CN103445818A - 装载单元检测组件以及与其一起使用的手术装置 - Google Patents

装载单元检测组件以及与其一起使用的手术装置 Download PDF

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CN103445818A
CN103445818A CN2013102176333A CN201310217633A CN103445818A CN 103445818 A CN103445818 A CN 103445818A CN 2013102176333 A CN2013102176333 A CN 2013102176333A CN 201310217633 A CN201310217633 A CN 201310217633A CN 103445818 A CN103445818 A CN 103445818A
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connecting rod
load units
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pin
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戴维·尼古拉斯
约翰·比尔兹利
拉塞尔·普里巴尼奇
迈克尔·热姆洛克
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Covidien LP
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    • A61B90/90—Identification means for patients or instruments, e.g. tags

Abstract

本公开提供装载单元检测组件以及与其一起使用的手术装置。本公开涉及手持式动力手术装置、装载单元检测组件、手术用接合器和/或接合器组件，所述手术用接合器和/或接合器组件在所述动力手术装置或手柄组件与末端执行器之间使用并且将它们相互连接以用于夹紧、切割、吻合和/或密封组织。

Description

装载单元检测组件以及与其一起使用的手术装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求递交于2012年6月1日、序列号为61/654，197的美国临时专利申请的权益和优先权，其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及手术装置和/或系统、装载单元检测组件、手术用接合器以及它们的使用方法。更特别地，本公开涉及在动力手术装置或手柄组件与用来夹紧、切割、吻合和/或密封组织的末端执行器之间使用并将它们相互连接的手持式动力手术装置、装载单元检测组件、手术用接合器和/或接合器组件。
背景技术
有一种类型的手术装置是一种线性夹紧、切割和吻合装置。在外科手术操作中，可以使用这样的装置来切除胃肠道中癌变的或异常的组织。传统的线性夹紧、切割和吻合器械包括具有细长轴和远侧部的手枪握柄样式的结构。远侧部包括一对剪刀样式的夹持元件，夹持元件夹紧闭合结肠的开口端。在本装置中，两个剪刀样式的夹持元件中的一个元件(如砧座部)相对于整个结构移动或枢转，而另一个夹持元件相对于整个结构保持固定。该剪取装置的致动（砧座部的枢转）是由保持在手柄中的握柄扳机来控制的。
除了剪取装置以外，远侧部还包括吻合机构。剪取机构的固定夹持元件包括吻合钉钉仓接纳区域和用来驱动吻合钉紧靠砧座部向上穿过组织的被夹紧端从而密封先前开口端的机构。剪取元件可以与所述轴整体形成或者是可以拆卸的使得各种剪取元件和吻合元件可以互换。
许多手术装置的生产商已经开发出具有适用于操作和/或操纵所述手术装置的专用驱动系统的产品线。在许多实例中，所述手术装置包括：可重复使用的手柄组件；以及一次性末端执行器或同类物，其可以在使用前选择性地被连接到所述手柄组件上，然后在使用后再从所述末端执行器断开连接以便于被处置或在一些实例中被消毒以重复使用。
与许多现有的手术装置和/或手柄组件一起使用的许多现有的末端执行器都是由线性力来驱动。例如，用于执行胃肠内吻合术操作、端对端吻合术操作以及横向吻合术操作的末端执行器通常均需要线性驱动力以便于被操作。因此，这些末端执行器与使用旋转运动来传递动力等的手术装置和/或手柄组件无法配合使用。
为了使所述线性驱动的末端执行器与使用旋转运动来传递动力的手术装置和/或手柄组件互相配合使用，对于在线性驱动的末端执行器和旋转驱动的手术装置和/或手柄组件之间进行交接并且将其相互连接的接合器和/或接合器组件存在需求。另外，在末端执行器与这样的接合器接近啮合前，手柄组件一般都能够被致动（例如，推进击发杆或关节式运动杆）。因此，提供一种将阻止、基本上阻止或阻碍手柄组件在所述手术装置（例如，接合器）的内窥镜部与末端执行器或装载单元正确啮合前被至少部分地致动的系统将是很有帮助的。
发明内容
本公开涉及手持式动力手术装置、装载单元检测组件、手术用接合器和/或接合器组件，所述手术用接合器和/或接合器组件在所述动力手术装置或手柄组件与末端执行器之间使用并且将它们相互连接以用来夹紧、切割、吻合和/或密封组织。
根据本公开的方案，提供了一种手术装置，并且所述手术装置包括：装置壳体，其限定选择性地与所述接合器组件连接的连接部；至少一个驱动电动机，其被支撑在所述装置壳体中且被配置以旋转至少一个驱动轴；电池，其被布置以与至少一个驱动电动机电连通；以及电路板，其被布置在所述壳体内以控制从所述电池输送到所述至少一个驱动电动机的电力；装载单元，其被配置以执行至少一种功能；接合器组件，其用于将所述装载单元和所述装置壳体选择性地相互连接；以及装载单元检测组件，其被布置以与所述接合器组件机械配合。所述装载单元检测组件包括：检测连杆，其被配置以通过所述装载单元被啮合，所述检测连杆能够相对于所述装载单元纵向地平移；开关销，其被布置以与所述检测连杆机械配合，使得所述检测连杆的纵向平移引起所述开关销的对应的纵向平移；以及开关按钮，其被布置以与所述接合器组件机械配合。在使用中，所述装载单元和所述装载单元检测组件之间的预定量的机械啮合引起所述检测连杆的近侧平移，并且引起所述开关销向近侧运动而与所述开关按钮相接触，并且其中，由所述开关销施加在所述开关按钮上的预定量的力启动所述开关按钮，所述开关按钮与所述装置壳体的一部分电连通从而允许所述至少一个驱动电动机的致动。
所述检测连杆的远侧端可以包括用于啮合所述装载单元的固位凸耳（retaining lug）的凸轮面。
所述手术装置还可以包括被布置在所述开关销和所述检测连杆之间的开关连杆，所述开关销能够相对于所述开关连杆纵向地平移。所述开关连杆能够相对于所述检测连杆旋转。
所述开关按钮可以至少部分地由开关壳体容纳。
所述手术装置还可以包括与开关销同轴地布置的第一偏置元件，所述第一偏置元件被布置在所述开关连杆的近侧部与所述开关销的扩大直径部之间。所述开关按钮可以至少部分地由开关壳体容纳，并且其中所述装载单元检测组件还包括至少部分被布置在所述开关壳体和所述开关连杆的部分之间的伸缩销（retraction pin），第二偏置元件与所述伸缩销同轴地布置并且被配置以施加远侧力到所述开关连杆上。
所述第二偏置元件可以被配置以在所述第一偏置元件开始压缩之前开始压缩。
在所述开关销和所述开关按钮之间实现接触之前，所述第一偏置元件可不开始压缩。
所述伸缩销能够相对于所述开关连杆纵向地平移。
所述开关销能够相对于所述开关连杆纵向地平移。
根据本公开的另一个方案，提供一种装载单元检测组件，其与被配置以用来选择性地与装载单元啮合的手术装置一起使用。所述装载单元检测组件包括被配置以通过装载单元被啮合的检测连杆；以及被布置在所述检测连杆近侧的开关按钮。在使用中，所述装载单元和所述装载单元检测组件之间的啮合引起所述检测连杆相对于所述装载单元向近侧平移，并且引起所述开关按钮变得啮合，并且所述开关按钮的啮合引起与所述手术装置的部分电连通，从而允许所述手术装置的所述部分的致动。
所述装载单元检测组件还可以包括被布置以与所述检测连杆机械配合且邻近所述开关按钮的开关销，并且还可以包括被布置在所述开关销和所述检测连杆之间的开关连杆，所述开关销能够相对于所述开关连杆纵向地平移。
所述检测连杆的远侧端可以包括用来啮合所述装载单元的固位凸耳的凸轮面。
所述开关连杆能够相对于所述检测连杆旋转。
所述装载单元检测组件还可以包括与开关销同轴地布置的第一偏置元件，所述第一偏置元件被布置在所述开关连杆的近侧部与所述开关销的扩大直径部之间。
所述开关按钮可以至少部分地由开关壳体容纳。所述装载单元检测组件还可以包括至少部分地布置在所述开关壳体与所述开关连杆的部分之间的伸缩销，并且还可以包括与所述伸缩销同轴地布置且被配置以施加远侧力到所述开关连杆上的第二偏置元件。
所述第二偏置元件可以被配置以在所述第一偏置元件开始压缩之前开始压缩。
在所述开关销和所述开关按钮之间实现接触之前，所述第一偏置元件不可以开始压缩。
所述伸缩销能够相对于所述开关连杆纵向地平移。
附图说明
这里参照附图描述了本公开的各种实施例，其中：
图1是根据本公开实施例的手术装置和接合器的部件分离的立体图，图示了其与末端执行器的连接；
图2是图1中的手术装置的立体图；
图3是图1和图2中的手术装置的部件分离的立体图；
图4是用于图1至图3的手术装置中的电池的立体图；
图5是去除壳体的图1至图3中的手术装置的立体图；
图6是所述手术装置和所述接合器中每一个的连接端的立体图，图示了它们之间的连接；
图7是通过图2的7-7取得的图1至图3中的手术装置的剖视图；
图8是通过图2的8-8取得的图1至图3中的手术装置的剖视图；
图9是图1至图3中的手术装置的扳机壳体的部件分离的立体图；
图10是图1中的接合器的立体图；
图11是包括根据本公开的装载单元检测组件的接合器组件的立体图；
图12和图13是接合器组件的近侧部的立体图；
图14和图15是为清楚起见，省略接合器组件各零件的装载单元检测组件的立体图；
图16是为清楚起见，省略掉其壳体的装载单元检测组件的立体图；
图17和图18是接合器的远侧部和装载单元的近侧部之间啮合前和啮合后的功能立体图；
图19是通过图10的19-19取得的接合器的剖视图；
图20是图19中细节指示区域的放大图；
图21是图19中细节指示区域的放大图；
图22是与本公开的手术装置和接合器一起使用的示例性末端执行器的零件分离的立体图；以及
图23是LED输出的示意图；电动机选择示意图（选择夹紧/切割，旋转或关节式运动）；以及执行所选定功能的驱动电动机选择示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图详细描述本公开的手术装置、接合器组件以及用于手术装置和/或手柄组件的装载单元检测组件的实施例，其中在几幅附图的每幅附图中相同附图标记指代相同的或对应的元件。在本文中使用时，术语“远侧”是指所述接合器组件或手术装置或其部件的较远离用户的部分，而术语“近侧”是指所述接合器组件或手术装置或其部件的较接近用户的部分。
根据本公开的实施例，手术装置总体被表示为100，且被配置为一种动力手持式机电器械的形式，其被配置以选择性地将多个不同的末端执行器附接于此，每一个末端执行器均被配置以由所述动力手持式机电手术器械来致动和操纵。
如图1所图示，手术装置100被配置为用来选择性地连接接合器200，然后，依次地，接合器200被配置为选择性地连接装载单元300（例如，末端执行器、多次或单次使用装载单元）。
如图1至图3所图示，手术装置100包括手柄壳体102，手柄壳体102包括下壳体部104、中间壳体部106以及上壳体部108，其中，中间壳体部106从下壳体部104延伸出和/或被支撑在下壳体部104上，上壳体部108从中间壳体部106延伸出和/或被支撑在中间壳体部106上。中间壳体部106和上壳体部108被分离成远侧半部110a和近侧半部110b，其中，远侧半部110a从下壳体部104延伸出且与下壳体部104整体形成，近侧半部110b通过采用多个紧固件可与远侧半部110a相连接。当接合时，远侧半部110a与近侧半部110b限定了手柄壳体102，手柄壳体102内有空腔102a，电路板150和驱动机构160被设置在空腔102a中。
如图3所示，沿横切上壳体部108的纵向轴线“X”的平面分隔远侧半部110a和近侧半部110b。
手柄壳体102包括垫圈112，垫圈112完全地在远侧半部110a和/或近侧半部110b的缘边的周围延伸且被插入在远侧半部110a和近侧半部110b之间。垫圈112密封远侧半部110a和近侧半部110b的周边。垫圈112的功能是在远侧半部110a和近侧半部110b之间形成气密密封以便于在消毒和/或清洗操作时保护电路板150和驱动机构160。
以这种方式，手柄壳体102的空腔102a沿着远侧半部110a的周边密封，并且近侧半部110b还被配置为使得能够更轻松、更高效地将电路板150和驱动机构160装配在手柄壳体102中。
手柄壳体102的中间壳体部106提供了电路板150被设置在其中的壳体。将在下面额外详细阐明，配置电路板150来控制手术装置100的各种操作。
手术装置100的下壳体部104限定了在其上表面中形成的孔隙（未显示）并且孔隙位于中间壳体部106的下方或内部。下壳体部104的孔隙提供了可供导线152穿过的通道以将位于下壳体部104中的电气部件（如图4中所图示的电池156、如图3中所图示的电路板154等）与位于中间壳体部106和/或上壳体部108中的电气部件（电路板150、驱动机构160等）相互电连接。
手柄壳体102包括被布置在下壳体部104（未显示）的孔隙内的垫圈103，因而在允许导线152穿过下壳体部104的孔隙的同时还堵塞或密封下壳体部104的孔隙。垫圈103的功能是在下壳体部106和中间壳体部108之间形成气密密封以便于在消毒和/或清洗操作时保护电路板150和驱动机构160。
正如图所示，手柄壳体102的下壳体部104提供了可拆卸地位于其中的可再充电电池156。电池156被配置为给手术装置100的电气部件中的任何一个部件提供电力。下壳体部104限定了电池156被插入其中的空腔（未显示）。下壳体部104包括枢转地连接于其上的门105，门105用来封闭下壳体部104的空腔并将电池156保持在空腔中。
参照图3和图5，上壳体部108的远侧半部110a限定了鼻部或连接部108a。鼻锥114被支撑在上壳体部108的鼻部108a上。鼻锥114是由透明材料制造。照明构件116被布置在鼻锥114内使得透过鼻锥114可见照明构件116。照明构件116采用发光二极管印刷电路板（LED PCB）的形式。照明构件116被配置为使用与独特离散事件关联的特定颜色图案来照亮多种颜色。
手柄壳体102的上壳体部108提供了驱动机构160位于其中的壳体。如图5所示，配置驱动机构160来驱动轴和/或齿轮部件以便于执行手术装置100的各种操作。特别地，配置驱动机构160来驱动轴和/或齿轮部件，以便于相对于装载单元300的近侧主体部302，选择性地移动装载单元300的工具组件304（参照图1和图22），从而使得装载单元300相对于手柄壳体102绕纵轴线“X”（参照图3）旋转，以使得砧座组件306相对于装载单元300的钉仓组件308移动，和/或击发在装载单元300的钉仓组件308内的吻合切割钉仓。
驱动机构160包括相对紧邻接合器200定位的选择变速箱组件（selectorgearbox assembly）162。邻近选择变速箱组件162的是具有第一电动机164的功能选择模块163，第一电动机164的功能为选择性地移动选择变速箱组件162内的齿轮元件以与具有第二电动机166的输入驱动部件165相啮合。
如图1至图4所示，且如上所述，上壳体部108的远侧半部110a限定了连接部108a，连接部108a配置为接受接合器200的对应的驱动联接组件210。
如图6至图8所示，当接合器200与手术装置100匹配时，手术装置100的连接部108a具有用来接纳接合器200的驱动联接组件210的柱形凹槽108b。连接部108a容纳三个可旋转驱动连接器118、120、122。
当接合器200与手术装置100匹配时，手术装置100的可旋转驱动连接器118、120、122中的每一个均与接合器200的对应的可旋转连接器套管218、220、222相联接。（参照图6）。在这点上，对应的第一驱动连接器118和第一连接器套管218之间的交接、对应的第二驱动连接器120和第二连接器套管220之间的交接，以及对应的第三驱动连接器122和第三连接器套管222之间的交接都是键联接，以便于手术装置100的驱动连接器118、120、122中的每一个的旋转都会引起接合器200的对应的连接器套管218、220、222的对应的旋转。
手术装置100的驱动连接器118、120、122与接合器200的连接器套管218、220、222的匹配允许经由三个对应的连接器交接中的每一个独立地传输旋转力。手术装置100的驱动连接器118、120、122被配置为通过驱动机构160独立地旋转。在这点上，驱动机构160的功能选择模块163会选择由驱动机构160的输入驱动部件165来驱动手术装置100的驱动连接器118、120、122中的哪一个或多个驱动连接器。
因为手术装置100的驱动连接器118、120、122中的每一个驱动连接器都是与接合器200的相应的连接器套管218、220、222进行键联接和/或基本上非可旋转地相接，当接合器200被联接到手术装置100时，会选择性地将旋转力从手术装置100的驱动机构160传递到接合器200。
手术装置100的驱动连接器118、120和/或122的选择性的旋转允许手术装置100选择性地致动装载单元300的不同功能。例如，手术装置100的第一驱动连接器118的选择性的且独立的旋转对应于装载单元300的工具组件304的选择性的且独立的打开和闭合，以及对应于装载单元300的工具组件304的吻合/切割部件的驱动。作为另外的实例，手术装置100的第二驱动连接器120的选择性的且独立的旋转对应于横切于纵轴线“X”（参照图3）的装载单元300的工具组件304的选择性的且独立的关节式运动。另外，例如，手术装置100的第三驱动连接器122的选择性的且独立的旋转对应于装载单元300相对于手术装置100的手柄壳体102的绕纵轴线“X”（参照图3）的选择性的且独立的旋转。
如上所述且如图5和图8所图示，驱动机构160包括选择变速箱组件162；邻近选择变速箱组件162定位的功能选择模块163，功能选择模块163的功能为选择性地移动选择变速箱组件162内的齿轮元件以与第二电动机166相啮合。这样，驱动机构160就在给定时间选择性地驱动手术装置100的驱动连接器118、120、122中的一个驱动连接器。
如图1至图3和图9所示，手柄壳体102在中间壳体部108的远侧表面或远侧上支撑扳机壳体107。与中间壳体部108配合的扳机壳体107支撑一对手指致动的控制按钮124、126和摇杆装置128、130。特别地，扳机壳体107限定了上孔隙124a以用于可滑动地接纳第一控制按钮124，以及下孔隙126b以用于可滑动地接纳第二控制按钮126。
控制按钮124、126和摇杆装置128、130中的每一个均包括由操作者的致动来移动的相应的磁体（未显示）。此外，对于控制按钮124、126和摇杆装置128、130中的每一个，电路板150都包括靠控制按钮124、126和摇杆装置128、130中磁体的移动来致动的相应的霍尔效应开关150a-150d。特别地，位置紧邻控制按钮124的是第一霍尔效应开关150a(参照图3和图7)，在操作者致动控制按钮124时，控制按钮124中的磁体就会移动，从而致动第一霍尔效应开关150a。对应于控制按钮124的第一霍尔效应开关150a的致动会使得电路板150向功能选择模块163和驱动机构160的输入驱动部件165提供适当的信号来闭合装载单元300的工具组件304和/或击发装载单元300的工具组件304内的吻合/切割钉仓。
同样，位置紧邻摇杆装置128的是第二霍尔效应开关150b（参照图3和图7），在操作者致动摇杆装置128时，摇杆装置128中的磁体（未显示）就会移动，从而致动第二霍尔效应开关150b。对应于摇杆装置128的第二霍尔效应开关150b的致动会使得电路板150向功能选择模块163和驱动机构160的输入驱动部件165提供适当的信号来使得工具组件304相对于装载单元300的主体部302进行关节式运动。有利的是，摇杆装置128在第一方向上的移动会引起工具组件304相对于主体部302在第一方向上进行关节式运动，而摇杆装置128在相反方向（如第二方向）上的移动会引起工具组件304相对于主体部302在相反方向（如第二方向）上进行关节式运动。
此外，位置紧邻控制按钮126的是第三霍尔效应开关150c（参照图3和图7），在操作者致动控制按钮126时，控制按钮126中的磁体（未显示）就会移动，从而致动第三霍尔效应开关150c。对应于控制按钮126的第三霍尔效应开关150c的致动会使得电路板150向功能选择模块163和驱动机构160的输入驱动部件165提供适当的信号来打开装载单元300的工具组件304。
另外，位置紧邻摇杆装置130的是第四霍尔效应开关150d（参照图3和图7），在操作者致动摇杆装置130时，摇杆装置130中的磁体（未显示）就会移动，从而致动第四霍尔效应开关150d。对应于摇杆装置130的第四霍尔效应开关150d的致动会使得电路板150向功能选择模块163和驱动机构160的输入驱动部件165提供适当的信号来使装载单元300相对于手术装置100的手柄壳体102旋转。特别地，摇杆装置130在第一方向上的移动会引起装载单元300相对于手柄壳体102在第一方向上旋转，而摇杆装置130在相反方向（如第二方向）上的移动会引起装载单元300相对于手柄壳体102在相反方向（如第二方向）上旋转。
如图1至图3所示，手术装置100包括被支撑在中间壳体部108和上壳体部之间且被定位于扳机壳体107上方的击发按钮或安全开关132。在使用中，根据需要和/或要求，装载单元300的工具组件304在打开状态和闭合状态之间被致动。为了击发装载单元300，为了当装载单元300的工具组件304处于闭合状态时从其中射出紧固件，按下安全开关132，从而指示手术装置100：装载单元300准备从其中射出紧固件。
现在转向图10，接合器200包括旋钮壳体202和从旋钮壳体202的远侧端延伸出的外管206。旋钮壳体202和外管206被配置和定尺寸为容纳接合器200的部件。外管206被定尺寸为用于内窥镜插入，特别地，外管可通过典型的套管针口、插管或同类物。旋钮壳体202的尺寸无法进入套管针口、插管或同类物。旋钮壳体202被配置且适于连接到手术装置100的远侧半部110a的上壳体部108的连接部108a。
接合器200被配置以将手术装置100的驱动连接器120和122中任何一个驱动连接器的旋转转换成用于操作装载单元300的驱动组件360和关节式运动连杆366的轴向平移，如图22所示且将在下面更详细地讨论。
接合器200包括用于将手术装置100的第三可旋转驱动连接器122与装载单元300的第一可轴向平移驱动构件360相互连接的第一驱动传递/转换组件，其中，第一驱动传递/转换组件将手术装置100的第三可旋转驱动连接器122的旋转转换并传递成装载单元300的第一可轴向平移驱动组件360的轴向平移以便进行击发。
接合器200包括用于将手术装置100的第二可旋转驱动连接器120和装载单元300的第二可轴向平移驱动构件366相互连接的第二驱动传递/转换组件，其中，第二驱动传递/转换组件将手术装置100的第二可旋转驱动连接器120的旋转转换并传递成装载单元300的关节式运动连杆366的轴向平移以便进行关节式运动。
如图6所示，接合器200包括一对电触销290a、290b，一对电触销290a、290b与被布置在手术装置100的连接部108a中的对应的电插头190a、190b电连接。电触销290a、290b用来允许经由被电连接到电路板150上的电气插头190a、190b校准和传递生命周期信息给手术装置100的电路板150。接合器200还包括被支撑在旋钮壳体202中且与电触销290a、290b电连通的电路板。
当用户激活手术装置的按钮时，软件会核对预定义的条件。如果符合条件，则软件会控制电动机并且将机械驱动传递给附接的手术吻合器，然后根据按下的按钮的功能，手术吻合器随后能够进行打开、闭合、旋转、关节式运动或发射。软件还通过按照定义的方式打开或熄灭彩色灯给用户提供反馈，从而指示出手术装置100、接合器200和/或装载单元300的状态。
所述系统的高级电气结构图显示在图23中并示出了与各种硬件和软件接口的连接。来自按钮124、126的按压和来自驱动轴的电动机编码器的输入显示在图23的左侧。微型控制器包含操作手术装置100、接合器200和/或装载单元300的装置软件。微型控制器接收微型局域网（MicroLAN）、超级ID（Ultra ID）芯片、电池ID（Battery ID）芯片以及接合器ID（Adaptor ID）芯片的输入以及发送输出给它们。微型局域网、超级ID芯片、电池ID芯片以及接合器ID芯片如下控制手术装置100、接合器200和/或装载单元300：
微型局域网---串行1导线总线通信以读/写系统部件ID信息。
超级ID芯片---识别手术装置100并且记录使用信息。
电池ID芯片---识别电池156并且记录使用信息
接合器ID芯片---识别接合器200的类型，记录末端执行器300的存在并且记录使用信息
在图23中呈现的示意图的右侧指示了：至LED的输出；电动机的选择（选择夹紧/切割、旋转或关节式运动）；以及执行所选择功能的驱动电动机的选择。
如图11至图21所示，手术装置100的接合器200包括装载单元检测组件500。在装载单元300被机械联接到接合器200的远侧端之前，装载单元检测组件500被配置以阻止手术装置100的致动。
装载单元检测组件500包括检测连杆520、检测连杆环540、开关连杆环560、开关连杆580、开关销600、第一偏置元件610、伸缩销620、第二偏置元件640、开关壳体660、开关按钮680、电路700、以及引脚720a和720b。一般地，随着装载单元300被装载/与接合器200相啮合，装载单元300的固位凸耳301使得检测连杆520向近侧进行凸轮运动，从而引起开关连杆580和开关销600的近侧平移，使得开关销600接触开关按钮680。当开关销600和开关按钮680之间接触时，电路700和引脚720a和720b将装载单元300与接合器200相啮合以及因而允许手术装置致动的信息传送到手术装置100。
参照图11至图16、图19和图21，检测连杆520是在装载单元300和接合器200的旋钮壳体202之间延伸的细长构件。如下所述，检测连杆520的远侧部520a包括被配置以与装载单元300的固位凸耳301相啮合的凸轮面522。检测连杆520的近侧部520b被机械联接到检测连杆环540。在所示实施例中，检测连杆环540形成一个完整的环并且环绕接合器200的各部分。另外，在图示的实施例中，检测连杆520被布置为邻近检测连杆环540的外部径向边缘。同样也可以预想到，检测连杆520与检测连杆环540的一部分径向对准，和/或与检测连杆环540形成单一整体。此外，检测连杆环540能够相对于接合器200的近侧部204绕轴线A-A旋转，例如，响应于旋钮壳体202的旋转。
继续参照图11至图16、图19和图21，开关连杆环560被布置在近侧邻近检测连杆环540。可以预想到，开关连杆环560不能够相对于接合器200的近侧部204绕轴线A-A旋转。因而，检测连杆环540能够相对于开关连杆环560旋转。在所示的实施例中，开关连杆环560形成一个完整的环并且环绕接合器200的各部分。开关连杆580的远侧部580a被显示与开关连杆环560整体形成，且从其中向近侧延伸。开关连杆580的近侧部580b被连接（例如，与其整体形成）到开关指状件590上。正如所示，开关指状件590从开关连杆580基本上垂直地延伸出。
特别参照图14至图16和图21，开关销600从开关指状件590向近侧延伸且基本上平行于开关连杆580。开关销600的远侧部600a向远侧延伸穿过开关指状件590中的狭槽592。开关销600至少一部分的周长小于狭槽592至少一部分的周长，从而允许开关销600的远侧部600a移动穿过狭槽592。开关销600的近侧部600b延伸进入开关壳体620中，使得开关销600邻近于开关按钮680。如下讨论，开关销600的近侧面601（参见图16）能运动而与开关按钮680相接触。第一偏置元件610被布置成同轴地围绕开关销600的一部分。更特别地，第一偏置元件610的远侧端610a被布置成与开关指状件590（图16）的近侧面590a相接触，而且，被布置在壳体660内的第一偏置元件620的近侧端610b被布置成与开关销（参见图16）的扩大直径近侧部600b的远侧面相接触。
参照图14、图15和图21，伸缩销620从开关指状件590向近侧延伸，且基本上平行于开关连杆580。伸缩销620的远侧部620a延伸穿过开关指状件590中的孔594（图16）。伸缩销620的至少一部分的周长小于孔594的周长，从而允许伸缩销620的远侧部620a移动穿过孔594。伸缩销620的近侧部620b抵接开关壳体660的远侧面660a。另外，在图示的实施例中，相对于伸缩销620的远侧部620a，伸缩销620的近侧部620b包括扩大的直径。第二偏置元件640被布置成同轴地围绕伸缩销620的一部分。更特别地，第二偏置元件640的远侧端640a被布置成与开关指状件590（图16）的近侧面590a相接触，而且，第二偏置元件640的近侧端640b被布置成与伸缩销620的扩大直径近侧部620b的远侧面相接触。
参照图15、图16和图21，电路700被布置成邻近开关按钮680且在开关壳体660的近侧面上被示出。电路700与开关按钮680电连通且与引脚720a和720b电连通，引脚720a和720b从开关壳体660的一部分向近侧延伸。电路700将开关按钮680的状态（即，与开关销100相接触或不与开关销100相接触）电子地传送（例如，经由引脚720a和720b）到手术装置100的电路板150。当开关按钮680不与开关销600相接触时（即，当装载单元300不与接合器200相啮合（或未正确地啮合）时），电子地防止手术装置被致动。当开关按钮680与开关销600相接触时（即，当装载单元300与接合器200正确啮合时），则电子地允许手术装置的致动。
在操作中，且特别参照图17、图18和图20，当用户将装载单元300与接合器组件200接近时，固位凸耳301进入接合器200中的开口231，且装载单元300的标志303被定位成邻近接合器200的驱动杆258中的狭槽272。接着，用户将装载单元300相对于接合器200（大体沿图17和图18中的箭头“A”的方向）旋转，从而机械地联接装载单元300和接合器200。当旋转时，标志303进入狭槽272，从而使得固位凸耳301接触检测连杆520的凸轮面522。固位凸耳301与凸轮面522之间的啮合使得检测连杆520大体沿图18中箭头“B”的方向向近侧移动。
随着检测连杆520向近侧移动，检测连杆环540同样也向近侧移动。与检测连杆520和检测连杆环540（图16）的径向位置无关，检测连杆环540的近侧移动引起开关连杆环560的近侧移动，这是因为检测连杆环540和开关连杆环560沿着360°彼此邻接。随着开关连杆环560向近侧移动，开关连杆580和开关指状件590同样也克服第二偏置元件640的偏置而向近侧平移。（在开关销600与开关按钮680之间啮合之前，第一偏置元件610不提供克服开关指状件590的任何远侧力，这是因为没有力作用到开关销600的近侧面601上）。使装载单元300继续相对于接合器200旋转，固位凸耳301继续紧靠着凸轮表面522进行凸轮运动，从而引起检测连杆520更进一步向近侧运动。检测连杆520更进一步向近侧运动，以及因而开关连杆590和开关销600的更进一步向近侧移动使得开关销600的近侧面601接触开关按钮680。如上讨论，当开关销600与开关按钮680充分接触时（例如，开关按钮680的预定压缩量），适当的信号被发送给手术装置100的电路板150，这允许手术装置100的致动。
除了允许手术装置100的致动以外，当开关销600接触（和/或按压下）开关按钮680时，第一偏置元件610被啮合并提供作用于开关连杆580的开关指状件590上的远侧力。更特别地，与开关销600相接触的开关按钮680，提供作用于开关销600上的向远侧定向的力。另外，第一偏置元件610允许用户“超行程”装载单元检测组件500，从而有助于确保开关销600与开关按钮680之间可靠的接触。而且，第一偏置元件610同样也允许装载单元检测组件500的各个零件，在零件长度上具有较大（即，较不严格）的公差，例如，同时仍确保开关销600和开关按钮680之间可靠的接触。
参照图14和图21，且如上所述，第二偏置元件640提供作用于开关指状件590上的向远侧定向（例如，缩回）的力。因而，当装载单元300被移除而不与接合器200啮合时，装载单元300的固位凸耳301运动脱离与检测连杆520的凸轮面522的接触，而由第二偏置元件640提供的向远侧定向的力引起开关指状件590、开关连杆580、开关连杆环560、检测连杆环540以及检测连杆520的远侧运动。另外，开关指状件590的远侧运动引起开关销600向远侧运动，从而脱离与开关按钮680的接触。如上讨论，当开关销600不与开关按钮680接触时，手术装置100不能够被致动。因而，当装载单元300不与接合器200相啮合时，手术装置100的致动就不可能。
参照图1和图22，装载单元300被配置和定尺寸用于内窥镜插入通过插管、套管针或同类物。特别地，在图1和图22所图示的实施例中，当装载单元300处于闭合状态时，装载单元300可以通过插管或套管针。
装载单元300包括近侧主体部302和工具组件304。近侧主体部302可被释放地附接到接合器200的远侧联接组件230，而工具组件304可枢转地附接到近侧主体部302的远侧端。工具组件304包括砧座组件306和钉仓组件308。钉仓组件308关于砧座组件306枢转并且能够在打开或未夹紧位置和闭合或夹紧位置之间运动以便于插入通过套管针的插管。近侧主体部302至少包括驱动组件360和关节式运动连杆366。
继续参照图22，驱动组件360包括挠性驱动梁364以及近侧啮合部368，挠性驱动梁364具有被固定到动力夹紧构件365的远侧端。啮合部368包括限定台肩370的阶状部。啮合部368的近侧端包括沿直径对置的向内延伸的指状件372。指状件372与中空的驱动构件374啮合从而将驱动构件374牢固地固定到驱动梁364的近侧端上。驱动构件374限定近侧孔口376，近侧孔口376用来当装载单元300被附接到接合器200的远侧联接组件230时接纳接合器200的第一驱动转换器组件240的驱动管246的连接构件247。
当驱动组件360在工具组件304内被向远侧推进时，夹紧构件365的上梁在砧座板312和砧座盖310之间限定的通道内移动，而且下梁移动到托架316的外表面的上方来闭合工具组件304并从其中发射吻合钉。
装载单元300的近侧主体部302包括关节式运动连杆366，关节式运动连杆366具有从装载单元300的近侧端延伸出的带钩近侧端366a。当装载单元300被固定到接合器200的远侧壳体232时，关节式运动连杆366的带钩近侧端366a与接合器200的驱动杆258的联接钩258c相啮合。当接合器200的驱动杆258如上被推进或缩回时，装载单元300的关节式运动连杆366会在装载单元300内被推进或缩回以使得工具组件304相对于近侧主体部302的远侧端枢转。
如图22所示，工具组件304的钉仓组件308包括能够支撑在托架316中的吻合钉钉仓305。吻合钉钉仓305限定中央纵向狭槽305a，以及被安置在纵向狭槽305a每一侧上的三个线性排的吻合钉保持狭槽305b。每一个吻合钉保持狭槽305b都接纳单个吻合钉307和吻合钉推动器309的一部分。在手术装置100操作期间，驱动组件360与致动滑块抵接并推动致动滑块通过钉仓305。随着致动滑块移动通过钉仓305，致动滑块的凸轮楔顺序地与吻合钉推动器309相啮合，从而在吻合钉保持狭槽305b内垂直地移动吻合钉推动器309并从其中顺序地发射单个吻合钉307以紧靠着砧座板312成形。
可以参考递交于2009年8月31日、名称为“手术吻合装置的工具组件（TOOL ASSEMBLY FOR A SURGICAL STAPLING DEVICE）”、公开号为2009/0314821的美国专利中对于装载单元300的结构和操作的详细讨论。
将要理解的是，可以对这里公开的接合器组件的实施例进行各种修改。例如，在本公开讨论与包括接合器200的手术装置100一起使用的装载单元检测组件500的同时，可以预想到的是，在本公开的范围内，装载单元检测组件500可与包括细长的内窥镜部而不包括接合器的手术装置100一起使用。另外，装载单元检测组件500可与手动的手术器械（例如，一种手术器械，包括至少一个活动手柄，以用来致动钳夹构件，发射紧固件，施加电手术能量到组织，旋转钳夹构件，使钳夹构件进行关节式运动等）一起使用。另外，电池156可以被更换成交替的电源，例如线路电压（AC或者DC）或者燃料电池。因此，上述说明书不应该视为限制，仅仅是一些特定实施例的例证。本领域的技术人员将在本公开的范围和精神内设想其他的修改。

Claims (20)

1.一种手术装置，包括：
装置壳体，其限定用于选择性地与接合器组件连接的连接部；
至少一个驱动电动机，其被支撑在所述装置壳体中且被配置以旋转至少一个驱动轴；
电池，其被布置以与至少一个驱动电动机电连通；
电路板，其被布置在所述壳体内以控制从所述电池输送到所述至少一个驱动电动机的电力；
装载单元，其被配置为执行至少一种功能；
接合器组件，其用于将所述装载单元和所述装置壳体选择性地相互连接；以及
装载单元检测组件，其被布置以与所述接合器组件机械配合，所述装载单元检测组件包括：
检测连杆，其被配置以通过所述装载单元被啮合，所述检测连杆能够相对于所述装载单元纵向地平移；
开关销，其被布置以与所述检测连杆机械配合，使得所述检测连杆的纵向平移引起所述开关销的对应的纵向平移；以及
开关按钮，其被布置以与所述接合器组件机械配合；
其中，所述装载单元和所述装载单元检测组件之间的预定量的机械啮合引起所述检测连杆的近侧平移并且引起所述开关销向近侧运动而与所述开关按钮相接触，并且其中，由所述开关销施加在所述开关按钮上的预定量的力启动所述开关按钮，所述开关按钮与所述装置壳体的一部分电连通从而允许所述至少一个驱动电动机的致动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的手术装置，其中，所述检测连杆的远侧端包括用于与所述装载单元的固位凸耳啮合的凸轮面。
3.根据权利要求1所述的手术装置，还包括被布置在所述开关销和所述检测连杆之间的开关连杆，所述开关销能够相对于所述开关连杆纵向地平移。
4.根据权利要求3所述的手术装置，其中，所述开关连杆能够相对于所述检测连杆旋转。
5.根据权利要求1所述的手术装置，其中，所述开关按钮至少部分地由开关壳体容纳。
6.根据权利要求3所述的手术装置，还包括与所述开关销同轴地布置的第一偏置元件，所述第一偏置元件被布置在所述开关连杆的近侧部与所述开关销的扩大直径部之间。
7.根据权利要求6所述的手术装置，其中，所述开关按钮至少部分地由开关壳体容纳，并且其中所述装载单元检测组件还包括至少部分被布置在所述开关壳体和所述开关连杆的一部分之间的伸缩销，第二偏置元件与所述伸缩销同轴地布置并且被配置以对所述开关连杆施加远侧力。
8.根据权利要求7所述的手术装置，其中，所述第二偏置元件被配置以在所述第一偏置元件开始压缩之前开始压缩。
9.根据权利要求6所述的手术装置，其中，在所述开关销和所述开关按钮之间实现接触之前，所述第一偏置元件不开始压缩。
10.根据权利要求7所述的手术装置，其中，所述伸缩销能够相对于所述开关连杆纵向地平移。
11.根据权利要求10所述的手术装置，其中，所述开关销能够相对于所述开关连杆纵向地平移。
12.一种装载单元检测组件，其与被配置以选择性地与装载单元啮合的手术装置一起使用，所述装载单元检测组件包括：
检测连杆，其被配置以通过装载单元被啮合；以及
开关按钮，其被布置在所述检测连杆的近侧；
其中，所述装载单元和所述装载单元检测组件之间的啮合使所述检测连杆相对于所述装载单元向近侧平移并且使所述开关按钮变得啮合，并且其中所述开关按钮的啮合引起与所述手术装置的部分的电连通从而允许其致动。
13.根据权利要求12所述的装载单元检测组件，还包括被布置以与所述检测连杆机械配合且邻近所述开关按钮的开关销，并且还包括被布置在所述开关销和所述检测连杆之间的开关连杆，所述开关销能够相对于所述开关连杆纵向地平移。
14.根据权利要求12所述的装载单元检测组件，其中，所述检测连杆的远侧端包括用于与所述装载单元的固位凸耳啮合的凸轮面。
15.根据权利要求13所述的装载单元检测组件，其中，所述开关连杆能够相对于所述检测连杆旋转。
16.根据权利要求13所述的装载单元检测组件，还包括与开关销同轴地布置的第一偏置元件，所述第一偏置元件被布置在所述开关连杆的近侧部与所述开关销的扩大直径部之间。
17.根据权利要求16所述的装载单元检测组件，其中，所述开关按钮至少部分地由开关壳体容纳，并且其中所述装载单元检测组件还包括至少部分地布置在所述开关壳体与所述开关连杆的一部分之间的伸缩销，并且还包括与所述伸缩销同轴地布置且被配置以对所述开关连杆施加远侧力的第二偏置元件。
18.根据权利要求17所述的装载单元检测组件，其中，所述第二偏置元件被配置以在所述第一偏置元件开始压缩之前开始压缩。
19.根据权利要求16所述的装载单元检测组件，其中，在所述开关销和所述开关按钮之间实现接触之前，所述第一偏置元件不开始压缩。
20.根据权利要求17所述的装载单元检测组件，其中，所述伸缩销能够相对于所述开关连杆纵向地平移。
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US10080563B2 (en) 2018-09-25
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