CN103245307A - Detection method suitable for determining hot stamping area of cigarette tipping paper - Google Patents
Detection method suitable for determining hot stamping area of cigarette tipping paper Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection method suitable for determining the hot stamping area of cigarette tipping paper. The detection method is characterized in that a double-light-source illumination system, a charge-coupled device (CCD) imaging system and a computer image processing analysis mode are adopted, a hot stamping area and a non-hot stamping area are divided by utilizing the characteristics that the hot stamping area has a mirror reflection characteristic and the non-hot stamping area has a diffuse reflection characteristic, and the percentage of the area of the hot stamping area based on the total area of the tipping paper is further calculated. The detection method specifically comprises the steps of: (1) preparation of a sample; (2) image acquisition and processing analysis; and (3) calculation of a result. The preparation of the sample, image acquisition and image analysis are designed in a brand-new way, so that compared with the prior art, the method has the characteristics and advantages that the double-light-source illumination system is adopted, and the hot stamping area is accurately and effectively extracted from a background by utilizing the characteristics that the hot stamping area has the mirror reflection characteristic and the non-hot stamping area has the diffuse reflection characteristic. The whole process is fully automatically implemented, analysis time is effectively saved, and the influence of human factors is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection method that is suitable for measuring cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area, is to have adopted a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE illuminator specifically, with the detection method of computer vision as the printed apcksging material thermoprint area ratio of image processing method formula.
Background technology
Thermoprint (or transfer) is commonly called as gold stamping, is a kind of hot pressing principle of transfer that utilizes, and the aluminium lamination in the electrochemical aluminium is transferred on the stock surface, to form the printing decoration technique of particulate metal effect.Technology makes cigarette tipping paper attractive in appearance more magnificent in thermoprint (or transfer), but its composition more complicated may have heavy metal, phthalate, benzene series thing and 2, the pollution of poisonous and harmful substances such as 2, 4-dinitrophenol.And cigarette tipping paper is the tactile part of mouth of cigarette paper, and the objectionable constituent that contain in the thermoprint material probably enter human body by sucking cigarette, and consumer's health is exerted an influence.Along with smoking and the healthy concern that more and more is subjected to various circles of society, State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau has carried out standard to the use of thermoprint in the cigarette products, require cigarette tipping paper reality compound (containing transfer, thermoprint) area must not surpass 10% of tipping paper area, and must not adopt compound (containing transfer, thermoprint) technology in nearly lip end 20 mm.
The thermoprint of cigarette tipping paper often has thermoprint out-of-shape, the complicated characteristics of thermoprint decorative pattern, and this has brought certain degree of difficulty for the accurate and effective calculating of thermoprint area in the tipping paper.2012, people such as Han Yunhui use Photoshop software and ImageJ software that thermoprint area in the tipping paper is calculated, and inquired into accuracy, repeatability and the scope of application of two kinds of methods, and think that finally the Photoshop method calculates more accurately, the scope of application is wider.The Photoshop method mainly utilizes magic excellent function to choose, during in the face of some complicated thermoprint figures, because complicated, the thermoprint color of thermoprint decorative pattern and background are comparatively approaching, Photoshop can not effectively identify the edge, causes certain analytical error and the increase of analysis time.In addition, the Photoshop method need be separated with image acquisition and graphical analysis, be difficult to realize the on-line analysis of image, the introducing of a large amount of manual operations also affects to the accuracy of analyzing in the analytic process, and these all are that cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area calculates urgent problem in the research.
In sum, in order to remedy the existing cigarette deficiency of switching through paper thermoprint area ratio calculating method, further reduce the security risk of cigarette products simultaneously, fully ensure consumer's health benefit, urgent need set up a kind of can be effectively, accurately, the computing method of on-line determination cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area, for daily Inspection and Supervision work provides technical support.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to set up a kind of can be effectively, accurately, the computing method of on-line determination cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area, can effectively reduce artificial factor in the calculating of cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area, realize the real-time online analysis of cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of detection method that is suitable for measuring cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area, by adopting two light-source illuminating systems, CCD imaging system and Computer Image Processing analysis mode, utilize the thermoprint zone to have properties of specular reflection, but not the thermoprint zone has irreflexive characteristic, come out in thermoprint zone and non-thermoprint Region Segmentation, and then calculate the thermoprint region area and account for the number percent of the tipping paper total area, concrete steps are (1) specimen preparation, (2) image acquisition and processing analysis, (3) result of calculation.
Described specimen preparation refers under certain temperature and relative humidity, on the tipping paper sample, cut the paper fragment of 50 mm in the continuous thermoprint zone, accurately measuring the width of tipping paper then and from midline position tipping paper being cut out is two parts, takes out a part as test specimen.The test specimen for preparing is fixed on the objective table, guarantees that sample is straight, do not curl.
The temperature and humidity of specimen preparation is respectively: 20 ± 5 ℃ and (65 ± 5) %, and its effect is to guarantee the sample preparation term harmonization, outturn keeps ductility preferably under such temperature, damp condition, can not curl.
The tipping paper length that cuts in this step is 50 mm, its effect is to guarantee that image acquisition region covers a complete filter-rod periphery, graphical analysis is can accurately obtain a complete hot stamping unit (the thermoprint zone on the tipping paper generally is continuous, and be certain in the length that cigarette uses, selecting suitable image acquisition region is the basis of graphical analysis.The circumference of cigarette filter is generally between 15.0 ~ 30.0 mm at present, more common filter tip circumference is between 24.0 ~ 25.0 mm, and mouthful length of taking of tipping paper generally is 0.1 mm, so can cover a complete filter-rod periphery under the length cutting of 50 mm).
Described image acquisition and processing analysis is with non-thermoprint zone light to be had different reflection potentiales according to the thermoprint zone, adopts charge coupled cell (CCD) to finish the collection of image, comprises the extraction in (1) thermoprint zone; (2) extraction of single hot stamping unit.
The extraction in thermoprint zone: the thermoprint zone has properties of specular reflection, but not the thermoprint zone is diffusing characteristic diffuser, and under the illuminator of two light sources, a cover light source be used for to be strengthened the properties of specular reflection in thermoprint zone, another set of light source this characteristic that weakens; Therefore non-thermoprint zone does not have properties of specular reflection, shows similar in appearance under two kinds of light sources, differs greatly and the thermoprint zone shows under two kinds of light source effects; Utilize this species diversity, just can tentatively realize the extraction in thermoprint zone; Obtain preliminary image afterwards through pre-service such as necessary denoising, binaryzations, with two width of cloth image subtractions, can remove or reduce the gray-scale value in non-thermoprint zone, make the thermoprint zone in image, be enhanced, realize the accurate extraction in thermoprint zone;
The extraction of single hot stamping unit: after obtaining the binary image in thermoprint zone, be the single hot stamping unit in the recognition image, need each shape in the image is mated, interval between two graphic elements that the match is successful is exactly a hot stamping unit cycle, just can be used for follow-up graphical analysis after hot stamping unit is accurately identified.
Used two light-source systems during image acquisition, comprise top light source, sidelight source, described top light source is made up of coaxial light source and dome light source, light source after the combination can provide the illuminating ray of little incident angle for the visual field, including firing angle is zero on-axis rays, be used for strengthening the properties of specular reflection in thermoprint zone, described sidelight source is made up of two linear light sorurces that are positioned at the both sides, visual field, is used for the properties of specular reflection in reduction thermoprint zone for the visual field provides the big incident angle illuminating ray of nearly 90 degree.
Used pre-service such as necessary denoising, binaryzation during image acquisition, its effect is that the thermoprint zone is extracted from background preferably.
Adopted the method for morphological image that each shape in the image is mated when extracting single hot stamping unit, interval between two graphic elements that the match is successful is exactly a hot stamping unit cycle, its effect is to avoid manually determining the hot stamping unit cycle, guarantees the accuracy that hot stamping unit is extracted.
In this step, introduce gauge the image of gathering is calibrated, the diameter of gauge is 7500 μ m.CCD at first gathers the image of gauge, and the image according to the gauge that obtains carries out dimension correction to whole visual field then.(process of proofreading and correct by gauge is technique known in the industry, and also the someone uses that the coin of monobasic or a jiao polishes as the rectification standard etc.)
In the present invention, calculate the total area of cigarette tipping paper thermoprint region area and cigarette tipping paper selection area respectively, namely obtain cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area ratio with cigarette tipping paper thermoprint region area divided by the total area of cigarette tipping paper selection area.
Result of calculation is that the calculating of cigarette tipping paper thermoprint number percent is calculated by following formula:
In the formula:
The thermoprint area percentage of R=cigarette tipping paper;
A
I=cigarette tipping paper thermoprint region area, unit are μ m
2
A
JThe total area of=cigarette tipping paper selection area, unit are μ m
2
The inventive method compared with prior art has following characteristics and advantage by brand-new design is carried out in specimen preparation, image acquisition and graphical analysis:
(1) the inventive method adopts two light-source illuminating systems, utilize the thermoprint zone to have properties of specular reflection, and the irreflexive characteristic in background area extracts the thermoprint zone accurately and effectively from background.
(2) the inventive method adopts the mode of extracting single hot stamping unit automatically, needs artificial cutting hot stamping unit more accurate during the existing thermoprint area of comparing calculates, and can effectively reduce because the error that artifact is introduced.
(3) the inventive method adopts the ccd image acquisition system that is equipped with two lighting sources, by the professional software Long-distance Control, can realize the real-time online analysis in thermoprint zone, The whole analytical process has realized robotization completely, save analysis time effectively, greatly reduced artificial factor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area measurement instrument complete machine synoptic diagram
Label among Fig. 1: 1. pillar, 2. CCD camera, 3. camera lens, 4. coaxial light source, 5. dome light source, 6. array light source, 7. sample to be tested, 8. electromagnet, 9. support board, 10. compressing tablet, 11. lifting tables.
Fig. 2 is used for the standard round that picture size is proofreaied and correct.
Multi-light-source illumination system synoptic diagram among Fig. 3 the present invention.
Label among Fig. 3: 3. camera lens, 4. coaxial light source, 4-1. semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, 4-2. ground glass, 4-3. area array light source, 5. dome light source, 5-1. ring-type light source, 6. array light source, 7. pattern to be measured.
Fig. 4 cigarette tipping paper sampling synoptic diagram.
The image information that Fig. 5 different images acquisition mode obtains, (a) image information obtained of 1200dpi resolution scan instrument, (b) image information obtained of 5,000,000 pixel CCD.
Fig. 6 specular light source lighting effect synoptic diagram.
Fig. 7 non-mirror reflection light illumination effect synoptic diagram.
Fig. 8 thermoprint extracted region flow process.
Fig. 9 thermoprint extracted region result schematic diagram.
Figure 10 periodicity extraction result schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but is not restriction the present invention.
Assay method to cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area ratio is as follows:
1. instrument and software
High-precision CCD imaging system is equipped with image pick-up card, and the Image-forming instrument complete machine structure as shown in Figure 1; The image processing software that has automatic image capture, cuts apart, exposes and regulate; The graphics standard calibration circle, internal diameter
Φ7500 μ m(see Fig. 2); Industrial lens, 2.8 mm; The multi-light-source illumination system (see figure 3); The machinery objective table; The trimmer that has scale.
2. operating environment
Temperature: 20 ± 5 ℃; Relative humidity: (65 ± 5) %
3. the artificial judgment in thermoprint zone
During sampling, according to the hot stamping process of relevant enterprise, indicate the thermoprint zone at cigarette tipping paper, auxiliary judgment is carried out in the thermoprint zone of Computer Automatic Extraction in the follow-up graphical analysis, guarantee the accuracy of thermoprint extracted region.
4. specimen preparation
Carry out under the operating environment of specimen preparation defined in 2.Sample preparation should be quick and precisely, and guarantee that sample is not contaminated.Three parallel samples of each specimen preparation.
Get a cigarette tipping paper, the use paper knife cuts the tipping paper of 50 mm, accurately measures the width of tipping paper then, from midline position tipping paper is cut out to be two parts (showing as Fig. 4), takes out a part as test specimen.
Repeat 2 above-mentioned steps, for 3 test specimens of preparation.
Should guarantee the cleaning of instrument and equipment and operator's console in the whole sampling process, avoid the microslide of sample and preparation to be polluted.
5. determination step
The test specimen for preparing is fixed at objective table, open multi-light-source illumination system.
Open image capturing system and image processing software, adjust objective table, the tipping paper sample for preparing is within the visual field of CCD fully, regulate the industrial lens that is installed in above the CCD, clear until the tipping paper sample image.
Under screening-mode, use the bigger two kinds of lighting systems of sidelight of the less top light source of incident angle and incident angle that sample is carried out image acquisition respectively respectively.
Under the image tupe, the thermoprint zone is split from background, and carry out binary conversion treatment, the hot stamping process information of obtaining during by sampling is carried out auxiliary judgment to the thermoprint zone of extracting.
Under the image tupe, extract the single hot stamping unit on the tipping paper sample, calculate the area in thermoprint zone and the area of whole selection area respectively, and calculate number percent.
6. calculate
The calculating of cigarette tipping paper thermoprint number percent is calculated by following formula:
In the formula:
The thermoprint area percentage of R=cigarette tipping paper;
A
I=cigarette tipping paper thermoprint region area, unit are μ m
2
A
JThe total area of=cigarette tipping paper selection area, unit are μ m
2
Determining of image acquisition mode
Choose the tipping paper sample of certain cigarette brand as tested object, use scanner (Fig. 5 a) and CCD(Fig. 5 b) to carry out image acquisition respectively, test findings as shown in Figure 5.Can find that by contrast the thermoprint zone among Fig. 5 a is fuzzy, be difficult to effective differentiation with background, and take the image that CCD obtains among Fig. 5 b because utilized the characteristic of thermoprint zone minute surface reflection, the thermoprint zone is separated from background preferably, therefore select for use the acquisition mode of CCD to obtain image information.
The selection of light source under the ccd image acquisition mode
The selection of light source is to the very big influence of obtaining of sample image information, and the selection of Different Light can cause the extraction effect difference in thermoprint zone huge, and further influences the quality of image and the accuracy of analysis.At the different reflective characteristic of thermoprint zone with non-thermoprint zone, designed the illuminator (as Fig. 3) of multiple light courcess combination.This system, two cover light sources are used alternatingly, and a cover is used for strengthening the properties of specular reflection in thermoprint zone, this characteristic of another set of reduction.Therefore non-thermoprint zone does not have properties of specular reflection, shows similar in appearance under two kinds of light sources, differs greatly and the thermoprint zone shows under two kinds of light source effects.This method is namely utilized this difference, realizes the extraction in thermoprint zone.
(1) specular light source
For fully showing the properties of specular reflection in thermoprint zone, designed the combined light source that coaxial light source combines with dome diffuse reflection light source (referring to Fig. 3).Coaxial light source has been for the reflection of the minute surface in thermoprint zone provides the little incident angle illuminating ray of close optical axis, and the light that makes thermoprint zone under the camera lens can reflect from this light source enters camera lens.Because there is bending in various degree in the thermoprint area surfaces, can pounce on the reflection ray of grasping the type zone for making camera lens, introduced dome diffuse reflection light source, this light source is based on the integral principle of light, make illuminating ray have characteristics such as luminous cross section is big, the incident angle dynamic range is big, be applicable to the minute surface indirect illumination on crooked thermoprint surface in most cases.
Under the effect of above-mentioned two kinds of light sources, the light that the thermoprint zone always can be reflected from light source enters camera lens, thereby obtains the tipping paper image of abundant performance thermoprint zone properties of specular reflection, and the thermoprint paper image that obtains as shown in Figure 6.
(2) non-mirror reflection light source
For obtaining the image of thermoprint zone when the non-mirror reflection, designed the side light light source of big incident angle.This light source is made up of two linear light sorurces, is that the visual field provides illumination with the incident angles of nearly 90 degree, regulates brightness and makes similar when using the specular light source of the light intensity of visual field.The thermoprint zone is difficult to enter camera lens to the reflection ray of light source, so under the illumination of the type light source, the tipping paper image that collects does not have the reflection of tangible minute surface, uses thermoprint paper image that this light source obtains as shown in Figure 7.
Assisting down of multi-light-source illumination system, CCD can extract the thermoprint zone preferably from background, and existing thermoprint extracted region mode based on scanner and Photoshop is not because utilize the high reflective characteristic in thermoprint zone, can only simply cut apart image according to the color space of RGB, can not embody the difference of image in brightness, when thermoprint color and print color relatively near the time then be difficult to realize effective extraction.It is to be noted that radium-shine being printed under the multi-light-source illumination system on the tipping paper also can effectively separate.
Image is cut apart
By twice imaging of multi-light-source illumination system, obtained minute surface reflection and the non-mirror reflection image in thermoprint zone respectively, the gray scale in thermoprint zone has bigger difference in two width of cloth images, but not the thermoprint zone does not have obviously difference.Through pre-service such as necessary denoising, gray processings, with two width of cloth image subtractions, can remove or reduce the gray-scale value in non-thermoprint zone, make the thermoprint zone in image, be enhanced, its expression formula is as follows:
Be labeled as 255 pixel corresponding to the thermoprint zone of tipping paper, be labeled as 0 pixel then corresponding to the background area of tipping paper.So just will from background, extract with the thermoprint zone of analyzing by setting image threshold.
Adopt multi-light-source illumination system and necessary processing such as denoising, gray processing and binaryzation can from complicated background, identify thermoprint zone in the cigarette tipping paper effectively, but for the accuracy that guarantees to analyze, be necessary in conjunction with in the typography to the setting in thermoprint zone, carry out auxiliary judgment to extracting the result.
Obtaining of single hot stamping unit
The selection in thermoprint zone has significant effects to analysis result in the graphical analysis, because the thermoprint zone on the tipping paper all is continuous and circulation, so only need carry out the thermoprint area ratio that graphical analysis just can obtain tipping paper to hot stamping unit.Tipping paper thermoprint area computation method based on Photoshop is the method that adopts artificial cutting to obtaining of a hot stamping unit, and this brings unnecessary error easily, causes the inaccurate of analysis result.This method adopts the mode of computer picture recognition to realize the extraction in single thermoprint zone.
After the extraction flow process obtains the binary image in thermoprint zone among Fig. 8, be the single hot stamping unit in the recognition image, need mate each shape in the image, the interval between two graphic elements that the match is successful is exactly a hot stamping unit cycle.According to above-mentioned principle, this Project design following hot stamping unit extracting method, mainly comprise contents such as connected domain extraction, connected domain Shape Feature Extraction, connected domain coupling.It extracts the result as shown in figure 10.
Claims (5)
1. detection method that is suitable for measuring cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area, it is characterized in that: by adopting two light-source illuminating systems, CCD imaging system and Computer Image Processing analysis mode, utilize the thermoprint zone to have properties of specular reflection, but not the thermoprint zone has irreflexive characteristic, come out in thermoprint zone and non-thermoprint Region Segmentation, and then calculate the thermoprint region area and account for the number percent of the tipping paper total area, concrete steps are (1) specimen preparation, (2) image acquisition and processing analysis, (3) result of calculation.
2. the detection method that is suitable for measuring cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described specimen preparation refers under certain temperature and relative humidity, on the tipping paper sample, cut the paper fragment of 50 mm in the continuous thermoprint zone, accurately measuring the width of tipping paper then and from midline position tipping paper being cut out is two parts, takes out a part as test specimen.
3. the detection method that is suitable for measuring cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described image acquisition and processing analysis is with non-thermoprint zone light to be had different reflection potentiales according to the thermoprint zone, adopt charge coupled cell (CCD) to finish the collection of image, comprise the extraction in (1) thermoprint zone; (2) extraction of single hot stamping unit;
The extraction in thermoprint zone: the thermoprint zone has properties of specular reflection, but not the thermoprint zone is diffusing characteristic diffuser, and under the illuminator of two light sources, a cover light source be used for to be strengthened the properties of specular reflection in thermoprint zone, another set of light source this characteristic that weakens; Therefore non-thermoprint zone does not have properties of specular reflection, shows similar in appearance under two kinds of light sources, differs greatly and the thermoprint zone shows under two kinds of light source effects; Utilize this species diversity, just can tentatively realize the extraction in thermoprint zone; Obtain preliminary image afterwards through pre-service such as necessary denoising, binaryzations, with two width of cloth image subtractions, can remove or reduce the gray-scale value in non-thermoprint zone, make the thermoprint zone in image, be enhanced, realize the accurate extraction in thermoprint zone;
The extraction of single hot stamping unit: after obtaining the binary image in thermoprint zone, be the single hot stamping unit in the recognition image, need each shape in the image is mated, interval between two graphic elements that the match is successful is exactly a hot stamping unit cycle, just can be used for follow-up graphical analysis after hot stamping unit is accurately identified.
4. the detection method that is suitable for measuring cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: used two light-source systems during image acquisition, comprise the top light source, the sidelight source, described top light source is made up of coaxial light source and dome light source, light source after the combination can provide the illuminating ray of little incident angle for the visual field, including firing angle is zero on-axis rays, be used for strengthening the properties of specular reflection in thermoprint zone, described sidelight source is made up of two linear light sorurces that are positioned at the both sides, visual field, is used for the properties of specular reflection in reduction thermoprint zone for the visual field provides the big incident angle illuminating ray of nearly 90 degree.
5. the detection method that is suitable for measuring cigarette tipping paper thermoprint area according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: result of calculation is that the calculating of cigarette tipping paper thermoprint number percent is calculated by following formula:
In the formula:
The thermoprint area percentage of R=cigarette tipping paper;
A I =cigarette tipping paper thermoprint region area, unit are μ m
2
A J The total area of=cigarette tipping paper selection area, unit are μ m
2
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