CN103948390A - Respiration obstruction part detecting instrument - Google Patents
Respiration obstruction part detecting instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN103948390A CN103948390A CN201410203931.1A CN201410203931A CN103948390A CN 103948390 A CN103948390 A CN 103948390A CN 201410203931 A CN201410203931 A CN 201410203931A CN 103948390 A CN103948390 A CN 103948390A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a respiration obstruction part detecting instrument. The respiration obstruction part detecting instrument is mainly technically characterized in that three connecting interfaces are arranged on a casing and connected with a breast electrode, a nose-neck rear electrode and a throat electrode through lead wires; a detecting circuit comprises a central processor module, a stimulation electrode module, a human body electrode, a preceding detecting circuit module, a digital processing module and an output module, the central processor module is sequentially connected with the stimulation electrode module, the human body electrode, the preceding detecting circuit module and the digital processing module, the output end of the digital processing module is connected with the central processor module, and the central processor module is connected with the output module so as to output a detecting result. Detection is carried out through the breast electrode, the nose-neck rear electrode and the throat electrode based by adopting the three channel impedance principles, the obstruction part of a patient can be judged, the respiration obstruction lesion part can be determined, and the targeted treatment of a doctor can be assisted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of medical instruments, especially a kind of respiratory obstruction location detection instrument.
Background technology
Apnea syndrome is one of disease jeopardizing mankind's normal activities, conventionally betides in nighttime sleep process.Apnea syndrome patient's symptom is: sleepy, headache of daytime, snoring, hypertension and heart disease etc., serious even can cause sudden death, bring out the disease such as heart disease and hypertension, and cause melancholy, cerebral oxygen supply is not enough and make patient's dementia.
At present, the sleep apnea syndrome diagnostic criteria of approval refers to that adult has 30 asphyxia and each asphyxia time at least more than at least 10 seconds within the length of one's sleep of 7 hours or sleep apnea in the world.Low ventilation index refers to that in average sleep per hour, the number of times sum of asphyxia and low ventilation is greater than 5, asphyxia refers in sleep procedure that mouth and nose air-flow stops >=10 seconds, and low ventilation refers to that inspiratory flow intensity is subnormal and declines more than 4% more than 50% and with blood oxygen saturation.Sleep apnea syndrome has three types: a class is obstructive type asphyxia, and a class is maincenter type asphyxia, and also having a class is mixed type asphyxia.Obstructive type asphyxia refers to airway obstruction and firmly still existence of respiratory muscle; Maincenter type asphyxia refers to that respiratory air flow disappears, and respiratory movement also stops, and upper respiratory tract does not produce obstruction; If patient respiratory had both existed respiratory movement to stop in suspending, occur that again airway obstruction is diagnosed as mixed type asphyxia, this class asphyxia may be airway obstruction prior to the stopping of respiration force, and may be also after respiratory movement stops, then occurring blocking.
Apneic sickness rate it is generally acknowledged that male is greater than women, and old people and baby, more than the young and the middle aged, there will be sleep apnea in nearly 18%～41% the old people who is in a good state of health sleep.But, in recent years, along with the development of China's economic strength, young and middle-aged life, economy, mental pressure increases year by year, hypertonia can cause asphyxia equally, the most directly performance is exactly the number cumulative year after year of sleep snoring, and people also start to recognize gradually its hazardness, carry out specialty inspection but rare people enters hospital.Trace it to its cause, except people's self-protection consciousness is still thin, the expense of sleep breath monitoring is too high is also major reason.
Present breathing sleep monitor conventionally uses and leads sleep monitor instrument more, such instrument volume is large and can only judge apneic type, but can not determine the position of the focus of asphyxia initiation, simultaneously, can only be in the time detecting that asphyxia occurs, fast patient is carried out to CT scan again, or nuclear magnetic scanning.The shortcoming of the said equipment is: (1) the general time of asphyxia is shorter, generally once there is the persistent period within one minute, and detecting of monitoring of respiration equipment suspends the dismounting equipment that passes through again afterwards, conveying patient is scanned to CT or nuclear-magnetism chamber, this process has generally been missed this time asphyxia, and patient is easy to regain consciousness in this course and breathes and recover normal; (2) the not process of a moment of asphyxia, it is an incremental process, for the apnea patient of obstructive type, obstructive position is progressively closed, and CT or nuclear-magnetism, what provide is only the air flue situation in a certain moment, can not reflect dynamic closure; (3) CT damages human body, and nuclear-magnetism cannot portability, is therefore difficult to accomplish long-time Multiple-Scan, and scanning cost is very high; (4) adopt and lead sleep monitor instrument, CT or nuclear-magnetism more, all need professional person to operate respectively, and need to keep watch for a long time, caused human resources's waste, also strengthened the difficulty checking simultaneously.
In sum, prior art can only judge apneic type, or judges having or not of respiratory obstruction state, but can not effectively segment the position that focus occurs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of respiratory obstruction location detection instrument is provided, having solved existing equipment can not carry out definite problem to sleep apnea obstructive position.
The present invention solves existing technical problem and takes following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of respiratory obstruction location detection instrument, comprise casing and inner testing circuit thereof, in casing, be provided with three lead interface testing circuits and be connected, three interfaces that lead are connected with bottleneck throat electrode with chest electrode, nose-nape electrode by conducting wire respectively; Described testing circuit comprises CPU module, stimulation circuit module, body electrode, prime testing circuit module, digital signal processing module and output module, described CPU module is connected with stimulation circuit module, body electrode, prime testing circuit module, digital signal processing module successively, the outfan of this digital signal processing module is connected with CPU module, and this CPU module is connected testing result is exported with output module.
And, described stimulation circuit comprises sine-wave generator, square wave resonator, Voltage-current conversion module, branch switch module, sine-wave generator, Voltage-current conversion module, branch switch module are connected successively, described sine-wave generator is connected with Voltage-current conversion module and controls output constant current power supply on branch switch module, and described square wave resonator is connected with branch switch module and timesharing control constant-current source and each passage body electrode connection.
And described prime testing circuit module comprises the pre-amplifier, detecting circuit, low-frequency amplifier, low pass circuit, the output circuit that are connected successively.
And described pre-amplifier is adjustable amplifier, its amplification is 50～500, and stepping is 50, and stopband cut-off frequency is 100Hz; Described low-frequency amplifier is adjustable amplifier, and its amplification is 100～1000, and stepping is 100, and cut-off frequecy of passband is 50KHz.
And described output module comprises memory module, display screen and buzzer, carry out data storage by memory module, show Output rusults by display screen, send alarm sound by buzzer.
And described output module also comprises print module and USB module, this print module is connected with the printing interface in casing, and this USB module is connected with the USB interface in casing.
And every conducting wire comprises four wires, two wire connecting power electrodes, other two wires connect measurement electrode.
And described chest electrode, nose-nape electrode and bottleneck throat electrode are SMD electrode.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1, the present invention adopts triple channel impedance method principle and detects by chest electrode, nose-nape electrode and bottleneck throat electrode, not only can judge whether patient suffers from respiratory obstruction syndrome, can also judge patient's obstructive position simultaneously, determine the lesion locations of respiratory obstruction, help doctor to treat targetedly.
2, chest electrode of the present invention, nose-nape electrode, bottleneck throat electrode all adopt SMD electrode, have reduced existing breast abdominal part winding belt and have detected cause to patient painful and uncomfortable.
3, the present invention is reasonable in design, simple in structure, less to human injury, and success rate is higher.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is casing front panel schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is casing rear board schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is conducting wire structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the frame principle figure of testing circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the frame principle figure of stimulation circuit module, body electrode and prime testing circuit module;
Fig. 6 is the riding position schematic diagram of chest electrode of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the riding position schematic diagram of nose-nape electrode of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the riding position schematic diagram of bottleneck throat electrode of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the apneic signature waveform figure of obstructive type of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the apneic signature waveform figure of maincenter type of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the apneic signature waveform figure of mixed type of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is further described.
A kind of respiratory obstruction location detection instrument, comprises casing 1 and is arranged on the testing circuit in casing.As shown in Figure 1, on casing front panel, be provided with display screen 2, on and off switch 3, power supply indicator 4, buzzer 5, three interfaces 6,7,8 being connected with the testing circuit in casing of leading; As shown in Figure 2, on the rear board of casing, be provided with USB interface 9, printer interface 10 and supply hub 11 and be connected with the testing circuit in casing.Described supply hub is used for accessing external power source, described display lamp is used to indicate the duty of testing circuit, connect after conducting wire and just can carry out testing at three interfaces that lead, block while occurring when having detected, by the buzzer alarm of can sounding.
This respiratory obstruction location detection instrument adopts triple channel impedance method principle to detect, and by different parts is carried out to impedance detection, the abnormal too small position of Impedance Wave is obstructive position, thereby judges the diseased region of respiratory obstruction.Article three, passage respectively: chest impedance passage is in order to reflect chest respiratory movement and apneic having or not; Nose-nape passage blocks and obstruction location roughly with determining whether to exist in order to the moving situation that reflects nasopharynx part and oral cavity organization in upper respiratory tract; Bottleneck throat passage is in order to reflect whether bottleneck throat respiratory movement and bottleneck throat form the situation of obstruction.Comprehensive above-mentioned three's relation is finally made and is apneicly had or not with type and judge obstructive position on this basis.Triple channel is corresponding three groups of electrodes respectively: chest electrode, nose-nape electrode and bottleneck throat electrode, above-mentioned electrode all adopts SMD electrode.Article three, passage is connected with three groups of electrodes by conducting wire respectively, shown in the structure chart 3 of conducting wire, one end (A end) of every conducting wire is connected on the conducting wire interface in casing and with the testing circuit in casing and is connected, the other end (B end) of conducting wire connects measurement electrode, in every conducting wire, comprise four wires, wherein, two wires (shown in dotted line) connect power electrode, and another two (as shown by the solid line) connect measurement electrode.
As shown in Figure 4, testing circuit in casing comprises CPU module, stimulation circuit module, body electrode, prime testing circuit module, digital signal processing module and output module, described CPU module is connected with stimulation circuit module, body electrode, prime testing circuit module, digital signal processing module successively, the outfan of digital signal processing module is connected with CPU module, and CPU module is connected testing result is exported with output module.Body electrode comprises chest electrode, nose-nape electrode and bottleneck throat electrode.CPU module control stimulation circuit module is sent on the power electrode that power supply signal is sent to human body, signal is the direct current signal of intensity 0.1mA, after human body, output in prime testing circuit module by measurement electrode, by prime testing circuit, signal is amplified and Filtering Processing, then entering digital signal processing module carries out analogue signal digital signal conversion and is admitted to CPU module, CPU module carries out after analyzing and processing, export by output module, further diagnose for doctor.Output module comprises alarm module, memory module, display module, print module and USB module, alarm module is connected with the buzzer in casing, display module is connected with the display screen in casing, print module is connected with the printing interface in casing, and this USB module is connected with the USB interface in casing.
Described stimulation circuit module, body electrode and prime testing circuit are as shown in Figure 5, wherein, stimulation circuit comprises sine-wave generator, square wave resonator, Voltage-current conversion module, branch switch module, sine-wave generator, Voltage-current conversion module, branch switch module is connected successively, described sine-wave generator is connected with Voltage-current conversion module and controls output constant current power supply on branch switch module, described square wave resonator is connected with branch switch module, stimulation circuit module is used same constant-current source, connect by square wave resonator timesharing control constant-current source and each passage body electrode.Sine-wave generator, square wave resonator are all to work under the control of CPU module, in order to eliminate the electric retention effect of human body, CPU module is removed the interval that has inserted 10us between another channel electrode connection at a channel electrode.The constant-current source frequency of actual design is 125KHz, and the square wave frequency of controlling electrical switch is 8KHz.
Described prime testing circuit module comprises the pre-amplifier, detecting circuit, low-frequency amplifier, low pass circuit, the output circuit that are connected successively.The measuring-signal of body electrode's output carries out pre-amplifier, after the differential amplifier circuit of the high input impedance in pre-amplifier, carry out prime amplification, then signal enters detecting circuit through high frequency transformer, in the present embodiment, pre-amplifier is adjustable amplifier, its amplification is 50～500, and stepping is 50, carries out the high-pass filtering that stopband cut-off frequency is 100Hz.Detecting circuit is sent the slow wave signal after demodulation into low-frequency amplifier and is amplified, after low pass circuit Filtering Processing through output circuit output low frequency signal, in the present embodiment, low-frequency amplifier adopts adjustable amplifier, its amplification is 100～1000, stepping is 100, and the cut-off frequecy of passband of low-pass amplifier is 50KHz.
Described digital signal processing module is connected and composed by A/D module and digital filtering module, the analogue signal of prime testing circuit module output is that digital signal sends CPU module to after digital filtering module is processed through A/D module converts, has or not the function such as judgement, waveform demonstration by CPU module data acquisition, date processing, asphyxia.Analogue signal is sent to after A/D change-over circuit, carry out three-channel sampling in turn by CPU module control, sampled value is by CPU module calculation process, block the judgement that has or not generation and block type, when occur block time and alarm, meanwhile, result can be stored or shown or printed by printer by display screen by memorizer, or is transferred to other equipment by USB interface.
As shown in Figure 7, in actual somatometry, electrode setting position will be considered two requirements in the installation site of chest electrode: the one, and after electrode is fixing, can electrode not come off because of the body kinematics in experimenter's sleep procedure; The 2nd, must reflect fully the situation of change of impedance field, tested region, and reduce the impact of motion artifacts as far as possible.Consider above two factors, we do not adopt breast formula electrode to carry out impedance detection, but SMD electrode: the negative pole that in figure, 1. number electrode is stimulating electrode, the positive pole that 4. number electrode is stimulating electrode, 2. 3. number electrode is measurement electrode.Chest passage is according to the checking of the result of simulation experiment and actual measurement, and with power electrode, at a distance of 8～10crn, measurement electrode spacing 6～8cm is good, and suitably putting position is right chest the 5th, six intercostals.After switching on power, 1. and 4. between number electrode, can form an electric field, with 2. 3. number electrode be the potential difference between 3. 2. measurement electrode detect, can obtain the impedance situation in this region.
As shown in Figure 8, this electrode adopts with core circle electrode in the installation site of nose-nape electrode, and outer shroud is power electrode, and core electrode is measurement electrode.5. number electrode is that nose electrode is placed in nasal cavity one side, and 6. number electrode is that neck electrodes is placed in 3～5cm place, spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebrae top.
The installation site of bottleneck throat electrode as shown in Figure 9, the both sides that the measurement electrode of bottleneck throat and power electrode (7. number electrode, 8. number electrode, 9. number electrode and 10. number electrode) are arranged on respectively thyroid cartilage symmetry are at a distance of 3～4cm, and two power electrodes are at a distance of 5～6cm.In order to improve the sensitivity that bottleneck throat physiological phenomenon is detected, putting of electrode should be near the below of Adam's apple.
Arrange at the electrode of above-mentioned three sense channels, taken into full account the whether acceptable problem of experimenter.In fact to be no matter chest, nose or bottleneck throat have all farthest reduced experimenter's sense of discomfort, and can not have influence on experimenter's eupnea state.
Placing after electrode position, carrying out respiratory obstruction location detection, differentiating in the concrete use of asphyxia type, the present invention uses following table as distinguishing rule:
It should be noted that: (1) nose-cervical region and bottleneck throat have a place extremely to meet type identification principle.(2) when bottleneck throat is abnormal, present little resistance value, apnea ripple, but not lower than threshold value.(3) concrete obstructive type and mixed type are not distinguished herein, can know after specifically observing waveform.(4) herein " amplitude " refers to the difference of single cycle maximum and minima.
Fig. 9 is the apneic signature waveform of obstructive type.First, there is the motion feature blocking in tongue, blocks that potruncus passage only has blood flow waveform by a narrow margin and without the impedance fluctuations of ventilation volume.At glossopharyngeum position, during because of obstruction, the filling of air flue declines impedance, and no longer includes motion feature.This situation lasts till that obstruction stops, and impedance is risen suddenly.The wave character of this form can be used for having determined whether obstructive type asphyxia.
Figure 10 is the apneic signature waveform of maincenter type.Nose-nape passage is unobstructed, but respiration force stops, and is judged as central respiratory arrest.
Figure 11 is the asphyxia signature waveform of mixed type.In this signature waveform, the impedance waveform of chest passage is abnormal, but can have the variation of interval, when glossopharyngeum blocks, can find out nose---and after neck, passage and bottleneck throat passage are also simultaneously abnormal.
In above three kinds of situations, abnormal state continuance be about time of 10s, and after this because the air flue causing after tested anoxia is opened rapidly, a large amount of gas enters in body, thereby Impedance Wave signal is further occurred, and each passage start to recover normally.
It is emphasized that; embodiment of the present invention is illustrative; instead of determinate; therefore the present invention includes and be not limited to the embodiment described in detailed description of the invention; every other embodiments that drawn by those skilled in the art's technical scheme according to the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of the invention equally.
Claims (8)
1. a respiratory obstruction location detection instrument, comprise casing and inner testing circuit thereof, it is characterized in that: in casing, be provided with three lead interface testing circuits and be connected, three interfaces that lead are connected with bottleneck throat electrode with chest electrode, nose-nape electrode by conducting wire respectively; Described testing circuit comprises CPU module, stimulation circuit module, body electrode, prime testing circuit module, digital signal processing module and output module, described CPU module is connected with stimulation circuit module, body electrode, prime testing circuit module, digital signal processing module successively, the outfan of this digital signal processing module is connected with CPU module, and this CPU module is connected testing result is exported with output module.
2. a kind of respiratory obstruction location detection instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stimulation circuit comprises sine-wave generator, square wave resonator, Voltage-current conversion module, branch switch module, sine-wave generator, Voltage-current conversion module, branch switch module are connected successively, described sine-wave generator is connected with Voltage-current conversion module and controls output constant current power supply on branch switch module, and described square wave resonator is connected with branch switch module and timesharing control constant-current source and each passage body electrode connection.
3. a kind of respiratory obstruction location detection instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described prime testing circuit module comprises the pre-amplifier, detecting circuit, low-frequency amplifier, low pass circuit, the output circuit that are connected successively.
4. a kind of respiratory obstruction location detection instrument according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described pre-amplifier is adjustable amplifier, and its amplification is 50～500, and stepping is 50, and high pass stopband cut-off frequency is 100Hz; Described low-frequency amplifier is adjustable amplifier, and its amplification is 100～1000, and stepping is 100, and low pass cut-off frequecy of passband is 50KHz.
5. a kind of respiratory obstruction location detection instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described output module comprises memory module, display screen and buzzer, carry out data storage by memory module, show Output rusults by display screen, send alarm sound by buzzer.
6. a kind of respiratory obstruction location detection instrument according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described output module also comprises print module and USB module, this print module is connected with the printing interface in casing, and this USB module is connected with the USB interface in casing.
7. according to a kind of respiratory obstruction location detection instrument described in claim 1 to 6 any one, it is characterized in that: every conducting wire comprises four wires, two wire connecting power electrodes, other two wires connect measurement electrode.
8. according to a kind of respiratory obstruction location detection instrument described in claim 1 to 6 any one, it is characterized in that: described chest electrode, nose-nape electrode and bottleneck throat electrode are SMD electrode.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113288112A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-24 | 上海市肺科医院 | Disease examination and treatment device for department of respiration |
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Application publication date: 20140730 |