CN103221863B - 抗冲击光纤外壳及相关方法 - Google Patents
抗冲击光纤外壳及相关方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
- G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
- G02B6/4441—Boxes
- G02B6/44515—Fibre drop terminals with surplus length
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
- G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
- G02B6/4441—Boxes
- G02B6/4442—Cap coupling boxes
- G02B6/4444—Seals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
- G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
- G02B6/4441—Boxes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
- G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
- G02B6/4441—Boxes
- G02B6/4442—Cap coupling boxes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
- G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
- G02B6/4441—Boxes
- G02B6/4446—Cable boxes, e.g. splicing boxes with two or more multi fibre cables
- G02B6/44465—Seals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
Abstract
本发明公开用于光纤组件的抗冲击光纤外壳及相关方法。在一个实施方式中,提供光纤外壳,并且光纤外壳包含壳体,所述壳体包含底座(14)、盖(16)及密封垫(34),所述密封垫(34)安置在盖和底座之间以便将盖紧固到底座并限定内部空腔,所述内部空腔经配置以支撑一或多个光纤组件。至少一个可伸展接头(36)安置在壳体中,并且所述至少一个可伸展接头经配置以偏转和或辅助偏转施加到壳体的冲击负载。通过所述方式,保护安置在内部空腔中的任何光纤组件免受损坏和/或免于暴露于内部空腔外部的环境。可将至少一个可伸展接头安置在盖和底座中的至少一个中。再如,至少一个可伸展接头可包含两个可伸展接头。
Description
相关申请案
本申请案根据专利法请求2010年10月28日提交的美国临时申请案第61/407,739号的优先权权益,所述申请案的内容作为本申请案的依据并以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
本申请案涉及标题为“Multi-portopticalconnectionterminal”的美国专利第7,740,409号,所述专利以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
本申请案还涉及标题为“Multi-portopticalconnectionterminal”的美国专利第7,333,708号,所述专利以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
本申请案还涉及标题为“Overmoldedmulti-portopticalconnectionterminalhavingmeansforaccommodatingexcessfiberlength”的美国专利第7,302,152号,所述专利以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
本申请案还涉及标题为“Multi-portopticalconnectionterminal”的美国专利第7,120,347号,所述专利以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开案的技术涉及用于光纤组件和/或设备(例如多端口光学连接终端)的外壳。
背景技术
光纤越来越多地用于各种宽带应用,包括语音、视频及数据传输。由于对宽带通信不断增长的需求,光纤网络通常包括大量中跨接入位置,一或多个光纤在中跨接入位置处从分配电缆分支。所述中跨接入位置提供从分配电缆通向最终用户(通常被称为用户)的分支点,并因此所述中跨接入位置可用来使“全光式”通信网络延伸为离用户更近。就这点而言,正在发展光纤网络以便实现“光纤到户”(FTTP)。由于服务提供商和由每个中跨接入位置服务的各种用户之间的地理间距,所以需要光学连接终端(例如,盒、网络终端、基座等)来互连引入电缆的光纤和分配电缆的光纤以建立完成FTTP通信网络必需的光学连接,所述引入电缆从用户处延伸,所述分配电缆从服务提供商处延伸。
为保护光纤组件和/或设备免受由于暴露于环境的损坏,可提供外壳来封闭或包装光纤组件和/或设备,所述光纤组件和/或设备可用来在光纤网络中建立光纤连接。例如,多端口光学连接终端是包括外壳的光纤设备的一个实例。多端口终端提供外壳来容置并保护光纤的互连,所述光纤来自一或多个引入光纤电缆,所述一或多个引入光纤电缆在外壳中在分支点处延伸到安置在外壳中的光纤连接器。包括外壳的光纤设备的其他实例包括(但不限于):用于光纤电缆的末端的终端、局部会聚点(LCP)、光纤分布终端(FDT)、接线盒、光纤互连盒、筒型盒及网络接口装置(NID)盒,包括其中可能需要气密封口的所述盒。每个所述外壳可遭受来自各种条件的冲击,包括在户外环境中的安装、配置及重新配置的接入、地下安装等。因此,外壳能够抵抗某些冲击力来继续保护包含在外壳内的光纤组件及/或设备是重要的。此外,因为用来形成外壳的材料可在不同温度下不同地响应冲击力,所以外壳能够在变化的限定温度下抵抗冲击力是重要的。
发明内容
在详细描述中公开的实施方式包括用于光纤组件的抗冲击光纤外壳,及相关方法。在一个实施方式中,提供光纤外壳,且所述光纤外壳包含壳体。壳体包含底座、盖及密封垫,所述密封垫安置在盖和底座之间以便将盖紧固到底座并限定内部空腔,所述内部空腔经配置以在内部空腔中支撑一或多个光纤组件。至少一个可伸展接头安置在壳体中。所述至少一个可伸展接头经配置以破坏壳体材料的连续性来偏转和/或辅助偏转施加到壳体的一或多个冲击负载,以防止对壳体和/或密封垫的损坏。通过所述方式,保护安置在内部空腔中的任何光纤组件免受损坏和/或免于暴露于内部空腔外部的环境。可将所述至少一个可伸展接头安置在盖和底座中的一个中或盖和底座两者中。所述至少一个可伸展接头可包含两个或两个以上的可伸展接头,其中每个可伸展接头经配置以吸收及偏转和/或辅助偏转施加到壳体的一或多个冲击负载。所述至少一个可伸展接头可辅助吸收及偏转和/或辅助偏转(例如)压缩冲击负载、张力冲击负载、切变冲击负载和/或扭力冲击负载。
在另一个实施方式中,提供了用在光纤通信网络中的分支点处的光学连接终端。光学连接终端包括壳体。壳体包含底座、盖及密封垫,所述密封垫安置在盖和底座之间以将盖附接到底座并限定内部空腔,所述内部空腔经配置以在内部空腔中支撑一或多个光纤组件。壳体还包含连接电缆端口,所述连接电缆端口穿过外壁提供在底座和盖中的一个中。壳体还包含多个连接器端口,连接器端口提供在底座和盖中的至少一个的外壁中,每个连接器端口延伸穿过外壁并且每个连接器端口经配置以接收安置在内部空腔中的多个光纤连接器中的一个。为辅助偏转施加到壳体的冲击负载,提供由开口组成的至少一个可伸展接头或可伸展铰链,且所述至少一个可伸展接头或可伸展铰链经安置穿过盖和底座中的至少一个的外壁。
在另一个实施方式中,提供一种组装光纤外壳的方法。所述方法包含提供底座。所述方法还包含提供盖,其中底座和盖中的至少一个包括至少一个可伸展接头,所述至少一个可伸展接头经配置以偏转冲击负载。所述方法还包含将盖附接到底座来限定内部空腔,所述内部空腔经配置以在内部空腔中支撑一或多个光纤组件。所述方法还包含在盖和底座之间安置密封垫来将盖紧固到底座。
在以下详细描述中将阐述额外的特征和优势,且在某种程度上,对于所属领域的技术人员,所述特征和优势将自所述描述而显而易见,或者通过实践本文描述的发明(包括以下详细描述、权利要求书以及附图)而认识到。
应理解,上述一般描述和以下详细描述两者呈现实施方式并意图提供概览和框架来理解本公开案的本质和特征。包括附图以提供进一步理解,并且附图并入本说明书中并组成本说明书的一部分。附图图示各种实施方式,并且附图和描述一起用来解释所公开的概念的原理和操作。
附图说明
图1是并入可伸展接头的示范性光纤外壳的侧视图;
图2是图1的光纤外壳响应压缩冲击负载和张力冲击负载的侧视图;
图3是图1的光纤外壳响应切变冲击负载的侧视图;
图4是图1的光纤外壳响应扭力冲击负载的侧视图;
图5是根据示范性实施方式构造的光纤通信网络的一部分的示意图,所述光纤通信网络包括分配电缆、多端口光学连接终端光纤外壳及至少一个引入电缆,所述分配电缆具有中跨接入位置,所述多端口光学连接终端光纤外壳包含光纤外壳并具有连接电缆,所述连接电缆从所述光纤外壳延伸并在中跨接入位置处连接到所述分配电缆,所述至少一个引入电缆从所述多端口光学连接终端延伸到网络中的另一个位置(例如用户驻地);
图6是示范性多端口光学连接终端的正面透视图,所述多端口光学连接终端包含光纤外壳并包括多个连接器端口、连接电缆端口及连接电缆总成,以及用来偏转或者辅助吸收和偏转一或多个冲击负载的可伸展接头;
图7A图示图6中的示范性多端口光学连接终端的底部视图;
图7B图示图7A的多端口光学连接终端可如何响应施加到多端口光学连接终端的侧面的压缩冲击负载;
图8A图示图7A的多端口光学连接终端的侧面透视图;
图8B图示图7A的光纤外壳可如何响应施加到多端口光学连接终端的切变冲击负载和扭力冲击负载;
图9是图示没有可伸展接头的图7A的多端口光学连接终端和包括可伸展接头的图7A的多端口光学连接终端之间的相对偏转特性的示图;
图10A和图10B图示施加到含有单个可伸展接头的多端口光学连接终端光纤外壳的冲击负载对比施加到包括两个可伸展接头的光纤外壳的冲击负载;
图11图示包括可伸展接头的另一个示范性多端口光学连接终端光纤外壳的顶部透视图;
图12A图示具有两个可伸展接头的图11的多端口光学连接终端的底部透视图,所述两个可伸展接头安置在光纤外壳的盖中;
图12B图示图12A中图示的两个可伸展接头的近摄图,所述两个可伸展接头安置在图11的多端口光学连接终端的盖中;
图13图示图11的多端口光学连接终端的盖和安置在盖中的两个可伸展接头的透视截面图;
图14A图示示范性多端口光学连接终端光纤外壳的底部透视图,所述多端口光学连接终端光纤外壳具有安置在多端口光学连接终端的盖中的两个二次成型的可伸展接头;
图14B图示图14A中图示的两个二次成型的可伸展接头的近摄图,所述可伸展接头安置在图14A的多端口光学连接终端的盖中;
图15图示图14A的多端口光学连接终端的盖和安置在盖中的两个二次成型的可伸展接头的透视截面图;
图16是图示没有可伸展接头的光纤外壳和具有多个非二次成型的及二次成型的可伸展接头的光纤外壳之间的相对偏转特性的示图;
图17A和图17B是分别没有和具有抗切变冲击负载和/或抗扭力冲击负载安装片结构元件的图12A的光纤外壳多端口光学连接终端的盖的透视图,所述抗切变冲击负载和/或抗扭力冲击负载安装片结构元件用于安装多端口光学连接终端;及
图18A和图18B分别是图17B中的抗切变冲击负载和/或抗扭力冲击负载安装片结构元件的顶部视图和侧面视图。
具体实施方式
现在将要详细参考某些实施方式,在附图中图示所述实施方式的实例,附图中图示一些特征而非全部特征。事实上,本文所公开的实施方式可以许多不同形式体现且本文所公开的实施方式不应被解释为限制本文阐述的实施方式;相反,提供所述实施方式以使本公开案会满足适用的法律要求。在任何可能情况下,相同的元件符号将用于指代相同的元件或部件。
在详细描述中公开的实施方式包括用于光纤组件的抗冲击光纤外壳,及相关方法。在一个实施方式中,提供光纤外壳,所述光纤外壳包含壳体。壳体包含底座、盖及密封垫,所述密封垫安置在盖和底座之间以将盖紧固到底座并限定内部空腔,所述内部空腔经配置以在内部空腔中支撑一或多个光纤组件。至少一个可伸展接头安置在壳体中。所述至少一个可伸展接头经配置以破坏壳体材料的连续性来偏转和/或辅助偏转施加到壳体的一或多个冲击负载,以防止对壳体和/或密封垫的损坏。通过所述方式,保护安置在内部空腔中的任何光纤组件免受损坏和/或免于暴露于内部空腔外部的环境。可将所述至少一个可伸展接头安置在盖和底座中的一个中或盖和底座两者中。所述至少一个可伸展接头可包含两个或两个以上的可伸展接头,其中每个可伸展接头经配置以吸收及偏转和/或辅助偏转施加到壳体的一或多个冲击负载。所述至少一个可伸展接头可辅助吸收及偏转和/或辅助偏转(例如)压缩冲击负载、张力冲击负载、切变冲击负载和/或扭力冲击负载。
就这点而言,图1公开了示范性光纤外壳10。在所述实施方式中,光纤外壳10是球形的,但光纤外壳10可提供为任何其他类型的所需形状。可配置光纤外壳10来支撑所需的任何一或多个光纤组件或设备。作为非限制性实例,可将光纤外壳10配置为多端口光学连接终端、用于光纤电缆的末端的终端、局部会聚点(LCP)、光纤分布终端(FDT)接线盒、光纤互连盒、筒型盒或网络接口装置(NID)盒,包括(但不限于)其中使用气密封口的所述盒。在所述实施方式中,光纤外壳10由壳体12组成以提供刚性外骨架结构来保护安置在壳体中的光纤组件免受损坏和/或壳体12外部的环境影响。所述实施方式中的壳体12由底座14和盖16组成。提供单独的底座14和盖16允许在密封壳体12之前将光纤组件安置在壳体12内部。尽管图1中未图示,但光纤外壳10可具有一个以上的密封垫。作为非限制性实例,光纤外壳10可具有底座,底座具有一个以上的盖,每个盖具有处于盖和底座之间的密封垫。
底座14和盖16两者可以是模塑件。在所述实施方式中,底座14和盖16各分别限定具有限定厚度的壁18和壁20,壁18和壁20分别具有外表面22和外表面24且分别具有内表面28和内表面30。因此,当底座14和盖16彼此附接时,在所述底座14和盖16中于内表面28、内表面30内侧形成内部空腔32。为将盖16紧固到底座14并保护安置在内部空腔32中的任何光纤组件免受环境影响,可在盖16和底座14之间安置密封垫34。举例来说,可由焊接(例如超声波焊接)形成密封垫34来将盖16紧固到底座14。或者可使用将盖16紧固到底座14的其他方法,例如粘合剂。
因为光纤外壳10的预期用途和环境可使壳体12遭受某些冲击负载,所以可将壳体12设计为抗冲击的。提供抗冲击壳体12起保护安置在内部空腔32中的任何光纤组件免受损坏和/或壳体12外部环境影响的作用。就这点而言,例如,可由硬化的柔性材料(例如聚合物材料、塑料、热塑性塑料、复合材料或铝)构造底座14和盖16以在变化的环境条件(包括(例如)达到至少大约摄氏零下四十度(-40°C)的低温)下吸收和偏转冲击负载。此类硬化的聚合物材料的实例包括(但不限于):聚丙烯、聚丙烯共聚物、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)、聚烯烃(包括茂金属催化的低密度聚乙烯)、热塑性烯烃(TPO)、热塑性聚酯、热塑性硫化橡胶(TPV)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、氯化聚乙烯、苯乙烯嵌段共聚物、乙烯甲基丙烯酸盐(EMA)、乙烯丁基丙烯酸盐(EBA),及上述各物的衍生物。可使用其他材料。
当提供密封垫34来将盖16紧固到底座14时,壳体12的最终硬度以单位增加。因此,在不包括密封垫34的盖16和底座14不会碎裂的相同冲击负载条件下,壳体12可能碎裂。盖16和底座14可由具有较强抗冲击性的材料制成,以抵消由另外提供密封垫34产生的增加的硬度,但成本更高。已确定提供安置在光纤外壳的壳体中的一或多个抗冲击可伸展接头允许光纤外壳甚至在存在光纤外壳的盖和底座之间的密封垫的情况下变得更抗冲击。提供一或多个可伸展接头破坏了壳体的连续性,壳体极度坚硬或通过包括密封垫而制造得极度坚硬。就这点而言,本文中公开的实施方式提供安置在光纤外壳的壳体中的至少一个可伸展接头来吸收和偏转和/或辅助偏转施加到壳体的一或多个冲击负载。
就这点而言,参看图1,可伸展接头36安置在光纤外壳10的壳体12中。可伸展接头36可以是(例如)铰链。在所述实施方式中,可伸展接头36由壳体12中的开口38组成,以破坏壳体12的连续性并因此降低壳体12的硬度。在所述实施方式中,开口38沿着纵轴A1延长,如图1中图示。可伸展接头36响应于冲击负载增加对冲击负载的吸收和对壳体12的偏转,并且因此可伸展接头36经设计以在由于包括盖16和底座14之间的密封垫34而将壳体12制造得更刚硬或坚硬时防止壳体12碎裂。
在所述实施方式中,图1到图4中的光纤外壳10的开口38由盖16和底座14的材料中的空隙组成,以便在使盖16和底座14接触时,开口38形成在壳体12中,如图1中图示。在所述实施方式中,围绕壳体12的赤道中心安置开口38,但这不是必需的。可将可伸展接头36仅安置在盖16或底座14中。同样,可将一个以上的可伸展接头36安置在壳体12中以在维持壳体12的所需结构完整性的情况下达到吸收和偏转的所需增加。
可在开口38中安置可选二次成型材料40来形成二次成型的可伸展接头36。二次成型材料40使内部空腔32与壳体12外部的环境隔离。二次成型材料40也可增加可伸展接头36的柔性和可伸展接头36吸收和偏转冲击负载的能力。举例来说,二次成型材料40可由示范性材料组成,例如山都平(santoprene)、Evoprene、科腾(kraton)、硅橡胶,或其他弹性或柔性材料,包括(但不限于)具有用于增加的柔性的低弹性模量的所述材料。举例来说,弹性模量可在1,000与300,000磅每平方英寸(psi)之间。
例如,图2图示放置在弯曲或压缩冲击负载42和张力冲击负载43下的图1的光纤外壳10。就这点而言,可伸展接头36吸收至少一部分压缩冲击负载42来防止盖16和底座14吸收全部的压缩负载42并可能使壳体12碎裂、破坏密封垫34和/或因此使盖16与底座14分离。可伸展接头36还吸收和偏转或辅助偏转压缩冲击负载42,以使壳体12返回到图1中壳体12的原始配置。可伸展接头36还变形来偏转至少一部分张力冲击负载43,以防止盖16和底座14偏转全部的张力冲击负载43并可能使壳体12碎裂、破坏密封垫34和/或因此使盖16与底座14分离。
此外,代替压缩冲击负载42,可施加渐增的压缩力42到壳体12。通常,当渐增的压缩力42达到超过壳体12的弹性稳定性的量级时,壳体12可能由于断裂或永久变形而失去结构完整性。在所述情况下,可伸展接头36可提供弹簧功能来抵抗渐增的压缩力42、抑制结构失效并防止破坏密封垫34和/或使盖16与底座14分离。此外,可伸展接头36允许壳体12在移除渐增的压缩力42时回到壳体12的初始未变形状态。
图3图示放置在切变冲击负载44下的图1的光纤外壳10。就这点而言,可伸展接头36吸收至少一部分切变冲击负载44来防止盖16和底座14吸收全部的切变冲击负载44并可能使壳体12碎裂、破坏密封垫34和/或因此使盖16与底座14分离。可伸展接头36还吸收和偏转或辅助偏转切变冲击负载44来使壳体12返回到图1中壳体12的原始配置。
图4图示放置在扭力冲击负载46下的图1的光纤外壳10。在图4中,将扭力冲击负载46图示为围绕横轴“B1”以相反方向施加。横轴“B1”可与纵轴“A1”处于相同或不同的角定向中,包括(但不限于)与纵轴“A1”正交。就这点而言,可伸展接头36吸收至少一部分扭力冲击负载46来防止盖16和底座14吸收全部的扭力冲击负载46并可能使壳体12碎裂、破坏密封垫34和/或因此使盖16与底座14分离。可伸展接头36还吸收和偏转或辅助偏转扭力冲击负载46来使壳体12返回到图1中壳体12的原始配置。
可针对任何类型的光纤外壳提供包括一或多个可伸展接头的壳体。所述光纤外壳的一个实例是图5和图6中图示的且以下在本公开案中更详细描述的多端口光学连接终端50(在本文中也称为“连接终端50”)。图5和图6中图示的连接终端50包括安置在盖52中的至少一个可伸展接头,盖52紧固到底座54以形成连接终端50的壳体56。参看图5,提供连接终端50来提供对光纤通信网络60的连接访问,图5中图示光纤通信网络60的一部分。在所述实施方式中,光纤通信网络60包含光纤分配电缆62。沿着分配电缆62的长度提供至少一个中跨接入位置(如图所示),并且优选地提供多个中跨接入位置。中跨接入位置可为工厂配备在用于预制光纤通信网络的分配电缆上的预定分支点处预先端接或预连接化的光纤。或者,可在先前部署的分配电缆上形成的分支点处现场配备中跨接入位置。但不管怎样,通过盒64封闭并保护中跨接入位置免于暴露于环境。
如图5和图6中图示,分配电缆62可为工厂配备至少一个中跨接入位置来在光纤通信网络60中的预定分支点处提供对至少一个预先端接的光纤68的接入。在一个实施方式中,光纤通信网络60包含光纤分配电缆62,光纤分配电缆62具有沿着分配电缆62的长度间隔开的分支点处的多个中跨接入位置,每个中跨接入位置提供对光纤通信网络60的至少一个光纤68的接入,并且优选地提供对光纤通信网络60的多个光纤68的接入。因此,分配电缆62提供多个位置以用于在每个中跨接入位置处将至少一个连接终端50的连接电缆70接合到光纤分配电缆62。
在示范性光纤通信网络60中,提供在中跨接入位置处的分配电缆62的预先端接的光纤68通过光纤过渡元件72布线到分配电缆62之外并布线到相应中空保护管74中。光纤过渡元件72可包含允许预先端接的光纤68从光纤分配电缆62过渡而没有过度应力、张力或弯曲的任何结构。含有预先端接的光纤68的保护管74布线到一或多个熔接盒76中。预先端接的光纤68的末端熔接到从连接终端50延伸的连接电缆70的各个光纤。已知保护管74布线到熔接盒76的方式和预先端接的光纤68熔接到连接电缆70的光纤的方式。此外,预先端接的光纤68和/或连接电缆70的光纤可在工厂中预连接化,或可在现场连接化(例如,机械熔接到可现场安装的连接器或套上护套并熔合熔接到尾纤),且熔接盒76替换为常见的连接器适配器套筒。或者,可以任何方式在中跨接入位置处现场接入光纤68、将光纤68套上护套并将光纤68熔接或连接化,并且可将光纤68光学连接到连接电缆70的各个光纤。
连接电缆70的光纤穿过合适电缆端口78进入盒64,所述电缆端口78提供为穿过盒64的外壁(例如,端壁)。连接电缆70包括安置在保护电缆护鞘中的至少一个光纤,且优选地包括多个光纤。如所属领域技术人员将容易了解,连接电缆70可以是任何已知光纤电缆,所述光纤电缆包含至少一个光纤并且所述光纤电缆的光纤支数等于或大于将要连接到连接终端50的引入电缆80的光纤支数并等于或小于分配电缆62的光纤支数。连接电缆70可包含管状主体,例如(但不限于),缓冲管、单管或由吸水膨胀带形成的管。在优选实施方式中,连接电缆70是柔性的、容易布线的并且连接电缆70未优先弯曲。
连接电缆70从盒64延伸穿过连接电缆端口82进入连接终端50,连接电缆端口82提供为穿过连接终端50的外壁。连接终端50中的连接电缆70的光纤经过预连接化并且光纤连接器插入到常见的适配器套筒中,所述适配器套筒静置在各个连接器端口84中,连接器端口84提供为穿过连接终端50的外壁。随后通过将引入电缆80的预连接化末端从连接终端50的外部插入到静置在连接器端口84中的适配器套筒中来使至少一个(并且优选地为一个以上)预连接化引入电缆80与连接电缆70的各个连接化光纤互连。连接终端50的连接电缆端口82密封地接收连接电缆70,并且可操作多个连接器端口84以用于接收连接电缆70的预连接化光纤和引入电缆80的连接化末端。引入电缆80可包含任何类型的至少一个单模或多模光纤,所述至少一个单模或多模光纤以常见方式光学连接到单光纤或多光纤光学连接器。引入电缆80的其他末端光学连接到常见的外线设备连接终端86中的光纤通信网络60的各个光纤,所述常见的外线设备连接终端86例如外线设备网络接入点(NAP)盒、局部会聚机柜(LCC)、终端、基座或可从Hickory,N.C的CorningCableSystemsLLC购买的各种类型的网络接口装置(NID)。
图6图示根据本公开案构造的连接终端50的示范性实施方式。如图6中图示,所述连接终端50包含由底座54和盖52组成的壳体56。底座54和盖52两者可以是模塑件。在盖52和底座54之间安置密封垫89来将盖52紧固到底座54。底座54具有分别的相对端壁90、端壁92和分别的侧壁94、侧壁96。底座54进一步装备有上表面98。底座54的上表面98装备有多个成角的或倾斜的表面100。每个成角的表面100具有形成为穿过所述成角的表面100的至少一个连接器端口84。此外,在所述实施方式中,底座54是箱形的并且限定内部空腔(未图示),所述内部空腔用于容置光纤硬件,例如连接器端口、适配器、光纤布线引导件、光纤集线器等。底座54可具有适用于容置光纤硬件和布线连接电缆70的光纤的各种形状中的任一种形状,如上所述。然而,仅举例来说,底座54可在相对于相对端壁90、92之间的横向方向的纵向方向上延长。或者,底座54可在相对于纵向方向的横向方向上延长。
居中地并且如图所示大约在中心处将连接电缆端口82安置为穿过底座54的端壁90且连接电缆端口82可操作以接收包含连接电缆70的连接电缆总成104。通过连接终端50的连接电缆端口82插入连接电缆总成104。上面安装有预连接化光纤的连接电缆70的末端经过布线穿过连接电缆端口82进入连接终端50的内部空腔中。如图6中图示,如同底座54,盖52大体上是矩形的并且盖52具有略大于底座54的尺寸,以使盖52的外围侧与底座54的相应边缘重叠。此外,尽管图6中未图示,但底座54的外围侧可与盖52重叠。
当提供密封垫89来将盖52紧固到底座54时,壳体56的最终硬度增加。因此,在不包括密封垫89的盖52和底座54不会碎裂的相同冲击负载条件下,壳体56可能碎裂。盖52和底座54可由具有较强抗冲击性的材料制成,以抵消由另外提供密封垫89产生的增加的硬度,但成本更高。提供安置在光纤外壳的壳体中的一或多个抗冲击接头允许光纤外壳甚至在存在光纤外壳的盖和底座之间的密封垫的情况下变得更抗冲击。就这点而言,本文公开的实施方式提供安置在光纤外壳的壳体中的至少一个可伸展接头,所述可伸展接头经配置以吸收施加到壳体的冲击负载并偏转或有助于偏转施加到壳体的冲击负载。
就这点而言,图7A图示图5和图6中的连接终端50的底部视图,所述连接终端50包括安置在盖52中的可伸展接头110。可伸展接头110可以是铰链。在所述实施方式中,可伸展接头110由盖52中的开口112组成,以破坏模塑盖52的连续性并因此降低壳体56的硬度。在所述实施方式中,连接终端50的开口112由盖52的材料中的空隙组成。在所述实施方式中,开口112沿着纵轴A2延长,如图7A中图示。可伸展接头110响应于压缩冲击负载116增加对壳体56的偏转114(如图7B中图示),并且可伸展接头110因此经设计以在由于包括盖52和底座54之间的密封垫89而将壳体56制造得更刚硬时防止壳体56碎裂(如图6中图示)。图8A图示图7A的连接终端50的侧面透视图。图8B图示图7A的连接终端50可如何吸收和偏转或辅助吸收和偏转施加到连接终端50的壳体56的切变冲击负载118和扭力冲击负载120。
图9是图示连接终端124与包括可伸展接头110的连接终端50之间的相对偏转特性的示图122,以图示偏转特性的差异,所述连接终端124类似不包括可伸展接头110的图6至图8B的连接终端50。如示图122中图示,在条形126中图示在应用密封垫(例如焊接头)来将连接终端124的个别组件(例如,盖和底座)附接到一起以形成壳体之前以及在连接终端124将碎裂之前的所述组件的偏转量。举例来说,示图122中图示的偏转可以ft./lbs.为单位,且所述偏转可(例如)以百(100)ft./lbs.为单位。当提供密封垫(例如焊接头)来紧固地附接连接终端124的壳体的组件时,如条形128所示,降低连接终端124在负载下碎裂之前连接终端124吸收和偏转或辅助偏转冲击负载的能力。
然而,当单个可伸展接头110安置在连接终端50的盖52中时(如示图122中图示),如图9中条形132所示增加连接终端50在碎裂之前吸收和偏转或辅助偏转冲击负载(例如图10A中的冲击负载130)的能力。当两个可伸展接头110A、110B安置在盖52中时,如条形134所示进一步增加连接终端50吸收和偏转或辅助偏转冲击负载(例如图10B中的冲击负载130)的能力。如图10B中图示,在所述实例中,两个可伸展接头110A、110B安置为偏离盖52的纵轴A3的中心。
图11图示类似于图6至图8B的连接终端50的另一个示范性多端口光学连接终端光纤外壳140(也称作“连接终端140”)的顶部透视图。然而,连接终端140包括盖144中的两个偏离中心的可伸展接头142A、142B,如图12A和图12B中图示。例如,盖144可以是模塑件。在论述可伸展接头142A、142B之前,参看图11,连接终端140可含有与图6至图8B中的连接终端50相同或相似的其他特征。就这点而言,连接终端140可包含由底座148和盖144组成的壳体146。在盖144和底座148之间安置密封垫150来将盖144紧固到底座148。底座148具有分别的相对端壁152、154,和分别的侧壁156、158。底座148进一步装备有上表面160。底座148的上表面160装备有多个成角的或倾斜的表面162。每个成角的表面162具有形成为穿过所述成角的表面162的至少一个连接器端口164。安装片结构元件166A、安装片结构元件166B(本文中也称作“安装片166A、安装片166B”)可作为整体附接或提供到底座148或盖144以允许将连接终端140安装到表面。可配置安装片166A、安装片166B以便在安置在表面上时,盖144升离表面。此外,在所述实施方式中,底座148是箱形的并且底座148限定内部空腔(未图示),所述内部空腔用于容置光纤硬件,例如连接器端口、适配器、光纤布线引导件、光纤集线器等。底座148可具有适用于容置光纤硬件和布线连接电缆的光纤的各种形状中的任一种形状。然而,仅举例来说,底座148可在相对于相对端壁152、154之间的横向方向的纵向方向上延长。或者,底座148可在相对于纵向方向的横向方向上延长。
图12A图示具有两个可伸展接头142A、142B的图11的连接终端140的底部透视图,所述两个可伸展接头142A、142B安置在盖144中。图12B图示图12A中图示的两个可伸展接头142A、142B的近摄图,所述两个可伸展接头142A、142B安置在图11的连接终端140的盖144中。提供两个可伸展接头142A、142B可增加连接终端140的抗冲击性。因为在所述实施方式中可伸展接头142A、可伸展接头142B安置在盖144的两侧上,所以可伸展接头142A、可伸展接头142B的硬度和可伸展接头142A、可伸展接头142B的深度成反比。可伸展接头142A、可伸展接头142B越浅,变形越大,由此导致响应于冲击负载而从吸收到偏转的变向延迟。所述适时增加表明设计更抗冲击。
如图12A中图示,可伸展接头142A、可伸展接头142B安置为偏离如图12A和图12B中图示的盖144的纵轴A4的中心。可伸展接头142A、可伸展接头142B可以是铰链。在所述实施方式中,可伸展接头142A、可伸展接头142B由安置在盖144中的开口168A、开口168B组成。在所述实施方式中,连接终端140的开口168A、开口168B由盖144的材料中的空隙组成。在所述实施方式中,开口168A、开口168B沿着纵轴A4延长并偏离纵轴A4,如图12A和图12B中图示。开口168A、开口168B安置为在纵轴A4的方向上彼此平行。可伸展接头142A、可伸展接头142B使得能够响应于压缩冲击负载增加壳体146的偏转量,并由此可伸展接头142A、可伸展接头142B经设计以在由于包括盖144和底座148之间的密封垫150而将壳体146制造得更刚硬时防止壳体146碎裂,如图12A中图示。
如图12A和图12B以及图13中连接终端140的盖144的透视截面图中图示,在所述实施方式中,开口168A、开口168B各包含由多个可选开口172A、172B组成的凹陷区域170A、凹陷区域170B。如果需要提供开口172A、开口172B,那么配置凹陷区域170A、配置170B来接收二次成型材料以密封开口172A、开口172B。可提供可选开口172A、可选开口172B来允许将二次成型材料安置在开口168A、开口168B中以渗透开口168A、开口168B来提供二次成型材料到开口168A、168B的更紧固接合,从而密封开口168A、开口168B。向开口168A、开口168B提供二次成型材料还能起到增加连接终端140的偏转特性的作用。就这点而言,图14A图示图12A至图13的连接终端140的底部透视图,但在可伸展接头142A、可伸展接头142B的开口168A、开口168B中提供二次成型材料174A、二次成型材料174B。图14B图示图14A中图示的两个二次成型可伸展接头142A、142B的近摄图,所述两个二次成型可伸展接头142A、142B安置在连接终端140的盖144中。此外,如图12A中图示,可安置二次成型材料来提供具有连续表面或间断表面200A、间断表面200B的延伸部分200。在图12A中,具有连续表面的延伸部分200图示在安装片166A上,且具有间断表面200A、间断表面200B的延伸部分200图示在安装片166B上。所述情况将在以下参看图17A和图17B进一步论述。图15图示图14A和图14B的连接终端140的盖144的透视截面图,所述透视截面图图示安置在盖144中的两个二次成型可伸展接头142A、142B。
图16是图示本文公开的不同光纤外壳之间的相对偏转特性以展示在光纤外壳的壳体中提供一或多个可伸展接头的执行的示图180。列182提供光纤外壳。如先前所论述,图9的连接终端124不含有可伸展接头。具有开口168A、开口168B的连接终端140被视作两个不同的设计版本,如设计版本列184所示。安置在开口168A、开口168B中的二次成型材料174A、二次成型材料174B也被视作如列182所示。就这点而言,列186展示响应于示范性冲击从冲击到最大偏转的示范性时间间隔。从冲击到最大的较长时间间隔表明增加的吸收和偏转冲击负载的能力。注意,即使添加二次成型材料174A、二次成型材料174B来密封开口168A、开口168B,从冲击到最大偏转的时间间隔仍大于不包括可伸展接头的连接终端124的时间间隔。列188中展示最大偏转。
因为安置了用于连接终端140的先前图示的安装片166A、安装片166B以便盖144升离安装表面,所以安装片166A、安装片166B也将吸收一些冲击负载,尤其是施加到连接终端140的切变冲击负载和扭力冲击负载。因此,除了提供抗冲击的连接终端140的盖144和壳体146之外,同样可需要提供抗冲击的安装片166A、安装片166B。就这点而言,图17A和图17B是分别没有和具有抗切变冲击负载和/或抗扭力冲击负载安装片166A的图12A的连接终端140的盖144的透视图。图18A和图18B分别是图17B中的抗切变冲击负载和/或抗扭力冲击负载安装片166A的顶部视图和侧面视图。如图17A中图示,盖144包括安装延伸部分190,所述安装延伸部分190包括平台192,平台192含有多个开口194。平台192经配置以接收二次成型材料196以提供抗冲击安装片166A,如图17B至图18B中图示。可提供可选的开口194来允许二次成型材料196渗透开口194,以提供二次成型材料196到图17A中的安装延伸部分190的更紧固附接。
可将二次成型材料196安置在安装延伸部分190上以便提供开口或孔197或槽198,以允许将安装紧固件(例如钉子或螺钉)安置在开口或孔197或槽198中来安装连接终端140。可在安装片166A中提供孔197。因为可以接近孔197,所以可通过孔197插入紧固件(例如,但不限于,螺钉、钉子或螺栓)并拧紧或者使用工具(例如,但不限于,螺丝刀、锤子或钻子)操作紧固件。因为可能由于连接电缆总成104和安装片166B可定位在紧固件上而无需拧紧或者操作紧固件而减少接近,所以可在安装片166B中提供槽198。图17A和图17B中未图示安装片166B。图11、图12A、图14A和图15图示具有槽198的安装片166B。可安置二次成型材料196以便可形成延伸部分200来围绕孔197或槽198提供连续表面从而保持紧固件。或者,可安置二次成型材料196以便可围绕槽198形成间断表面200A、间断表面200B(如图12A中图示),以允许固定安装特征结构(例如螺钉、钉子或螺栓紧固件)插入槽198。用于二次成型材料196的材料可以是所需的任何二次成型材料,包括可用于二次成型材料174A、二次成型材料174B的相同材料。
现在参看图18A和图18B,图示抗切变冲击负载和/或抗扭力冲击负载安装片166A。安装片166A和安装片166B(虽然未图示)具有安装带接收件202。安装带(未图示)可定位在安装带接收件202上并安装带可用于将连接终端140安装到结构(例如柱)。
本发明所属领域技术人员将想到本文所阐述的本发明的许多修改和其他实施方式,所述修改和其他实施方式具有上述描述和相关图式中呈现的教示的权益。所述修改包括(但不限于):光纤外壳类型、提供壳体的组件(例如盖和底座)的配置、一或多个可伸展接头的类型或形状、提供的可伸展接头的数量、提供的一或多个可伸展接头的安置位置以及是否提供二次成型材料及一或多种材料的类型。
本文公开的光纤外壳的各种实施方式可应用在光学“光纤到户”(FTTP)网络中。如本文所使用且本领域中所熟知和理解,术语“引入电缆”意在包括包含电缆护鞘或护套的光纤电缆,所述电缆护鞘或护套包围至少一个含有一或多个光纤的柔性运输管。如本文所使用,术语“分配电缆”意在包括主馈电电缆、分配电缆及分支电缆,并且术语“分配电缆”可以是光纤支数大于引入电缆的光纤支数的任何类型的光纤电缆。在一个实例中,分配电缆可包含至少一个(且优选地为多个)柔性缓冲管。预连接化引入电缆可容易地连接到多端口光学连接终端的连接器端口及从所述连接器端口断开连接,从而消除进入多端口终端并将引入电缆的光纤熔接到连接电缆的光纤的需要,如将要描述的。
光纤引入电缆可光学连接到常见外线设备盒中的通信网络的光纤,常见外线设备盒例如局部会聚机柜(LCC)、基座、网络接入点(NAP)盒或可从Hickory,N.C的CorningCableSystems,LLC购买的各种类型的网络接口装置(NID)。在本文所述和所示的示范性实施方式中,光纤电缆从位于用户驻地处的NID延伸并且光纤电缆通过光纤外壳的连接器端口光学连接到网络中的光纤。光纤外壳可提供在空中位置处,例如安装到电话线杆之间的空中绞合线或安装在电话线杆上,光纤外壳可提供在埋设位置处,例如在手孔中或水平面以下电缆室(belowgradevault)中,或光纤外壳可位于地表以上位置处,例如在机柜、终端、基座中或在水平面以上电缆室(abovegradevault)中。以提供上述功能的方式,根据本文公开的实施方式构造的光纤外壳可促进FTTP通信网络的部署。
为了促进光纤网络且尤其是FTTP通信网络的部署,本文公开的实施方式能起到以下作用:允许通信服务提供商工厂制造并组装多端口光学连接终端来用于沿着分配电缆的长度在工厂配备或现场配备的中跨接入位置处连接到光学网络。光纤外壳能提供用于在光学网络中容易地连接、断开连接或重新配置引入电缆的可接入互连终端,且尤其是用于互连引入电缆和分配电缆。如本文所使用,术语“互连”意在描述引入电缆通过光纤外壳到分配电缆的连接。
此外,如本文所使用,术语“光纤电缆”和/或“光纤”意在包括所有类型的单模光波导和多模光波导,包括一或多个光纤,所述光纤可以是裸露的、涂覆的、着色的、缓冲的、紧密缓冲的、松管状的、带状化的和/或具有电缆中其他组织或保护结构(例如一或多个管、加强构件、护套等)的光纤。同样,其他类型的合适光纤包括弯曲不敏感光纤,或用于传输光信号的任何其他权宜媒体。弯曲不敏感或耐弯曲光纤的实例是可从CorningIncorporated购买的多模光纤。例如,在美国专利申请公开案第2008/0166094号和第2009/0169163号中公开了所述类型的合适光纤。
因此,应理解,实施方式并不限于所公开的特定实施方式,并且所述修改和其他实施方式意在包括在所附权利要求的范围中。如果所述修改和变更在所附权利要求和权利要求的等效物的范围中,那么实施方式意在涵盖本发明的修改和变更。尽管本文中使用了特定术语,但所述术语仅用作通用和描述意义且并不用于限制目的。
Claims (9)
1.一种光纤外壳,所述光纤外壳包含:
壳体,所述壳体包含:
底座;
盖;及
密封垫,所述密封垫安置在所述盖和所述底座之间以将所述盖紧固到所述底座并限定内部空腔,所述内部空腔经配置以在所述内部空腔内支撑一或多个光纤组件;及
至少一个可伸展接头,所述至少一个可伸展接头安置在所述壳体中并经配置以偏转或辅助偏转施加到所述壳体的冲击负载,其中至少一个可伸展接头由所述壳体中的开口组成,以破坏所述壳体的连续性并因此降低所述壳体的硬度。
2.如权利要求1所述的光纤外壳,其中所述至少一个可伸展接头经配置以偏转施加到所述壳体的所述冲击负载而不使所述盖与所述底座的任一部分分离。
3.如权利要求1所述的光纤外壳,其中所述至少一个可伸展接头经配置以吸收压缩冲击负载、张力冲击负载、切变冲击负载和扭力冲击负载中的至少一个。
4.如权利要求1,2或3所述的光纤外壳,其中所述至少一个可伸展接头由安置为穿过所述壳体的外壁的开口组成。
5.如权利要求1,2或3所述的光纤外壳,其中所述至少一个可伸展接头为至少一个可伸展铰链。
6.如权利要求1所述的光纤外壳,其中所述至少一个可伸展接头由至少一个延长可伸展接头组成,所述至少一个延长可伸展接头沿所述盖的纵向方向安置在所述盖中。
7.如权利要求1所述的光纤外壳,其中所述至少一个可伸展接头由两个延长可伸展接头组成,每个所述延长可伸展接头安置在所述盖中,且每个所述延长可伸展接头具有纵轴,所述纵轴安置为彼此平行地在所述盖的纵向方向上延伸。
8.如权利要求1,6或7所述的光纤外壳,其中所述至少一个可伸展接头由至少一种二次成型材料二次成型。
9.一种组装光纤外壳的方法,所述方法包含:
提供底座;
提供盖,其中所述底座和所述盖中的至少一个包括至少一个可伸展接头,所述至少一个可伸展接头经配置以偏转或辅助偏转冲击负载,其中至少一个可伸展接头由所述壳体中的开口组成,以破坏所述壳体的连续性并因此降低所述壳体的硬度;
将所述盖附接到所述底座来限定内部空腔,所述内部空腔经配置以在内部空腔中支撑一或多个光纤组件;及
在所述盖和所述底座之间安置密封垫来将所述盖紧固到所述底座。
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US40773910P | 2010-10-28 | 2010-10-28 | |
US61/407,739 | 2010-10-28 | ||
PCT/US2011/058023 WO2012058391A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-27 | Impact resistant fiber optic enclosures and related methods |
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CN103221863A CN103221863A (zh) | 2013-07-24 |
CN103221863B true CN103221863B (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
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EP (1) | EP2633354A1 (zh) |
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- 2011-10-27 WO PCT/US2011/058023 patent/WO2012058391A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-10-27 CA CA2816059A patent/CA2816059A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-10-27 US US13/282,498 patent/US8755663B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-10-27 EP EP11779072.5A patent/EP2633354A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-10-27 CN CN201180055795.0A patent/CN103221863B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN201425644Y (zh) * | 2009-05-21 | 2010-03-17 | 中国铁路通信信号上海工程有限公司 | 光纤收容盘 |
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AU2011319841A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
WO2012058391A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
US20120106913A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
EP2633354A1 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
CN103221863A (zh) | 2013-07-24 |
US8755663B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 |
CA2816059A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
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