CN103659467B - The scaling method of the axial pretravel of touch trigger probe - Google Patents

The scaling method of the axial pretravel of touch trigger probe Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103659467B
CN103659467B CN201310576660.XA CN201310576660A CN103659467B CN 103659467 B CN103659467 B CN 103659467B CN 201310576660 A CN201310576660 A CN 201310576660A CN 103659467 B CN103659467 B CN 103659467B
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standard ball
probe
pretravel
touch trigger
axis
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CN201310576660.XA
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CN103659467A (en
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高峰
赵柏涵
李艳
全杜峰
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Xian University of Technology
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Xian University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work

Abstract

The scaling method of the axial pretravel of touch trigger probe, adopt standard ball as demarcation apparatus, touch several measuring points surveyed and standard ball sphere is evenly distributed, least square method is adopted to carry out sphere surface fitting to measuring point data, calculate the measurement radius of standard ball, draw the axial pretravel of touch trigger probe by the measurement radius of standard ball and the difference of standard ball nominal radius.The present invention is according to revising on-machine measurement result with calibration result, avoids in measuring process, due to measuring probe and the position of workpiece caused measure error different from the point position of digital control system record; Avoid in existing scaling method with the error that the mean value of pretravel in gauge head all directions replaces actual axial pretravel to produce, improve stated accuracy, and use commercial standard measurer-standard ball as demarcation apparatus, without the need to other equipment, use cost is low, easy and simple to handle.

Description

The scaling method of the axial pretravel of touch trigger probe
Technical field
The invention belongs to on-machine measurement method and technology field, be specifically related to the scaling method of the axial pretravel of a kind of on-machine measurement touch trigger probe.
Background technology
The motion control of on-machine measurement technical backstopping Digit Control Machine Tool and position detecting function, the Working position of workpiece is measured its geometric properties, relative position, can be used for the technical process such as real-time detection and line Quality Control of the automatic foundation of workpiece coordinate system or adjustment, Workpiece Machining Accuracy, is the effective way realizing manufacture course of products automation, intellectuality, high speed, high precision int.Owing to avoiding the carrying of workpiece between lathe and checkout equipment, this technology effective overcomes technological datum and not to overlap the foozle caused, and reduces unnecessary time and material consumption, alleviates labour intensity, improve productivity.
Touch trigger probe is the key composition of on-machine measurement system, see Fig. 1.During measurement, gauge head to workpiece motion s, after probe 1 touches workpiece, generates triggering signal under the drive of Digit Control Machine Tool, and digital control system response triggering signal, records the position of this measuring point under lathe coordinate system.So measure multiple measuring point by technological requirement, coordinate data is processed, generate examining report.Usually, the direction that three-dimensional triggering type gauge head can be triggered comprises any direction (radial direction) and+Z-direction (axis) in XY plane.
Touch trigger probe surveying work sequential as shown in Figure 2.T 1moment is the moment that measuring probe survey ball contacts with measured workpiece, T 2gauge head sends the moment of triggering signal, T 3for the digital control system response triggering signal moment; T 1to T 3in period, the relative shift of gauge head and measured workpiece is the pretravel of gauge head.Correlative study shows, because the point position of digital control system record and the actual contact position of probe and measured workpiece exist deviation (i.e. pretravel) and cause measure error, accounts for proportion in on-machine measurement global error up to more than 60%.Compensation reduces the effective means that gauge head pretravel affects certainty of measurement, and accurately carry out the demarcation of pretravel, is the prerequisite ensureing compensation precision.
By the impact of the architectural characteristic of gauge head trigger mechanism, trigger on direction in difference, the pretravel of gauge head is also inconsistent.Therefore should be concrete carry out along different directions is compensated accurately.The axial pretravel of gauge head has very big difference with the pretravel along other directions.As shown in Figure 3, along gauge head axially (Z-direction) measurement, be used for allowance and the cutting depth of determining workpiece, measurement result directly determines choosing and final machining accuracy of the Cutting Process parameter of workpiece.Therefore, before measuring must the axial pretravel of accurate calibration gauge head.
At present, for the axial pretravel of gauge head, the method that can realize definite value demarcation is little:
One is by independent calibration facility (calling independent method in the following text).Gauge head is arranged on possess motion control, contact condition monitoring, triggering signal identification and displacement measurement equipment on, the triggering measuring process of simulation touch trigger probe, demarcates its pretravel.
Consider that the pretravel of gauge head can be subject to the obvious impact of Test Cycle, demarcating should independent of machine tool running environment.And the actual measurement operating mode of the declared working condition of independent method and gauge head has bigger difference, pretravel when therefore its calibration result accurately can not reflect that gauge head is measured; In addition, when independent method sends the moment replacement actual measurement of triggering signal using gauge head, the moment of numerical control record position coordinate is as the accounting benchmark of pretravel, makes this method there is the errors of principles; 3rd, independent calibration facility cost is high, and complex operation, engineering adaptability is poor.
Two is operating radius methods.Consider that probe surveys the radius of a ball to the impact of measuring, usually need to carry out radius compensation when carrying out data processing.Because gauge head exists pretravel, it is inaccurate for compensating with probe survey ball nominal radius during actual measurement.Standard ball sphere touches and surveys several measuring points, calculate the measurement radius of standard ball, the difference of itself and standard ball nominal radius is the probe comprising gauge head pretravel and surveys ball operating radius, compensates, can reduce the impact of pretravel on measurement result to a certain extent with this.Operating radius method replaces actual pretravel with the average eguivalent value of pretravel in all directions, homogenizing error.But touch trigger probe pretravel is in all directions not identical, even has bigger difference, this thought compensated with mean error, and be not suitable for the occasion measured vertically, be difficult to effectively improve certainty of measurement.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the scaling method of the axial pretravel of a kind of touch trigger probe, solve the problem that the stated accuracy of prior art existence is low.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, the scaling method of the axial pretravel of touch trigger probe, adopt standard ball as demarcation apparatus, cut on circle in standard ball and touch survey circumferentially several points equally distributed, and by least square method, fitting operation is justified to each measuring point coordinate value, obtain tested section of radius of a circle and central coordinate of circle; Then the distance between tested section of circle and ball top is measured; Finally, the radius of a ball surveyed by combined standard ball nominal radius and probe, calculates the axial pretravel of touch trigger probe.
Feature of the present invention is also, specifically comprises the following steps:
The first step: standard ball be adsorbed on numerically controlled machine, ensures the tactile survey standard ball that touch trigger probe can be accurate, safe in its stroke range;
Second step: regulate Digit Control Machine Tool in the position of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction, carries out trying touching survey touch trigger probe probe positioning at standard ball circumference place, Z axis coordinate Z when record triggers 1;
3rd step: under the drive of Digit Control Machine Tool, by X-axis, Y-axis moving interpolation, to be measured section of circle of standard ball touches and surveys several points equally distributed, record the position coordinates (X of each measuring point i, Y i);
4th step: adopt least square method, the Fitting Calculation is justified to a series of coordinate values that the 3rd step obtains, obtains standard ball tested section of radius of a circle r and central coordinate of circle (X 0, Y 0);
5th step: moved up along Z axis by touch trigger probe, makes touch trigger probe probe higher than standard ball;
6th step: under the drive of Digit Control Machine Tool, by X-axis, Y-axis moving interpolation, by the tested section round circle centre position (X of touch trigger probe probe positioning in standard ball 0, Y 0);
7th step: touch trigger probe is moved downward to touch along Z axis and surveys standard ball summit, Z axis coordinate Z when record triggers 2;
8th step: the Z axis coordinate Z obtained according to second step 1, the Z axis coordinate Z that obtains of the radius r that obtains of the 4th step and the 7th step 2, obtain the axial pretravel τ of touch trigger probe,
τ = ( R + b ) - ( R + b ) 2 - r 2 - ( Z 2 - Z 1 )
In formula, R is standard ball nominal radius; B is that the radius of a ball surveyed by probe.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention by touching several measuring points surveyed and be evenly distributed on standard ball sphere, least square method is adopted to carry out sphere surface fitting to measuring point data, calculate the measurement radius of standard ball, the difference of itself and standard ball nominal radius is the probe comprising gauge head pretravel and surveys ball operating radius, compensate with this, reduce the impact of pretravel on measurement result to a certain extent, stated accuracy is high.
2, the present invention is according to revising on-machine measurement result with calibration result, avoids in measuring process, due to measuring probe and the position of workpiece caused measure error different from the point position of digital control system record; To avoid in existing scaling method with the error that the mean value of pretravel in gauge head all directions replaces actual axial pretravel to produce, improve stated accuracy.
3, the inventive method uses commercial standard measurer-standard ball as demarcation apparatus, and without the need to other equipment, use cost is low, easy and simple to handle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is touch trigger probe basic structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that touch trigger probe touches survey working timing figure;
Fig. 3 is the structure of numerically controlled machine-tool schematic diagram being provided with touch trigger probe;
Fig. 4 is the calibration principle schematic diagram of the axial pretravel scaling method of touch trigger probe of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is touch trigger probe of the present invention axial pretravel scaling method caliberating device schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the side view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the demarcation schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2, wherein, chain line represent gauge head measure cut circle and path, dotted line represent measure cut circle after, touch survey position, ball top time gauge head path.
In accompanying drawing, 1. probe; 2. touch trigger probe; 3. standard ball; 4. numerically controlled machine; 5. extension bar; 6. magnetic stand; 7. holding screw.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The axial pretravel scaling method of touch trigger probe, adopts standard ball as demarcation apparatus, see Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.Its principle is, standard ball is cut arbitrarily circle and is determined by this section of radius of circle r with the distance L on ball top.Cut on circle in standard ball and touch survey circumferentially several points equally distributed, and by least square method, fitting operation is justified to each measuring point coordinate value, obtain tested section of radius of a circle and central coordinate of circle; Then the distance l=Z between tested section of circle and ball top is measured 2-Z 1; Finally, comprehensive measuring probe radius is on the impact of measurement result, and the axial pretravel of touch trigger probe is:
τ = ( R + b ) - ( R + b ) 2 - r 2 - ( Z 2 - Z 1 )
In formula, R is standard ball nominal radius; R is tested section of radius of a circle; B is that measuring probe surveys the radius of a ball; Z 2for the Z axis position coordinates of ball top measuring point; Z 1for the Z axis position coordinates of tested section of circle.
Fig. 2 is that touch trigger probe touches survey working timing figure;
Fig. 4 is the calibration principle schematic diagram of the axial pretravel scaling method of touch trigger probe of the present invention;
The concrete steps of above-mentioned scaling method are:
The first step: standard ball be adsorbed on numerically controlled machine, ensures the tactile survey standard ball that touch trigger probe can be accurate, safe in its stroke range;
Second step: regulate touch trigger probe in the position of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction under manual mode, carries out trying touching survey touch trigger probe probe positioning at standard ball circumference place, Z axis coordinate Z when record triggers 1;
3rd step: under the drive of Digit Control Machine Tool, by X-axis, Y-axis moving interpolation, to be measured section of circle of standard ball touches and surveys several points equally distributed, record the position coordinates (X of each measuring point i, Y i);
4th step: adopt least square method, the Fitting Calculation is carried out to a series of coordinate values that the 3rd step obtains, obtains standard ball tested section of radius of a circle r and central coordinate of circle (X 0, Y 0);
5th step: under manual mode, moved up by touch trigger probe along Z axis, makes touch trigger probe probe higher than standard ball;
6th step: under the drive of Digit Control Machine Tool, by X-axis, Y-axis moving interpolation, by the tested section round circle centre position (X of touch trigger probe probe positioning in standard ball 0, Y 0);
7th step: touch trigger probe is moved downward to touch along Z axis and surveys standard ball summit, Z axis coordinate Z when record triggers 2;
8th step: the Z axis coordinate Z obtained according to second step 1, the Z axis coordinate Z that obtains of the radius r that obtains of the 4th step and the 7th step 2, obtain the axial pretravel τ of touch trigger probe,
τ = ( R + b ) - ( R + b ) 2 - r 2 - ( Z 2 - Z 1 )
In formula, R is standard ball nominal radius; B is that the radius of a ball surveyed by probe.
Demarcate complete, take off caliberating device.
The axial pretravel caliberating device of the present invention's touch trigger probe used, see Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, comprises touch trigger probe 2, standard ball 3, extension bar 5, magnetic stand 6 and holding screw 7; Touch trigger probe 2 end is provided with probe 1; Extension bar 5 top is fluted, fixing for standard ball 3, and the other end has kidney slot, for coordinating with holding screw 7, and the length of adjustment extension bar.
During use, first standard ball is arranged in the groove on extension bar 5 top, and ensures to connect reliably; Unclamp holding screw 7, according to the Installation posture of gauge head to be calibrated, the angle of adjustment extension bar 5 and length, rear locking holding screw 7 in place; The correct position finally whole device being adsorbed on numerically controlled machine 4 can start to demarcate.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment demarcates the axial pretravel of Hai Kesikang 40.01-TX/RX type touch trigger probe.Being arranged on the Digit Control Machine Tool shown in Fig. 3, belonging to vertical installation, is axially the Z-direction of Digit Control Machine Tool.
One, standard ball and measuring probe surface wipes is clean, caliberating device is adsorbed on the correct position of numerically controlled machine 4, ensures that it is in the impulse stroke of all directions of touch trigger probe 2;
Two, complete tactile survey standard ball being cut to circle according to step 2, three, and record each point position coordinate;
Three, apply least square method, calculate tested section of radius of a circle and home position coordinate thereof;
Four, according to step 5, six, seven, under the control of NC program, to measuring the distance of cutting circle and standard ball tip circle;
Five, experimental result contrast
The calibration result of scaling method of the present invention is adopted to see the following form 1 with adopting the calibration result of operating radius method,
The axial pretravel of table 1 different calibration
As can be seen from the Comparative result of table 1, under identical triggering speed, the pretravel adopting operating radius method to obtain is greater than the pretravel that scaling method of the present invention obtains.By gauge head trigger mechanism structure influence, when triggering along gauge head radial direction, its pretravel is greater than pretravel when triggering vertically.Operating radius method adopts the thought of homogenizing error, makes to demarcate the impact that the axial pretravel of gained is subject to pretravel on other directions, and the result obtained not is actual value.Experiment shows, in this, as the compensation basis measured, accurately can not improve certainty of measurement.According to the result in pertinent literature, when adopting autonomous device method to demarcate the gauge head of type identical with this example, axial pretravel is at about 0.002mm, result is obtained much smaller than this method, this is because autonomous device method makes the demarcation of gauge head independent of its Test Cycle, and the moment of its numerical control record position coordinate when replacing actual measurement using the moment that gauge head sends triggering signal is as the accounting benchmark of pretravel, make calibration result can not reflect the truth of gauge head pretravel when measuring, and the scene being not suitable for touch trigger probe pretravel compensate.
Embodiment 2
See Fig. 7, the horizontal installation of gauge head is axially Digit Control Machine Tool X to.
One, standard ball and measuring probe surface wipes is clean, caliberating device is adsorbed on the correct position of numerically controlled machine, ensures its each in impulse stroke at touch trigger probe 2;
Two, regulate each shaft position under manual mode, touch trigger probe probe is surveyed ball and be positioned at standard ball circumference place and carry out trying to touch surveying, X-axis coordinate X when record triggers 1(in Fig. 7 position shown in chain line);
Three, under the drive of Digit Control Machine Tool, by Z, Y-axis moving interpolation, to be measured section of circle touches and surveys several points equally distributed, record the position coordinates (Z of each measuring point i, Y i);
Four: adopt least square method, the Fitting Calculation is carried out to a series of coordinate values that second step obtains, obtains tested section of radius of a circle r and central coordinate of circle (Z 0, Y 0);
5th step: under manual mode, regulates each axle, makes measuring probe in the X direction away from standard ball;
6th step: under the drive of Digit Control Machine Tool, by Z, Y-axis moving interpolation, is positioned at tested section of round circle centre position (Z by gauge head 0, Y 0);
7th step: X-axis carries out touching survey standard ball summit, the coordinate X of X-axis when record gauge head triggers 2.
8th step: data processing: the tested section of round X obtained according to second step is to coordinate X 1, the X on ball top that obtains of tested section of radius of circle r obtaining of the 3rd step and the 7th step is to coordinate X 2, the axial pretravel of gauge head is calculated according to the axial pretravel computing formula of the touch trigger probe given by the inventive method;
Demarcate complete, take off demarcation apparatus, axial for the gauge head calculating gained pretravel is filled in in on-machine measurement data processing software compensation meter.

Claims (1)

1. the scaling method of the axial pretravel of touch trigger probe, it is characterized in that, adopt standard ball as demarcation apparatus, cut on circle in standard ball and touch survey circumferentially several points equally distributed, and by least square method, fitting operation is justified to each measuring point coordinate value, obtain tested section of radius of a circle and central coordinate of circle; Then the distance between tested section of circle and ball top is measured; Finally, the radius of a ball surveyed by combined standard ball nominal radius and probe, calculates the axial pretravel of touch trigger probe, specifically comprises the following steps:
The first step: standard ball be adsorbed on numerically controlled machine, ensures the tactile survey standard ball that touch trigger probe can be accurate, safe in its stroke range;
Second step: regulate touch trigger probe in the position of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction, carries out trying touching survey touch trigger probe probe positioning at standard ball circumference place, Z axis coordinate Z when record triggers 1;
3rd step: under the drive of Digit Control Machine Tool, by X-axis, Y-axis moving interpolation, to be measured section of circle of standard ball touches and surveys several points equally distributed, record the position coordinates (X of each measuring point i, Y i);
4th step: adopt least square method, the Fitting Calculation is carried out to a series of coordinate values that the 3rd step obtains, obtains standard ball tested section of radius of a circle r and central coordinate of circle (X 0, Y 0);
5th step: moved up along Z axis by touch trigger probe, makes touch trigger probe probe higher than standard ball;
6th step: under the drive of Digit Control Machine Tool, by X-axis, Y-axis moving interpolation, by the tested section round circle centre position (X of touch trigger probe probe positioning in standard ball 0, Y 0);
7th step: touch trigger probe is moved downward to touch along Z axis and surveys standard ball summit, Z axis coordinate Z when record triggers 2;
8th step: the Z axis coordinate Z obtained according to second step 1, the Z axis coordinate Z that obtains of the radius r that obtains of the 4th step and the 7th step 2, obtain the axial pretravel τ of touch trigger probe,
τ = ( R + b ) - ( R + b ) 2 - r 2 - ( Z 2 - Z 1 )
In formula, R is standard ball nominal radius; B is that the radius of a ball surveyed by probe.
CN201310576660.XA 2013-11-15 2013-11-15 The scaling method of the axial pretravel of touch trigger probe Expired - Fee Related CN103659467B (en)

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CN107414602B (en) * 2017-02-09 2023-05-26 河北工业大学 Calibration device and calibration method for trigger type measurement system of vertical machining center
CN107900781B (en) * 2017-12-25 2023-09-22 河北工业大学 Calibration device and calibration method for contact type online detection system of lathe
CN108253915B (en) * 2018-01-18 2023-11-07 北方民族大学 Calibration method
CN110926396A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-03-27 中国计量科学研究院 Calibration method and calibration device for machine tool measuring head or coordinate machine measuring head
CN111397555A (en) * 2020-04-14 2020-07-10 中国计量科学研究院 Parameter error measuring method and system of trigger type measuring head
CN112504209B (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-10-08 大连理工大学 High-precision cutter wear 2D online detection method
CN112846936A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 广州铁路职业技术学院（广州铁路机械学校） Method for calibrating accuracy of trigger type measuring head in on-machine detection
CN114877840B (en) * 2022-06-06 2023-07-14 武汉理工大学 Electric triggering type soft measuring head calibration device and calibration method

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