CN103126726A - Fat thickness measuring device - Google Patents
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- CN103126726A CN103126726A CN2012100315182A CN201210031518A CN103126726A CN 103126726 A CN103126726 A CN 103126726A CN 2012100315182 A CN2012100315182 A CN 2012100315182A CN 201210031518 A CN201210031518 A CN 201210031518A CN 103126726 A CN103126726 A CN 103126726A
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Abstract
The invention provides a fat thickness measuring device which comprises an ultrasonic probe, a control unit, a display unit and a power supply unit, wherein the ultrasonic probe is used for emitting ultrasonic wave to an object to be measured, receiving ultrasonic echoes of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe at the same time, and outputting received ultrasonic echo signals; the control unit is used for controlling the ultrasonic probe to emit the ultrasonic wave, receiving the ultrasonic echo signals outputted by the ultrasonic probe, processing and calculating the ultrasonic echo signals, obtaining the fat thickness of the object to be measured through calculation, and then outputting fat thickness data; the display unit is used for receiving and displaying the fat thickness data outputted by the control unit; and the power supply unit is used for providing electric energy for the ultrasonic probe, the control unit and the display unit. The fat thickness measuring device is small in size, convenient to carry, easy to operate, visualized in numerical reading, and especially suitable for fat thickness monitoring utilization by an individual of families or fitness centers.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of ultrasonic application, be specifically related to a kind of fat thickness measurement device.
Background technology
Along with the change of socioeconomic development and people life style, people's living standard is greatly improved, yet this also makes fat phenomenon more and more general, and health problem fat and that cause has become the focus that people pay close attention to.
In human body, the percentage composition of fat is the important symbol of weighing health status, studies show that, have obvious dependency between the percentage composition of the Body Mass Index of most of individualities (Body Mass Index: be called for short BMI) and body fat, therefore more present health check-up mechanism Body Mass Indexs commonly used are weighed the obese degree of body.But fat reason and many factors are closely bound up, and Body Mass Index can not be reacted fat concrete situation all sidedly, can't determine also body fat mainly is distributed in which position of health, and specifically how much the fat thickness at health certain position.
Clinical Practice proves, subcutaneous fat is the key component of body fat, and subcutaneous layer of fat has approximately stored 2/3 of body fat total amount.Therefore, measure the availability indexes that subcutaneous fat thickness becomes total fatty situation in estimated body, in addition, the specific part subcutaneous fat thickness is measured also be can be corresponding body-shaping slimming method reference frame is provided.At present, measure the subcutaneous fat thickness common method and comprise sebum meter (also cry and refer to pinching method) and slide calliper rule method, yet these two kinds of methods there is certain limitation, and all can not intuitively reflect subcutaneous fat thickness.
In recent years along with the development of Medical Technology, at home and abroad (Computed Tomography: electronic computer x-ray tomography technology) (Magnetic Resonance Imaging: nuclear magnetic resonance) method etc. is measured subcutaneous fat thickness for method, MRI for existing using ultrasound method, CT.Think at present, CT method and MRI method are to measure Fat Distribution and content accuracy and repeatable the best way, but are unfavorable for carrying out with reasons such as operating inconvenience because cost is higher.
Ultrasonic method is mainly to utilize ultrasound wave to pass the various differences (as different in acoustic impedance) of organizing acoustic characteristic in human body, can be in the character that produces at the interface reflection, refraction and scattering of two kinds of different acoustic impedances, produce the signal of different reflection, refraction and Scattering Rules by detecting Different Organs and tissue, demonstrate the interface of internal organs and the fine structure of organization internal, with this foundation as diagnosis and measurement.At present, it is substantially all to adopt the B ultrasonic diagnostic equipment that the domestic and international application ultrasonic method is measured subcutaneous fat thickness, but in practical clinical, the B ultrasonic diagnostic equipment is all to be exclusively used in medical diagnosis on disease basically, and measuring fat thickness is its subsidiary measure the item; And, the B ultrasonic diagnostic equipment is general only just to be had in medical institutions, it is bulky, expensive, and the specific people that need to possess relevant medical knowledge could use and measure exactly, also be not fit on the market at present family's monitoring fat thickness or gymnasium individual and observe at any time fat thickness, so that small-sized, the portable fat thickness measurement device of check motion at any time and the effect of going on a diet.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above shortcomings in prior art, provide that a kind of volume is little, portable fat thickness measurement device, this fat thickness measurement device especially is fit to use when family's monitoring fat thickness or gymnasium individual observe fat thickness at any time.
The existing measuring device that carries out fat thickness measurement that also is not exclusively used on the market, at present, the measurement of fat thickness is generally when adopting Sono-diagnostic B-mode Scanner to carry out medical diagnosis on disease, measures by way of parenthesis subcutaneous fat thickness.
By the medical ultrasound equipment hierarchical taxonomy, existing ultrasonic diagnostic equipment mainly comprises the A-mode ultrasonic diagnostic equipment and Sono-diagnostic B-mode Scanner.Forming on mechanism, Sono-diagnostic B-mode Scanner adopts the gray modulation imaging mode, after ultrasonic probe emission ultrasound wave wherein, return to a two-dimentional tangent plane faultage image, therefore can see intuitively the image of each aspect, and intuitively measure, range of application is wider, but what return due to this probe is two dimensional image, thereby data volume is also large, is difficult to make portable set; Because the A-mode ultrasonic diagnostic equipment adopts the amplitude modulation(PAM) imaging mode, after ultrasonic probe emission ultrasound wave wherein, what return is an One-Dimensional Ultrasonic echo-signal, the information that can only reflect local organization due to this echo-signal, the dissection figure that can not need in clinical diagnosis obtain, and operator's knowledge figure experience is very large on the accuracy impact of diagnosis, so its using value is gradually low, all produces seldom again and use at present the A-mode ultrasonic diagnostic equipment both at home and abroad.
Yet, the inventor finds, although the ultrasound echo signal that the ultrasonic probe in the A-mode ultrasonic diagnostic equipment receives can't obtain the needed dissection figure of clinical diagnosis, but this ultrasonic echo carries the primary signal of human tissue structure, contain abundant information source, get rid of the factor that the operator has knowledge figure difference, its ultrasound echo signal that receives can reflect the human tissue structure characteristic truly, exactly, by obtaining this ultrasonic echo and it being carried out analyzing and processing, just can measure individual subcutaneous fat thickness; And, although the ultrasonic echo that in the A-mode ultrasonic diagnostic equipment, ultrasonic probe obtains does not have the two-dimensional ultrasound faultage image that in Sono-diagnostic B-mode Scanner, ultrasonic probe returns so directly perceived, but what return due to it is an one-dimensional signal, so data volume is little, is easy to make portable set.
Simultaneously, from the human anatomy angle, human body comprises superficial fascia and the deep fascia that spreads all over whole body.Wherein, superficial fascia claims again subcutaneous fascia, is positioned at subcutaneously, is made of loose connective tissue, mostly contains fat; Deep fascia claims again fascia propria, is positioned at below superficial fascia, is made of dense connective tissue, be used for to coat the tissue of body wall, extremity and blood vessel, nerve etc.And the fatty tissue of human body comprises the fat that subcutaneous fat and body inner lamination distribute.Wherein, subcutaneous fat refers to be stored in subcutaneous fatty tissue, is positioned at below skin layer (being skin corium), more than the deep fascia layer; Body fat mainly refers to be stored in the visceral adipose tissue and the yellow fat tissue that is present in bone marrow in abdominal cavity.Because the fat in human body approximately has 2/3 to be subcutaneous fat, and the fat that is distributed in human body viscera is difficult to measure, and therefore the measurement of fat thickness is mainly carried out for subcutaneous fat at present.when ultrasound wave passed human body, subcutaneous fat is met ultrasound wave can produce less intense echo, the echogenic dots of this less intense echo for disperseing, when ultrasound wave arrives the position (being the intersection of fat deposit and fascia layer) of subcutaneous fascia coated fat, the ultrasonic echo of meeting the generation of ultrasound wave back reflection due to fascia is the stronger high strength echo of amplitude, therefore utilize ultrasonic probe that this high-intensity ultrasonic echo is received, and by the intensity of received ultrasonic echo is analyzed, thereby the ultrasonic echo of the subcutaneous fascia layer intersection that the fat deposit that can identify subcutaneous different depth is adjacent with this fat deposit, and according to the time that receives this ultrasonic echo, can obtain ultrasound wave from entering skin to passing certain fat deposit duration used, spread speed due to ultrasound wave in tissue is known, pass through compute distance values, can obtain the thickness of this fat deposit at last.
The technical scheme that solution the technology of the present invention problem adopts is that this fat thickness measurement device comprises:
Ultrasonic probe is used for receiving simultaneously it and launching hyperacoustic ultrasonic echo to measurand emission ultrasound wave, and with the ultrasound echo signal output that receives;
Control unit be used for to be controlled ultrasonic probe emission ultrasound wave, and the ultrasound echo signal that receives ultrasonic probe output is also processed and calculated described ultrasound echo signal, by calculating the fat thickness of measurand, then with this fat thickness data output;
Display unit is used for the fat thickness data that reception and indicative control unit are exported;
Power subsystem is used to ultrasonic probe, control unit and display unit that electric energy is provided.
Preferably, described control unit comprises:
Transmitter unit is used for controlling ultrasonic probe emission ultrasound wave;
The ultrasonic echo processing unit be used for to receive the ultrasound echo signal of ultrasonic probe output and described ultrasound echo signal is processed, to obtain fat deposit under skin and the ultrasonic echo of the intersection between the subcutaneous fascia layer under this fat deposit;
Computing unit is used for calculating according to the ultrasonic echo that obtains the thickness of fat deposit under skin, then exports the fat thickness data that calculate to display unit.
Preferably, described ultrasonic echo processing unit comprises processing unit and post-processed unit in early stage, wherein:
Processing unit, be used for the ultrasound echo signal of described ultrasonic probe output is carried out the amplitude amplification and eliminates to disturb and process, and stored after the ultrasound echo signal digitized after processing early stage;
The post-processed unit, be used for extracting the ultrasound echo signal of processing unit in early stage and described ultrasound echo signal being identified, identify the primary event echo of the intersection between the subcutaneous fascia layer under each fat deposit and described each fat deposit under the skin that ultrasonic probe receives, and other multiple-reflection echoes of filtering, then export the primary event echo-signal that identification obtains to computing unit;
described computing unit is used for the primary event echo-signal according to post-processed unit output, calculate the fat thickness of measurand by formula h=(T*V)/2, wherein, h represents fat thickness, T represents duration, the ultrasound wave that namely refers to ultrasonic probe emission is from entering skin and beginning until receive the duration of the primary event echo-signal of the intersection between the subcutaneous fascia layer under innermost fat deposit and this fat deposit under skin, refer to that perhaps ultrasonic probe receives the primary event echo and the time difference that receives the primary event echo at (N+1) interface at N interface, V represents the spread speed of ultrasound wave in human body, V is preset in computing unit as a fixed value.
Wherein, the described spread speed V=1540m/s of ultrasound wave in human body that defaults in computing unit.
Further preferably, include amplifying circuit, filter circuit, detecting circuit, A/D change-over circuit and memorizer described early stage in processing unit, wherein:
Amplifying circuit is used for receiving the ultrasound echo signal of ultrasonic probe, and the ultrasound echo signal of ultrasonic probe output is amplified, then the output of the ultrasound echo signal after amplifying;
Filter circuit be used for to receive the ultrasound echo signal of amplifying circuit output, and the filtering electromagnetic interference wave and the higher hamonic wave that wherein mix, then with filtered ultrasound echo signal output;
Detecting circuit is used for the ultrasound echo signal of wave reception filtering circuit output, and the ultrasonic echo circuit that receives is carried out peak envelop detection process, then the ultrasound echo signal after peak envelop detection is processed is exported;
The A/D change-over circuit is used for converting ultrasound echo signal to digitized ultrasound echo signal, then with digitized ultrasound echo signal output;
Memorizer is used for receiving and storing the digitized ultrasound echo signal of A/D change-over circuit output.
Further preferably, include compensating unit, the filtering of small-signal echo unit, multiple-reflection echoes filtering unit and whole ripple unit in described post-processed unit, be preset with compensating factor in described compensating unit, wherein:
Compensating unit be used for to extract the digitized ultrasound echo signal of memorizer, and the ultrasound echo signal amplitude of extracting is added ultrasound echo signal after being compensated after compensating factor, then the ultrasound echo signal after compensate is exported;
Small-signal echo filtering unit is used for receiving the ultrasound echo signal after compensation that compensating unit is exported, and filtering small-signal echo wherein, then the ultrasound echo signal after filtering small-signal echo is exported;
Multiple-reflection echoes filtering unit, be used for receiving the ultrasound echo signal of small-signal echo filtering unit output, and the ultrasound echo signal after filtering small-signal echo is analyzed, therefrom identify the primary event echo of the intersection between the subcutaneous fascia layer under each fat deposit and this fat deposit under the skin that ultrasonic probe receives, other multiple-reflection echoes of filtering, then with filtering the primary event echo-signal output after multiple-reflection echoes;
Whole ripple unit is used for receiving the primary event echo-signal of multiple-reflection echoes filtering unit output, and it is carried out whole ripple, then exports the primary event echo-signal after whole ripple to computing unit.
Wherein, described compensating factor=penalty coefficient * ultrasonic frequency, described penalty coefficient is set as 0.81dB/cmMHz, and ultrasonic frequency refers to the ultrasonic frequency that ultrasonic probe is launched, and the span of this ultrasonic frequency is 1.5MHz～15MHz.
Preferably, also include interface unit in this device, described interface unit is used for the fat thickness data that control unit calculates are delivered to and shows on external equipment or the ultrasound echo signal that ultrasonic probe receives delivered to proceeded on external equipment to process, and perhaps is used for power subsystem is charged.
Preferably, described control unit adopts dsp chip or MCU chip or ARM chip.
Preferred ultrasonic probe is the ultrasonic probe in the A-mode ultrasonic diagnostic equipment, and this ultrasonic probe adopts transmitting-receiving separate type ultrasonic probe.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: fat thickness measurement device of the present invention not only can be measured the thickness of subcutaneous whole fat deposit, also can check as required the distribution situation of subcutaneous fat simultaneously, and the thickness of measuring each fat deposit.This fat thickness measurement device volume is little, be easy to carry, and simple to operate, reading intuitively, especially is fit to family's monitoring fat thickness or gymnasium individual's use, so that observe at any time the fat thickness of self, check motion at any time and the effect of going on a diet, for people's build of keeping fit provides necessary reference, thereby can effectively reduce the generation of " obesity ".
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of one embodiment of the invention fat thickness measurement device;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of ultrasonic echo processing unit in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the oscillogram of the ultrasound echo signal after amplifying circuit amplifies;
Fig. 4 is the oscillogram of the ultrasound echo signal that obtains after the detecting circuit detection;
Fig. 5 is the oscillogram of the ultrasound echo signal after whole ripple cell processing;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of ultrasonic probe.
In figure: 1-sound reception layer; The ultrasonic wafer of 2-; The 3-acoustic matching layer; 4-launches wafer; The 5-insulating barrier; 6-receives wafer.
The specific embodiment
For making those skilled in the art understand better technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, fat thickness measurement device of the present invention is described in further detail.
when utilizing the soft tissue on ultrasonic measurement human body shallow top layer, can be with below skin according to the distribution of fascia, the above human body superficial tissue of deep fascia layer is divided into multilamellar, wherein, following fat deposit and the subcutaneous fascia layer of skin layer is alternately distributed, setting is right after the first fat deposit of skin and the interface that is right after below the first fat deposit between the first fascia layer of the first fat deposit is the first interface, the second fat deposit that the first fascia layer is following and the interface that is right after below the second fat deposit between the second fascia layer of the second fat deposit are second contact surface, the rest may be inferred may also exist the 3rd interface and more interface between the 3rd following fat deposit of the second fascia layer and the 3rd fascia layer that is right after the 3rd fat deposit below the 3rd fat deposit.Wherein, a plurality of subcutaneous fascia layers such as above-mentioned the first fascia layer, the second fascia layer, the 3rd fascia layer are the superficial fascia of very thin thickness.
run into based on ultrasound wave the characteristic that interface between subcutaneous fascia layer under fat deposit and this fat deposit can produce stronger ultrasonic echo, fat thickness measurement device of the present invention is received the ultrasound echo signal that described interface produces, amplify and process, and analyze by the distribution characteristics to the ultrasonic echo that receives, thereby can identify respectively the first interface, second contact surface, the 3rd interface and more at the interface ultrasonic echos, can access the first interface (or second contact surface by analyzing, the 3rd interface etc.) the primary event echo of locating, second-time-around echo ..., again by identifying the waveform of the primary event echo of the intersection between the subcutaneous fascia layer under innermost fat deposit and this fat deposit under skin, and know the time that receives this ultrasonic echo, thereby can obtain the gross thickness of human body subcutaneous layer of fat, more refinement, because the interface between the fat deposit below skin layer and subcutaneous fascia layer has a plurality of, the waveform of a ultrasonic echo by identifying a certain interface (such as the first interface), and know the time that receives this waveform, just can calculate the thickness of the first fat deposit.In like manner, can obtain the thickness of the second fat deposit, the 3rd fat deposit.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, this fat thickness measurement device comprises ultrasonic probe, control unit, display unit and power subsystem.
Wherein, ultrasonic probe is used for receiving simultaneously it and launching hyperacoustic ultrasonic echo to measurand emission ultrasound wave, and with the ultrasound echo signal output that receives; Control unit be used for to be controlled ultrasonic probe emission ultrasound wave, and the ultrasonic echo that receives ultrasonic probe output is also processed and calculated described ultrasound echo signal, by calculating the fat thickness of measurand, then with this fat thickness data output; Display unit is used for the fat thickness data of reception and indicative control unit output; Power subsystem is used to ultrasonic probe, control unit and display unit that electric energy is provided.
Ultrasonic probe is the signal component of whole device, and ultrasonic probe directly contacts with human body when carrying out fat thickness measurement.Whether be same probe according to ultrasonic emitting with receiving, ultrasonic probe can be divided into transmitting-receiving integrated ultrasonic probe and transmitting-receiving separate type ultrasonic probe.In the present embodiment, ultrasonic probe adopts transmitting-receiving separate type ultrasonic probe, it comprises transmitting probe and receiving transducer, and transmitting probe is connected with transmitter unit in control unit by emission interface, triggers and produce mechanical vibration emission ultrasound wave after being driven by transmitter unit; Receiving transducer is connected with ultrasonic echo processing unit in control unit by receiving interface, meets ultrasonic echo that tissue or internal organs back reflection return after human body and sends into the ultrasonic echo processing unit and process entering.Adopt transmitting-receiving separate type ultrasonic probe to have following advantage: one, circuit is simple, efficient.In the present embodiment, the pumping signal that transmitter unit driving transmitting probe is launched is high-voltage pulse, and the device that adopts in the ultrasonic echo processing unit that is electrically connected to receiving transducer is low-voltage component, if adopt transmitting-receiving integrated ultrasonic probe, for guaranteeing the safety of circuit, must increase buffer circuit before the ultrasonic echo processing unit in control unit, burn low-voltage component or disturb ultrasonic echo to receive to prevent high voltage in transmitter unit from sealing in the ultrasonic echo processing unit, thereby can cause the circuit in control unit to become complicated; Its two, transmit and receive highly sensitive.transmitting-receiving integrated ultrasonic probe collection emission function and receiving function are all over the body, namely transmitting probe and receiving transducer are the same piezoelectric in transmitting-receiving integrated ultrasonic probe, because piezoelectric character has determined that its transmitting sensitivity and receiving sensitivity can not be just the same, some piezoelectric transmitting sensitivities are very high and receiving sensitivity is very low, other piezoelectrics receiving sensitivity are very high and transmitting sensitivity is very low, if make probe integrate emission and receiving function, must make the probe can only be with regard to a piezoelectric lower in transmitting sensitivity or receiving sensitivity, this must make the overall sensitivity of transmitting-receiving integrated ultrasonic probe reduce.Transmitting-receiving separate type ultrasonic probe can make transmitting probe adopt the high piezoelectric of transmitting sensitivity to make easily, and receiving transducer adopts the high piezoelectric of receiving sensitivity to make, thereby makes ultrasonic probe reach high as far as possible sensitivity.
Figure 6 shows that the structural representation of ultrasonic probe, wherein, Fig. 6 A is the structural representation of transmitting-receiving integrated ultrasonic probe, and in Fig. 6 A, the view in left side is the front view of ultrasonic probe, and the view on right side is the sectional view (lower same) of described ultrasonic probe.This transmitting-receiving integrated ultrasonic probe comprises sound reception layer 1, ultrasonic wafer 2 and acoustic matching layer 3; Fig. 6 B is the structural representation of transmitting-receiving separate type plane ultrasonic probe, the structural representation of the transmitting-receiving separate type ultrasonic probe that Fig. 6 C launches for focusing on, the plane receives, Fig. 6 D is planar transmit, the structural representation that focuses on the transmitting-receiving separate type ultrasonic probe that receives, and above-mentioned transmitting-receiving separate type ultrasonic probe comprises sound reception layer 1, acoustic matching layer 3, emission wafer 4 (being transmitting probe), insulating barrier 5 and receives wafer 6 (being receiving transducer).
Power subsystem provides stable voltage as the power supply unit of whole system for other unit of this device.In the present embodiment, power subsystem comprises battery, battery charging management circuit and regulating circuit.Wherein, battery generally adopts large capacity chargeable lithium cell, and battery can adopt the charging of USB interface charging modes, also can adopt the wireless charging mode to charge, so that this device is beneficial to portable use; Battery charging management circuit comprises special-purpose charging management chip, as CN3052, CN3068 etc., this charging management chip has overvoltage, overcurrent and overheat protector, the height of energy Auto-Sensing cell voltage is to obtain suitable charging current, to protect to greatest extent battery, extend the service life of battery, also have simultaneously charging process state (low current, large electric current, be full of etc.) output, make the user control at any time the power status of this device; Regulating circuit can make battery realize many power supply outputs, to satisfy the different electrical energy demands of unit in this device.
Display unit mainly comprises LCD display or the 0LED display screen with Presentation Function, is used for showing the fat thickness value that obtains after control unit is processed, so that people can read intuitively.
Control unit has following functions as central controller and the information processing centre of whole measuring device: the electric weight to power subsystem is monitored, so that this device is suitable for portable use; Be used for controlling ultrasonic probe emission ultrasound wave, receive simultaneously the ultrasound echo signal of ultrasonic probe output and described ultrasound echo signal is processed and calculated, by calculating the fat thickness of measurand, then export these fat thickness data to display unit.Wherein, control unit mainly comprises transmitter unit, ultrasonic echo processing unit and computing unit.In the present embodiment, control unit can adopt DSP (Digital Signal Processing) chip or the existing multiple chip with control function such as MCU (Micro Controller Unit) chip or ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) chip.In the present embodiment, control unit adopts the PIC singlechip chip with the DSP function.
Transmitter unit makes ultrasonic probe obtain the setting voltage of job demand, and generation high pressure negative pulse pumping signal, this high pressure negative pulse pumping signal is delivered to the transmitting probe in ultrasonic probe, make transmitting probe produce mechanical vibration and launch ultrasound wave, ultrasonic frequency is by the resonant frequency decision of this ultrasonic probe, and in the present embodiment, the resonant frequency of ultrasonic probe is 5MHz.
Hyperacoustic investigation depth scope that ultrasonic probe is launched can be regulated according to actual needs.Studies show that, the saturating property of tissue sound has identical characteristic in Different Individual, deep fascia in human body and the distance of human body skin layer generally are no more than 120mm, and usually measured fat thickness refers to the fat deposit alternately arranged with subcutaneous superficial fascia, and during hence one can see that fat thickness measurement, the thickness of measured fat deposit generally can not surpass 120mm.Therefore, in the present embodiment, can set hyperacoustic investigation depth is 120mm, can satisfy the ultrasonic echo data that records one group of complete body fat thickness.Only accept a sub-high pressure negative pulse pumping signal in the one-shot measurement process due to transmitting probe, therefore the amplitude of the ultrasound echo signal received of receiving transducer must decay gradually and reduce, even body fat thickness surpasses 120mm, due to the ultrasound echo signal that can receive in this place a little less than, thereby can ignore.Certainly, in actual applications, can suitably adjust hyperacoustic investigation depth according to actual needs, to adapt to the human body of different builds.
In the present embodiment, the ultrasonic echo processing unit is used for the ultrasound echo signal that receives is carried out date processing and preservation.Ultrasound wave enters the human body skin layer and meets afterwards the intersection of fat deposit and subcutaneous fascia layer and reflect, and the ultrasonic echo that reflects is received by the receiving transducer in ultrasonic probe, and is sent to the ultrasonic echo processing unit.As shown in Figure 2, the ultrasonic echo processing unit mainly comprises processing unit and post-processed unit in early stage, its, processing unit comprised amplifying circuit, filter circuit, detecting circuit, A/D change-over circuit and memorizer mid-early stage, and the post-processed unit comprises compensating unit, the filtering of small-signal echo unit, multiple-reflection echoes filtering unit and whole ripple unit.
The ultrasound echo signal that receives due to receiving transducer is generally very faint ultrasound echo signal, and for the ease of subsequent treatment, the faint ultrasound echo signal that first will receive amplifies by amplifying circuit.Figure 3 shows that the oscillogram of the ultrasound echo signal after amplifying circuit amplifies, in Fig. 3, abscissa is time shaft, represents namely that also ultrasound wave enters the degree of depth of inside of human body; Vertical coordinate is the amplitude of ultrasound echo signal, also namely represents the intensity of ultrasonic echo.
In the ultrasound echo signal that receiving transducer receives, carry the abundant human tissue structure feature of human body, for example: the thickness that can intuitively reflect the tissue interlayer by the ultrasound echo signal that reflects between organizational interface; But, in these ultrasound echo signals, also inevitably comprised some interfering signals, for example: the small-signal echo that electromagnetic interference wave, higher hamonic wave and small magnitude signal and they produce.
In the present embodiment, by filter circuit, concrete employing band filter is eliminated electromagnetic interference wave and the higher hamonic wave in ultrasound echo signal.Then, the ultrasound echo signal that obtains after filtering carries out peak envelop detection by detecting circuit again to be processed,,, only get greater than 0 waveform portion in detecting circuit and analyze for reducing the data quantitative analysis about time shaft (trunnion axis) symmetry due to the waveform of ultrasonic echo.The oscillogram that is the ultrasound echo signal that obtains after the detecting circuit detection shown in Figure 4.In Fig. 4, abscissa is time shaft, represents namely that also ultrasound wave enters the degree of depth of inside of human body; Vertical coordinate is the amplitude of ultrasonic echo, also namely represents the intensity of ultrasonic echo.
After getting the peak envelop detection processing, the data volume of ultrasound echo signal reduces, but its data are still continuous time signal, i.e. analogue signal.And in the present embodiment, the ultrasonic echo processing unit adopts the PIC singlechip chip with the DSP function, general digital signal for the treatment of complexity, therefore, process for the ease of follow-up data, first the ultrasound echo signal after detection is converted to digitized ultrasound echo signal by the high-speed a/d change-over circuit, and one group of complete ultrasonic echo data after changing is sent in memorizer and is preserved.Wherein, the sample frequency of A/D change-over circuit is provided by the high accuracy high frequency crystal oscillator that is arranged in the A/D change-over circuit, and synthesis precision and cost consideration, sample frequency are generally selected 3-8 times of need acquired signal frequency.In the present embodiment, because the resonant frequency of ultrasonic probe is 5MHz, therefore the sample frequency of this crystal oscillator is set to 24MHz.
In the above-mentioned ultrasound echo signal that is stored in memorizer, include primary event echo-signal and the multiple-reflection echoes signal of small-signal echo-signal, tissue interlayer.For accurately extracting the ultrasound echo signal of the intersection between each fat deposit and subcutaneous fascia layer under human body skin, post-processed unit in the present embodiment can carry out waveform recognition based on attenuation compensation and the threshold filter of ultrasonic echo distribution characteristics, as shown in Figure 2, wherein the post-processed unit comprises compensating unit, the filtering of small-signal echo unit, multiple-reflection echoes filtering unit and whole ripple unit, and its main working process is as described below.
At first, will be read out from memorizer through one group of complete ultrasonic echo data after the A/D conversion by compensating unit.Due to ultrasound wave in the tissue communication process, inevitably can produce reflection, scattering, refraction and absorbing phenomenon when running into various physical interface, thereby cause the ultrasonic energy decay and produce signal difference, namely along with the increase of ultrasonic propagation distance, the ultrasound echo signal that receiving transducer receives can weaken gradually.Therefore, compensate the decay of ultrasound wave in the tissue communication process by the setting compensation factor in compensating unit, promoting the intensity of distant signal, thereby can make the signal intensity of the ultrasonic echo that obtains consistent or reach unanimity, so that the examination of follow-up data, analysis and processing.Compensating factor is determined by the decay factor of ultrasound wave in tissue of different frequency, is generally that the absorptance in tissue calculates according to ultrasound wave.Studies show that, when ultrasonic frequency was in 1.5MHz～15MHz scope, ultrasound wave almost was directly proportional to frequency by the coefficient that tissue absorbs.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the mean absorption coefficient with ultrasound wave in tissue is chosen to be 0.81dB/cmMHz, and because the resonant frequency of ultrasonic probe is 5MHz, the penalty coefficient of therefore setting is 0.81 * 5dB/cm=4.05dB/cm.
According to compensating factor pre-set in compensating unit, ultrasound echo signal is carried out attenuation compensation, being specially will be far and near by distance, to add from the ultrasound echo signal amplitude that memorizer is read the corresponding compensating factor amplitude of setting, with with ultrasound echo signal strength enhancing to a suitable level, facilitate follow-up processing.
Small-signal echo filtering unit is used for the small-signal echo of filtering ultrasonic echo.In the ultrasound echo signal after attenuation compensation, for wherein only occur once and ultrasound echo signal that amplitude is less for, can think that there is not any rule in its distribution, is judged as it small-signal echo-signal and carries out filtering.In the present embodiment, the filtering threshold of small-signal echo is set as empirical value, this empirical value is got the 20-60% of peak-peak in this group measurement data, as shown in Figure 4, waveform B wherein, waveform C, waveform D, waveform H and waveform I be due to less than the filtering threshold of setting, therefore with them as the small-signal echo and filtering.In fact, waveform C is the interface of human body mesocuticle layer and skin corium, waveform D is the interface of skin corium and the first fat deposit, because the acoustic impedance of epidermal area, skin corium and the first fat deposit is comparatively approaching, make at the ultrasound echo signal of epidermal area and these two interfaces generations of skin corium, skin corium and the first fat deposit less; Simultaneously, all thinner owing to comparing with the first fat deposit at human body mesocuticle layer and skin corium, therefore, in the present embodiment, epidermal area and skin corium are considered as the part of the first fat deposit, and with waveform C and waveform D filtering.
Multiple-reflection echoes filtering unit is used for the multiple-reflection echoes of filtering tissue interlayer.In the present embodiment, judge that by described multiple-reflection echoes filtering unit which ultrasonic echo in the reflection echo that receives is the primary event echo, which is multiple-reflection echoes, and with these multiple-reflection echoes filterings, only stays the primary event echo.
In multiple-reflection echoes filtering unit, first utilize Principle of Statistics add up and divide into groups to the ultrasound echo signal of filtering small-signal echo-signal, the ultrasonic echo that wherein has identical characteristics is included into a data set, and the regularity of distribution of adding up each data set.These can be included into primary event echo, second-time-around echo, triple reflection echo that a plurality of ultrasonic echos in same data set are followed successively by the intersection between a certain subcutaneous fascia layer under a certain fat deposit and this fat deposit ... n secondary reflection echo, consist of that the amplitude of a plurality of ultrasonic echos in this data set is identical or amplitude is close (in ± 20% scope) and probability of occurrence large (according to circumstances, desirable probability is greater than all reflection echos of 20%).as previously mentioned, in the process that ultrasound wave is propagated in tissue, inevitably can produce reflection when running into various interface, such as, when ultrasonic propagation to the skin during the first interface between the first fat deposit and the first subcutaneous fascia layer, can produce strong echo at the interface first, the present embodiment is called the primary event echo with the first ultrasonic echo that produces for the first time at the interface, this primary event echo is in the process of returning to the ultrasonic probe direction, can again reflect when encountering another one intersection (such as the intersection between couplant and skin surface), ultrasonic echo after again reflecting is transmitted to first and can reflects again at the interface, thereby formation second-time-around echo, certainly also may form the triple reflection echo, four secondary reflection echoes ..., thereby form vibration between above-mentioned two intersections, until till acoustic energy all decayed.That is to say, be back to receiving transducer except part energy in this primary event echo, some can repeat to occur Multi reflection first at the interface, and this ultrasonic echo that repeats to occur Multi reflection is that second-time-around echo, triple reflection echo, four secondary reflection echoes etc. are called and repeatedly launch echo.The amplitude of these multiple-reflection echoes reduces gradually, and its amplitude is generally the amplitude less than the primary event echo, and the order of reflection amplitude of reflection echo more at most is less.Yet for same interface, the interval that the multiple-reflection echoes of vibration occur between described two intersections equates.This is because for a plurality of ultrasonic echos in being in same data set, all interreflection formation between two interfaces of these ultrasonic echos.In like manner, also have the characteristics that interval equates between a plurality of ultrasonic echos in other data sets.Accordingly, be easy to just a plurality of ultrasound echo signals of described filtering small-signal echo-signal to be divided into a plurality of data sets.
For same data set, the amplitude of a plurality of ultrasonic echos in this data set is generally unequal, wherein the amplitude maximum is the primary event echo, and described primary event echo is also time of occurrence ultrasonic echo the earliest in this data set simultaneously, be that the primary event echo should be first data in this data set, when calculating fat deposit thickness, can with the data filtering of these multiple-reflection echoes, only stay the data of primary event echo in each data set.
If calculate the thickness of whole fat deposit, selected data set can be only one group, i.e. the data of the primary event echo of the generation of the place, boundary between the fascia layer under subcutaneous innermost fat deposit and this fat deposit.
If calculate respectively the thickness of each fat deposit under skin, the data set of selecting should be many groups.
As shown in Figure 4, waveform B is the primary event echo of intersection between coupling layer and skin surface, if need to the thickness of subcutaneous each fat deposit be calculated respectively, can waveform B the position be the benchmark at interval computation time.As can be known from Fig. 4, the interval from waveform E to waveform G equates fully with the interval from waveform E to waveform B, thereby these two ultrasonic echos belong to a data set.simultaneously, waveform E amplitude in this data set is maximum, the amplitude of waveform G is less than the amplitude of waveform E, and waveform E is the ultrasonic echo of close waveform B in this data set, thereby can judge that waveform E and waveform G are respectively this primary event echo and second-time-around echo at the interface, and then can judge the primary event echo that waveform E produces at the interface as first between the first fat deposit and the first fascia layer, and waveform G is the second-time-around echo of waveform E, this data set is defined as the first data set, multiple-reflection echoes filtering unit can be with the waveform G elimination in the first data set, only stay waveform E.Position due to waveform B corresponding skin surface on described oscillogram, the position at waveform E corresponding first interface on oscillogram, and in the present embodiment, epidermal area and skin corium to be considered as the part of the first fat deposit, therefore, by calculating waveform B and the distance of waveform E on time shaft, can calculate the thickness of the first fat deposit.
In Fig. 4, waveform F and waveform J are respectively two different ultrasonic echos in the different pieces of information group, according to above judgement, can learn that waveform F is the primary event echo of the second contact surface place's generation between the second fat deposit and the second fascia layer, thereby the position of waveform F corresponding second contact surface on oscillogram, by calculating waveform E and the distance of waveform F on time shaft, can calculate the thickness of the second fat deposit; In like manner, the position at waveform J corresponding the 3rd interface on oscillogram by calculating waveform F and the distance of waveform J on time shaft, can calculate the thickness of the 3rd fat deposit.
Wherein, when carrying out the classification of data set, both can ultrasonic probe and coupling layer between the time point of the ultrasonic echo that produces of intersection (being waveform A place) be the thickness that basis reference is calculated fat deposit, also can coupling layer and skin surface between the time point of the ultrasonic echo that produces of intersection (being the waveform B place) be the thickness that basis reference is calculated fat deposit.Be that ultrasonic echo in selected data set is all the reflection echo that obtains of vibration back and forth between basis reference therewith at a certain interface.When this device is used for somatometry, generally all scribble couplant between ultrasonic probe and human body skin layer, in one-shot measurement, the thickness of coupling layer is a definite value, therefore, for above-mentioned two basis references, the interval of the actual ultrasonic echo that records is a fixed value, and the thickness of any one fat deposit to should fat deposit distance poor of ultrasonic echo at two interfaces of both sides, it is identical therefore utilizing above-mentioned two kinds of results that obtain with reference to benchmark.Therefore, in Fig. 4, both can Fig. 4 in the abscissa value at waveform A place as the zero-time of calculating fat deposit thickness, wherein waveform A represents the ultrasonic echo of the intersection between ultrasonic probe and coupling layer, also the i.e. supersonic wave synchronism signal of this device; Again can waveform B the abscissa value at place as the zero-time of calculating fat deposit thickness, wherein waveform B represents the ultrasonic echo of the intersection between coupling layer and skin surface, i.e. ultrasound wave transdermal and the ultrasonic echo that produces.
As shown in Figure 5, in whole ripple unit, the above-mentioned waveform that has identified the ultrasonic echo of each fat deposit is carried out whole ripple, thereby obtain one or more burst pulse square waves, these burst pulse square waves are the interface signals between each fat deposit and adjacent fascia layer.
Here it should be understood that in actual applications, as long as just can not have influence on judgement and the identification of follow-up signal at whole wavefront energy filtering multiple-reflection echoes and small-signal echo, and need not to consider that multiple-reflection echoes and small-signal echo are by the sequencing of filtering.
In computing unit, if measure the thickness of whole fat deposit, calculate the fat thickness of measurand by formula h=(T*V)/2, wherein, h represents fat thickness, T represents duration, the ultrasound wave that namely refers to ultrasonic probe emission is from entering skin and beginning until receive the duration of the primary event echo of the intersection between the subcutaneous fascia layer under innermost fat deposit and this fat deposit under skin, V represents the spread speed of ultrasound wave in human body, and V is preset in computing unit as a fixed value.In the present embodiment, V=1540m/s is set.Due to the thickness of skin surface and coupling layer as thin as a wafer, thereby the time that ultrasound wave passes skin surface and coupling layer can ignore.Corresponding diagram 5, suppose that the fat deposit under skin is only three layers, namely the 3rd interface is the intersection between the subcutaneous fascia layer under innermost the 3rd fat deposit and this fat deposit under skin, and employing is calculated the thickness of fat deposit take the time point of the ultrasonic echo of the intersection between ultrasonic probe and coupling layer (being that waveform A ' locates) generation as basis reference, duration T is waveform A ' and the spacing of waveform J ' on time shaft so, and namely duration T equals the interval of waveform A ' and waveform J '.
In like manner, if calculate subcutaneous each fat deposit thickness separately, the interval according to the interface signals of each fat deposit and adjacent fascia layer utilizes formula h=(T*V)/2 to calculate the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of each fat deposit in tissue.Duration T represents that ultrasonic probe receives the primary event echo and the time difference that receives the primary event echo at (N+1) interface at N interface.Such as, in Fig. 5, if calculate the thickness of the second fat deposit, duration T is the interval between waveform E and waveform F.
In the present embodiment, because abscissa is the sampling time, therefore can obtain at an easy rate ultrasound wave and enter and meet priority time sequencing and the interval that fat deposit and the ultrasonic echo of fascia layer boundary reflection generation return to ultrasonic probe after tissue, the duration T in Fig. 5 between two burst pulse square waves corresponding to any two interfaces is interval; Perhaps, when if abscissa is sampled point, because sample frequency in the A/D of this device change-over circuit is determined, thus the sampling period determine, the long-pending interval T that is of the difference of the sampled point sequence number that two burst pulse square waves corresponding to any two interfaces are corresponding and sampling period.Then, calculate the thickness between each interface and basis reference in corresponding tissue according to this interval T, namely should interval time T and the spread speed V of ultrasound wave in tissue long-pending (being T*V) be exactly the propagation distance of ultrasound wave in corresponding two interfaces, when going back to previous interface by a rear boundary reflection due to ultrasound wave again from previous interface to a rear interface, walked one back and forth, so 1/2 (being T*V/2) of this propagation distance is the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 at these two interfaces.Because the velocity of sound in human body soft tissue is all very approaching, so in the present embodiment, V=1540m/s is set.For the foregoing reasons, the distance in Fig. 5 between every adjacent two burst pulse square waves is exactly the thickness h of each layer fat deposit, and the distance between first burst pulse square wave and last burst pulse square wave is exactly the thickness of the whole fat deposit of the measured.
Exporting the fat thickness data that calculate to display unit shows.
in order to expand the application of this fat thickness measurement device, in the described fat thickness measurement device of the present embodiment, interface unit can also be set, this interface unit comprises USB interface and blue tooth interface, to realize that easily this device and other equipment are (as computer, mobile phone etc.) connection, namely can the ultrasound echo signal in memorizer be sent to other equipment by USB interface or blue tooth interface and carry out subsequent treatment, or deliver on other equipment by the fat thickness numerical value that USB interface or blue tooth interface obtain this device and show, perhaps by USB interface, the battery in power subsystem is charged.
Utilize the process that the described fat thickness measurement device of the present embodiment is measured and ultrasonic echo is processed to be: ultrasonic probe is close to human body skin, open this installation's power source, operator's push key, the transmitter unit in control unit is controlled the transmitting probe emission ultrasound wave in ultrasonic probe, ultrasound wave enters human body, propagate in tissue, when often running into the interface of two kinds of different acoustic impedances, part ultrasonic reflections returns to produce ultrasonic echo, this ultrasonic echo is received by receiving transducer, and another part ultrasound wave passes interface and moves on; The ultrasound echo signal that returns is sent to the ultrasonic echo processing unit by the receiving transducer in ultrasonic probe; In the early stage processing unit, ultrasound echo signal successively through amplifying circuit amplify, filter circuit filtering higher hamonic wave signal and electromagnetic interference wave, get peak envelop detection circuit etc. and process after, and through converting the ultrasound echo signal of digital ultrasound after the sampling of high-speed a/d change-over circuit to, this digitized ultrasound echo signal is kept in memorizer.After measurement data sampling end, this measurement data namely reads out to the post-processed unit from memorizer, successively ultrasound echo signal is carried out attenuation compensation, filtering small-signal echo and multiple-reflection echoes in the post-processed unit after, then obtain a plurality of pulse square waves spaced apart through whole ripple, calculated the thickness of every layer of fat deposit, the perhaps thickness of whole fat deposit according to the interval between each pulse square wave by computing unit.Like this, by measuring from the emission ultrasound wave to the interval that receives ultrasonic echo, can obtain the thickness of each layer fat deposit under skin, the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of each fatty tissue all can directly show in display unit, with the person's of being convenient for measuring reading.
Here it should be understood that, processing mode in the unit of post-processed described in the present embodiment is not limited to aforesaid way, the manner just designs for simple and practical purpose, and any ultrasound echo signal of ultrasonic fat thickness measurement device provided by the invention collection that makes realizes that the processing mode of each layer fat thickness measurement all should be included in protection scope of the present invention; Certainly, measuring device provided by the invention and metering system also are not limited to measure fat thickness, and the application of metal thickness is for example measured in any application of measuring object thickness according to given acoustic velocity value according to given acoustic velocity value, all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Fat thickness measurement device in the present embodiment utilizes ultrasonic echo to return to the interval of ultrasonic probe, obtain the distribution situation of different fat tissue layer in the ultrasonic echo processing unit, and then obtain the interval of fat tissue layer, the last thickness value that obtains fat deposit in computing unit.This device volume is little, be easy to carry, and simple to operate, reading is directly perceived, especially be suitable for family or gymnasium personal monitoring and control fat thickness and use.
Be understandable that, above embodiment is only the illustrative embodiments that adopts for principle of the present invention is described, yet the present invention is not limited thereto.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and substance in the present invention, can make various modification and improvement, these modification and improvement also are considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a fat thickness measurement device, is characterized in that, comprising:
Ultrasonic probe is used for receiving simultaneously it and launching hyperacoustic ultrasonic echo to measurand emission ultrasound wave, and with the ultrasound echo signal output that receives;
Control unit be used for to be controlled ultrasonic probe emission ultrasound wave, and the ultrasound echo signal that receives ultrasonic probe output is also processed and calculated described ultrasound echo signal, by calculating the fat thickness of measurand, then with this fat thickness data output;
Display unit is used for the fat thickness data that reception and indicative control unit are exported;
Power subsystem is used to ultrasonic probe, control unit and display unit that electric energy is provided.
2. fat thickness measurement device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described control unit comprises:
Transmitter unit is used for controlling ultrasonic probe emission ultrasound wave;
The ultrasonic echo processing unit be used for to receive the ultrasound echo signal of ultrasonic probe output and described ultrasound echo signal is processed, to obtain fat deposit under skin and the ultrasonic echo of the intersection between the subcutaneous fascia layer under this fat deposit;
Computing unit is used for calculating according to the ultrasonic echo that obtains the thickness of fat deposit under skin, then exports the fat thickness data that calculate to display unit.
3. fat thickness measurement device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described ultrasonic echo processing unit comprises processing unit and post-processed unit in early stage,
Processing unit, be used for the ultrasound echo signal of described ultrasonic probe output is carried out the amplitude amplification and eliminates to disturb and process, and stored after the ultrasound echo signal digitized after processing early stage;
The post-processed unit, be used for extracting the ultrasound echo signal of processing unit in early stage and described ultrasound echo signal being identified, identify the primary event echo of the intersection between the subcutaneous fascia layer under each fat deposit and described each fat deposit under the skin that ultrasonic probe receives, and other multiple-reflection echoes of filtering, then export the primary event echo-signal that identification obtains to computing unit;
described computing unit is used for the primary event echo-signal according to post-processed unit output, calculate the fat thickness of measurand by formula h=(T*V)/2, wherein, h represents fat thickness, T represents duration, the ultrasound wave that namely refers to ultrasonic probe emission is from entering skin and beginning until receive the duration of the primary event echo-signal of the intersection between the subcutaneous fascia layer under innermost fat deposit and this fat deposit under skin, refer to that perhaps ultrasonic probe receives the primary event echo and the time difference that receives the primary event echo at (N+1) interface at N interface, V represents the spread speed of ultrasound wave in human body, V is preset in computing unit as a fixed value.
4. fat thickness measurement device according to claim 3, is characterized in that the described spread speed V=1540m/s of ultrasound wave in human body that defaults in computing unit.
5. fat thickness measurement device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, includes amplifying circuit, filter circuit, detecting circuit, A/D change-over circuit and memorizer described early stage in processing unit, wherein:
Amplifying circuit is used for receiving the ultrasound echo signal of ultrasonic probe, and the ultrasound echo signal of ultrasonic probe output is amplified, then the output of the ultrasound echo signal after amplifying;
Filter circuit be used for to receive the ultrasound echo signal of amplifying circuit output, and the filtering electromagnetic interference wave and the higher hamonic wave that wherein mix, then with filtered ultrasound echo signal output;
Detecting circuit is used for the ultrasound echo signal of wave reception filtering circuit output, and the ultrasonic echo circuit that receives is carried out peak envelop detection process, then the ultrasound echo signal after peak envelop detection is processed is exported;
The A/D change-over circuit is used for converting ultrasound echo signal to digitized ultrasound echo signal, then with digitized ultrasound echo signal output;
Memorizer is used for receiving and storing the digitized ultrasound echo signal of A/D change-over circuit output.
6. fat thickness measurement device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, include compensating unit, the filtering of small-signal echo unit, multiple-reflection echoes filtering unit and whole ripple unit in described post-processed unit, be preset with compensating factor in described compensating unit, wherein:
Compensating unit be used for to extract the digitized ultrasound echo signal of memorizer, and the ultrasound echo signal amplitude of extracting is added ultrasound echo signal after being compensated after compensating factor, then the ultrasound echo signal after compensate is exported;
Small-signal echo filtering unit is used for receiving the ultrasound echo signal after compensation that compensating unit is exported, and filtering small-signal echo wherein, then the ultrasound echo signal after filtering small-signal echo is exported;
Multiple-reflection echoes filtering unit, be used for receiving the ultrasound echo signal of small-signal echo filtering unit output, and the ultrasound echo signal after filtering small-signal echo is analyzed, therefrom identify the primary event echo of the intersection between the subcutaneous fascia layer under each fat deposit and this fat deposit under the skin that ultrasonic probe receives, other multiple-reflection echoes of filtering, then with filtering the primary event echo-signal output after multiple-reflection echoes;
Whole ripple unit is used for receiving the primary event echo-signal of multiple-reflection echoes filtering unit output, and it is carried out whole ripple, then exports the primary event echo-signal after whole ripple to computing unit.
7. fat thickness measurement device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described compensating factor=penalty coefficient * ultrasonic frequency, described penalty coefficient is set as 0.81dB/cmMHz, ultrasonic frequency refers to the ultrasonic frequency that ultrasonic probe is launched, and the span of this ultrasonic frequency is 1.5MHz～15MHz.
8. one of according to claim 1-7 described fat thickness measurement devices, it is characterized in that, also include interface unit in this device, described interface unit is used for the fat thickness data that control unit calculates are delivered to and shows on external equipment or the ultrasound echo signal that ultrasonic probe receives delivered to proceeded on external equipment to process, and perhaps is used for power subsystem is charged.
9. one of according to claim 1-7 described fat thickness measurement devices, is characterized in that, described control unit adopts dsp chip or MCU chip or ARM chip.
10. one of according to claim 1-7 described fat thickness measurement devices, is characterized in that, described ultrasonic probe is the ultrasonic probe in the A-mode ultrasonic diagnostic equipment, and this ultrasonic probe adopts transmitting-receiving separate type ultrasonic probe.
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