CN103001242A - HVDC (high voltage direct current controller) and UPFC (unified power flow controller) system based on modularized multi-level converter - Google Patents
HVDC (high voltage direct current controller) and UPFC (unified power flow controller) system based on modularized multi-level converter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an HVDC (high voltage direct current controller) and UPFC (unified power flow controller) system based on a modularized multi-level converter. The HVDC and UPFC system comprises converting devices (1, 2 and 11), grounding circuits (3 and 12) and a direct current transmission line (13). The UPFC is formed by the converting device (1) and the converting device (2). The HVDC is formed by the converting device (1) and converting device (11). The HVDC and the UPFC shares one converting device, so that cost and investment for engineering construction are saved, equipment utilization rate is improved, concentrated management and control are facilitated. The converting devices use the topological structure of the modularized multi-level converter, so that technical difficulty in component serial connection is avoided, split-phase control and modularization are facilitated, fault units can be bypassed through redundancy, operation stability of the devices is improved, on and off frequency of components is low, and device operation loss is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of power electronics, be specifically related to a kind of HVDC based on modularization multi-level converter UPFC system of holding concurrently.
Background technology
Develop rapidly under the new situation in distributed power generation, regenerative resource, intelligent grid technology, Technology of HVDC based Voltage Source Converter provides new approach for the deficiency that remedies the conventional high-tension HVDC Transmission Technology.The high voltage direct current transmission of traditional employing half control device thyristor, AC needs reactive power compensator, and the inversion side needs very powerful power supply to carry out active inversion, otherwise can produce commutation failure.Flexible DC power transmission adopts the voltage source converter based on turn-off device, has the ability of cut-off current, uses the PWM technology and carries out passive inverter, and the receiving-end system capacity is not required, and has solved electricity is sent in a difficult problem from traditional direct current transportation to passive load point; Can independently control meritoriously, idle etc., have good control flexibility; In trend when counter-rotating,, direct current direction counter-rotating and direct voltage polarity is constant conveniently consists of the direct current multi-terminal system.
The flexible DC power transmission device adopts the voltage source converter based on turn-off device, has the ability of cut-off current, uses the PWM technology and carries out passive inverter, and the receiving-end system capacity is not required, and has solved electricity is sent in a difficult problem from traditional direct current transportation to passive load point; Can independently control meritoriously, idle etc., have good control flexibility.Its main circuit topology adopts the mode of two voltage source converters (VSC) DC side parallel, wherein a converter AC is direct or in parallel with system by transformer, DC side connects power transmission line, after arriving the transmission of electricity destination, another converter AC is direct or in parallel with the system of destination by transformer.
THE UPFC (UPFC) is the best FACTS device of versatility up to now, only by the change of control law, and just can be respectively or realize simultaneously several different functions such as shunt compensation, series compensation and phase shift.The UPFC device can be regarded as a STATCOM (STATCOM) device and consists of at DC side parallel with a Static Series Synchronous Compensator (SSSC) device, it can be simultaneously and fast, active power and reactive power in the independent control transmission line, thereby so that UPFC has the four quadrant running function that STATCOM, SSSC device do not possess.
UPFC device main circuit topology adopts the mode of two voltage source converters based on the MMC structure (VSC) DC side parallel, wherein a converter AC is direct or in parallel with system by transformer, and another converter AC is by transformer and Cascade System.Owing to adopted turn-off device control, so that the output voltage of parallel inverter and series winding converter can be controlled separately.Each converter can both independently absorb or supply with reactive power and active power at ac output end.
Among flexible DC power transmission and the UPFC, voltage source converter (VSC) adopts two level or three level structures usually.Among large capacity flexible DC power transmission and the UPFC, the mode that VSC need to take to turn-off power electronic device (typical device such as insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT) series connection improves the voltage endurance capability of device.The technological difficulties of turn-off device IGBT series connection are mainly manifested in: be subjected to the impact of technical monopoly, the IGBT device with self limiting short-circuit current characteristic is difficult to buying, and it is not deep enough that the control technology of IGBT series average-voltage is studied in theory.For reducing the device output harmonic wave, need to adopt higher switching frequency, thereby the device running wastage is larger.These have limited the application of large capacity flexible DC power transmission and UPFC.
Modularization multi-level converter (MMC) is a kind of novel topological structure that adopts a plurality of submodule series connection, and its each phase brachium pontis is divided into brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis, and upper and lower bridge arm is followed in series to form by N identical submodule and AC reactor respectively.Each submodule is made of with electric capacity in parallel the half-bridge structure that two insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) and anti-paralleled diode thereof form.Each submodule is a two terminal device, and it can be simultaneously in the switching of carrying out in the situation of two kinds of senses of current between full module voltage and zero module voltage.MMC has avoided the technological difficulties of device series connection, and output waveform is many level, effectively reduces physical switch frequency and the switching loss of switching device; The peculiar modular construction of MMC makes its flexible design, is beneficial to batch production; Be convenient to minute phase control and modularized design, but by redundant technique bypass trouble unit, and then improve the device operational reliability; The devices switch frequency is lower, and the device running wastage is less.
Based on above characteristics, modularization multi-level converter extremely is adapted at using in flexible DC power transmission system and the THE UPFC (UPFC), advantage in high-power is used is particularly evident, will be one of main flow topology of multi-level converter of future generation.
The problems such as in the common Practical Project, flexible DC power transmission device and UPFC independently build with operation often, and this has caused the overlapping investment construction, cost is high, utilization rate of equipment and installations is low, management and control are concentrated.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of flexible DC power transmission HVDC based on modularization multi-level converter THE UPFC UPFC system of holding concurrently, utilize voltage source converter direct voltage polarity constant, the convenient characteristics that consist of the direct current multi-terminal system, flexible DC power transmission and UPFC share a current converter, save engineering construction cost and investment, improved the utilance of equipment, be convenient to centralized management and control.
A kind of HVDC based on modularization multi-level converter provided by the invention UPFC system of holding concurrently comprises current converter 1, current converter 2, current converter 11, earthed circuit 3, earthed circuit 12 and DC transmission line 13; Described current converter 1 comprises transformer 7, start-up circuit 5 and converter 6; Its improvements are,
Described transformer 7 former limits access in parallel electrical network, described transformer 7 secondary are connected with described start-up circuit 5 and described converter 6 successively; Behind the described converter 6 two ends earth circuit 3, be divided at least two branch roads, branch road one is to be connected with described electrical network after earthed circuit 3 two ends connect described current converter 2, consists of one group of THE UPFC UPFC; Branch road two is to be connected with electrical network after earthed circuit 3 two ends are connected with described current converter 11 by described DC transmission line 13, consists of one group of flexible DC power transmission HVDC; Earth circuit 12 between described DC transmission line 13 and the described current converter 11.Described transformer 7 former limit neutral grounds.
Wherein, described current converter 11 comprises start-up circuit 14 and converter 15; Described start-up circuit 14 is connected between electrical network and the described converter 15.Preferably, described current converter 11 can also comprise transformer 16, is arranged between described start-up circuit 14 and the described electrical network, is used for the coupling of system voltage and converter 15 voltages; Described transformer 16 former limits are in parallel with described electrical network, and its secondary is connected with described start-up circuit 14.Described transformer 16 former limit neutral grounds.
Wherein, described current converter 2 comprises transformer 10, start-up circuit 8 and converter 9; Described transformer 10 former limits are connected between described electrical network and the load, and described transformer 10 secondary are connected with described start-up circuit 5 and described converter 6 successively.
Wherein, described earthed circuit 3 and 12 is ground capacity or earth resistance, is used for preventing electric potential floating, fixed system current potential; The neutral ground of described ground capacity; The neutral ground of described earth resistance.
Wherein, when described earthed circuit 3 and 12 was described ground capacity, described converter 6 was made of six brachium pontis of 3 phases, and each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and Q the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit 5 by reactor after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis; Submodule one end of the cascade of two brachium pontis of the other end and other is connected.
Wherein, when described earthed circuit 3 and 12 was described ground capacity, described converter 9 was made of six brachium pontis of 3 phases, and each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and W the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit 8 by reactor after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis; Submodule one end of the cascade of two brachium pontis of the other end and other is connected.
Wherein, when described earthed circuit 3 and 12 was described ground capacity, described converter 15 was made of six brachium pontis of 3 phases, and each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and R the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit 14 by reactor after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis; Submodule one end of the cascade of two brachium pontis of the other end and other is connected.
Wherein, when described earthed circuit 3 and 12 was described earth resistance, described converter 6 was made of six brachium pontis of 3 phases, and each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and N the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit 5 after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis, is connected with other reactor of two brachium pontis behind the other end series reactor.
Wherein, when described earthed circuit 3 and 12 was described earth resistance, described converter 9 was made of six brachium pontis of 3 phases, and each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and M the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit 8 after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis, is connected with other reactor of two brachium pontis behind the other end series reactor.
Wherein, when described earthed circuit 3 and 12 was described earth resistance, described converter 15 was made of six brachium pontis of 3 phases, and each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and P the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit 14 after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis, is connected with other reactor of two brachium pontis behind the other end series reactor.
Wherein, described submodule consists of by half-bridge structure is in parallel with dc capacitor, and described half-bridge structure comprises the IGBT module of two series connection, and each IGBT module comprises antiparallel IGBT and diode;
Submodule bypass circuit in parallel between described half-bridge structure mid point and the IGBT emitter;
Described dc capacitor can power supply provides power supply for the control circuit of submodule by getting.
Wherein, described start-up circuit 5,8 and 14 includes resistance and switch in parallel.
Wherein, described flexible DC power transmission HVDC can adopt two ends form or multiterminal form; Described THE UPFC UPFC can adopt two ends or multiterminal form; Described HVDC holds concurrently in the UPFC system, and the positive and negative busbar of HVDC (being common DC bus) links to each other with the positive and negative busbar (being common DC bus) of UPFC.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention can significantly improve installed capacity, need not to adopt the technology of complicated IGBT device series connection;
The present invention can realize a minute phase control;
The present invention can realize modularized design;
But the present invention improves the device operational reliability by redundant technique bypass trouble unit;
For reducing output harmonic wave, IGBT device tandem plan switching frequency is usually higher, and the device loss is larger; This programme has adopted the modular multilevel technology, and the switching frequency of each device is lower, but can realize that external equivalent switching frequency is very high, reduces output harmonic wave, and it is less therefore to install running wastage;
Flexible DC power transmission of the present invention and UPFC share a current converter, have saved engineering construction cost and investment, have improved the utilance of equipment, are convenient to centralized management and control.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is modularization multi-level converter MMC topology diagram provided by the invention (scheme one).
Fig. 2 is modularization multi-level converter MMC topology diagram provided by the invention (scheme two).
Fig. 3 is the topological diagram (scheme one) that the flexible DC power transmission HVDC based on modularization multi-level converter MMC provided by the invention holds concurrently THE UPFC UPFC.
Fig. 4 is the topological diagram (scheme two) that the flexible DC power transmission HVDC based on modularization multi-level converter MMC provided by the invention holds concurrently THE UPFC UPFC.
Fig. 5 is single submodular circuits figure provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 is modularization multi-level converter MMC topology diagram provided by the invention (scheme three).
Wherein, (1) is current converter; (2) be current converter; (3) be ground capacity or earth resistance in the earthed circuit; (4) be by-pass switch; (5) be start-up circuit; (6) be converter; (7) be transformer; (8) be start-up circuit; (9) be converter; (10) be transformer; (11) be current converter; (12) be earthed circuit; (13) be DC transmission line; (14) be start-up circuit; (15) be converter; (16) be transformer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
A kind of HVDC based on modularization multi-level converter that present embodiment provides UPFC system of holding concurrently, its topological diagram comprises current converter 1, current converter 2, current converter 11, earthed circuit 3, earthed circuit 12 and DC transmission line 13 as shown in Figure 3;
Described current converter 1 one ends are connected with electrical network, and the other end is in parallel with earthed circuit 3; Earthed circuit 3 two ends are divided at least two branch roads, and branch road one is connected with described electrical network after connecting described current converter 2, consists of one group of THE UPFC UPFC; Branch road two is connected with electrical network after being connected with described current converter 11 by described DC transmission line 13, consists of one group of flexible DC power transmission HVDC; Earth electric capacity 12 between described DC transmission line 13 and the described current converter 11.
Wherein, each device is constructed as follows:
Described current converter 1 comprises transformer 7, start-up circuit 5 and converter 6 (converter 6 is cascade half-bridge structure voltage source converter, for flexible DC power transmission and THE UPFC shared); Described transformer 7 former limit access in parallel electrical network and ground connection, described transformer 7 secondary are connected with described start-up circuit 5 and described converter 6 successively; Described converter 6 two ends are in parallel with earthed circuit 3;
Described current converter 11 comprises start-up circuit 14 and converter 15; Described start-up circuit 14 1 ends are connected with electrical network, the other end and 15 series connection of described converter.In order to realize the coupling of system voltage and converter 15 voltages, a transformer 16 is set between start-up circuit 14 and described electrical network, described transformer 16 former limits and ground connection in parallel with described electrical network, its secondary is connected with described start-up circuit 14.
Described current converter 2 comprises transformer 10, start-up circuit 8 and converter 9; The described electrical network of described transformer 10 former limit series connection accesses, described transformer 10 secondary are connected with described start-up circuit 5 and described converter 6 successively; Described transformer 10 former limits are connected with load.
All for the soft start of implement device, it includes resistance and switch in parallel to described start-up circuit 5,8 and 14.
Converter 6 links to each other with the positive and negative busbar of converter 9, and earth circuit 3 between the positive and negative busbar consists of the intermediate dc link and links to each other, and active power can be carried out bi-directional between two current converters like this; Reactive power can be exchanged with system at its AC independently by each current converter.
Described earthed circuit 3 and 12---flexible DC power transmission and THE UPFC shares, and it is ground capacity or earth resistance, is used for preventing electric potential floating, fixed system current potential; The neutral ground of described ground capacity; The neutral ground of described earth resistance.
When described earthed circuit 3 and 12 was described ground capacity: described converter 6 as shown in Figure 1, consisted of by six brachium pontis of 3 phases, each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and Q the submodule that structure is identical, an end is connected with described start-up circuit 5 by reactor after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis, and submodule one end of the cascade of two brachium pontis of the other end and other is connected and draws direct current positive and negative busbar (shown in the sign that marks among the figure); Described converter 9 structures are identical with structure shown in Figure 1, consisted of by six brachium pontis of 3 phases, each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and W the submodule that structure is identical, an end is connected with described start-up circuit 5 by reactor after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis, and submodule one end of the cascade of two brachium pontis of the other end and other is connected and draws the direct current positive and negative busbar; Described converter 15 structures are identical with structure shown in Figure 1, are made of six brachium pontis of 3 phases, and each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and R the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit 5 by reactor after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis; Submodule one end of the cascade of two brachium pontis of the other end and other is connected and draws the direct current positive and negative busbar.Above-mentioned reactance is used for suppressing the convertor assembly output harmonic wave.Wherein, Q, W and R are positive integer, and the number of Q, W and R can equate, also can not wait.When described earthed circuit 3 and 12 was described earth resistance: described converter 6 as shown in Figure 2, consisted of by six brachium pontis of 3 phases, each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and N the submodule that structure is identical, an end is connected with described start-up circuit 5 after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis, is connected with the reactor of other two brachium pontis behind the other end series reactor and draws direct current positive and negative busbar (shown in the sign that marks among the figure); Described converter 9 structures are identical with structure shown in Figure 2, consisted of by six brachium pontis of 3 phases, each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and M the submodule that structure is identical, an end is connected with described start-up circuit 5 after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis, is connected with the reactor of other two brachium pontis behind the other end series reactor and draws the direct current positive and negative busbar; Described converter 15 structures are identical with structure shown in Figure 2, consisted of by six brachium pontis of 3 phases, each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and P the submodule that structure is identical, an end is connected with described start-up circuit 5 after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis, is connected with the reactor of other two brachium pontis behind the other end series reactor and draws the direct current positive and negative busbar.Above-mentioned reactance be used for to suppress thunder and lightning, operation ripple from system to the infringement of equipment.Wherein, N, M and P are positive integer, and the number of N, M and P can equate, also can not wait.
Above-mentioned its circuit diagram of described submodule consists of by half-bridge structure is in parallel with dc capacitor as shown in Figure 5, and described half-bridge structure comprises the IGBT module of two series connection, and each IGBT module comprises antiparallel IGBT and diode; Submodule bypass circuit in parallel between described half-bridge structure mid point and the IGBT emitter; The submodule half-bridge is used for the output required voltage; Its direct current capacitor is used for providing the submodule voltage support; During the submodule internal fault, its bypass circuit is used for making submodule out of service, realizes the operation of STATCOM (current conversion station 1) device redundancey; Described dc capacitor by get can power supply for the control circuit of submodule provides power supply, control circuit is used for realizing control, monitoring and the protection to submodule.
Described flexible DC power transmission HVDC can adopt two ends form or multiterminal form; Described THE UPFC UPFC can adopt two ends or multiterminal form; Described HVDC holds concurrently in the UPFC system, the positive and negative busbar of HVDC (being common DC bus) link to each other with the positive and negative busbar (being common DC bus) of UPFC (positive pole connects positive pole, and negative pole connects negative pole).
Embodiment two
Present embodiment and embodiment one are basic identical, but distinctive points is:
Present embodiment for the access of controlling current converter 2 with withdraw from, present embodiment is by-pass switch 4 in parallel at transformer 10 two ends, as shown in Figure 6.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not break away from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. the HVDC based on modularization multi-level converter UPFC system of holding concurrently comprises current converter (1,2,11), earthed circuit (3,12) and DC transmission line (13); Described current converter (1) comprises transformer (7), start-up circuit (5) and converter (6); It is characterized in that,
The former limit of described transformer (7) access in parallel electrical network, described transformer (7) secondary is connected with described start-up circuit (5) and described converter (6) successively; Behind described converter (6) the two ends earth circuit (3), be divided at least two branch roads, described current converter (2) is rear to be connected with described electrical network branch road one for earthed circuit (3) two ends connect, and consists of one group of THE UPFC UPFC; Branch road two is to be connected with electrical network after earthed circuit (3) two ends are connected with described current converter (11) by described DC transmission line (13), consists of one group of flexible DC power transmission HVDC; Earth circuit (12) between described DC transmission line (13) and the described current converter (11).
2. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described current converter (11) comprises start-up circuit (14) and converter (15); Described start-up circuit (14) is connected between electrical network and the described converter (15).
3. such as the arbitrary described system of claim 2, it is characterized in that, described current converter (11) comprises transformer (16), is arranged between described start-up circuit (14) and the described electrical network, is used for the coupling of system voltage and converter (15) voltage; The former limit of described transformer (16) is in parallel with described electrical network, and its secondary is connected with described start-up circuit (14).
4. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described current converter (2) comprises transformer (10), start-up circuit (8) and converter (9); The former limit of described transformer (10) is connected between described electrical network and the load, and described transformer (10) secondary is connected with described start-up circuit (5) and described converter (6) successively.
5. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described earthed circuit (3,12) is ground capacity or earth resistance, is used for preventing electric potential floating, fixed system current potential; The neutral ground of described ground capacity; The neutral ground of described earth resistance.
6. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, when described earthed circuit (3,12) when being described ground capacity, described converter (6) by 3 mutually six brachium pontis consist of, each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and Q the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit (5) by reactor after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis; Submodule one end of the cascade of two brachium pontis of the other end and other is connected.
7. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, when described earthed circuit (3,12) when being described ground capacity, described converter (9) by 3 mutually six brachium pontis consist of, each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and W the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit (8) by reactor after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis; Submodule one end of the cascade of two brachium pontis of the other end and other is connected.
8. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, when described earthed circuit (3,12) when being described ground capacity, described converter (15) by 3 mutually six brachium pontis consist of, each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and R the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit (14) by reactor after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis; Submodule one end of the cascade of two brachium pontis of the other end and other is connected.
9. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, when described earthed circuit (3,12) when being described earth resistance, described converter (6) by 3 mutually six brachium pontis consist of, each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and N the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit (5) after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis, is connected with other reactor of two brachium pontis behind the other end series reactor.
10. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, when described earthed circuit (3,12) when being described earth resistance, described converter (9) by 3 mutually six brachium pontis consist of, each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and M the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit (8) after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis, is connected with other reactor of two brachium pontis behind the other end series reactor.
11. the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when described earthed circuit (3,12) when being described earth resistance, described converter (15) by 3 mutually six brachium pontis consist of, each brachium pontis comprises 1 reactor and P the submodule that structure is identical; An end is connected with described start-up circuit (14) after the submodule cascade of each brachium pontis, is connected with other reactor of two brachium pontis behind the other end series reactor.
12., it is characterized in that described submodule consists of by half-bridge structure is in parallel with dc capacitor such as the arbitrary described system of claim 6-11, described half-bridge structure comprises the IGBT module of two series connection, each IGBT module comprises antiparallel IGBT and diode;
Submodule bypass circuit in parallel between described half-bridge structure mid point and the IGBT emitter;
Described dc capacitor can power supply provides power supply for the control circuit of submodule by getting.
13., it is characterized in that described start-up circuit (5,8,14) comprises resistance and switch in parallel such as the arbitrary described system of claim 1-11.
14. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described transformer (7) former limit neutral ground.
15. system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described transformer (16) former limit neutral ground.
16. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described flexible DC power transmission HVDC adopts two ends form or multiterminal form; Described THE UPFC UPFC adopts two ends or multiterminal form; Described HVDC holds concurrently in the UPFC system, and the positive and negative busbar of HVDC links to each other with the positive and negative busbar of UPFC.
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| CN112072639A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-11 | 东南大学 | Module-shared power grid flexible closed-loop controller topology |
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