CN103340618A - Digital blood pressure monitor and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Digital blood pressure monitor and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103340618A CN103340618A CN2013103110032A CN201310311003A CN103340618A CN 103340618 A CN103340618 A CN 103340618A CN 2013103110032 A CN2013103110032 A CN 2013103110032A CN 201310311003 A CN201310311003 A CN 201310311003A CN 103340618 A CN103340618 A CN 103340618A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a digital blood pressure monitor and an implementation method of the digital blood pressure monitor. The digital blood pressure monitor comprises a main control unit, an air pump, an air valve, a cuff, a pressure sensor, a serial port, a display device and a man-machine interaction device. The digital blood pressure monitor further comprises an intelligent control pressurizing module, a sampling module, a sampling time judgment module, a filtration module, a systolic pressure calculating module and a diastolic pressure calculating module. The digital blood pressure monitor is convenient to carry, easy to operate, clear in display, short in needed time according to the measuring method, and high in degree of comfort of a measured person.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of digital sphygmomanometer and its implementation.
Background technology
Blood pressure is reflection cardiovascular system one of the important physiological parameter of heart state of unifying, and accurately measures for blood pressure to be conducive to early discovery and to differentiate the hypertension type, and proposes the proper treatment suggestion.Sphygomanometer can be divided into two kinds of direct-type and indirect types.The operation principle of two kinds of sphygomanometers is inequality, and direct-type is to change with the direct gaging pressure of pressure transducer; The operation principle of indirect type then is that control is applied to the pressure on the tested position from the outside, and the generation of the relative Ke Shi sound of the result that will control and the information of disappearance are judged.No matter but the former is to tremulous pulse or vein follow-on test, and the latter can only measure systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure of tremulous pulse.
At present on the market blood pressure commonly used in respect of three kinds of mercury column sphygmomanometer, air pressure meter type blood pressure meter and electric sphygmomanometers.Mercury sphygmomanometer than electric sphygmomanometer and meter type blood pressure meter accurately and safety, the whole world is general, is considered to " goldstandard " of blood pressure determination.But mercury column sphygmomanometer is had relatively high expectations to operating technology, and mercurous, if mishandling, can become hospital, family's primary pollution source, generally is applicable to hospital and clinic.Contain pollution and the very big hydrargyrum of toxicity owing to contain mercury thermometer, in recent years, restriction and denial measure have been taked to supply and the use of hydrargyrum one after another in countries in the world.2007, European Parliament forbade that by legislation EU countries's use contains mercury thermometer.To the end of the year in 2007, the U.S. had 13 states to ban use of by legislation to contain mercury thermometer, medical system then buy safer succedaneum.In the 25th management of united nations environment plan (UNEP) director meeting that in February, 2009, held in Kenya Nairobi, the various countries environment minister reaches common understanding: United Nations Environment Programme will hold 5 government-to-government talks committee series meetings in 2010 in the period of to 2013, and international mercury pollution control pact was reached in plan by 2013.That is to say that after traditional mercurial sphygmomanometer was discarded, the sphygomanometer of other form was with comprehensive occuping market.
The air pressure meter type blood pressure meter utilizes pulsometer operation pressure measurement, and its volume is little, easy to carry, and do not have the shortcoming that hydrargyrum leaks, but along with the increase of number of applications, can be because form of springs changes the accuracy that influences the result, so need the mercury column sphygmomanometer of regular and standard to calibrate.
The electric sphygmomanometer outward appearance is light and handy, and is easy to carry, operates simple and easyly, show to understand, relatively is fit to general family and uses.Electric sphygmomanometer mainly adopts oscillographic method to realize no-invasive measurement of blood pressure.Utilize electronic pressure transmitter to differentiate, put down in writing pressure and pulse signal in the blood pressure measurement process, handle by the algorithm routine of clinical textual criticism, finally draw compression and press and diastolic pressure.The deficiency of this sphygomanometer is exactly the algorithm complexity, and the variation with condition produces bigger measurement error easily.Simultaneously electric sphygmomanometer exists Measuring Time long, and the height that pressurizes allows measured's discomfort.
Summary of the invention
The problems referred to above in view of the electric sphygmomanometer existence.The invention provides a kind of digital sphygmomanometer and its implementation.
Described digital sphygmomanometer comprises main control unit, the air pump that is connected with main control unit, air valve, cuff, pressure transducer, serial ports, display device and human-computer interaction device, it is characterized in that, also comprise the Based Intelligent Control compression module, control air pump fast aeration, pressing speed is 10mmHg/s, and fast aeration transfers trickle charge gas during to the systolic pressure of individuality to be measured to; The control air pump pressurizes for cuff at a slow speed, and pressing speed is 2 ~ 3mmHg/s; After calculating systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, heart rate, venting fast; Sampling module is gathered cuff pressure value according to pressure transducer; The sampling time judge module judges whether the sampling time reaches predetermined value; Filtration module, adopt the second order butterworth band filter of 0.5 ~ 3.5HZ filter pulse wave signal; Systolic pressure, diastolic pressure computing module calculate systolic pressure, diastolic pressure according to described pulse wave signal.Described main control unit adopts single chip computer AT mega128.The systolic pressure of described individuality to be measured is 40mmHg.
The implementation method of described digital sphygmomanometer comprises the steps: the first, and the intervalometer of display device, air pump, pressure transducer, main control unit is carried out initialization; The second, during initialization, Based Intelligent Control compression module control air pump fast aeration, fast aeration just transfer trickle charge gas during to the systolic pressure of individuality to be measured to; The 3rd, sampling module is gathered cuff and is pressed sampling in air pump pressurization, and the sampling time judge module judges whether the sampling time reach predetermined value, and the initial value by corresponding registers is set and intervalometer overflow interruption to be judged; The 4th, transfer at a slow speed inflation to after, preceding 50 cufves pressure sampled value filter value is put 0; The 5th, filtration module filtering, the corresponding cuff of pulse peak value is pressed and pulse wave after the preservation filtering, and the subscript of these two arrays is this position of pulse peak value in all peak values.The 6th, according to these two arrays, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure computing module obtain systolic pressure ps, diastolic pressure pd; The 7th, ask heart rate, according to the sampling period, press number of samples by the cuff that calculates between 21 peak values of first pulse wave peak value to the, use the heart rate definition then and obtain.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is blood pressure measurement schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 product entire block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is realization flow figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is single chip computer AT mega128 pinouts;
Fig. 5 is the quick PWM pattern of the present invention sequential chart.
The specific embodiment
Specify the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Sphygomanometer of the present invention is to carry out blood pressure measurement in the process of air pump to the cuff pressurization.In this process, utilize pressure transducer to gather corresponding cuff and press, this cuff is pressed the mixed signal of namely thinking blood pressure and pulse wave.The mixed signal bandpass filtering is obtained pulse wave, because the amplitude of pulse wave is than little many of the amplitude of blood pressure, so mixed signal can be estimated as blood pressure signal, utilizes the proportionate relationship of pulse wave amplitude to obtain blood pressure signal characteristic of correspondence point and be systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.Shown in Fig. 1, transverse axis express time among the figure, unit are s, and the longitudinal axis is represented the cuff pressure, and unit is mmHg.Since cuff press be difficult to filter when very little pulse wave, so pressure process can be divided into two stages.Phase I (0 ~ t1 time period among the figure), the control air pump is pressurized to about 40mmHg for cuff fast, and pressing speed is generally 10mmHg/s, obtains the cuff that the OA straight line is represented among the figure and presses.Second stage, the control air pump pressurizes for cuff at a slow speed, and pressing speed is generally 2 ~ 3mmHg/s, obtains the cuff that the AB curved section is represented among the figure and presses.And obtain corresponding pulse wave by filtering, i.e. the figure Smalt curve of cyclical fluctuations.The cuff of the maximum Am correspondence of pulse wave crest is pressed and is designated as mean pressure pm.The peaked left side of pulse wave crest, peak amplitude are that Ad=Am*kd(kd is the diastolic pressure characteristic coefficient) the cuff of pulse wave correspondence press pd to be designated as diastolic pressure.Peaked the right of pulse wave crest, peak amplitude are that As=Am*ks(ks is the diastolic pressure characteristic coefficient) the cuff of pulse wave correspondence press ps to be designated as systolic pressure.Heart rate is defined as the number of the pulse wave that per minute obtains, and the pulse wave number and the required time that obtain of stage calculates heart rate thus.Phase III, calculate systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, heart rate after, fast venting.
Wherein, as long as second stage is pressurized to the systolic pressure of individuality to be measured, just can forward the phase III venting to.And at present general measuring blood pressure generally will be added to more than the 160mmHg, far above normal systolic pressure scope.Therefore use the measuring blood pressure method more at present always, measuring method required time of the present invention is short, and measured's comfort is strong.
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention connects the collection with pressure that realizes tucking inside the sleeve of air pump, air valve, cuff, pressure transducer at single chip computer AT mega128.Controlled by single-chip microcomputer, connection display device and human-computer interaction device's (as button) increase human-computer interaction function on the single-chip microcomputer, and the realization of connection serial ports is communicated by letter with the PC machine.
The realization flow figure of sphygomanometer is as shown in Figure 3: the first, and initialization comprises the initialization to intervalometer, display, air pump, pressure transducer.During initialization, control air pump fast aeration, fast aeration just transfer trickle charge gas during to 40mmHg to.The second, judge whether the sampling time reach, initial value that can be by corresponding TCNTn depositor is set and corresponding timer are overflowed and are interrupted obtaining.The 3rd, transfer at a slow speed inflation to after, the pulse wave error that preceding 50 cufves press sampled value filtering to obtain is bigger, therefore it is put 0.The 4th, be not that the cuff that all samplings of preservation and filtering obtain is pressed and pulse wave, and the corresponding cuff of pulse peak value is pressed and pulse wave after only preserving filtering, the subscript of these two arrays is this position of pulse peak value in all peak values.According to these two arrays, gas pressure measurement principle can be tried to achieve systolic pressure, diastolic pressure in the application.The 5th, ask heart rate, press number of samples bp_count by the cuff that calculates between 21 peak values of first pulse wave peak value to the, the definition of using heart rate then obtains.By experiment, we select sampling period 100ms, so the heart rate computing formula is: heart rate/60=20/ (0.1*bp_count), i.e. heart rate=1200/bp_count.
The realization of Based Intelligent Control compression module.For sphygomanometer, key technology is how to control the inflation of pressurizeing of air pump speed on request.Here to use second function of respective pins of single chip computer AT MEGA128 and the quick PWM mode of operation of single-chip microcomputer.By Fig. 4 as can be known second function of pin PB4 be T/C0 output relatively and PWM export.When single-chip microcomputer worked in quick PWM pattern, comparing unit can be at PB4 pin output PWM waveform.The concrete mechanism that produces waveform, shown in Fig. 5, the output comparand register OCR0 of double buffering compares with the numerical value of T/C (TCNT0) always, the zero clearing when comparison match of OC0 depositor, set when counter O reset, produce the PWM ripple according to OC0 control PB4 pin, with the average voltage of this Waveform Control air pump work, make its speed pressurization inflation on request.Therefore, what is called soon, at a slow speed the inflation, namely be that different OCR0 register values is set.
The realization of filtration module.Measuring blood pressure of the present invention is to gather corresponding cuff to press in the air pump pressurization.Therefore the interference that friction causes of expanding of the disturbance of air pump work and cuff is bigger to the image data influence.This just requires stricter to its filtering algorithm.Because low order butterworth wave filter favorable linearity phase characteristic, smooth amplitude-frequency response characteristic, high stability, response characteristic fast, the present invention selects second order butterworth wave filter for use.For the selection of filter parameter because the effect of wave filter be from cuff press and pulse involve filter the mixed signal of disturbance of some air pumps etc. pulse wave signal.It is low frequency signal that cuff is pressed, and the frequency range 0.5 ~ 60HZ of pulse wave, but the pulse wave frequency more than ninety percent is below 5HZ.Therefore select the second order butterworth band filter of 0.5 ~ 3.5HZ for use, from mixed signal, filter pulse wave signal.
Satisfying under the prerequisite of number of samples, selecting sample frequency fs for use is 10HZ.Be that passband is the second order butterworth wave filter of 0.5 ~ 3.5HZ because of what select for use again.So can be by following designing filter:
n=2;wn=[0.53.5]/(fs/2); [b,a]=butter(n,wn);
[y,t]=impz(b,a); Result=conv(y,bp) 。
Wherein bp is the cuff pressure that collects by pressure transducer, the coefficient y that Result is cuff pressure and second order butterworth wave filter does the pulse wave that convolution draws, and then calculates systolic pressure, diastolic pressure according to systolic pressure, diastolic pressure computing module.
Claims (6)
1. a digital sphygmomanometer comprises main control unit, and the air pump that is connected with main control unit, air valve, cuff, pressure transducer, serial ports, display device and human-computer interaction device is characterized in that, also comprise
The Based Intelligent Control compression module, the control air pump is given the cuff fast aeration, and pressing speed is 10mmHg/s, and fast aeration transfers trickle charge gas during to the systolic pressure of individuality to be measured to; The control air pump pressurizes for cuff at a slow speed, and pressing speed is 2 ~ 3mmHg/s; After calculating systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, heart rate, venting fast;
Sampling module is gathered cuff pressure value according to pressure transducer;
The sampling time judge module overflows interruption by initial value and the intervalometer that depositor is set, and judges whether the sampling time reaches predetermined value;
Filtration module, adopt the second order butterworth band filter of 0.5 ~ 3.5HZ filter pulse wave signal;
Systolic pressure, diastolic pressure computing module calculate systolic pressure, diastolic pressure according to described pulse wave signal.
2. digital sphygmomanometer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described main control unit adopts single chip computer AT mega128.
3. digital sphygmomanometer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the systolic pressure of described individuality to be measured is 40mmHg.
4. the implementation method of the described digital sphygmomanometer of claim 1 comprises the steps:
The first, the intervalometer of display device, air pump, pressure transducer, main control unit is carried out initialization;
The second, during initialization, Based Intelligent Control compression module control air pump fast aeration, fast aeration transfer trickle charge gas during to the systolic pressure of individuality to be measured to;
The 3rd, in the air pump pressurization, sampling module is gathered cuff and is pressed, and the sampling time judge module judges whether the sampling time reaches predetermined value;
The 4th, transfer at a slow speed inflation to after, preceding 50 cufves pressure sampled value filter value is put 0;
The 5th, filtration module filtering, the corresponding cuff of pulse peak value is pressed and pulse wave after the preservation filtering, and the subscript of these two arrays is this position of pulse peak value in all peak values.
5. the 6th, according to these two arrays, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure computing module obtain systolic pressure ps, diastolic pressure pd;
The 7th, ask heart rate, according to the sampling period, press number of samples by the cuff that calculates between 21 peak values of first pulse wave peak value to the, use the heart rate definition then and obtain.
6. as the implementation method of digital sphygmomanometer as described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that the systolic pressure of described individuality to be measured is 40mmHg.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107049290A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-08-18 | 北京大学 | A kind of ambulatory blood pressure measuring method and system |
| CN110013233A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-16 | 博脉有限公司 | Pulse condition analyser and its control method |
| CN110505840A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2019-11-26 | 日本光电工业株式会社 | Blood pressure measuring device |
| CN113243897A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-08-13 | 成都厚信健科技有限公司 | Health monitoring nursing medical system based on internet |
| CN114533009A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-05-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Blood pressure measuring device and pressurizing method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107049290B (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2020-05-29 | 北京大学 | Dynamic blood pressure measuring method and system |
| CN110013233A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-16 | 博脉有限公司 | Pulse condition analyser and its control method |
| CN114533009A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-05-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Blood pressure measuring device and pressurizing method thereof |
| CN113243897A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-08-13 | 成都厚信健科技有限公司 | Health monitoring nursing medical system based on internet |
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Application publication date: 20131009 |