CN103543342A - Method and system for testing shielding performance of cable - Google Patents
Method and system for testing shielding performance of cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN103543342A CN103543342A CN201210235965.XA CN201210235965A CN103543342A CN 103543342 A CN103543342 A CN 103543342A CN 201210235965 A CN201210235965 A CN 201210235965A CN 103543342 A CN103543342 A CN 103543342A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for testing the shielding performance of a cable. The method for testing the shielding performance of the cable includes the steps: removing an outer insulating layer of the cable and inputting alternating signals to the cable; measuring a first field intensity of the cable; removing a shielding layer of the cable and inputting alternating signals to the cable; measuring a second field intensity of the cable; comparing the first field intensity with the second field intensity and determining the shielding performance of the cable according to comparison results of the first field intensity and the second field intensity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of testing and test macro of the shielding properties for shielded cable, the shielding properties of cable under the frequency that can to test in scope be 10kHz～18GHz.
Technical field
Development along with electronic equipment high frequency, integrated, intelligent, microminiaturized, high power, and the development of 3G network, high speed processor, the interconnecting cable of equipment room is as effective electromagnetic interference emission antenna and receiving antenna, the electromagnetic radiation and the electromagnetic coupled that have unavoidably caused electronic equipment, caused a large amount of electromagnetic interference problems.In order to solve electromagnetic radiation and the coupling of cable, a large amount of shielded cables is for the shielding of signal.
Sign for shielded cable shielding properties, there are at present following two kinds of characteristic manner, by transfer impedance, indirectly characterize a shielding properties, the less shielding properties of transfer impedance is better, and transfer impedance is defined as the open-circuit voltage of unit length screen layer and heart yearn and the ratio of the screen layer electric current of flowing through; Another kind is direct characteristic manner, i.e. shielding properties, when shielding properties is defined as cable and has or not screen layer can radiation or field intensity or the power ratio of reception.
The measurement of transfer impedance is the measurement based on circuit mainly, mainly contain at present following three kinds of modes, three coaxial methods, Line Injection, absorbing clamp method, its main thought is to build two measuring circuits, inner looping and external loop, in measuring, the electrical parameter values of external loop, thereby obtain open-circuit voltage and the screen layer electric current of heart yearn and screen layer, by calculating transfer impedance.Owing to being principle based on circuit, its survey frequency scope can only be in hundreds of MHz.Three coaxial methods of take are below described the measurement mechanism of transfer impedance as example, and three coaxial method frequency ranges are 10kHz～100MHz.Test unit has three coaxial configurations, and as shown in Figure 1, tested shielded cable forms the inner wire of the outer coaxial system of feed, is again the outer conductor of interior coaxial system simultaneously.Its main measuring process is with the heart yearn of axis body and the screen layer of outer same axis body, to inject alternating signal U outside
1, by U
1and R
1try to achieve the electric current I of outer same axis body heart yearn (interior with axis body screen layer)
1, then measure the interior voltage U with axis body screen layer heart yearn and interior same axis body heart yearn
2, effective measurement length that l is cable,
be the transfer impedance of this screen layer.
The measurement of shielding properties is mainly the measuring principle based on field, mainly contain at present Reverberation room method, reverberation chamber ShiIEC specified standard testing laboratory, is mainly used in electronic product electromagnetic sensitivity measurement, EM sensitivity measurement, and in fact reverberation chamber is exactly the shielded cubicle that worked in mould state that stirrer is housed.By rotating mixer, change the boundary condition of field, thereby change the energy distribution of each pattern, at the whole test zone of reverberation chamber, form the field distribution of statistics homogeneous isotropism.The measurement of Reverberation room method is arranged as shown in Figure 2, its measuring principle is that signal source is exported by emitting antenna, stirrer stirs, by interference receiver, distinguish the performance number of witness mark antenna and the reception of tested cable, the ratio of two performance numbers is its shielding properties, the field intensity value that can receive while characterizing unshielded layer by reference to antenna.The low-limit frequency of reverberation chamber test is subject to the impact of reverberation chamber physical dimension, and reverberation chamber is larger, and lowest operating frequency can be lower, and the lowest operating frequency that is 17 cubic metres of reverberation chambers as volume is 300MHz, and the lowest operating frequency of 1360 cubic metres is 30MHz.
Table 1 is the comparison list of four kinds of common method of testings, and as seen from the table, 4 kinds of above-mentioned method of testings are because the impact of tested person frock, testing tool, test site all cannot meet the shielding properties of measurement shielded cable from low frequency to high frequency.
The comparison of table 1 method of testing
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of testing and test macro of shielding properties of cable, thereby overcome the problems referred to above of the prior art.
According to the present invention, a kind of method of testing of shielding properties of cable comprises: remove the external insulation layer of cable, to described cable input alternating signal; The field intensity of measuring described cable is the first field intensity; Remove the screen layer of described cable, to described cable, input described alternating signal; The field intensity of measuring described cable is the second field intensity; More described the first field intensity and described the second field intensity, determine the shielding properties of described cable according to the comparative result of described the first field intensity and described the second field intensity.
According to the present invention, a kind of test macro of shielding properties of cable is also provided, comprising: test desk; Grounding plate, is placed on described test desk; Two shielding case bodies, are placed on described grounding plate, and tested cable is connected between described two shielding case bodies; Signal source, for inputting alternating signal to described tested cable; Antenna, for receiving the radiation signal of described tested cable; Signal analysis device, analyzes for the described radiation signal to described antenna reception, obtains the field intensity of described tested cable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of three coaxial method test macros in prior art.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of Reverberation room method test macro.
Fig. 3 is coaxial cable structure figure.
Fig. 4 is according to the schematic diagram of the test macro of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Definition according to method of testing of the present invention and test macro from shielding properties, can measure the shielding properties of cable under the wideband of 10kHz～18GHz.Shielding properties is defined as: under same test environment conditions, when shielding properties has or not screen layer by cable field intensity or the power ratio of energy radiation or reception.Receive is that cable is placed in to high power field intensity environment, by measuring the field intensity value that can receive when cable has or not screen layer.And Reverberation room method is exactly the principle receiving based on field intensity, but owing to being subject to the impact of reverberation chamber physical dimension, its low-limit frequency is restricted.Transmitting is based on cable core and injects alternating signal, when measurement cable has or not screen layer, and the ratio of the field intensity value of receiving antenna, the ratio of twice field intensity value is shielding properties.The present invention is the mechanism based on transmitting just, has built the method for testing of shielded cable shielding properties.
The standard codes such as GJB151A, GB9254, IEC the measuring method of electronic product field intensity radiation-emitting, stipulated that measurement place is semi-anechoic chamber, semi-anechoic chamber is on the basis of electromagnetic shielding chamber, on inwall four walls and top board, dress pastes electromagnetic wave absorbent material, and ground is desirable reflecting surface.Thereby the test condition of simulation open area test site, owing to there is absorbing material, electromagnetic wave does not reflect, and screened room has been isolated external Electromagnetic Interference simultaneously.Semi-anechoic chamber is as the test place of standard, the test of widespread use electronic equipment, and its field strength measurement frequency can be 10kHz～18GHz.
The present invention can implement under this semi-anechoic chamber environment.The present invention is used for measuring concentric cable.The structural drawing of concentric cable as shown in Figure 3.Concentric cable comprises heart yearn, inner insulating layer, screen layer and external insulation layer from inside to outside successively.
Fig. 4 illustrates according to the schematic diagram of the test macro of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, this test macro comprises test desk, grounding plate, shielding case body, antenna, signal source and signal analysis device, such as frequency spectrograph etc.Test desktop terrain clearance is 80～90cm, is covered with grounding plate on test desk, and shielding case body is fixed on metal ground plate, and is connected with metal ground plate conduction, and the distance of two shielding case bodies is 1m.The distance of tested cable and reference antenna is 1 meter, and exposed tested cable length outside shielding case body is 1 meter.In shielding case body, be filled with copper sand, the diameter of copper sand is 1mm～2mm.Spike antenna reference point terrain clearance is contour with test desktop, and other antenna terrain clearances are 120 centimetres.
In order to make to measure the field intensity value that field intensity value only radiates for tested cable, eliminate the field intensity radiation of other relief cables, built the mode of two shielding case bodies and specified signal input, output cable.In this system, tested cable core is connected between two shielding case bodies, with grounding plate distance be in height 10cm.Particularly, one end of tested cable core is connected to signal input cable in the first shielding case body, and the other end of tested cable for example, is connected with 50 ohm of matched loads (50 Ohmage heart yearns) in secondary shielding casing.One end of 50 Ohmage heart yearns is connected with tested cable, and the other end is connected with secondary shielding casing.In shielding case body, pour into the conducting metal particles that diameter is about 1mm～2mm, as copper particle, silver-colored particle.In a preferred embodiment, in shielding case body, fill conducting metal particles, on the one hand for shield gasket cable junction, (the junction of tested cable core and coaxial signal input cable, and the junction of tested cable core and coaxial load), reduce the electromagnetic leakage of casing; On the other hand, fill conducting metal particles cable shield can be connected with metal ground plate 360 degree conductions, reduce the impact that imperfect earth is brought.
This system also comprises signal input cable and signal output cable.Signal input cable and signal output cable adopt coaxial shielded cable to add the shielding mode of metal tube, eliminate the electromagnetic radiation of input, output cable.Signal input concentric cable one end is connected with signal source, and the other end is connected with shielded box through metal tube, and this metal tube passes through screw thread or the form of welding and the housing of shielding case body and semi-anechoic chamber conduction and is connected.Signal output cable one end is connected with antenna, and the other end is connected with frequency spectrograph through metal tube, and this metal tube passes through screw thread or the form of welding and the housing of semi-anechoic chamber conduction and is connected.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the method that adopts above-mentioned test macro to test the shielding properties of concentric cable is as follows, wherein uses for example RG5U coaxial wire, and its structure as shown in Figure 3.The method specifically can comprise the following steps:
Remove the external insulation layer of cable, to described cable input alternating signal;
The field intensity of measuring described cable is the first field intensity;
Remove the screen layer of described cable, to described cable, input described alternating signal;
The field intensity of measuring described cable is the second field intensity;
More described the first field intensity and described the second field intensity, determine the shielding properties of described cable according to the comparative result of described the first field intensity and described the second field intensity.
Wherein, the cable only removing after the external insulation layer of cable is called test cable, and removes external insulation layer and screen layer only stays the cable of heart yearn and inner insulating layer to be called contrast cable.
In this embodiment, the making of contrast cable can divest the external insulation layer of concentric cable and screen layer only to stay heart yearn and inner insulating layer, intercepts the length of approximately 1.3 meters.The making of test cable can intercept the length of approximately 1.3 meters of concentric cable, divests respectively the external insulation layer at approximately 15 centimetres, two ends, exposes screen layer, retains the complete cable of 1 meter long.
Before test, one end of the heart yearn of contrast cable is welded with the heart yearn of the coaxial input cable of signal in the first shielding case body, and do insulation processing, the other end welds with the heart yearn of 50 ohm in secondary shielding casing, and two welds are carried out insulation processing.Two shielding case bodies are filled to copper sand, and metal cover board is installed, carry out shield gasket.Distance between two shielding case bodies can be 1 meter, and heart yearn can be 10 centimetres from the height of grounding plate, and antenna reference point can be 1 meter from heart yearn distance.Regulate antenna terrain clearance (spike antenna reference point terrain clearance and test desk are contour, and other antenna terrain clearances are 120 centimetres).The input end connecting signal source of the coaxial input cable of signal, antenna is connected to frequency spectrograph by signal output cable, by Fig. 4, carries out test macro layout.
In test process, first select frequency, conditioning signal source output power, by antenna reception and observe the shown field intensity value of frequency spectrograph, until the field intensity value showing while being greater than noise of instrument 70dB, records frequency, the power of now signal source output, and the field intensity value E1 that shows of frequency spectrograph.(be greater than noise of instrument 70dB and guaranteed that the dynamic range of measuring shielding properties is at least 70dB).
Test cable is also arranged according to the method identical with contrast cable.Afterwards when this test cable of test, first frequency values and the performance number of the signal source output when with contrast wireline test of the output frequency of signal source and power adjustments is identical, by antenna reception and observe the shown field intensity value of frequency spectrograph, record the frequency of now signal source output, and the field intensity value E2 of frequency spectrograph demonstration.
The field intensity value E1 of contrast cable and the field intensity value E2 of test cable that test is obtained compare, and determine the shielding properties SE of cable, and shielding properties SE can determine according to following formula: SE=20Log (E1)-20Log (E2).
Table 2 illustrates the shielding properties of testing this concentric cable obtaining.
Visible, by method of testing of the present invention and test macro, can measure the test performance of coaxial cable under wide frequency ranges.
Frequency spectrograph in above-described embodiment can also replace with receiver.And when signal source output power is inadequate, signal source connects signal input cable after can input signal being amplified by power amplifier again.
Claims (11)
1. a method for the shielding properties of test cable, comprising:
Remove the external insulation layer of cable, to described cable input alternating signal;
The field intensity of measuring described cable is the first field intensity;
Remove the screen layer of described cable, to described cable, input described alternating signal;
The field intensity of measuring described cable is the second field intensity;
More described the first field intensity and described the second field intensity, determine the shielding properties of described cable according to the comparative result of described the first field intensity and described the second field intensity.
2. the method for the shielding properties of test cable as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the pass of described shielding properties and described the first field intensity and described the second field intensity is:
Shielding properties=20Log (described the first field intensity)-20Log (described the second field intensity)
3. the method for the shielding properties of test cable as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described alternating signal is wideband alternating signal.
4. the method for the shielding properties of test cable as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the frequency of described wideband alternating signal is 10kHz-18GHz.
5. the method for the shielding properties of the test cable as described in aforementioned any one claim, is characterized in that, described method is carried out in semi-anechoic chamber.
6. a system for the shielding properties of test cable, comprising:
Test desk;
Grounding plate, is placed on described test desk;
Two shielding case bodies, are placed on described grounding plate, and tested cable is connected between described two shielding case bodies;
Signal source, for inputting alternating signal to described tested cable;
Antenna, for receiving the radiation signal of described tested cable;
Signal analysis device, analyzes for the described radiation signal to described antenna reception, obtains the field intensity of described tested cable.
7. the system of the shielding properties of test cable as claimed in claim 6, further comprise signal input cable and signal output cable, one end of described signal input cable is electrically connected to described signal source, is electrically connected to one end of described tested cable in the shielding case body of the other end in described two shielding case bodies; One end of described signal output cable is electrically connected to described antenna, and the other end of described signal output cable is electrically connected to described signal analysis device.
8. the system of the shielding properties of test cable as claimed in claim 7, further comprises resistance, and this resistance is arranged in another shielding case body of described two shielding case bodies, is electrically connected to the other end of described tested cable.
9. the system of the shielding properties of test cable as claimed in claim 8, further comprises the metal tube being enclosed within on described signal input cable and is enclosed within the metal tube on described signal output cable.
10. the system of the shielding properties of test cable as claimed in claim 6, fills conducting metal particles in wherein said two shielding case bodies.
The system of the shielding properties of 11. test cables as claimed in claim 10, the diameter of wherein said conducting metal particles is 1mm～2mm.
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| CN104391199A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-04 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Method for testing shielding effectiveness of cable shielding layer |
| CN104407248A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 | Reverberation room platform based method for testing electromagnetic environment effects of electronic system |
| CN105445672A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-03-30 | 芜湖赛宝信息产业技术研究院有限公司 | New energy automobile power battery electromagnetic compatibility detection method |
| CN105467235A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-04-06 | 西南交通大学 | Method and device used for testing interference of electromagnetic radiation on cable |
| CN105812071A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Wireless signal penetration test system, penetration test device therefor and wireless signal penetration test method |
| CN106793446A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 西北核技术研究所 | A kind of electromagnetic shielding and long distance driver system for impulse radiation environment |
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| CN112763811A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-05-07 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Detection system and fitting method for response values of antenna port and cable port of equipment |
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