了上文所述,调整构件230可在其第二位置(如图22所示)和第三位置(如图23所示)之间运动,以便再次增加缝钉成形高度。如图23中的箭头“P”所指,调整构件230可向近侧滑动,以在其第二和第三位置之间运动调整构件230。一旦调整构件230运动至其第三位置,参见图23,第一表面或台阶231即可定位于基部138和第三定位表面147中间。在此第三位置中,第一台阶231可再次限定砧板134和砧座通道136之间的相对运动量。在至少一个实施例中,与上文所述类似,调整构件230可作为止挡,使得基部138和砧板134上的组织接触表面148之间的距离可由第三距离236限定。虽然调整构件230可在上述三个位置之间选择性运动以提供三种不同的缝钉成形高度,但可预想到其他实施例,其包括可在超过三个位置之间运动的调整构件以提供超过三种不同的缝钉成形高度。例如,调整构件可在四个位置之间运动,以便提供四种缝钉成形高度。还可预想到这样一些实施例,其包括可在两个位置之间运动的调整构件以提供两种缝钉成形高度。此外,虽然调整构件230的表面或台阶231、232和233以降序排列,但可预想到其他排列,其中所述表面或台阶以升序排列。可预想到其他排列,其中表面或台阶不必以升序或降序排列。类似地,砧板134的定位表面145、146和147可以升序、降序(图20)和/或任何其他合适的顺序排列。此外,虽然调整构件230可沿轴线滑动,但可预想到其他实施例,其中调整构件可沿任何合适的路径,例如弯曲和/或曲线路径运动。
如上文所述,参见图21,调整构件230可包括三个表面或台阶231、232和233,而砧板134可包括三个相应的调整表面145、146和147。当调整构件230位于其第一位置时,例如,第一表面231可被定位成使其靠贴于或邻近第一调整表面145,第二表面232可被定位成使其靠贴于或邻近第二调整表面146,并且第三表面233可被定位成使其靠贴于或邻近第三调整表面147。由于调整构件230相对于砧板134滑动,如上文所述并参见图22和23,调整构件230的表面231、232和233可相对于砧板134的表面145、146和147顺序地换位。在至少一个这种实施例中,调整构件的台阶数可与砧板上的定位表面数相同。还可预想到其他实施例,其中调整构件的台阶多于砧板上的定位表面。在至少一个这种实施例中,例如砧板可包括一个定位表面,其中调整构件的台阶可有选择地用来限制砧板的向上运动。在多种实施例中,总体参见调整构件230和砧板134,砧板可包括一个定位表面,例如定位表面145,其中调整构件230的台阶231、232和233例如可有选择地设置在基部138和定位表面145中间。在此类实施例中,第一台阶231可具有第一厚度或高度,所述第一厚度或高度可阻挡或限制砧板134的向上运动,以便限定第一缝钉成形高度,第二台阶232可具有第二厚度或高度,所述第二厚度或高度可阻挡或限制砧板134的向上运动,以便限定第二缝钉成形高度,此外,第三台阶233可具有第三厚度或高度,所述第三厚度或高度可阻挡或限制砧板134的向上运动,以便限定第三缝钉成形高度。在至少一个实施例中,台阶231、232和/或233的厚度或高度可在调整构件230的后表面237和会接触砧板134的台阶(231、232、233)上的表面之间测量。在多种实施例中,第一台阶231和第二台阶232之间的高度或厚度差值可与第二台阶232和第三台阶233之间的高度或厚度差值相同或至少基本上相同。在至少一个这种实施例中,因此,台阶的高度可以按线性速率或至少基本上线性速率增加。在替代实施例中,第一和第二台阶之间的高度或厚度差值可与第二和第三台阶之间的高度或厚度差值不同。在至少一个这种实施例中,第一、第二和第三台阶的高度或厚度不会以线性速率增加或减少;相反,尽管未示出,但台阶的高度或厚度可以非线性和/或几何速率增加或减少。
如上文所述,调整构件(例如调整构件230)可在两个或更多个位置之间运动。在多种实施例中,外科缝合器械可包括被构造成运动调整构件的致动器。在至少一个实施例中,参见图17-20,外科缝合器械100可包括致动器250,该致动器被以可操作方式附接于调整构件230,以使力可被施加于致动器250并传递给调整构件230。在某些实施例中,如上文所述,致动器250可包括抓握部即手柄252,所述抓握部即手柄例如可被构造可由外科医生抓握,以便在砧座130内推进或缩回调整构件230。在某些实施例中,抓握部252可从致动器主体251延伸,其中致动器主体251可包括一个或多个孔、槽或腔253,所述孔、槽或腔可被构造成接纳调整构件230的至少一部分。在至少一个这种实施例中,参见图19,调整构件230可包括由其延伸的锁扣254,其中锁扣254的至少一部分可被接纳于孔253内,以便将致动器主体251保持在调整构件230上。在多种实施例中,锁扣254可包括一个或多个弹性或柔性腿255,当插入孔253时,所述腿部可弯曲,但是当弹性腿255的脚256充分推过孔253后,会弹性返回或至少部分地返回到它们的未弯曲位置。在至少一个这种实施例中,脚256可防止或至少阻碍致动器主体251从调整构件230分离。
在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,外科缝合器械100还可包括制动机构,所述制动机构可被构造成使致动器250和/或调整构件230固定就位,或以可脱开的方式固定就位。在至少一个实施例中,参见图19,制动构件260可附接于致动器250,其中在至少一些实施例中,致动器主体251可包括一个或多个沟槽、凹槽或凹陷257,它们可被构造成接纳制动构件260的制动主体261和/或将其保持在其中。在至少一个实施例中,制动主体261可包括一个或多个孔263和/或任何其他合适的沟槽、狭槽或凹槽,它们例如可被构造成接纳一个或多个紧固件,用于将制动主体261固定于致动器251。制动构件260还可包括制动腿部262,所述制动腿部例如可被构造成接合第一支架部分110中的一个或多个凹陷、孔或凹槽101(图2-7)。更具体地讲,参见图2和3,每个侧面凸缘128可包括一个或多个限定于其中的凹陷101(101a、101b和101c),其中制动腿部262可被偏压成与侧面凸缘128的顶面接合,使得制动腿部262可滑入和滑出凹陷101。在示出的实施例中,每个侧面凸缘可包括三个凹陷101,所述凹陷可被构造成将致动器250可动地保持在第一远侧位置、第二中间位置和第三近侧位置,其中致动器250的第一、第二和第三位置可分别对应于上述调整构件230的第一、第二和第三位置。例如,当致动器250位于其第一远侧位置时,制动构件260的制动腿部262可定位于凹陷101a中,以便将致动器250和调整构件230可动地保持在它们的第一位置。当施加足够的力时,致动器250可向近侧运动到其第二位置,使得制动腿部162定位于凹陷101b内,并且致动器250和调整构件230保持在它们的第二位置。类似地,当施加足够的力时,致动器250可向近侧运动到其第三位置,使得制动腿部162定位于凹陷101c内,并且致动器250和调整构件230保持在它们的第三位置。在多种实施例中,制动腿部162可被构造成使得致动器250可返回其第一和/或第二位置。
如上文所述,致动器250可使调整构件230沿着两个或更多个位置之间的预定路径运动。在多种实施例中,外科缝合器械100例如可包括用于控制或限制调整构件230和/或致动器250运动的一个或多个导向装置。在一些实施例中,可在砧座130的侧壁137之间贴近地接纳调整构件230,使得侧壁137可引导调整构件230。在至少一个这种实施例中,侧壁137可被构造成控制或限制调整构件230的侧向或左右运动。在多种实施例中,制动构件160的制动腿部162可包括弹性构件,所述弹性构件可被构造成对调整构件230施加向上的偏置力或拉力,从而将调整构件230定位在紧靠或至少邻近基部138和中间侧壁137的位置。在某些实施例中,参见图19,砧座130的基部138还可包括导槽149,所述导槽可被构造成在其中接纳调整构件230和/或致动器250的至少一部分,使得导槽149可限制调整构件230和致动器250的运动。在至少一个这种实施例中,调整构件230的锁扣254可被构造成延伸穿过导槽149,使得当锁扣254插入上述致动器250的孔253时,可将砧座130的基部138捕获在调整构件230和致动器250中间。在某些实施例中,导槽149可被构造成能限制锁扣254的运动,使得当调整构件230位于其第一即最远侧位置时防止或至少阻碍调整构件230向远侧运动,和/或相似地当调整构件230位于其第三即最近侧位置时防止或至少限制其向近侧运动。
在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,制动构件(类似于例如制动构件260)可用于偏置第一柄部102和第二柄部104,使它们彼此离开。在至少一个实施例中,参见图37,外科缝合器械100’可包括制动构件260’,其被构造成定位第一柄部102和第二柄部104,使得砧座130和钉仓150之间存在间隙。此类结构,如上文所概述,可让外科医生能够轻松操纵外科器械,而无需保持第一和第二柄部彼此分开。在某些实施例中,制动构件260’可充分安装到第二柄部104,使得从制动构件260’延伸的制动腿262’可接触凸缘128,并且当被挤压时,将偏置力施加到第一和第二柄部。如图37所示,腿部262’可接触凸缘128上的表面101d。为了挤压制动腿262’,闩锁机构180可运动到部分关闭位置,使得闩锁臂188可接合并至少部分地包裹闩锁凸起131。在此构造中,外科医生可操纵器械,并且当对位置感到满意时,将闩锁机构180运动到关闭位置,并进一步挤压制动腿262’。与上文所述类似,制动构件260’可与致动器250固定或换句话讲以可操作方式接合,使得当致动器250在其上述第一、第二和第三位置之间运动时,腿部262’可分别接合凹陷101a、101b和101c。在至少一个这种实施例中,因此,致动器250可具有预置位置,其中致动器250相对于其第一位置设于远侧,此外,表面101d可包括预置表面,当致动器250位于其预置位置时,制动腿262’可被设置成紧靠所述预置表面。
如上文所概述,调整构件可在第一和第二位置之间滑动或平移,以便调整外科缝合器械所调配的缝钉的成形高度。在多种实施例中,尽管未示出,但调整构件例如可被构造成使砧板朝向和/或远离相对的钉仓正向位移。在至少一个这种实施例中,外科缝合器械可包括一个或多个偏置构件,例如弹簧,其被构造成使砧板紧靠调整构件定位,使得当调整构件在其第一和第二位置之间运动时,调整构件可使砧板在第一和第二位置之间位移,以便设定第一和第二缝钉成形高度。在多种实施例中,由以上可得出,调整构件可被构造成将一部分砧座用凸轮使之到位。在至少一个这种实施例中,调整构件可沿轴线滑动,以使砧板正向位移。在其他实施例中,可旋转调整构件例如可被构造成使砧板朝向和/或远离钉仓正向位移。
除了上文所述,如下文更详细描述,调整构件可被转动来调整缝钉成形高度。参见图24-36,与上文所述类似,外科器械100’可包括第一柄部102’、第二柄部104’和闭锁机构180’,所述闭锁机构可用于将组织夹在砧座130’和钉仓150’中间。参见图25,同样与上文所述类似,闭锁机构180’可通过一个或多个枢轴销182’枢转地连接到第一部分102’,其中闭锁机构180’可包括一个或多个闩锁臂188’,所述闩锁臂可被构造成接合第二部分104’,并将第一和第二柄部闩锁在一起。同样与上文所述类似,参见图25和27,外科器械100’还可包括推杆组件200’,所述推杆组件可被构造成在端部执行器120’内推进切割构件和/或缝钉滑轨。在至少一个这种实施例中,推杆组件200’可包括近端203’和致动器204’,其中致动器204’可被可旋转地安装在近端203’,并被有选择地设置在缝合器械100’的第一和第二侧面上。在多种实施例中,外科缝合器械100’可具有与结合外科缝合器械100描述的那些特征相同或类似的特征,并且可以按与器械100相同的方式或类似的方式操作,因此这里不再重复这类细节。
在多种实施例中,参见图27,外科器械100’可包括可旋转调整构件230’,所述可旋转调整构件可有选择地定位于至少第一和第二位置,以便提供不同的缝钉成形高度。在某些实施例中,外科器械100’可包括致动器250’,所述致动器以可操作方式连接到调整构件230’,使得致动器250’可在至少其第一和第二位置之间运动调整构件230’。在至少一个实施例中,参见图28,致动器250’可包括致动器主体251’和抓握部即手柄252’。致动器主体251’可包括孔258’,所述孔可被构造成接纳调整构件230’的近端238’,使得旋转运动、扭矩和/或力可在致动器250’和调整构件230’之间传递。在至少一个这种实施例中,参见图36,孔258’可具有非圆形轮廓和/或包括一个或多个平坦传动面的轮廓,所述传动面被构造成在致动器主体251’和致动器230’之间传递旋转运动。在某些实施例中,孔258’可被确定尺寸并构造成贴近地接纳致动器230’的近端238’。在至少一个实施例中,孔258’可被构造成以压合和/或扣合装配方式接纳近端238’。在多种实施例中,再次参见图28,柄部104’可包括一个或多个狭槽259’,所述狭槽可被构造成允许致动器主体251’的至少一部分延伸穿过其中,使得抓握部252’可组装到致动器主体251’,其中柄部104’的至少一部分定位于其间。在至少一个这种实施例中,第二柄部104’还可包括凹陷253’,所述凹陷可被构造成使得抓握部252’的至少一部分(如果不是全部)定位于凹陷253’内。在某些实施例中,凹陷253’可被构造成使得抓握部252’不延伸于第二柄部104’的顶面上方,但是在其他实施例中,如图30所示,抓握部252’的上部可延伸到第二柄部104上方,使得外科医生能够轻松地触及抓握部252’。
在多种实施例中,如上文所概述,调整构件可在至少第一和第二位置之间转动,以便调整外科缝合器所调配的缝钉的成形高度。在某些实施例中,参见图28,外科缝合器械可包括可旋转地设置在砧座内的调整构件,其中调整构件可被构造成能限制可动砧座部分的相对运动。在至少一个这种实施例中,外科缝合器械100’可包括砧板134’,所述砧板134’可通过保持销或导销140’可滑动地保持在砧座通道136’内,其中导销140’可被构造成允许砧板134’在其接触组织时向上滑动,如上文所述。参见图27、30和31,调整构件230’可定位于第一位置或取向,使得其可限制砧板134’在砧座通道136’内的向上运动,并规定缝钉的缝钉成形高度。在至少一个这种实施例中,参见图30和31,调整构件230’可包括相互面对的第一表面231’,所述相互面对的第一表面可定位于砧座通道136’的基部138’和砧板134’的定位表面145’中间,使得例如当定位表面145’接触第一表面231’之一时,砧板134’的组织接触表面148’可定位在离砧座130’上的基准面129’第一距离234’的位置。相应地,成形面132’可定位在离钉仓第一距离的位置,使得从钉仓调出缝钉时,缝钉可变形至第一缝钉高度。除了上文所述,第一直径241’可在第一表面231’之间限定,其中第一直径241’可限定砧板134’在砧座通道136’内的最大向上位置。
如上文指出,调整构件230可被’转动来调整缝钉的成形高度。在多种实施例中,调整构件230’可在其第一位置或取向(图30和31)和第二位置或取向(图32和33)之间转动。在至少一个实施例中,参见图32和33,手柄252’可在箭头“A”指示的方向上转动,以使调整构件230’在其第一和第二位置之间运动。与上文所述类似,当致动器230’位于其第二位置或取向时,致动器230’可限制砧板134’在砧座通道136’内的向上运动,并规定缝钉的缝钉成形高度。在至少一个这种实施例中,参见图32和33,调整构件230’可包括相互面对的第二表面232’,所述相互面对的第二表面可定位于基部138’和定位表面145’中间,使得例如当定位表面145’接触第二表面232’之一时,砧板134’的组织接触表面148’可定位在离基准面129’第二距离235’的位置。相应地,成形面132’可定位在离钉仓第二距离的位置,使得从钉仓调出缝钉时,缝钉可变形至第二缝钉高度。在多种实施例中,与上文所述类似,第二直径242’可被限定在第二表面232’之间,其中第二直径242’可限定砧板134’在砧座通道136’内的最大向上位置。虽然第一表面231’和第二表面232’通过平坦或至少基本上平坦的表面限定,但可预想到其他实施例,其中第一表面231’和第二表面232’可包括至少部分弓形或弯曲的轮廓。在任何情况下,参见图27,调整构件230’可包括一个或多个空隙槽240’,所述空隙槽可被构造成提供致动器230’和保持销140’之间的空隙。空隙槽240’可被构造成在致动器230’位于其第一位置、第二位置和/或任何其他合适位置时提供致动器230’和保持销140’之间的空隙。
在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,调整构件230’可在其第一位置或取向(图30和31)和第三位置或取向(图34和35)之间转动。在至少一个实施例中,参见图34和35,手柄252’可在箭头“B”指示的方向上转动,以使调整构件230’在其第一和第三位置之间运动。与上文所述类似,当致动器230’位于其第三位置或取向时,致动器230’可限制砧板134’在砧座通道136’内的向上运动,并规定缝钉的缝钉成形高度。在至少一个这种实施例中,参见图34和35,调整构件230’可包括相对的第三表面233’,所述相对的第三表面233’可定位于基部138’和定位表面145’中间,使得例如当定位表面145’接触第三表面233’之一时,砧板134’的组织接触表面148’可定位在离基准面129’第三距离236’的位置。相应地,成形面132’可定位在离钉仓第三距离的位置,使得从钉仓调出缝钉时,缝钉可变形至第三缝钉高度。在多种实施例中,与上文所述类似,第三直径243’可被限定在第三表面233’之间,其中第三直径243’可限定砧板134’在砧座通道136’内的最大向上位置。再次参见图34和35,第三表面233’可由至少部分弓形的轮廓限定,但可预想到其他实施例,其中第三表面233’可包括平坦或至少基本上平坦的轮廓。在至少一个实施例中,调整构件230’可构造成使得弓形的第三表面233’之间的最大距离或直径可用于限定第三缝钉高度。
如上文所述,参见图30和31,调整构件230’可定位于第一位置或取向,以设定外科缝合器械100’所调配的缝钉的第一成形高度。同样如上文所述,参见图32和33,致动器250’可用于将调整构件230’运动至其第二位置或取向,以设定缝钉的第二成形高度。要做到这一点,在至少一个实施例中,可将力施加到手柄252’,从而引起手柄252’和连接到该处的调整构件230’在箭头“A”指示的方向上转动。在至少一个实施例中,调整构件230’和/或致动器250’可被充分地保持,使得例如当调整构件230’旋转时,调整构件230’能够绕轴线,例如轴线245’(图27)旋转。在至少一个实施例中,参见图25,推杆组件200’的近端203’可包括一个或多个凹槽、沟槽或凹陷205’,所述凹槽、沟槽或凹陷可被构造成在其中接纳和/或保持调整构件230’和/或致动器250’的至少一部分。在任何情况下,如图30-33所示,与调整构件230’位于其第一位置时相比,调整构件230’的第二位置或取向可允许砧板134’在砧座通道136’内滑动更长的距离。在至少一个实施例中,因此,第二缝钉成形高度可大于第一缝钉成形高度。同样如上文所述,参见图34和35,致动器250’可用于将调整构件230’运动至其第三位置或取向,以设定缝钉的第三成形高度。要做到这一点,在至少一个实施例中,可将力施加到手柄252’,从而引起手柄252’和连接到该处的调整构件230’在箭头“B”指示的方向上转动。如图30、31、34和35所示,与调整构件230’位于其第一位置时相比,调整构件230’的第三位置或取向可允许砧板134’在砧座通道136’内滑动更短的距离。在至少一个实施例中,因此,第一和第二缝钉成形高度可大于第三缝钉成形高度。在至少一个这种实施例中,调整构件230’和致动器250’的第一位置可代表中间位置,其中调整构件230’可直接从其第一位置有选择地运动至其第二和第三位置。事实上,调整构件230’的第一位置可代表中间缝钉高度,其中调整构件230’的第二和第三缝钉位置可分别代表更高和更低的缝钉高度。在某些实施例中,参见图24,外科缝合器械100’可包括一个或多个位于其上的标记,所述标记可被构造成呈现缝钉成形高度或至少相对成形高度,这些高度是可选择的。例如,第二柄部104’可包括第一标记245’、第二标记246’和第三标记247’,所述第一标记可指示中间缝钉高度即第一缝钉高度,所述第二标记可指示较高缝钉高度即第二缝钉高度,所述第三标记可指示较低缝钉高度即第三缝钉高度。
在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,第一表面231’、第二表面232’和第三表面233’中的一个或多个可构成或限定、或至少部分地构成或限定调整构件230’的周边或外周。如上文所讨论,由于第一、第二和第三表面(231’、232’和233’)分别限定了第一、第二和第三直径(241’、242’和243’),调整构件230’的周边或外周可以是非圆形的。然而,在某些实施例中,调整构件230’的周边或外周可以是对称的、基本上对称的和/或非对称的。在多种实施例中,除了上文所述,例如调整构件可包括可旋转地设置在砧座130’的基部138’和砧板134’的调整表面145’中间的凸轮。在至少一个这种实施例中,第一表面231’、第二表面232’和第三表面233’中的一个或多个例如可构成或限定凸轮轮廓,与上文所述类似,所述凸轮轮廓可被构造成正向定位砧板134’和/或提供可由砧板134’靠贴而定位的止挡。在任何情况下(未作图示),可预想到多种实施例,其中调整构件可被滑动和转动以设定外科缝合器械所调配的缝钉的两个或更多个缝钉成形高度。在至少一个这种实施例中,调整构件可包括凸轮轮廓,所述凸轮轮廓可沿着调整构件的长度限定,其中纵向和/或旋转运动可用于在至少第一和第二位置之间运动凸轮轮廓。
在多种实施例中,与上文所述类似,外科器械100’还可包括制动机构,所述制动机构被构造成使致动器250’固定到位或至少可释放地固定到位。在至少一个实施例中,参见图25和26,外科器械100’还可包括制动构件260’,所述制动构件包括制动主体261’和一个或多个制动腿部262’。参见图26,制动主体261’可包括一个或多个凹槽、凹陷或沟槽263’,所述凹槽、凹陷或沟槽可被构造成在其中接纳第二柄部104’近端105’的至少一部分,使得制动构件260’可保持在适当位置。在至少一个这种实施例中,近端105’还可包括一个或多个凹槽、沟槽或凹陷265’,所述凹槽、沟槽或凹陷可被构造成贴近地接纳制动构件260’。在某些实施例中,制动主体261’的至少一部分(例如沟槽263’)可压合、扣合和/或以其他方式合适地保持于凹陷265’中。同样如图26所示,制动构件260’的每个制动腿262’可包括一个或多个从其延伸的凸起264’,所述凸起可被构造成接合致动器主体251’,并将致动器250’可释放地固定到位。在至少一个实施例中,参见图36,致动器主体251’可包括一个或多个凹陷或小孔269’,所述凹陷或小孔可被构造成接纳凸起264’。凸起例如可被构造成在凸起264’定位于凹陷269’内时将致动器250’保持在其第一位置,直到有足够的力施加于致动器250’上而使凸起264’移出凹陷269’。更具体地讲,施加到致动器250’的力可传递到凸起264’,并且由于凸起264’和凹陷269’之间具有配合表面,与凸起264’联接的制动腿部262’可向近侧弯曲或运动,以允许致动器主体251’相对于该处运动。为了适应此近侧运动,参见图25,凹陷265’可包括延长部分266’,所述延长部分可各自被构造成接纳腿部262’的至少一部分,以使得腿部262’可相对于柄部104’运动。当致动器250’运动到其第二或第三位置时,致动器主体251’可接触从另一条腿部262’延伸的凸起264’,并使腿部262’向近侧弯曲,使得致动器250’一旦位于其第二或第三位置,腿部262’即可向前或向远侧回弹,使凸起264’可固定于凹陷269’内。在至少一个实施例中,除了上文所述,凸起264’和凹陷269’侧壁之间的相互作用使得致动器250’可被牢固地保持在例如其第一、第二和第三位置之一上,但在施加足够的力时允许致动器250’运动。在此类实施例中,制动构件260’可防止或至少阻碍致动器250’以及相应地调整构件230’被意外地移位。
可将本发明所公开的装置设计为单次使用后即进行处理,或者可将它们设计为可多次使用。然而在任一种情况下,该装置均可重新恢复,以在至少一次使用后再次使用。重新恢复可包括如下步骤的任意组合:拆卸该装置、然后清洗或置换某些部分以及随后组装。特别是,该装置可以拆卸,并且可以任意组合选择性地置换或移除任意数目的某些部分或零件。清洗和/或置换某些部分后,该装置可以在重新恢复设施处重新组装以随后使用,或者在即将进行外科手术操作前由外科手术队组装。本领域的技术人员将会知道,装置的重新恢复可利用多种用于组装、清洁/置换和重新组装的技术。这些技术的使用以及所得的修复装置均在本发明的范围内。
优选的是,在手术前处理本文所述的装置。首先,获取新的或用过的装置,并在必要时对装置进行清洁。然后对装置进行消毒。在一种消毒技术中,将该装置置于闭合并密封的容器中,例如塑料或TYVEK袋中。然后将容器和装置置于能够穿透该容器的辐射区,例如γ辐射、x-射线或高能电子。辐射将装置上和容器中的细菌杀死。然后将灭菌后的装置保存在消毒容器中。该密封容器将器械保持无菌,直到在医疗设备中打开该容器。
尽管已经将本发明作为示例性设计进行了描述,但还可以在本公开的精神和范围内对本发明进行修改。因此本专利申请旨在涵盖采用本发明一般原理的任何变型型式、用途或适应型式。此外,本专利申请旨在涵盖本发明所属领域中出自已知或惯有实践范围内的背离本公开的型式。
Claims (19)
1.一种与外科缝合器一起使用的钉仓,所述钉仓包括:
可动构件,所述可动构件包括刀刃;
钉仓主体,所述钉仓主体包括:
组织接触表面;
切割狭槽,所述切割狭槽能够接纳所述刀刃;
第一主体部分,所述第一主体部分设置在所述切割狭槽的第一侧面上;
第二主体部分,所述第二主体部分设置在所述切割狭槽的第二侧面上;
多个第一钉腔,所述多个第一钉腔位于所述第一主体部分内;
多个第二钉腔,所述多个第二钉腔位于所述第二主体部分内;
第一对准狭槽,所述第一对准狭槽位于所述第一主体部分内并且能够接纳所述外科缝合器的第一对准构件;
第二对准狭槽,所述第二对准狭槽位于所述第二主体部分内并且能够接纳所述外科缝合器的第二对准构件;
第一横向抓握构件,所述第一横向抓握构件相对于所述第一对准狭槽横向地设置;
第二横向抓握构件,所述第二横向抓握构件相对于所述第二对准狭槽横向地设置;
远端;和
近端,所述近端包括:
第一近侧保持部分,所述第一近侧保持部分设置在所述切割狭槽的第一侧面上,其中所述第一近侧保持构件能够以可脱开的方式接合所述外科缝合器的一部分;和
第二近侧保持部分,所述第二近侧保持部分设置在所述切割狭槽的第二侧面上,其中所述第二近侧保持构件能够以可脱开的方式接合所述外科缝合器的一部分;
多个第一缝钉,所述多个第一缝钉设置在所述多个第一钉腔内;
多个第二缝钉,所述多个第二缝钉设置在所述多个第二钉腔内;
多个第一缝钉驱动器,所述多个第一缝钉驱动器设置在所述第一钉腔内;
多个第二缝钉驱动器,所述多个第二缝钉驱动器设置在所述第二钉腔内;以及
保持器,所述保持器附接至所述钉仓主体且能够保持位于所述第一钉腔内的所述第一缝钉驱动器和位于所述第二钉腔内的所述第二缝钉驱动器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓,其中所述远端包括基准面,其中所述第一对准狭槽包括第一远侧部分,其中所述第二对准狭槽包括第二远侧部分,并且其中所述第一远侧部分和所述第二远侧部分限定相对于所述基准面的预定距离。
3.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓,其中所述远端包括基准面,并且其中所述第一近侧保持部分和所述第二近侧保持部分限定相对于所述基准面的预定距离。
4.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓,其中所述第一近侧保持部分包括能够接纳所述外科缝合器的第一保持键的第一保持狭槽,并且其中所述第二近侧保持部分包括能够接纳所述外科缝合器的第二保持键的第二保持狭槽。
5.根据权利要求4所述的钉仓,其中所述第一保持狭槽包括:
第一远侧侧面;和
第一近侧侧面,所述第一近侧侧面设置为与所述第一远侧侧面相对,其中所述第一近侧侧面能够在所述第一保持狭槽与所述第一保持键接合时向近侧挠曲,并且其中所述第二保持狭槽包括:
第二远侧侧面;和
第二近侧侧面,所述第二近侧侧面设置为与所述第二远侧侧面相对,其中所述第二近侧侧面能够在所述第二保持狭槽与所述第二保持键接合时向近侧挠曲。
6.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓,其中所述远端包括基准面,其中所述切割构件包括能够接纳所述外科缝合器的驱动构件的狭槽,其中所述切割构件能够通过所述驱动构件在近侧位置和远侧位置之间运动,并且其中当所述切割构件处于所述近侧位置时所述狭槽限定相对于所述基准面的预定距离。
7.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓,其中所述远端包括凸起,所述凸起能够钩挂在从所述外科缝合器的钉仓通道延伸的远侧凸起下面。
8.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓,其中所述切割构件包括:
狭槽,所述狭槽能够接纳所述外科缝合器的驱动构件;和
凸起,所述凸起相对于所述狭槽设置在近侧并且能够设置在所述驱动构件中的狭槽内。
9.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓,其中所述多个第一钉腔包括第一最近侧钉腔,其中所述多个第二钉腔包括第二最近侧钉腔,其中所述第一对准狭槽相对于所述第一最近侧钉腔和所述切割狭槽横向地设置,并且其中所述第二对准狭槽相对于所述第二最近侧钉腔和所述切割狭槽横向地设置。
10.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓,其中所述第一对准狭槽包括:
第一横向侧壁;
第二横向侧壁;和
第一基壁,所述第一基壁在所述第一横向侧壁和所述第二横向侧壁之间延伸,其中所述第二对准狭槽包括:
第三横向侧壁;
第四横向侧壁;和
第二基壁,所述第二基壁在所述第三横向侧壁和所述第四横向侧壁之间延伸,其中所述多个第一钉腔包括第一最近侧钉腔,其中所述多个第二钉腔包括第二最近侧钉腔,其中所述第一最近侧钉腔相对于所述第一基壁设置在近侧,并且其中所述第二最近侧钉腔相对于所述第二基壁设置在近侧。
11.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓,其中所述第一对准狭槽包括:
第一横向侧壁;
第二横向侧壁;和
第一基壁,所述第一基壁在所述第一横向侧壁和所述第二横向侧壁之间延伸,其中所述第二对准狭槽包括:
第三横向侧壁;
第四横向侧壁;和
第二基壁,所述第二基壁在所述第三横向侧壁和所述第四横向侧壁之间延伸,其中所述多个第一钉腔包括第一最近侧钉腔和第二最近侧钉腔,其中所述多个第二钉腔包括第一最近侧钉腔和第二最近侧钉腔,其中所述多个第一钉腔的所述第一最近侧钉腔和第二最近侧钉腔中的至少一部分相对于所述第一基壁设置在近侧,并且其中所述多个第二钉腔的所述第一最近侧钉腔和第二最近侧钉腔中的至少一部分相对于所述第二基壁设置在近侧。
12.根据权利要求1所述的外科缝合器,其中所述第一横向抓握部分包括:
第一组织接触表面,所述第一组织接触表面位于所述第一横向抓握部分的第一侧面上;和
多个第一脊,所述多个第一脊位于所述第一横向抓握部分的第二侧面上,并且其中所述第二横向抓握部分包括:
第二组织接触表面,所述第二组织接触表面位于所述第二横向抓握部分的第一侧面上;和
多个第二脊,所述多个第二脊位于所述第二横向抓握部分的第二侧面上。
13.根据权利要求1所述的外科缝合器,其中所述第一保持部分相对于所述第一保持狭槽设置在近侧,并且其中所述第二保持部分相对于所述第二保持狭槽设置在近侧。
14.根据权利要求1所述的外科缝合器,其中所述第一保持狭槽和所述第二保持狭槽沿轴线设置,并且其中所述轴线垂直于由所述切割狭槽限定的纵向轴线。
15.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓,其中所述多个第一钉腔包括第一最近侧钉腔,其中所述多个第二钉腔包括第二最近侧钉腔,其中所述第一保持部分相对于所述第一最近侧钉腔设置在近侧,并且其中所述第二保持部分相对于所述第二最近侧钉腔设置在近侧。
16.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓,其中所述切割构件能够设置在最近侧位置,并且其中所述第一保持部分和所述第二保持部分相对于处于所述最近侧位置的切割构件设置在近侧。
17.一种外科器械组件,所述外科器械组件包括:
外科缝合器,所述外科缝合器包括:
驱动杆;
钉仓通道;
第一对准构件;
第二对准构件;和
保持键;
钉仓,所述钉仓能够设置在所述钉仓通道内,所述钉仓包括:
可动构件,所述可动构件包括刀刃,其中所述可动构件能够与所述驱动杆以操作方式接合;
钉仓主体,所述钉仓主体包括:
组织接触表面;
切割狭槽,所述切割狭槽能够接纳所述刀刃;
第一主体部分,所述第一主体部分设置在所述切割狭槽的第一侧面上;
第二主体部分,所述第二主体部分设置在所述切割狭槽的第二侧面上;
多个第一钉腔,所述多个第一钉腔位于所述第一主体部分内;
多个第二钉腔,所述多个第二钉腔位于所述第二主体部分内;
第一对准狭槽,所述第一对准狭槽位于所述第一主体部分内并且能够接纳所述外科缝合器的第一对准构件;
第二对准狭槽,所述第二对准狭槽位于所述第二主体部分内并且能够接纳所述外科缝合器的第二对准构件;
第一横向抓握构件,所述第一横向抓握构件相对于所述第一对准狭槽横向地设置;
第二横向抓握构件,所述第二横向抓握构件相对于所述第二对准狭槽横向地设置;
远端;和
近端,所述近端包括:
第一近侧保持部分,所述第一近侧保持部分设置在所述切割狭槽的第一侧面上,其中所述第一近侧保持构件能够以可脱开的方式接合所述保持键;和
第二近侧保持部分,所述第二近侧保持部分设置在所述切割狭槽的第二侧面上,其中所述第二近侧保持构件能够以可脱开的方式接合所述保持键;
多个第一缝钉,所述多个第一缝钉设置在所述多个第一钉腔内;
多个第二缝钉,所述多个第二缝钉设置在所述多个第二钉腔内;
多个第一缝钉驱动器,所述多个第一缝钉驱动器设置在所述第一钉腔内;
多个第二缝钉驱动器,所述多个第二缝钉驱动器设置在所述第二钉腔内;以及
保持器,所述保持器附接至所述钉仓主体且能够保持位于所述第一钉腔内的所述第一缝钉驱动器和位于所述第二钉腔内的所述第二缝钉驱动器。
18.根据权利要求17所述的钉仓,其中所述钉仓的远端包括凸起,所述凸起能够钩挂在从所述外科缝合器的钉仓通道延伸的远侧凸起下面。
19.一种与外科缝合器一起使用的钉仓,所述钉仓包括:
可动构件,所述可动构件包括刀刃;
钉仓主体,所述钉仓主体包括:
组织接触表面;
切割狭槽,所述切割狭槽能够接纳所述刀刃;
第一主体部分,所述第一主体部分设置在所述切割狭槽的第一侧面上;
第二主体部分,所述第二主体部分设置在所述切割狭槽的第二侧面上;
多个第一钉腔,所述多个第一钉腔位于所述第一主体部分内;
多个第二钉腔,所述多个第二钉腔位于所述第二主体部分内;
对准装置,所述对准装置用于接纳所述外科缝合器的第一对准构件;
横向抓握部分,所述横向抓握部分相对于所述对准狭槽横向地设置;
远端;和
近端,所述近端包括用于以可脱开的方式接合所述外科缝合器的一部分的保持装置;以及
多个第一缝钉,所述多个第一缝钉设置在所述多个第一钉腔内;
多个第二缝钉,所述多个第二缝钉设置在所述多个第二钉腔内;
多个第一缝钉驱动器,所述多个第一缝钉驱动器设置在所述第一钉腔内;以及
多个第二缝钉驱动器,所述多个第二缝钉驱动器设置在所述第二钉腔内。
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PCT/US2011/027504 WO2011115780A1 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2011-03-08 | Staple cartidge |
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AU2011227615B2 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
CA2793295A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
WO2011115780A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
EP2547267B1 (en) | 2020-12-09 |
BR112012023435A2 (pt) | 2017-10-24 |
CN102933159B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
JP2013521934A (ja) | 2013-06-13 |
US20100213241A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
AU2011227615A1 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
US8540133B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 |
BR112012023435B1 (pt) | 2021-01-05 |
EP2547267A1 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
JP5897541B2 (ja) | 2016-04-13 |
CA2793295C (en) | 2018-03-27 |
PL2547267T3 (pl) | 2021-05-31 |
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