CN103257181A - Metal sheet defect detection device and method in high-speed motion state - Google Patents
Metal sheet defect detection device and method in high-speed motion state Download PDFInfo
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- CN103257181A CN103257181A CN2013101985947A CN201310198594A CN103257181A CN 103257181 A CN103257181 A CN 103257181A CN 2013101985947 A CN2013101985947 A CN 2013101985947A CN 201310198594 A CN201310198594 A CN 201310198594A CN 103257181 A CN103257181 A CN 103257181A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metal sheet defect detection device and method in a high-speed motion state. The device mainly comprises a computer, a high-speed motion device, a probe, a signal processing circuit, an acquisition card and a direct-current power source. According to the device, the probe is driven by the direct-current power source, a metal sheet is fixed above the high-speed motion device and passes through the probe at constant speed; when a magnetic field is cut as a result of relative movement between the metal sheet and the probe, an induced current is generated in the metal sheet; the induced current then generates a secondary magnetic field so as to change the size of a space magnetic field; when a defect exists in the metal sheet, the induced current varies so as to change the size of the magnetic field; a magnetic field sensor in the probe measures the change of the magnetic field; output signals pass through the signal processing circuit and the acquisition card and are then output to the computer; and the defect of the metal sheet can be recognized through data analysis. The device and method can be applied to nondestructive detection and evaluation of the quality and in-service state of the metal sheets, and have wide market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sheet metal defect detecting device and method under a kind of high-speed motion state, belong to technical field of nondestructive testing.
Background technology
Sheet metal is the huge starting material of basic industries demand, is the important structure material of industry such as engineering machinery, spacecraft, military aircraft, rocket-powered missile, boats and ships naval vessels.Yet, at different applications, will be according to demand in the process strict defective that wherein whether contains influential usability that detects of sheet metal.Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement is a kind of detection means of workpiece being implemented not damage, do not influence usability, is widely used in fields such as product design, material selection, processing and manufacturing, product inspection, stock's reinspection, maintenance.At present, Non-Destructive Testing has become a kind of compulsive measures in a lot of fields, to guarantee product quality and in the safe operation of labour equipment.
Conventional sheet metal defect inspection method mainly contains supercritical ultrasonics technology, x-ray method, eddy-current method.Supercritical ultrasonics technology mainly contains pulse reflection method, through transmission technique and resonant method, is the lossless detection method that is most widely used at present.Yet, guarantee the totally smooth of test specimen surface before supercritical ultrasonics technology detects, and need be coated with couplant on the test specimen surface, can not be subjected to that the extraneous factor influence is made moist or when contaminated, otherwise can influence the mechanical strength of measurand and stablizing of size, can't realize online detection.X-ray method be utilize ray in material decay and some objects produced photochemical action carry out, have highly sensitive, intuitive and reliable, good reproducibility, but it is long to detect cost height, time, a large amount of slice, thin pieces of taking need experienced staff to differentiate, can't onlinely detect, and need take the radiation protection measure.The principle of work of eddy-current method is Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, has that cost is low, speed is fast, need not advantage such as couplant, but eddy-current method is influenced by skin effect, only is applicable to the situation on sheet metal surface and nearly surface is carried out Non-Destructive Testing and assessment.
Summary of the invention
Problem at above-mentioned prior art existence, the invention provides sheet metal defect detecting device and method under a kind of high-speed motion state, have that the skin effect of not being subjected to influences, speed is fast, need not couplant, advantage such as safe and efficient, can to the defective of sheet metal carry out online, at a high speed, high-precision Non-Destructive Testing and assessment.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts sheet metal defect detecting device under a kind of high-speed motion state, comprises direct supply, probe, signal conditioning circuit, capture card, computing machine and high-speed motion device; It is characterized in that direct supply connects probe input end, probe output termination signal conditioning circuit input end, signal conditioning circuit output terminal and links to each other with computing machine through capture card, computing machine connects the input end of high-speed motion device; Described probe is eddy current probe, is made of iron core, coil, Hall element and circuit board, and coil is around on the iron core, and Hall element is fixed on the circuit board, and circuit board is fixed in the iron core lower end.
Sheet metal defect inspection method under a kind of high-speed motion state comprises following steps:
1) probe signal of the described pick-up unit measurement standard sheet material test specimen of use wherein contains the dissimilar artificial defect of precognition, and is placed on the high-speed motion device in the standard plate test specimen, gathers the output signal that comprises defect information under uniform motion;
2) adopt principal component analysis (PCA) to extract the principal character of different defective output signals;
3) use support vector machine method and set up defect classification model;
4) adopting described pick-up unit to measure the signal of the sheet material test specimen to be measured of unknown defective, utilize step 2) described method is extracted its principal character, and the defective in the Model Identification sheet material test specimen to be measured of employing step 3) foundation.
From every kind of standard metal sheet material, choose 70% sample in the step 3) and form the training set that modeling is used, adopt support vector machine method to set up the disaggregated model of sheet metal according to defect kind then; Sample with remaining 30% is formed the checking collection, calls the discriminating model of the sheet metal defective of having set up, and obtains the classification of checking collection sample.
Prior art is compared, and the invention has the advantages that: speed is fast, need not couplant, safe and efficient etc., particularly adopt the direct supply drive coil to produce magnetic field, so DISTRIBUTION OF MAGNETIC FIELD is not subjected to the influence of skin effect; The electric current that induction produces in sheet metal is relevant with movement velocity, therefore can increase induction current by improving movement velocity, and the method that the present invention proposes not only can improve the detection degree of depth, also can improve instrumental sensitivity and detection efficiency simultaneously.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) has the skin effect of not being subjected to be influenced, and can detect big wall thickness sheet material deep zone defect and detect; (2) detection speed is more fast, and sensitivity is more high; (3) can carry out online Non-Destructive Testing and assessment to sheet metal; (4) detection speed fast, need not couplant, advantage such as safe and efficient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of popping one's head in apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of Hall element in apparatus of the present invention probe.
Among the figure: 1, iron core, 2, coil, 3, Hall element, 4, circuit board.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, sheet metal defect detecting device under the high-speed motion state of the present invention comprises direct supply, probe, signal conditioning circuit, capture card, computing machine and high-speed motion device; Direct supply connects probe input end, probe output termination signal conditioning circuit input end, signal conditioning circuit output terminal and links to each other with computing machine through capture card, and computing machine connects the input end of high-speed motion device; As shown in Figures 2 and 3: popping one's head in is eddy current probe, is made of iron core 1, coil 2, Hall element 3 and circuit board 4, and coil 2 is around on the iron core 1, and Hall element 3 is fixed on the circuit board 4, and circuit board 4 is fixed in iron core 1 lower end.
During detection: probe places the sheet metal top, sheet metal moves with uniform velocity under the control of high-speed motion device, the coil 2 that adopts direct supply to drive in the probe produces magnetic field, coil 2 is around on the iron core 1 to strengthen magnetic field, use Hall element 3 and measure magnetic field, Hall element 3 output signals are input to computing machine behind signal conditioning circuit and capture card.
Direct supply provides continuous-current excitation for the coil 2 of probe, to produce the stationary magnetic field, computing machine is made uniform motion by high-speed motion device control sheet metal, thereby in sheet metal, produce induction current, induction current produces magnetic field again, thereby influence the size in former magnetic field, adopt Hall element 3 to detect magnetic fields in probe, probe output is input to through signal conditioning circuit and capture card and does further processing in the computing machine.
According to Theory of Electromagnetic Field as can be known, in EDDY CURRENT, the computing formula of length of penetration δ is as follows:
Wherein f is excitation frequency, and μ is the magnetic permeability of material, and σ is conductivity of electrolyte materials.When carrying out the current vortex detection, the detection that carry out degree of depth defective necessarily requires length of penetration δ to be not less than depth of defect.Therefore, when needing the depth of defect increase of detected sheet metal, must reduce excitation frequency, defective is more dark, and the frequency of requirement is also more low.Frequency is more low, and inductive loop density is more weak, and it is little to cause the vortex field to change, i.e. sensitivity reduces.Relation between inductive loop density J and the exciting field is as follows
J＝jωA
Wherein, A is vector magnetic potential, and ω is the excitation angular frequency.Therefore in order to break away from the skin effect influence, the present invention adopts DC source of energization, and is like this then DISTRIBUTION OF MAGNETIC FIELD is not subjected to the influence of skin effect.
Sheet metal defect detecting device of the present invention carries out work based on the motion eddy effect, coil 2 in the probe adopts DC power supply to produce the stationary magnetic field, when between probe and the detected sheet metal relative motion being arranged, field signal in the sheet metal can change, thereby induction produces electric current, the current density that is produced by exercise effect is σ V * (▽ * A), therefore can increase current density by improving movement velocity, not only the detection degree of depth can be improved, and sensitivity and detection efficiency can be improved.
When containing defectiveness in the tested sheet metal, the electric current that produces in the sheet metal also can be affected, faradic variation can change the secondary magnetic field of generation conversely, and then influence the size of space magnetic field, therefore under the situation of constant airspeed, the variation of space magnetic field has comprised the defect information in the sheet metal.
As shown in Figure 3: the Hall element 3 described in the pick-up unit carries out work based on Hall effect, and the Hall voltage that produces is determined by following formula:
U
H＝K
HIB
K wherein
HBe the sensitivity of Hall element, I is the control electric current of Hall element, and B is the magnetic field in the residing space of Hall element.Hall element 3 is definite, then K
HBe constant, when adding a constant control electric current for Hall element 3, the output signal U of Hall element 3 then
HOnly relevant with space magnetic field, this measures the principle in magnetic field for using Hall element.The control electric current of Hall element adopts DC power supply, therefore I is constant, then the output signal of Hall element 3 is only relevant with space magnetic field, and magnetic field has comprised defect information, so the output signal of Hall element 3 has directly reflected the defect information in the sheet metal.
Sheet metal defect inspection method under a kind of high-speed motion state comprises following steps:
1) probe signal of the described pick-up unit measurement standard sheet material test specimen of use wherein contains the dissimilar artificial defect of precognition, and is placed on the high-speed motion device in the standard plate test specimen, gathers the output signal that comprises defect information under uniform motion;
2) adopt principal component analysis (PCA) to extract the principal character of different defective output signals;
3) use support vector machine method and set up defect classification model;
4) adopting described pick-up unit to measure the signal of the sheet material test specimen to be measured of unknown defective, utilize step 2) described method is extracted its principal character, and the defective in the Model Identification sheet material test specimen to be measured of employing step 3) foundation.
From every kind of standard metal sheet material, choose 70% sample in the step 3) and form the training set that modeling is used, adopt support vector machine method to set up the disaggregated model of sheet metal according to defect kind then; Sample with remaining 30% is formed the checking collection, calls the discriminating model of the sheet metal defective of having set up, and obtains the classification of checking collection sample, and defect type actual with it compares, and obtains the accuracy that model is differentiated the sheet metal defect kind.
Claims (3)
1. sheet metal defect detecting device under the high-speed motion state comprises direct supply, probe, signal conditioning circuit, capture card, computing machine and high-speed motion device; It is characterized in that direct supply connects probe input end, probe output termination signal conditioning circuit input end, signal conditioning circuit output terminal and links to each other with computing machine through capture card, computing machine connects the input end of high-speed motion device; Described probe is eddy current probe, constituted by iron core (1), coil (2), Hall element (3) and circuit board (4), coil (2) is around on the iron core (1), and Hall element (3) is fixed on the circuit board (4), and circuit board (4) is fixed in iron core (1) lower end.
2. sheet metal defect inspection method under the high-speed motion state is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
1) right to use requires the probe signal of 1 described pick-up unit measurement standard sheet material test specimen, the dissimilar artificial defect that wherein contains precognition in the standard plate test specimen, and be placed on the high-speed motion device, under uniform motion, gather the output signal that comprises defect information;
2) adopt principal component analysis (PCA) to extract the principal character of different defective output signals;
3) use support vector machine method and set up defect classification model;
4) adopting the described pick-up unit of claim 1 to measure the signal of the sheet material test specimen to be measured of unknown defective, utilize step 2) described method is extracted its principal character, and the defective in the Model Identification sheet material test specimen to be measured of employing step 3) foundation.
3. sheet metal defect inspection method under a kind of high-speed motion state according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, from every kind of standard metal sheet material, choose 70% sample in the described step 3) and form the training set that modeling is used, adopt support vector machine method to set up the disaggregated model of sheet metal according to defect kind then; Sample with remaining 30% is formed the checking collection, calls the discriminating model of the sheet metal defective of having set up, and obtains the classification of checking collection sample.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103760229A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-30 | 天津大学 | Welding defect giant magnetoresistance vortexing detection method based on supporting vector machine |
| CN106442706A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-22 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | Underground dynamic steel wire detector |
| CN107388953A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-11-24 | 苏州昌田机械设备制造有限公司 | A kind of coating for metal surfaces Thickness measuring instrument |
| CN107403428A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-28 | 连云港美步家居有限公司 | Plate defect recognition methods and device |
| CN107422038A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-01 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of steel construction detection means and method that tuning fork resonance is instigated based on magnetic pull |
| CN107422029A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-12-01 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of apparatus and method of accurate detection metal plate defect |
| CN108375627A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-08-07 | 东莞市慧眼数字技术有限公司 | Intelligent terminal for damaged metal detection |
| CN109188533A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院信息工程研究所 | Detection method, device and the equipment of a kind of electronic equipment |
| CN110058044A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-26 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of magnetic strength speed measuring equipment and steel plate speed measurement method |
| CN110057904A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-26 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of defect quantitative detection method and device moving metal component |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103760229B (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2016-03-30 | 天津大学 | Based on the weld defects giant magnetoresistance eddy current detection method of support vector machine |
| CN103760229A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-30 | 天津大学 | Welding defect giant magnetoresistance vortexing detection method based on supporting vector machine |
| CN106442706A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-22 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | Underground dynamic steel wire detector |
| CN106442706B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2024-03-01 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | Underground steel wire dynamic detector |
| CN107422029B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2020-11-03 | 陕西科技大学 | Device and method for accurately detecting defects of metal plate |
| CN107422029A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-12-01 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of apparatus and method of accurate detection metal plate defect |
| CN107403428A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-28 | 连云港美步家居有限公司 | Plate defect recognition methods and device |
| CN107388953A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-11-24 | 苏州昌田机械设备制造有限公司 | A kind of coating for metal surfaces Thickness measuring instrument |
| CN107422038B (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2023-03-14 | 重庆交通大学 | Steel structure detection device and method based on magnetic attraction driving tuning fork resonance |
| CN107422038A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-01 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of steel construction detection means and method that tuning fork resonance is instigated based on magnetic pull |
| CN108375627A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-08-07 | 东莞市慧眼数字技术有限公司 | Intelligent terminal for damaged metal detection |
| CN109188533A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院信息工程研究所 | Detection method, device and the equipment of a kind of electronic equipment |
| CN110057904A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-26 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of defect quantitative detection method and device moving metal component |
| CN110057904B (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2021-05-25 | 电子科技大学 | Method and device for quantitatively detecting defects of moving metal component |
| CN110058044A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-26 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of magnetic strength speed measuring equipment and steel plate speed measurement method |
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