CN103489311A - Operating method of single chip microcomputer in intelligent traffic crossing intersection management system - Google Patents
Operating method of single chip microcomputer in intelligent traffic crossing intersection management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103489311A CN103489311A CN201310393419.3A CN201310393419A CN103489311A CN 103489311 A CN103489311 A CN 103489311A CN 201310393419 A CN201310393419 A CN 201310393419A CN 103489311 A CN103489311 A CN 103489311A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
Abstract
The invention discloses an operating method of a single chip microcomputer in an intelligent traffic crossing intersection management system, and belongs to the technical field of control over intelligent traffic. According to the method, a computer image processing part and the single chip microcomputer are included, the single chip microcomputer is used for judging and shifting states, a complex image is converted to simple data through an image processing technology, the complex problem is simplified, the simple data are in communication with the single chip microcomputer to achieve cooperative operation of the computer image processing part and the single chip microcomputer, and intellectualized processing is achieved. The method has the advantages that the data throughput rate is high, contradiction between power dissipation and the processing speed of the intelligent traffic crossing intersection management system can be relieved, and pedestrians are safe on the premise of guaranteeing clear traffic lanes; by controlling traffic streams and pedestrian streams intelligently, the situation that automobiles still wait when no pedestrian walks at an intersection with an existing timing traffic signal lamp is avoided to the maximum extent, then exhaust gas emission of the automobiles is reduced, and unnecessary consumption of energy sources is reduced.
Description
The application is that application number is 201110372185.5 divides an application
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for work of single-chip microcomputer in a kind of intelligent traffic cross junction management system, belong to intelligent transportation control technology field.
Background technology:
In suburb, because the place, some crossings of Ren Shao， highway usually occurs there be not the pedestrian to go across the road but situation about sending out a warning.At this moment, passing vehicle has to stop, and what drivers were anxious is waiting for.This has not only wasted the energy, has polluted air, more may bring out the driver in red light running behavior, causes traffic hazard.In order to tackle this situation, the crossing PBU pushbutton unit has appearred abroad, when the pedestrian is arranged, press button, can make the walkway green light bright, the driveway when red, ensure that pedestrains safety is current.But this kind of design proposal has a very large flaw, if occur can being an impediment to the unimpeded of urban transportation in a plurality of this kind of pedestrian's button crossings in a highway section, vehicle is had to stop and is waited for passing through of pedestrian.Although ensured pedestrian's safety, can't take into account the unblocked of track.Given this plant situation, intelligent traffic lamp system becomes a recent studies on focus.Along with the proposition of urban transportation intelligentized design theory, this research has caused again the concern of height." external electronic measurement technique " magazine 2010-11-22 author is Wu Shen general, beautiful the write paper of Lee party " design of intelligent traffic lamp controller " belong to these row.
Summary of the invention
In order to reach the intelligentized requirement of urban transportation, the invention provides a kind of management system of intelligent traffic cross junction, adopting the new design theory is that the traffic cross junction arranges various states, by judgement and the conversion of each state of chip microcontroller, to take into account the unimpeded and pedestrains safety in track simultaneously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of management system of intelligent traffic cross junction, comprise Computer Image Processing part and single-chip microcomputer, Computer Image Processing partly comprises computing machine and camera, it is characterized in that camera is connected with computing machine, computing machine is connected with single-chip microcomputer by the serial ports of single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer is connected with walkway button and traffic lights by its interface; Described camera is the USB camera.
Described single-chip microcomputer is the ATmega16 single-chip microcomputer.
Described traffic lights comprise driveway traffic lights and crossing traffic lights, the driveway traffic lights are red greenish-yellow three, the crossing traffic lights are red green two, and traffic lights directly are connected with single-chip microcomputer, by the single-chip processor i/o mouth is set, control its light on and off.
Above-mentioned walkway button is a kind of push-button switch.
A kind of method that above-mentioned management system Computer carries out the image processing, step is as follows:
The A.USB camera is aimed at runway, and the video information of collection is read in image processing system through OpenCV built-in function cvCaptureFromCAM in one second with 15 frame picture;
B. use cookbook background learning method in the OpenCV storehouse to the modeling of runway environment unceasing study, produce foreground target (object of the motion such as the automobile) image of binaryzation;
C. use the cvFindContours function to be cut apart the effective coverage in binary picture, by shape, the size information of extracting each effective coverage, judge and whether have vehicle close;
D. when identified vehicle near the time, the calling system function, send to single-chip microcomputer in the serial communication mode by this information.
The method of work of single-chip microcomputer in a kind of above-mentioned management system, step is as follows:
A. single-chip microcomputer adopts inner 4MHz oscillator, and then variable Buffer_Array is interrupted in statement;
B. the time delay subfunction, carry out accurate delay in seconds;
C. serial ports initialization, the UCSRB register is set, set RXEN, TXEN and RXCIE position, making to receive serial ports reception and receive interruption enables, the UCSRC register is set, set URSEL, UCSZ1 and UCSZ0, data layout is set is 8 bit data positions, 1 position of rest and do not retain inspection position, school, UBRRL and UBRRH register are set, and it is 9600 that baud rate is set
UBRRL=(F_CPU/9600/16-1)%256；UBRRH=(F_CPU/9600/16-1)/256；
D. principal function, arrange
DDRB=0x00；PORTB=0xFF；
PORTC=0xFF；DDRC=0xFF；
DDRD=0x00；PORTD=0xFF；
The PB mouth is input port, be made as on resistance inside and draw, the PC mouth is delivery outlet, be made as on resistance inside and draw, the PD mouth is input port, be made as on resistance inside and draw, then the MCUCR register is set, MCUCR=0x08, be made as the external interrupt negative edge and produce the asynchronous interrupt request, GICR is set, set INT1, opening INT1 interrupts, then open global interrupt, start to enter while (1) circulation: the value of variable Buffer_Array is interrupted in judgement, 31H if, i=0, 32H if, i=1, the PC mouth is carried out to data output, light the traffic lights that PC1 and PC5 control, be walkway red light and driveway green light, then return to judgement and interrupt the value of variable Buffer_Array, this flow process is carried out in circulation, the value of interrupting variable Buffer_Array in formula provides in step e,
The e.USART interrupt function, use the USART serial communication mouth of single-chip microcomputer, receive the data that spread out of from computing machine, whether single-chip microcomputer automatic decision computing machine outgoi8ng data, outgoi8ng data, deposit at once the UDR register in, then the value of UDR register is given and interrupt variable Buffer_Array variable, judge whether outgoi8ng data of computing machine, single-chip microcomputer judgement outgoi8ng data, return to step e, there is no outgoi8ng data, return to steps d;
The f.INT1 interrupt function, triggering realizes by pressing the button that connects single-chip microcomputer, be indicated as pedestrian's state, if trigger, jump out principal function, entering interrupt function carries out, by the low and high level of PC mouth is set, determine the light on and off of lamp, judge the now value of variable i, if the value of i is 0, S2 gets the hang of, the walkway red light goes out at once, the driveway green light goes out, the walkway green light is bright, the driveway when red, time delay 30s, then the driveway amber light is bright, the walkway when red, time delay 5s, then the driveway green light is bright, the walkway when red, exit interrupt function, if the value of i is not 0, S1 gets the hang of, the driveway green light is bright, the walkway red light goes out, time delay 20s, then the driveway amber light is bright, the walkway when red, then the walkway green light is bright for time delay 5s, the driveway when red, time delay 30s, then the driveway amber light is bright, the walkway when red, time delay 5s, then the driveway green light is bright, the walkway when red, exit interrupt function, return to steps d.
DDRB, DDRC, DDRD, PORTB, PORTC, PORTD is this area universal I/O port control register.
Intelligent traffic cross junction management system of the present invention can detect wagon flow and pedestrian's situation of a cross junction, and makes suitable state switching.Camera is arranged on to traffic cross junction place, and the detection of vehicle automatically gathers image by camera and realizes, pedestrian's detection is realized by the walkway button that is contained in the crossing both sides.Automatically according to vehicle and pedestrian's state judgement traffic lights, which kind of state next enters to system constantly, realizes intelligent control.The traffic signal lamp system state is provided with following three kinds:
State S0: always runway is unimpeded, the crossing cut-off; (facilitate automobile in the situation that do not have pedestrian unblocked)
State S1: unimpeded a period of time of runway, then unimpeded a period of time of walkway; (car, the situation when pedestrian is arranged are arranged)
State S2: unimpeded a period of time of walkway, then unimpeded a period of time of runway; (pedestrian is arranged, the situation during without car)
System of the present invention changes complicated image into simple data by image processing techniques, and challenge is oversimplified, and simple data and single-chip microcomputer are communicated, and realizes Computer Image Processing and single-chip microcomputer co-operating, reaches intelligent processing method.
Intelligent traffic cross junction management system of the present invention has following advantage than other system:
1, single-chip microcomputer chooses, ATmega16 is based on 8 CMOS microcontrollers of low-power consumption of the AVR risc architecture of enhancing, due to its advanced instruction set and single clock cycle instruction time, the data throughput of ATmega16 is up to 1MIPS/MHz, thereby can the contradiction of relieving system between power consumption and processing speed, ATmega16 have energy-conservation and to environmental requirement low advantage, under the situation of this electromagnetic environment complexity of traffic cross junction, work, its advantageous advantage is arranged.
2, the intelligent traffic lamp management system can ensure under the prerequisite that runway is unimpeded to greatest extent, has ensured pedestrian's safety, to sacrifice the unimpeded method that exchanges pedestrains safety in track, very large improvement has been arranged more in the past.
3, by Based Intelligent Control wagon flow and the stream of people, the situation that while reducing to the full extent current traffic timing signal without the pedestrian, automobile is still waited for, and then reduced the exhaust emissions of automobile, reduce the unnecessary consumption of the energy.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the syndeton schematic diagram of system of the present invention.
Wherein: 1, Computer Image Processing part, 2, camera, 3, computing machine, 4, the walkway button, 5, single-chip microcomputer, 6, traffic lights.
Fig. 2 is the single chip circuit connection diagram of system of the present invention.Wherein: 7, external crystal-controlled oscillation module, 8, singlechip chip ATmega16,9, traffic lights, be connected display effect, 10, the walkway button with the PC mouth of single-chip microcomputer.Singlechip chip connects the external crystal-controlled oscillation module, the ability of higher anti-external interference is arranged, and can improve the single-chip microcomputer travelling speed, when the single-chip microcomputer processing speed can't meet the demands, adopts external crystal-controlled oscillation can improve processing speed.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram that system Computer of the present invention carries out the method for image processing; Wherein A-D is its each step.
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of the method for work of single-chip microcomputer in system of the present invention; Wherein a-f is its each step.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described, but be not limited to this.
Embodiment 1:
The embodiment of the present invention 1 as shown in Figure 1, comprise Computer Image Processing part 1 and single-chip microcomputer 5, Computer Image Processing part 1 comprises computing machine 3 and camera 2, it is characterized in that camera 2 is connected with computing machine 3, computing machine 3 is connected with single-chip microcomputer 5 by the serial ports of single-chip microcomputer 5, and single-chip microcomputer 5 is connected with walkway button 4 and traffic lights 6 by its interface; Described camera 2 is USB cameras.
Described single-chip microcomputer 5 is the ATmega16 single-chip microcomputer.
Described traffic lights 6 comprise driveway traffic lights and crossing traffic lights, the driveway traffic lights are red greenish-yellow three, the crossing traffic lights are red green two, and traffic lights 6 directly are connected with single-chip microcomputer 5, by single-chip microcomputer 5I/O mouth is set, control its light on and off.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of method that above-mentioned management system Computer carries out the image processing, as shown in Figure 3, step is as follows:
The A.USB camera is aimed at runway, and the video information of collection is read in image processing system through OpenCV built-in function cvCaptureFromCAM in one second with 15 frame picture;
B. use cookbook background learning method in the OpenCV storehouse to the modeling of runway environment unceasing study, produce foreground target (object of the motion such as the automobile) image of binaryzation;
C. use the cvFindContours function to be cut apart the effective coverage in binary picture, by shape, the size information of extracting each effective coverage, judge and whether have vehicle close;
D. when identified vehicle near the time, the calling system function, send to single-chip microcomputer in the serial communication mode by this information.
The method of work of single-chip microcomputer in a kind of above-mentioned management system, as shown in Figure 4, step is as follows:
A. single-chip microcomputer adopts inner 4MHz oscillator, and then variable Buffer_Array is interrupted in statement;
B. the time delay subfunction, carry out accurate delay in seconds;
C. serial ports initialization, the UCSRB register is set, set RXEN, TXEN and RXCIE position, making to receive serial ports reception and receive interruption enables, the UCSRC register is set, set URSEL, UCSZ1 and UCSZ0, data layout is set is 8 bit data positions, 1 position of rest and do not retain inspection position, school, UBRRL and UBRRH register are set, and it is 9600 that baud rate is set
UBRRL=(F_CPU/9600/16-1)%256；UBRRH=(F_CPU/9600/16-1)/256；
D. principal function, arrange
DDRB=0x00；PORTB=0xFF；
PORTC=0xFF；DDRC=0xFF；
DDRD=0x00；PORTD=0xFF；
The PB mouth is input port, is made as on resistance inside and draws, and the PC mouth is delivery outlet, is made as on resistance inside and draws, and the PD mouth is input port, is made as on resistance inside and draws, and then the MCUCR register is set, MCUCR=0x08;
Be made as the external interrupt negative edge and produce the asynchronous interrupt request, GICR is set, set INT1, open INT1 and interrupt, then open global interrupt, start to enter while (1) circulation: the value of variable Buffer_Array is interrupted in judgement, 31H, i=0,32H if if, i=1, the PC mouth is carried out to data output, light the traffic lights that PC1 and PC5 control, i.e. walkway red light and driveway green light, then return to judgement and interrupt the value of variable Buffer_Array, this flow process is carried out in circulation; The value of interrupting variable Buffer_Array in formula provides in step e;
The e.USART interrupt function, use the USART serial communication mouth of single-chip microcomputer, receive the data that spread out of from computing machine, whether single-chip microcomputer automatic decision computing machine outgoi8ng data, outgoi8ng data, deposit at once the UDR register in, then the value of UDR register is given and interrupt variable Buffer_Array variable, judge whether outgoi8ng data of computing machine, single-chip microcomputer judgement outgoi8ng data, return to step e, there is no outgoi8ng data, return to steps d;
The f.INT1 interrupt function, triggering realizes by pressing the button that connects single-chip microcomputer, be indicated as pedestrian's state, if trigger, jump out principal function, entering interrupt function carries out, by the low and high level of PC mouth is set, determine the light on and off of lamp, judge the now value of variable i, if the value of i is 0, S2 gets the hang of, the walkway red light goes out at once, the driveway green light goes out, the walkway green light is bright, the driveway when red, time delay 30s, then the driveway amber light is bright, the walkway when red, time delay 5s, then the driveway green light is bright, the walkway when red, exit interrupt function, if the value of i is not 0, S1 gets the hang of, the driveway green light is bright, the walkway red light goes out, time delay 20s, then the driveway amber light is bright, the walkway when red, then the walkway green light is bright for time delay 5s, the driveway when red, time delay 30s, then the driveway amber light is bright, the walkway when red, time delay 5s, then the driveway green light is bright, the walkway when red, exit interrupt function, return to steps d.
Claims (1)
1. the method for work of single-chip microcomputer in an intelligent traffic cross junction management system, this system comprises Computer Image Processing part and single-chip microcomputer, Computer Image Processing partly comprises computing machine and camera, camera is connected with computing machine, computing machine is connected with single-chip microcomputer by the serial ports of single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer is connected with walkway button and traffic lights by its interface; Described camera is the USB camera, and this step is as follows:
A. single-chip microcomputer adopts inner 4MHz oscillator, and then variable Buffer_Array is interrupted in statement;
B. the time delay subfunction, carry out accurate delay in seconds;
C. serial ports initialization, the UCSRB register is set, set RXEN, TXEN and RXCIE position, making to receive serial ports reception and receive interruption enables, the UCSRC register is set, set URSEL, UCSZ1 and UCSZ0, data layout is set is 8 bit data positions, 1 position of rest and do not retain inspection position, school, UBRRL and UBRRH register are set, and it is 9600 that baud rate is set
UBRRL=(F_CPU/9600/16-1)%256；UBRRH=(F_CPU/9600/16-1)/256；
D. principal function, arrange
DDRB=0x00；PORTB=0xFF；
PORTC=0xFF；DDRC=0xFF；
DDRD=0x00；PORTD=0xFF；
The PB mouth is input port, be made as on resistance inside and draw, the PC mouth is delivery outlet, be made as on resistance inside and draw, the PD mouth is input port, be made as on resistance inside and draw, then the MCUCR register is set, MCUCR=0x08, be made as the external interrupt negative edge and produce the asynchronous interrupt request, GICR is set, set INT1, opening INT1 interrupts, then open global interrupt, start to enter while (1) circulation: the value of variable Buffer_Array is interrupted in judgement, 31H if, i=0, 32H if, i=1, the PC mouth is carried out to data output, light the traffic lights that PC1 and PC5 control, be walkway red light and driveway green light, then return to judgement and interrupt the value of variable Buffer_Array, this flow process is carried out in circulation, the value of interrupting variable Buffer_Array in formula provides in step e,
The e.USART interrupt function, use the USART serial communication mouth of single-chip microcomputer, receive the data that spread out of from computing machine, whether single-chip microcomputer automatic decision computing machine outgoi8ng data, outgoi8ng data, deposit at once the UDR register in, then the value of UDR register is given and interrupt variable Buffer_Array variable, judge whether outgoi8ng data of computing machine, single-chip microcomputer judgement outgoi8ng data, return to step e, there is no outgoi8ng data, return to steps d;
The f.INT1 interrupt function, triggering realizes by pressing the button that connects single-chip microcomputer, be indicated as pedestrian's state, if trigger, jump out principal function, entering interrupt function carries out, by the low and high level of PC mouth is set, determine the light on and off of lamp, judge the now value of variable i, if the value of i is 0, S2 gets the hang of, the walkway red light goes out at once, the driveway green light goes out, the walkway green light is bright, the driveway when red, time delay 30s, then the driveway amber light is bright, the walkway when red, time delay 5s, then the driveway green light is bright, the walkway when red, exit interrupt function, if the value of i is not 0, S1 gets the hang of, the driveway green light is bright, the walkway red light goes out, time delay 20s, then the driveway amber light is bright, the walkway when red, then the walkway green light is bright for time delay 5s, the driveway when red, time delay 30s, then the driveway amber light is bright, the walkway when red, time delay 5s, then the driveway green light is bright, the walkway when red, exit interrupt function, return to steps d.
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Application publication date: 20140101 |