CN103969789A - Optical system for ultrahigh image quality rigid tube endoscope - Google Patents
Optical system for ultrahigh image quality rigid tube endoscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN103969789A CN103969789A CN201310027054.2A CN201310027054A CN103969789A CN 103969789 A CN103969789 A CN 103969789A CN 201310027054 A CN201310027054 A CN 201310027054A CN 103969789 A CN103969789 A CN 103969789A
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Abstract
The invention provides a 4-millimeter optical system for an ultrahigh image quality rigid tube endoscope. The optical system comprises an objective lens assembly and a relay system. The objective lens assembly comprises a front lens assembly and a rear lens assembly. The front lens assembly is composed of a first lens assembly body and a second lens assembly body, and the rear lens assembly is composed of a third lens assembly body and a fourth lens assembly body. An aperture diaphragm is located between the front lens assembly and the rear lens assembly. The relay system is composed of an image rotation lens with the ratio of the odd number to magnifying power being 1:1 and comprises three gluing-bar-like lenses, wherein the two gluing-bar-like lenses are identical, the distances between every two adjacent bar-like lenses are equal, and images formed by an objective lens are transmitted many times in a working lens tube, and finally seen by human eyes or received by a CCD detector through an eye lens. According to the system, the full view field angle is within 70 degrees, the maximum entrance pupil diameter is 0.3mm, the highest theoretical center resolution is 211 p/mm, the value of an MTF curve at the position of 1201 p/mm is larger than 0.3, and ultrahigh definition imaging can be achieved according to tests; stray light on the surfaces of the images can be avoided when the system is aligned to a light source, and the system is simple in structure, excellent in image quality and low in cost; an attached definition graph (1) is the graph of the optical system of the high-definition rigid endoscope, and the number one represents the objective lens assembly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical system of superelevation picture element rigid pipe endoscope, particularly a kind of ultrahigh resolution, can eliminate veiling glare, the endoscope optical system that simple in structure and picture element is good.
Background technology
Medical endoscope is the natural duct through human body, or mini-incision enters the apparatus of observing and treating in human body.It,, by utilizing many group relay lens group, is realized its object lens imaging is repeatedly transmitted in elongated lens barrel, finally arrives human eye or is received by ccd detector via eyepiece.
The theoretical center resolution computing formula of endoscope optical system is as follows:
In formula, the entrance pupil diameter that D is system, the mm of unit; λ is operation wavelength, the mm of unit; D is the optics operating distance of system.The endoscope theory of correspondences center resolution of different entrance pupil diameter, and the relation of the resolution of observation resolving power test target is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
From formula, the resolution of endoscope is directly proportional to the entrance pupil diameter of system, and general medical endoscope resolution, below 16.7lp/mm, goes for ultra high-definition picture element, i.e. higher resolution will expand the entrance pupil diameter of system; But due to the singularity of its environment for use, the bore of endoscope only has several millimeters, entrance pupil diameter is excessive will make the light can not normal propagation in the lens barrel of finite aperture, produces larger aberration and veiling glare, affects system imaging.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes in view of this situation of prior art just, and its object is to provide a kind of can obtain ultrahigh resolution, be convenient to that processing is debug, picture element is good and without the endoscope optical system of veiling glare.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides following scheme.
4 millimeters of endoscopes of a kind of superelevation picture element hard tube, its structure comprises objective lens and relay system, described objective lens, relay system are arranged in order from object side, eye lens or ccd detector after relay system.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, described objective lens is made up of front lens group and rear lens group: front lens group comprises the 1st lens combination and the 2nd lens combination; Rear lens group comprises the 3rd lens combination and the 4th lens combination; Aperture diaphragm is between the lens combination of front and back.
The 1st lens combination is a slice negative lens, and face type is platycelous, and object side is plane, realizes the present invention and have the object of 70 ° of larger visual fields; The 2nd lens are a slice negative meniscus; Aperture diaphragm is between the 2nd lens and the 3rd lens combination; The 3rd lens combination is the positive simple lens of a slice; The 4th lens combination is cemented doublet, is formed by a slice negative meniscus and a slice biconvex positive lens gummed.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, described relay system is made up of image rotation lenses group odd number, every pair of image rotation lenses group comprises two identical bar-shaped three balsaming lenss of structured material, its structure is a bar-shaped simple lens of longer biconvex, the thin meniscus shaped lens of a slice is respectively glued together at simple lens two ends, wherein bar-shaped simple lens structural symmetry, and two thin lens planforms and the material of gummed are identical, be the structure that above-mentioned bar-shaped three balsaming lenss are full symmetric, its Refractive Index of Material is all less than 1.8.Above-mentioned odd number is arranged in order after objective lens image rotation lenses group, and between each excellent mirror, distance equates.
Adopt embodiments of the invention, the light that object sends is through 1 handstand intermediary image of above-mentioned object lens composition, in the air of image planes between described objective lens and relay system; Intermediary image by image rotation repeatedly, has the intermediary image of equal and opposite in direction direction reversing in relay system in the air between every group of image rotation group, obtain upright intermediary image after relay system, is finally received by eyepiece or ccd detector.
In the above-described embodiments, the entrance pupil diameter of system is up to 0.3mm, and the theoretical center resolution calculating according to formula (1) reaches 20.92lp/mm, and model machine is surveyed the 3#10 group striped of distinguishable resolving power test target, true resolution is up to 21lp/mm, has realized ultra high-definition imaging.
In the above-described embodiments, between the 1st, 2 lens of described objective lens, have larger airspace, the lens thickness of the 2nd lens is thinner, and aperture diaphragm is positioned at after the 2nd lens, owing to having this kind of design feature, this objective lens can be eliminated the veiling glare that enters internal system completely.
In the above-described embodiments, the material structure of the rod-shaped lens of composition relay system is identical, and its Refractive Index of Material is all less than 1.8, effectively cuts down finished cost.
In the above-described embodiments, the mtf value that is finally imaged on each visual field, 120lp/mm place is all greater than 0.3, and each aberration is all well proofreaied and correct, picture element ideal.
Endoscope optical system of the present invention, formed by objective lens and relay system, can eliminate the interference of veiling glare completely, it is simple in structure, being convenient to processing debugs, field angle can obtain good picture element in 70 ° in the situation that, thereby forms ultrahigh resolution, without veiling glare, large visual field, the endoscope optical system that simple in structure, picture element is good.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction figure of the endoscope optical system of embodiments of the invention 1, and wherein 1 is objective lens;
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of the objective lens of presentation graphs 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of one group of relaying image rotation group of presentation graphs 1;
Fig. 4 is the aberration diagram of the endoscope of the embodiment of the present invention 1, spherical aberration when wherein (A) is D=0.30mm, the astigmatism while being (B) 2 ω=70 °, (C) distortion while being 2 ω=70 °, the 1st, d light, the 2nd, F light, the 3rd, C light, the 4th, meridian, the 5th, the sagitta of arc;
Fig. 5 is the one-piece construction figure of the endoscope optical system of embodiments of the invention 2, and wherein 1 is objective lens;
Fig. 6 is the structural drawing of the objective lens of presentation graphs 5;
Fig. 7 is the structural drawing of one group of relaying image rotation group of presentation graphs 5;
Fig. 8 is the aberration diagram of the endoscope of the embodiment of the present invention 2, spherical aberration when wherein (A) is D=0.30mm, the astigmatism while being (B) 2 ω=70 °, (C) distortion while being 2 ω=70 °, wherein 1 is d light, the 2nd, F light, the 3rd, C light, the 4th, meridian, the 5th, the sagitta of arc;
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 8 also in conjunction with the embodiments, further set forth the present invention below.
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction figure of embodiment, and as shown in Figure 1, all optical elements in objective of endoscope group and relay system all arrange in lens barrel successively along optical axis.
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of the objective lens of embodiment, is arranged on the cephalic par of endoscope, comprises front lens group G1 and rear lens group G2, is provided with aperture diaphragm S between the lens combination of front and back.
Front lens group G1 is made up of first lens group L1, the second lens combination L2, and first lens group L1 is negative lens, and its face type is platycelous, is plane towards object side; The second lens combination is the negative simple lens of L2 mono-, and face type is falcate; After the second lens combination L2, be aperture diaphragm S; Rear lens group G2 is made up of the 3rd lens combination L3 and the 4th lens combination L4.The 3rd lens combination L3 is a biconvex positive lens; The 4th lens combination L4 is a cemented doublet, is formed by a slice negative meniscus and a slice biconvex positive lens gummed.
Light is after by first lens group L1, and owing to having very large airspace between first lens group L1 and the second lens combination L2, the veiling glare that part incident angle is larger projects lens barrel inwall, is all absorbed by it; Remaining veiling glare is stopped by diaphragm S; Light by diaphragm S is all imaging light, and therefore veiling glare is all eliminated, and only has the picture point that light source is corresponding in image planes.
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of one group of relaying image rotation group of embodiment, after being arranged on objective lens, comprise the 5th lens combination L5 and the 6th lens combination L6, the intermediary image that the front end of the 5th lens combination L5 becomes for object lens, the rear end of the 6th lens combination L6 intermediary image that image rotation group becomes for this reason.
The 5th lens combination L5 is combined into by three lens glues, and lens 51 are a slice negative meniscus, and lens 52 are the biconvex rod-shaped lens of a symmetry, and lens 53 are identical with the structured material of lens 51.The 6th lens combination L6 is identical with the 5th lens combination L5.
As Fig. 1, relay system comprises the image rotation group shown in odd number group Fig. 3, and the distance between adjacent image rotation group equates.In relay system, the center at every group of image rotation group interval is intermediary image, the equal and opposite in direction of each adjacent intermediary image, opposite direction.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, the structural parameters of described endoscope are referring to table 2.
Table 2
In above-mentioned table 1, r represents each surperficial radius-of-curvature of lens combination, and unit is mm; D represents the face interval of each lens face of lens combination on optical axis, and unit is mm; Nd represents the refractive index of the relative d light of lens material (wavelength is 587.6nm); Vd represents the Abbe number of the relative d light of lens material.
As shown in Figure 5, the aberration diagram that Fig. 5 is the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (A) is spherical aberration, is (B) astigmatism, is (C) distortion; Aberration in each aberration diagram is taking d light as reference wavelength, and spherical aberration has represented the aberration of C light and F light, and D represents entrance pupil diameter, and 2 ω represent full field angle.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 5, in the present embodiment, the structural parameters of described endoscope are referring to table 3.
Table 3
In above-mentioned table 1, r represents each surperficial radius-of-curvature of lens combination, and unit is mm; D represents the face interval of each lens face of lens combination on optical axis, and unit is mm; Nd represents the refractive index of the relative d light of lens material (wavelength is 587.6nm); Vd represents the Abbe number of the relative d light of lens material.
As shown in Figure 5, the aberration diagram that Fig. 5 is the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (A) is spherical aberration, is (B) astigmatism, is (C) distortion; Aberration in each aberration diagram is taking d light as reference wavelength, and spherical aberration has represented the aberration of C light and F light, and D represents entrance pupil diameter, and 2 ω represent full field angle.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and instructions, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications; these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention, and the claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a superelevation picture element rigid pipe endoscope optical system, its field angle, in 70 °, comprises objective lens and relay system.
2. endoscope optical system as claimed in claim 1, its objective lens focal length meets 1mm < EFL < 2mm, and relay system magnification is 1: 1.
3. objective lens as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: comprise front lens group and rear lens group, front lens group comprises first lens group, the second lens combination; Rear lens group comprises the 3rd lens combination and the 4th lens combination; Aperture diaphragm is between the lens combination of front and back.First lens group is negative lens group, and face type is platycelous; The second lens combination negative lens group, face type is falcate; The 3rd lens combination is positive simple lens, and face type is biconvex; The 4th lens are one group of cemented doublets, are formed by a slice negative meniscus and a slice biconvex positive lens gummed.
4. objective lens as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: light consists of the intermediary image of a handstand object lens, intermediate image plane is arranged in the air after objective lens.
5. objective lens as claimed in claim 3, has larger airspace between its first lens group and the second lens combination, and the lens thickness of the second lens combination is less, adopts the endoscope lens of this kind of design feature can eliminate the veiling glare of the system of entering completely.
6. endoscope relay system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: by odd number, image rotation lenses is formed, every pair of image rotation lenses comprises two identical bar-shaped three balsaming lenss, three balsaming lenss are glued at the bar-shaped simple lens both ends of the surface of symmetrical biconvex by 2 identical meniscus shaped lenses and form, the spacing of adjacent two rod-shaped lens equates, the refractive index of rod mirror material is all less than 1.8, and cost is lower.
7. relay system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the intermediary image being become by objective lens transmits odd number via relay system, forms intermediary image, adjacent intermediary image equal and opposite in direction, opposite direction in the airspace between image rotation group; Intermediary image after relay system is upright.
8. endoscopic system as claimed in claim 2, its entrance pupil diameter maximum reaches 0.3mm, and the highest theoretical center resolution is about 21lp/mm, and actual measurement center resolution can reach theoretical value, can realize ultra high-definition imaging.
9. endoscopic system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the field angle of described endoscopic system is in 70 °, the mtf value at 120lp/mm place is greater than 0.3, distortion is less than 2% after Digital Image Processing, other each aberration all obtains good correction, particularly reduce filed curvature, expanded the depth of field.
10. the rigid pipe endoscope optical system as described in claim 1 to 9, taking 4 millimeters of mirror pipe diameters as example, for the rigid pipe endoscope optical system of other diameter mirror pipe, principle is consistent, and structure is similar, only needs to finely tune in parameter.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310027054.2A CN103969789A (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-01-25 | Optical system for ultrahigh image quality rigid tube endoscope |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310027054.2A CN103969789A (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-01-25 | Optical system for ultrahigh image quality rigid tube endoscope |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105361839A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-02 | 青岛大学附属医院 | Endoscope system with improved optical performance |
| CN107102433A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-08-29 | 江苏鹰利视医疗器械有限公司 | Hard pipe type endoscopic optical is imaged display system |
| CN108089325A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 西安博雅精密光学科技有限公司 | Based on wavefront coded hyperfocal distance imaging system |
| CN108780211A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2018-11-09 | 奥林巴斯株式会社 | Relay optical system and the rigid endoscope for having the relay optical system |
| CN111480104A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2020-07-31 | 视界工程有限公司 | Stereomicroscope with single objective |
| WO2020215196A1 (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-29 | 北京数字精准医疗科技有限公司 | Endoscope optical system |
| WO2021072656A1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-22 | 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 | Endoscope and rod lens system thereof |
| CN113589519A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 舜宇光学(中山)有限公司 | Thin-pipe-diameter high-definition endoscope optical system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105361839A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-02 | 青岛大学附属医院 | Endoscope system with improved optical performance |
| CN108780211A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2018-11-09 | 奥林巴斯株式会社 | Relay optical system and the rigid endoscope for having the relay optical system |
| CN108780211B (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2020-08-14 | 奥林巴斯株式会社 | Relay optical system and hard endoscope provided with same |
| CN107102433A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-08-29 | 江苏鹰利视医疗器械有限公司 | Hard pipe type endoscopic optical is imaged display system |
| CN111480104A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2020-07-31 | 视界工程有限公司 | Stereomicroscope with single objective |
| CN108089325A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 西安博雅精密光学科技有限公司 | Based on wavefront coded hyperfocal distance imaging system |
| WO2020215196A1 (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-29 | 北京数字精准医疗科技有限公司 | Endoscope optical system |
| WO2021072656A1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-22 | 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 | Endoscope and rod lens system thereof |
| CN113589519A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 舜宇光学(中山)有限公司 | Thin-pipe-diameter high-definition endoscope optical system |
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Application publication date: 20140806 |