CN103975482A

CN103975482A - Method and apparatus for tuning a communication device

Info

Publication number: CN103975482A
Application number: CN201280032857.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马修·格林; 基思·曼森; 格雷戈里·门多利亚
Original assignee: BlackBerry Ltd
Current assignee: BlackBerry Ltd
Priority date: 2011-05-16
Filing date: 2012-05-15
Publication date: 2014-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-15
Also published as: EP2710669B1; CN103975482B; EP2710672A1; EP3188309A1; CA2835432C; CN103931051B; WO2012158694A1; WO2012158693A1; CA2835432A1; EP2710669A1; CN103931051A; CA2836419C; CA2836419A1

Abstract

A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a tuning system for a communication device having an antenna where the tuning system includes at least one first tunable element connected with at least one radiating element of the antenna for tuning the antenna where the adjusting of the at least one first tunable element is based on a closed loop process, and a matching network having at least one second tunable element coupled at a feed point of the antenna for tuning the matching network based on an operational parameter of the communication device. Additional embodiments are disclosed.

Description

Method and apparatus for tuning communication equipment

The cross reference of related application

The application is the U. S. application series No.13/108 that requirement is submitted on May 16th, 2011, the U. S. application of submitting on May 16th, 463 and 2011 series No.13/108, and the PCT international application of 589 priority, it is open incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

The disclosure relates in general to communication system, and relates more specifically to the method and apparatus for tuning communication equipment.

Background technology

Existing multi-frequency wireless device (for example, wireless set) uses antenna structure, and its trial is carried out radiation with optimum efficiency on whole operational frequency range, but in fact only can in frequency subsets, with optimum efficiency, carry out radiation.Due to size restriction and aesthetic design reason, person compromises to the performance of some frequency bands to force Antenna Design.The example of this wireless device can be the mobile phone of the upper operation of scope (for example, 800MHz to 2200MHz) at different frequency.Due to the character of design, antenna will be not can radiation efficiently in all frequencies, and the power between the antenna in wireless set, power amplifier and receiver transmits marked change.

In addition, the performance of antenna is subject to the impact of its operating environment.For example, for radio handsets, exist multiple use situation can damage significantly the efficiency of wireless device, it comprises such as handheld device antenna being placed on to the position of proximal subscribers head or being placed in user's pocket or by situations such as hand cover antenna.In addition, a lot of existing wireless sets use the ball bearing made using of the definite value module composition being transmitted by the power that is intended to improve from power amplifier to antenna or from antenna to receiver, but because the assembly using is definite value, when attempting covering a plurality of frequency bands and multiple service condition, always there is compromise.

Microwave equipment for electromagnetic wave propagation can be by tunable level and non-tunable level and module composition.Can use bias voltage to regulate the electrical path length of tuned element.Can realize described level and assembly by micro-band geometry, strip line geometry, coaxial geometry, slotted line or fine rule geometry and co-planar waveguide geometry.The function of assembly can be phase shift, delay or filtering.Some assemblies can be pooled together, to form multilevel device.This collects can improve the bandwidth realizing by single-stage microwave equipment.Level can be connected, for example, tunable level be connected with non-tunable level.The example of the tunable microwave devices with automatic adjusting match circuit has been described in the U.S. Patent No. 6,590,468 of duToit etc.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 shows the illustrative examples of communication equipment;

Fig. 2 shows the illustrative examples of a transceiver part for Fig. 1 communication equipment;

Fig. 3-4 show the illustrative examples of the tunable matching network of Fig. 2 transceiver;

Fig. 5-6 show the illustrative examples of the tunable reactance component of tunable matching network;

Fig. 7 A shows the illustrative examples of a part for communication equipment;

Fig. 7 B shows the illustrative examples of another part of communication equipment;

Fig. 8 A shows the illustrative examples of a part for multi-antenna communication device;

Fig. 8 B-8F shows the assembly that uses together with the embodiment with Fig. 8 A and the illustrative examples of configuration;

Fig. 9-16 show the illustrative examples of the part of communication equipment;

Figure 17 shows the illustrative methods operating in the part of one or more equipment of Fig. 1-16;

Figure 18 shows the illustrative examples of the look-up table that one or more equipment of Fig. 1-6 and the method for Figure 17 used; And

Figure 19 shows the exemplary graphic expression of machine with the form of computer system, wherein, instruction set when carrying out, can make machine carry out in method disclosed herein any one or more.

Embodiment

One or more in exemplary embodiment described herein can have the antenna of the tuned element mutually attached with the radiant element of antenna.Tuned element can be all kinds, for example, has the passive tunable integrated circuit (PTIC) of one or more electric tunable capacitor.

In one embodiment, can be in frequency direct turning antenna, the resonance frequency of mobile radiant element.By doing like this, can adjust the amplitude that antenna is presented to the VSWR of transceiver, and can hold it in the scope of easily mating with transceiver.

In another embodiment, on antenna, (on-antenna) is tuning can combine with the tunable matching network that is for example positioned at this antenna feed point, with with use discretely these tuning methods in any one is compared, in overall antenna efficiency, realize larger gain.

In one embodiment, can use open-loop method to carry out the tuned element on described antenna tuning, for example, the bands/frequencies strictly just operating according to described transceiver is carried out tuning to it.In another embodiment, can also be combined or replace described bands/frequencies information to use other standards with bands/frequencies information, comprise mechanical arrangements (in cunning/slide) or other service conditions, and other input, for example proximity detector state and accelerometer positional informations.Service condition can change, and can comprise speakerphone operation, opens etc.

In another embodiment, can carry out the tuned element on described antenna tuning, for example, so that the RF voltage presenting on the measurement assembly (, detector) at contiguous described antenna is placed in preset range.Can be based on the understanding of mobile phone transceiver transmitting power is determined to described scope, and described scope can be for setting up the input impedance of described antenna in the scope at voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), the tunable matching network that described scope is coupled the feedback point for example allowing at described antenna improves the impedance matching between described antenna and described transceiver.The present embodiment can comprise two separated " rings " of closed loop algorithm, allow to use the feedback of self-detector to the tuned element of described antenna, to carry out tuning in closed loop algorithm, once and this ring is stable, can use the information from directional coupler and described detector, to described tunable matching network, carry out tuning.

Another embodiment in the future information of self-detector and directional coupler is used in the closed loop algorithm of combination.Algorithm can regulate the tuned element on described antenna and described tunable matching network simultaneously, also be increased in the RF voltage that described detector detects, it obeys the restriction to return loss and determined other quality factor parameters of directional coupler input simultaneously.In the U.S. Patent No. 7,991,363 of Greene, one or more these algorithms have been described.As example, these algorithms can comprise: during transmitter time slot, application continuous tuning basic principle, moves to target by the operation of transmitter, and when activating receiving slot, regulate to match with receiver frequency.To the adjusting of receiver operation pattern, can first relate to and determine current operation condition, and application conversion is with tuning various circuit.Another algorithm can be used for based on operating condition with use the value of the tuned assembly that look-up table arranges, and for example, first by using look-up table that values for tuning is set, then finds time during operation to finely tune exploratoryly or exploratory determines.For example, design that can be based on circuit and/or test and the measurement of circuit operation, rule of thumb determine the conversion of applying during receiver operation.Another technology is that application operating is for reaching the algorithm of target, described algorithm based on the relevant tolerance of one or more transmitter (for example, return loss) and the value of adjustable component, to attempt continuously keeping compromise mode of operation, described compromise mode of operation remains on the operation of transmitter and receiver the specific objective FOM that represents trade off performance tolerance grade.

Another embodiment can utilize the U. S. application series No.13/005 that uses Greene, the information that one or more method described in 122 obtains from detector and/or directional coupler.The method can comprise: in response to the change of the control signal of tuned element, use derivative or the slope of the RF voltage at detector place.As example, method can comprise: for example use the directional coupler connecting between front-end module and the matching network of transmit/receive antenna, detect the first parameter being associated with the transmission of communication equipment.Based on these first parameters or its, analyze, can set up for the impedance ranges of the acceptable level of the performance of communication equipment and can be for the second tuning parameter sets.For example, the detector that is positioned at transmit/receive antenna input can detect the second parameter, for example, and the change of transmitting RF power or increase.Can use described the second parameter to determine the target impedance in impedance ranges, and can to the matching network for described transmit/receive antenna, carry out tuning based on described target impedance.For example, the matching network that method can continue to revise transmit/receive antenna, to increase the RF voltage detecting, is limited in return loss in expected range simultaneously.Can apply skew with antenna in tuning receiving mode, wherein said skew is based on above-mentioned technology, for example based on frequency shift (FS) for the known conversion of receiving mode.

In another embodiment, in order to reduce the coupling of the first antenna and one or more other antennas, can carry out the de-tuned of the first antenna in a plurality of antennas.The de-tuned performance that can improve one or more other antennas of described the first antenna.

An embodiment of the present disclosure requires for having the tuning system of the communication equipment of antenna.Described tuning system comprises: at least one first tuned element, be connected with at least one radiant element of described antenna, and tuning for described antenna is carried out, wherein, the adjusting of described at least one the first tuned element is based on closed-loop process; And matching network, has at least one second tuned element in the feedback point coupling of described antenna, for the operating parameter based on described communication equipment, carries out tuning to described matching network.

An embodiment of the present disclosure requires a kind of method, comprise: by least one first tuned element to communication equipment, regulate, use closed-loop process, the antenna of described communication equipment is carried out tuning, at least one of described communication equipment the first tuned element is connected with at least one radiant element of described antenna; And, by least one second tuned element of described matching network is regulated the matching network of described communication equipment is carried out tuning, the coupling of the feedback point of at least one of described matching network the second tuned element and described antenna.

An embodiment of the present disclosure requires a kind of tuning system for communication equipment, and described communication equipment has antenna, and described antenna has low-frequency band (LB) radiant element and high frequency band (HB) radiant element.Described tuning system comprises a plurality of the first tuned elements, wherein, expectation voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) based on being associated with described antenna, to at least one being associated with LB radiant element in a plurality of the first tuned elements, carry out tuning, and, increase based on unexpected frequency decay, in a plurality of the first tuned elements, be associated with HB radiant element at least another carries out tuning.Described tuning system also comprises the matching network with at least one the second tuned element, and described at least one second tuned element is coupling in the feedback point of the described antenna being conditioned, for carrying out tuning to described matching network.

An embodiment of the present disclosure requires for having a kind of tuning system of the communication equipment of antenna, described tuning system comprises: at least one first tuned element, be connected with at least one radiant element of described antenna, for carrying out tuning to described antenna, wherein, at least one in the service condition of the adjusting of described at least one the first tuned element based on being associated with described communication equipment and the positional information that is associated with described communication equipment; And matching network, has at least one second tuned element in the feedback point coupling of described antenna, wherein, described matching network receives for regulating the control signal of described at least one the second tuned element, to carry out tuning to described matching network.

An embodiment of the present disclosure requires a kind of method, comprise: by least one first tuned element of communication equipment is regulated and carries out tuning to the antenna of described communication equipment, at least one of described communication equipment the first tuned element is connected with at least one radiant element of described antenna, wherein, the service condition of the adjusting of described at least one the first tuned element based on being associated with described communication equipment; And, by at least one second tuned element of described matching network is regulated and carries out tuning to the matching network of described communication equipment, at least one of described matching network the second tuned element is coupling between the described antenna and transceiver of described communication equipment, wherein, the adjusting of described the second tuned element is the closed-loop process of the operating parameter based on described communication equipment.

An embodiment of the present disclosure requires to comprise the tuning system of memory and controller.Described controller is programmed for: receive the antenna efficiency information that in the antenna sets with communication equipment, one or more antenna is associated; Receive the antenna isolation information being associated with one or more antenna in antenna sets; And, based on described antenna efficiency information and described antenna isolation information, at least a portion of described antenna sets, carry out tuning.

Exemplary embodiment can be for example on antenna tuned element and/or at matching network place, use the tuning processing of open loop.Service condition can comprise the some different conditions that are associated with communication equipment, for example, open, closed, (for example slip into, skid off, Qwerty keypad or numeric keypad), speaker-phone leaves, speaker-phone pass, hands-free operation, antenna upward, antenna down, other communication patterns open or close (for example, bluetooth/WiFi/GPS), special frequency band and/or transmission or receiving mode.Service condition can for example, based on object or surperficial proximity detection (, user's hand or desk).Open loop can comprise other environmental impacts in processing, for example, and temperature, pressure, speed and/or effect of altitude.Open loop is processed and for example can be considered other information of for example, being associated with ad-hoc location (, in building or in the city being surrounded by building) and the indication outside scope.

This exemplary embodiment can be used the combination of open loop processing and closed-loop process, for example for example, based on service condition and measured operating parameter operating parameter detectors measure and/or that measured by the directional coupler between matching network and transceiver of adjacent antennas (, by), to tuned element, carry out tuning.In other words, tuningly can use one to process and be then switched to another and process, the specific factor based on being associated with this communication equipment for example, is used that closed loop is tuning and to be then switched to open loop tuning.

Fig. 1 shows the exemplary embodiment of communication equipment 100.Communication equipment 100 can comprise transceiver 102 (herein, there is independently sending part and acceptance division, and there is one or more antenna (showing in this example wherein two)), user interface (UI) 104, power supply 114 and for managing the controller 106 of its operation.Transceiver 102 can be used short distance or long apart from wireless access technology (such as bluetooth, WiFi, DECT (DECT) or cellular telecommunication art etc.).Cellular technology can comprise for example CDMA-1X, WCDMA, UMTS/HSDPA, GSM/GPRS, TDMA/EDGE, EV/DO, WiMAX and the following cellular radio Communication technology of future generation occurring.

UI104 comprises and has navigation mechanism the depressible or touch sensitive keypad 108 of (for example, roller ball, joystick, mouse or for the navigation disk of the operation of manipulating communication equipment 100).Keypad 108 can be communication equipment 100 casing assembly integration section or by wireline interface (for example, flexible cable) or support can operational coupled such as the wave point of bluetooth etc. and communication equipment 100 autonomous device.Keypad 108 can represent the normally used dial pad of phone and/or have the Qwerty keypad of alpha numeric keys.UI104 can also comprise display 110 (for example, black and white or color LCD (liquid crystal display), OLED (organic light emitting diode) or for by image transfer other the suitable Display Techniques to the terminal use of communication equipment 100).At display 110, be in the embodiment of touch-sensitive display, can present by the mode showing part or all of keypad 108.

Power supply 114 for example can be used for the assembly power supply to communication equipment 100, to be conducive to the general electric energy management technology (, replaceable battery, power supply adjustment technology and charging system technology) of portable use.Controller 106 can use the computing technique of for example the have associative storage microprocessor of (for example, flash memory, ROM, RAM, SRAM, DRAM or other similar techniques) and/or digital signal processor (DSP) and so on.

Communication equipment 100 can use can with tuned cell 150 on the direct-connected antenna of radiant element, this radiant element comprises a part for high frequency band (HB) and low-frequency band (LB) radiant element and/or radiant element.Tuned cell can be some assemblies with some different configurations, comprise the variable capacitor such as electric tunable capacitor, although it will also be appreciated that other tuned elements by the disclosure, comprise semiconductor variable reactor, MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (MEMS) variable reactor, mems switch reactance component, piezoelectric element or semiconductor switch reactance component.

Fig. 2 shows the illustrative examples of a part of the transceiver 102 of Fig. 1 communication equipment 100.In GSM application, the sending part of transceiver 102 and acceptance division can comprise common amplifier 201,203, and this common amplifier 201,203 is via switch 204 and tunable matching network 202 and impedance load 206 couplings.Load 206 in this example can be antenna (antenna 206 herein) as shown in Figure 1.The transmitted signal (TX) with radio frequency (RF) signal form can be directed to amplifier 201, when switch 204 is activated when sending session, 201 pairs of signals of amplifier amplify, and via tunable matching network 202 by the amplifying signal antenna 206 that leads.The acceptance division of transceiver 102 can be used preamplifier 203, and when switch 204 is activated when receiving session, 203 pairs of signals that receive from antenna 206 via tunable matching network 202 of preamplifier amplify.Other configurations of Fig. 2 can be for the honeycomb access technology of other types (for example, CDMA).By the disclosure, can expect these undocumented configurations.

Fig. 3-4 show the illustrative examples of tunable matching network 202 of the transceiver 102 of Fig. 2.In one embodiment, tunable matching network 202 can comprise control circuit 302 and tunable reactance component 310.Control circuit 302 can comprise that DC is to DC transducer 304, one or more digital to analog converter (DAC) 306 and for amplifying one or more corresponding buffering area 308 of the voltage being produced by each DAC.Through amplifying signal, can be fed into the possible Circnit Layout that one or more tunable reactance component 504,506 as shown in Figure 5 and 508, Fig. 5 show tunable reactance component 310.In this example, tunable reactance component 310 can comprise three tunable capacitor 504-508 and the inductor 502 with fixed inductance.Other Circnit Layouts are also possible, thereby can expect these Circnit Layouts by the disclosure.

Tunable capacitor 504-508 all can be used the technology of the tunability of the electric capacity that can realize described assembly.An embodiment of tunable capacitor 504-508 can be used voltage or electric current tunable dielectric material (for example, the mixture of barium strontium titanate BST).The example of BST synthetic is tunable capacitor.In another embodiment, tunable reactance component 310 can be used semiconductor variable reactor.The disclosure can be expected can support other method existing or of future generation or the material synthetics for the device of voltage or the tunable reactance component of electric current.

DC can be from Fig. 1 to DC transducer 304 the power supply 114 received power signals (for example 3 volts) of communication equipment 100.DC can be used for example, for this power signal being amplified to the current techique of higher scope (, 30 volts), as shown in the figure to DC transducer 304.Controller 106 can be via " n " line or more multi-thread control bus, and each DAC in DAC306 provides digital signal, controls independently the electric capacity of tunable capacitor 504-508, thereby changes the set reactance of tunable matching network 202.Can use serial communication technology for two-pass (for example, serial peripheral interface (SPI) bus) to realize control bus.Use spi bus, controller 106 can be submitted serialization digital signal to, with the switch of each DAC in allocation plan 3 or the tunable reactance component 404 in Fig. 4.The control circuit 302 of Fig. 3 can be realized spi bus by general digital logic, and the digital signal being provided by controller 106 is directed to DAC.

In another embodiment, tunable matching network 202 can comprise the control circuit 402 of decoder form and comprise can switch reactance component tunable reactance component 404, for example as shown in Figure 6.In the present embodiment, controller 106 can provide control circuit 402 signals via spi bus, can use general boolean (Boolean) or logic state machine to decode to control circuit 402 signals, enables independently or disabled switch element 602.Can use semiconductor switch or (for example using in MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (MEMS)) micro-machinery switch to realize switch element 602.By enable independently and forbid the reactance component (capacitor or inductor) in Fig. 6 with switch element 602, can change the set reactance of tunable reactance component 404.

The tunability of tunable matching network 202,204 is provided for optimizing the device of the performance parameter of transceiver 102 to controller 106, described performance parameter such as but not limited to: the power consumption of transmitter power, transmitter frequency, receiver sensitivity, communication equipment, human body are to the specific absorption rate of energy (SAR), band performance parameter etc.

Fig. 7 A shows the illustrative examples of a part for the communication equipment 700 (for example equipment in Fig. 1 100) with tunable matching network, this is tunable, and matching network can comprise numerous assemblies such as directional coupler, sensor IC, control circuit and/or tuner, or is coupled with these assemblies.Tunable matching network can comprise various other assemblies, as supplementing or substituting of assembly (comprising the above assembly of describing for Fig. 1-6) is shown.Except the detector 701 with directional coupler 725 couplings, also show the detector 702 with the RF line coupling being fed to antenna 750.Tunable matching network 755 can be coupled with antenna 750 and transceiver 779 (or transmitter and/or receiver), for promoting the signal communication between communication equipment 700 and other equipment or system.In this exemplary embodiment, can, by part or all of detector for feeding back to tuning algorithm, adjust tunable coupling.

Can adjust matching network 750 with various algorithms, comprise using character factor, in this illustrative examples, can to it, determine in whole or in part according to appearing at the forward direction at detector 701 places and the measurement of reverse signal.This exemplary embodiment also can further improve with detector 702 ability of tuning system, can realize the raising of communication equipment performance.An embodiment of this algorithm can be used the input of self-detector 701, sets up maximum return loss or VSWR for matching network.This method can be based upon near impedance ranges target impedance.This impedance ranges can be set up the acceptable value of performance.So, come the input of self-detector 702 can be used to allow this algorithm to find the improved or optimum impedance in this tolerance interval.For example, algorithm can continue to revise matching network 755, to (being measured by detector 701) return loss is being limited in to target echo loss with in interior, is increased in the RF voltage that antenna feed point place detects.In the present embodiment, can to allow tuning be not the source impedance of 50ohm to communication equipment 700.In this example, can select minimum insertion loss for tuning algorithm.

In another embodiment, tuning algorithm can keep return loss when minimizing current drain, to determine the values for tuning of expectation.Tuning algorithm can be used the various parameters for tuner, comprising: the power output of transmitter, return loss, received power, current drain and/or linear transmitter degree.

Communication equipment 700 can comprise one or more radiant element 755 of antenna 750.One or more tuned element 780 can directly be connected with one or more radiant element 755, with tuning tuning together with matching network 775 that allows antenna 750.Tuned element 780 can be all kinds as described herein, comprises electric tunable capacitor.The quantity of tuned element 780 and configuration can change based on some factors (comprising that tuning is open loop processing or closed-loop process).In one embodiment, all radiant elements 755 have at least one coupled tuned element 780, for allowing the tuning of radiant element.In another embodiment, an only part for radiant element 755 has coupled tuned element 780.

In one or more embodiment, the active element that the input of initial matching network level can be the wireless set of antenna feed point from output is partly connected to transmission line.

In one or more embodiment, on antenna, tuned cell can for example, consist of tunable reactance component (, tunable capacitor (PTIC)).This radiant element can consist of electric conductor section, and create near electric current in radiant element and voltage and the physical enclosure identical with this radiant element or in peripheral conductor in the RF field responded to of electric current, radio circuit is fed to described electric conductor section.In one or more embodiment, say physically, on antenna, element can be placed in or directly contact and be positioned on the carrier wave substrate identical with this radiant element, or is connected with this radiant element by the electrical connector of contiguous (and electricity approaches) this radiant element.

In one or more embodiment, initial matching network level can be placed near the point that feedback is put or RF circuit (wireless set) is connected with this radiant element, and can be connected electrically between this wireless set and this radiant element.Although the same expection of the disclosure is adjusted this matching network for other objects, its object can be that the impedance of this radiant element is mated with the impedance phase of this wireless set, make the base station of the network that communicating with from this wireless set to the enough power of this wireless set transmission, and enough power is transmitted in the base station of the network communicating with to this wireless set from this wireless set.

With reference to figure 7B, can be in another exemplary embodiment of using together with the equipment of Fig. 7 A, antenna 750 and/or radiant element 755 for example can be placed on, on the carrier (, plastic carrier or substrate) that is coupled with printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) 740 or is otherwise connected.Tuned element or equipment 780 (being tunable capacitor in this example) can be connected between feeder line (feed) 741 and antenna 750.Feeder line 741 can be coupled with the inductor 742 with ground connection 743.In one embodiment, inductor 742 can be one of printed inductance trace or chip inducer.In one embodiment, antenna 750 can tuned element 780 couplings with PCB740 via Elastic Contact 743.

Example PCB740 can be used on the difference on antenna together with a plurality of tunable equipment.In this example, tuned element 780 is not exposed to user, to reduce the risk of damaging.The example of Fig. 7 C can be used together with all kinds antenna and/or various types of tuned element.In this example, compare with the system of placing discretely tuned element and inductor with PCB, by tuned element 780 and inductor 742 are placed on to the quantity that can reduce Elastic Contact on PCB740.This example also helps and has simplified the manufacture of tuned element assembling.PCB740 provides the more assembling of robust, about use PCB740 mobile communication equipment drop like this especially.

In a further exemplary embodiment, Fig. 8 A shows a part for the communication equipment 800 (for example, the equipment in Fig. 1 100) with the tunable matching network using together with multiaerial system.In this exemplary embodiment, there are two antennas, i.e. transmit/receive antenna 805 and diversity reception antenna 820.Yet, should be appreciated that the antenna that can use other numbers, type and/or configuration in equipment 800.For example, antenna can be space diversity, directional diagram diversity, polarization diversity and/or adaptive array antenna.Tuned element 880 can be connected with a part for the radiant element of radiant element or antenna 805.In another embodiment, tuned element 880 can be connected with a plurality of antenna (not shown).Tuned element 880 allows the tuning and/or de-tuned of one or more antennas, comprises tuning in conjunction with matching network 810 and/or matching network 825.

In one or more embodiment, antenna can be antenna sets, this antenna sets so that antenna each other enough the mode of isolation place so that allow they will be slightly independent and incoherent signal be delivered to wireless set.Their placement is to be determined by their electric behaviors (RF) each other.The concrete quantity of antenna can change.

In one embodiment, the antenna of communication equipment 800 can be a part for MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output) system.Many antennas can be used to improve communication, for example, by switching or selection technology (comprise and analyze the noise in many signals and select most suitable signal) realizes.Many antennas also can for example, be combined with the folding that signal can be superimposed (, equal gain combining or high specific merge).Exemplary embodiment has also been expected and has been used the other technologies from many signals of many antennas, comprises the dynamical system (for example, optionally applying handoff technique and folding) that can adjust the concrete technology of using.Can be based on some because usually changing and select the particular location of antenna, described factor comprises the enough near proximities in the RF energy that intercouples.

Communication equipment 800 can comprise numerous other assemblies such as tunable matching network, this is tunable, and matching network can comprise as numerous assemblies of directional coupler, sensor IC, biasing control and other control IC and tunable matching network etc., or is coupled with these numerous assemblies.Tunable matching network can comprise various other assemblies, as substituting or supplementing of assembly (comprising the assembly of describing for Fig. 1-7) is shown.This example also comprises the transceiver 850 of communication equipment 800, and it comprises for meeting a plurality of receivers and/or the transmitter for many antennas 805 and 820 of diversity reception object.

In one embodiment, the first tunable matching network 810 can be coupled in input and transmit/receive antenna 805, and the second tunable matching network 825 can be coupled with the input of diversity reception antenna 820.In response to frequency band, frequency of operation, physics service condition and/or antenna 805 and 820 and the change of the proximity of user or other objects (can affect the impedance that antenna shows front-end module (FEM) 860 and transceiver 850) etc., (for example can adjust, tuning) these two matching networks 810 and 825, to improve the performance of communication equipment 800.In one embodiment, can for example by come rightly these signals to be carried out to route with FEM, to carry out these, measure (for example, avoiding filtering out signal), remove feedback line.

Can regulate tunable matching network 810 with distinct methods and/or assembly.In one embodiment, detector 830 can be coupled with equipment 800, to detect the RF voltage presenting in the junction with diversity reception antenna 820.The received power level of this point may be lower than-50dBm.Some detectors (for example, diode detector or logarithmic amplifier) generally may be not enough to detect this level.Yet because in this exemplary embodiment, two antennas 805 and 820 are in identical device 800 and mutually contiguous, they inherently can be from another antenna-coupled of sky alignment RF energy.Although communication equipment 800 does not need this coupling, this exemplary embodiment can be used it for the object of tuned antenna matching network.In one example, set up the tuning state for diversity coupling in transmission frequency after, for by Matching and modification on receiver operation frequency, can be to matching network 825 application predetermined relationship or skews.

Communication equipment 800 can comprise for determining or measurement parameter obtains expectation tuning other assemblies and configuration.Various configurations have been shown in Fig. 8 B-8F.Fig. 8 B shows the capacitive coupling configuration between tunable matching network and FEM.Fig. 8 C shows for obtaining tunable matching network and the coupling of the resistive between FEM of expectation parameter.FEM860 on the diversity paths of communication equipment 800 may be high reflection in tranmitting frequency.This may produce standing wave, and detector can make for capacitive coupling and the resistively couple shown in Fig. 8 A and 8B in minimum voltage place, and the detection that carry out is more difficult.In Fig. 8 D, can come only forward power to be sampled with directional coupler, although this makes to exist standing wave in diversity paths, also can obtain expectation parameter.Fig. 8 E and 8F are used detector, but along path, a plurality of points are sampled, and avoid sampling at minimum voltage place.

In one embodiment, can be similar to the technology of describing for Fig. 7 A above, tunable coupling on transmit/receive antenna 805 is carried out tuning, but do not use detector 815, and generation with detector 830, come measuring coupling to arrive the increase of the transmitting RF power of diversity reception antenna 820.So, can from equipment 800, remove detector 815 (in Fig. 8 A with shown in dotted line), thereby reduce cost and reduce complexity.Therefore, this example can only be used another detector for example, for example, not needing with a detector (, detector 830) of one of antenna (, diversity reception antenna 820) coupling with another antenna-coupled, to two antennas, carries out tuning.This example depends on the quite constant coupling coefficient between two antennas under any specific frequency band, frequency and service condition, and for any operation of algorithm, they are all counted as constant.

In another embodiment, adjust tunable matching network 810 by algorithm after, also can adjust tunable matching network 825.The coupling firing power presenting by detector for measuring 830 places, can adjust tunable matching network 825 increases the coupling firing power that detector 830 places are seen.In one example, after the tuning state of setting up for the diversity coupling at transmission frequency place, for by Matching and modification on receiver operation frequency, can be to matching network 825 application predetermined relationship or offset applications.For example, first can the tolerance based on towards transmitter adjust tuning circuit, then, can apply predetermined relationship or skew is obtained and for transmitter and receiver, operated the expectation tuning state of the two.In another embodiment, operation tolerance can be one or more in power output, current drain and/or the linear transmitter degree of transmitter reflection loss, transmitter.

For example, at transmitter and receiver, under different frequency, operate but only at them, time slot is (separately, sending time slots and receiving slot) in operation time division multiplexing (TDM) system in, this can be tuning for the optimum of transmitter by sign, then in receiving mode, to tuning circuit, adds the adjustment of rule of thumb deriving and realize.As another example, in frequency division multiplexing (FDM) system operating in different frequency at transmitter and receiver simultaneously, this can realize in the following manner: sign is for the object run of transmitter, then first tuning circuit is adjusted to the desired value for transmitter, then adjusted this and be worth to approach the compromise value for the desired value that equate or expectation of receiver.In one embodiment, when being switched to receiving mode from sending mode, predetermined relationship (for example, skew, zoom factor, conversion or other changes or modification) can be applied to the adjustment of variable component.The value that this conversion can be obtained when adjusting during sending time slots.When returning to sending mode, can remove this conversion, and recover to adjust and process.In one embodiment, because any frequency shift (FS) between transmitted signal and reception signal is known, so can apply adjustment or the modification of the matching network setting with conversion or some other functional forms to matching network during receiving slot.In another embodiment, if tranmitting frequency and receive frequency a good distance off can be carried out and adjust with a plurality of steps.

In another embodiment, quality factor can send tolerance for not only comprising, and also comprise for obtaining the key element of compromise between optimum transmitter operation and optimal receiver operation.This can realize by following manner: sign object run target (example is transmitter and receiver reflection loss as desired), then sign is as the operation setting that approaches compromise between the two.Therefore, the present embodiment not only can be incorporated into transmitter tolerance in algorithm, tuning circuit setting or preference can also be incorporated in algorithm.Can rule of thumb identify tuning preference, to guarantee the operation of expectation.

At communication equipment 800, for receiving operation, use antenna diversity and firing operation do not used in an embodiment of antenna diversity, antenna 820 will be only for receiving.Transmitter can be launched on antenna 805, and can on antenna 805 and 820, receive.Self-adapting closed loop for the tunable matching network 825 on diversity antenna is tuning, and communication equipment 800 can obtain the tolerance of the performance of the tunable match circuit of indication on receive frequency.This tolerance can be used for resonance matching to be adjusted at the performance on receive frequency.This can measure received signal level by the receiver with in transceiver IC and realize.This measurement is called as RSSI (received signal strength indicator symbol).For example, due to the infringement (, decline) of the height change in propagation channel, rssi measurement can be very noisy and unsettled.Can be with being averaged to filter these variations.Yet it is slow and improper as the tuning feedback of closed loop antenna that required average amount can make this measurement cross.

In this embodiment, because main antenna and diversity antenna are positioned on same communication equipment, so transmit, be coupled with tunable the coupling moderately in diversity paths.Under many circumstances, main antenna and diversity antenna can only have the isolation of 20dB.Transmitting of occurring at tunable coupling 825 places can be than the reception signal occurring at tunable matching network 825 places much better than and stable many signals.Transmitting can be for can be used in the tuning reliable measurements of closed loop.

Can use 830 pairs of detectors to transmit measures.Detector can be positioned between tunable coupling and transceiver.This is actually the output of tunable coupling.In the present embodiment, for this, measure, directional coupler is optional, and can use capacitive coupling or resistively couple, as long as detector has enough dynamic ranges.Other assemblies and arrangement of components also can be used for parameter detecting (for example, shown in the U.S. Patent application No.20090039976 of McKinzie), comprise duplexing multiport RF matching network, the voltage divider with diode detector, the resitstance voltage divider that uses multipole RF switch that use for signal route between port, have the access of can realizing along the shunt RF branch of a series of capacitor strings of the various nodes of capacitor string, for the bigoted drive circuit etc. of offset signal is provided to reactance component.

In the present embodiment, the output voltage that maximizes tunable coupling can be equal to and minimizes insertion loss, and for lossless network, and it can be equal to and minimizes mismatch loss.A kind of alternative of using detector 830 is to use receiver self (be tuned to tranmitting frequency) to measure to transmit.More than the some feasible methods that transmit by the tunable coupling measurement of diversity.By the disclosure, can expect other forms of input.

By transmitting, for tuning complexity, be that it is in the frequency different from receiving signal, and the target of the tunable coupling in diversity paths is to be adjusted at the performance on receive frequency.In an illustrative methods, for receptivity, based on emission measurement, adjust tunable match circuit.In this illustrative methods, can use the measurement to transmitting, tunable coupling is optimized in tranmitting frequency, then, can adjust match circuit with sending the predetermined relationship that arranges and receive between arranging, so that the performance of expectation to be provided on receive frequency.

In an embodiment who uses tunable matching network, only can during the measurement transmitting, apply one and specify values for tuning set (C1TX, C2TX), described tunable matching network comprises two tunable capacitors.Can between emission measurement, apply another and specify values for tuning set (C1RX, C2RX).The present embodiment is described two tunable capacitors, but this exemplary embodiment can be applied to the tuned element of various quantity and type.In this example, Rx values for tuning is the function of Tx values for tuning.Because in whole iterative algorithm, Tx value adaptively modifying, Rx value also will be followed the tracks of Tx value and be changed with predetermined relationship.If the quality factor of setting are so that Vout is maximum, Tx solution can converge on (C1TXopt, C2TXopt), and can use predetermined relationship that it is adjusted to (C1RXopt, C2RXopt) rightly to realize the RX performance of expectation.

In order to carry out Tx, measure when tunable coupling is set to (C1TX, C2TX), during application (C1TX, C2TX), the performance at Rx frequency place may reduce at every turn.In the present embodiment, expectation carry out to measure as quickly as possible so that during measuring by the deteriorated minimum of the tuning Rx causing of Tx.In one embodiment, Tx value can be employed and is less than the centesimal time and still obtains enough convergence times.

In one embodiment, relation between the tuning scheme of TX and the tuning scheme of RX can depend on operational frequency bands, and in the situation that receiver is tuned to the signal monitoring in alternative frequency band, during this measurement, can apply alternative tuning solution (C1RX2, C2RX2).

Can use for controlling another tuning illustrative methods, the method need to not be set to the value of optimizing for sending by tunable capacitor when carrying out Tx measurement.Object be optimize Rx performance arrange to operate resonance matching network.These settings are capacitances of distance Tx optimal value specified quantitative on specific direction.Can use the algorithm that finds this position and do not need first to find Tx optimal value in electric capacity plane.Tx level can change based on some situations (for example,, according to the power control command in transceiver, or according to the variation of supply power voltage, temperature, component tolerances etc.).In the present embodiment, because only carry out the measurement to the output RF voltage of tuner, so can not determine that algorithm is whether at Tx optimal value place or there is the distance of specified quantitative from Tx optimal value, this is because Tx level is changing.This can prevent from using only take the algorithm that specific T x signal level is target.

Can be used for determining that resonance matching network is being to use Tx level with respect to the value of tunable capacitor (or tuned element of other types) or slope or the derivative of setting with respect to the tolerance of Tx optimal value position how far operation.For example, if determined the RF voltage (Vout) (, by determining with logarithmic detector) that the output of tunable coupling presents in TX frequency, first derivative is dVout/dC1 and dVout/dC2 so.Can use the finite difference of two proceeding measurements to assign to calculate these derivatives.These slopes are by the function that is tunable capacitor.Because using logarithmic detector, these slopes are by the function that is not the absolute power level of Tx signal.If do not use logarithmic detector or its equivalent, can, before slope calculations, first calculate the logarithm of Tx voltage.The quality factor that comprise dVout/dC1 and dVout/dC2 by definition, algorithm can converge on specific direction apart from the solution of Tx optimal value specified quantitative, and in this case, it approaches Rx optimal value.In the present embodiment, logarithmic detector is the equipment with logarithmic response.

In some cases, specify separately slope can not obtain unique solution (that is, may have a plurality of solutions).Algorithm can solve this situation by adding PTC preference to quality factor.Tunable coupling can have a plurality of solutions that meet Tx RL target, and can comprise PTC preference in quality factor, to identify, not only meets the solution that Tx RL target also meets Rx performance objective.Similarly, tunable coupling can have a plurality of solutions that meet slope criterion, and can comprise PTC preference in quality factor, to identify, not only meets the solution that slope criterion also meets Rx performance objective.

In the situation that using separately dVout to obtain a plurality of solution, also can use second dervative to solve these situations.For example, can use second dervative (d ²vout/dC2dC1), it is that dVout/dC2 is with respect to C1 differentiate.Specify dVout/dC2 and d ²vout/dC2dC1 can identify Rx correct or expectation and separate from a plurality of solutions.This illustrative methods can comprise: the derivative based on RF voltage and variable capacitance, definite derivative information being associated with RF voltage (for example, and use this derivative information to carry out tuning to tunable matching network one or more in first derivative and/or second dervative etc.).

Another exemplary embodiment can be used the detector 830 of the communication equipment 800 in diversity paths as feedback, adjusts the tunable matching network 810 on main antenna 805.With the tunable matching network 810 of main antenna coupling have transmit and receive signal the two, and can be optimized for Tx performance, Rx performance and duplex capability.For Tx, separate, can make Vout maximum.For Rx, separate and duplex solution, can comprise dVout in quality factor.May need PTC preference to identify optimum Rx and separate, but not need PTC preference to identify optimum duplexing solution, return loss, received power, current drain or linear transmitter degree.

In one or more exemplary embodiment, can build quality factor and make when it equals particular value or is minimized or maximizes, realize the tuner setting of expectation.Quality factor can be used together with some Different Optimization algorithms.For example, can use the further method of exhaustion of quality factor being assessed for the combination of each capacitor value.Also other suitable algorithms be can use, simplex algorithm, binary tree search algorithm and/or gradient algorithm comprised.

In another embodiment, communication equipment 800 can carry out antenna 805 and 820 tuning, and does not use detector 815 and 830.Can regulate tunable matching network 810 with some distinct methods.After tunable matching network 810 is adjusted, can adjust tunable matching network 825.By monitoring and the detector 801 of directional coupler 875 couplings, can determine the diversity coupling tuning state of tunable matching network 825 being adjusted to tranmitting frequency.If supposed the remarkable coupling between two antennas 805 and 820, and by adjust the return loss that monitors transmitting/receiving coupling in diversity reception antenna 820 coupling during launching, can determine by diversity reception antenna 820 be tuned to the diversity coupling tuning state of tranmitting frequency.This tuning state can be minimized in the return loss in the tranmitting frequency of measuring at directional coupler 875 places.After finding this tuning state, then can, for receive frequency, to tunable matching network 825, carry out suitable adjustment (for example, skew).

In another embodiment shown in Figure 9, communication equipment 900 comprises for antenna 901 is carried out to tuning tuned element 902.Tuning can be with open loop approach, for example, based on frequency and/or service condition.Can regulate tuned element 902, making antenna VSWR is can be in the scope of tunable matching network 908 Proper Matchs.

Can to tuned element 902, regulate with open loop approach, to maximize obstruction or the decay at unexpected frequency place, the VSWR at fundamental frequency place is remained on can be in the scope of tunable matching network 908 Proper Matchs simultaneously.This unexpected frequency can be harmonic wave or interference.Can be for example can operating parameter based on what gather from detector 903 and/or the directional coupler with forward detection device 906 and inverse detection device 907 between matching network 908 and transceiver 909 905, with closed-loop fashion, to matching network 908, carry out tuning.

In another embodiment shown in Figure 10, communication equipment 1000 comprises for based on frequency and/or service condition, with open loop approach, antenna 1001 is carried out to tuning tuned element 1002.Can regulate tuned element 1002, make antenna VSWR can be in the scope of tunable matching network 1008 Proper Matchs, and tuning obstruction or the decay that can maximize unexpected frequency place on antenna, the VSWR at fundamental frequency place is remained on can be in the scope of tunable matching network 1008 Proper Matchs simultaneously.Can be tuning based on tunable matching network being carried out from the tolerance of detector 1003 collections, and do not need to use the measurement from any measuring equipment between matching network and transceiver 1009.

In another embodiment shown in Figure 11, communication equipment 1100 comprises for antenna 1101 being carried out tuning and also with closed-loop fashion, matching network 1108 carried out to tuning tuned element 1102 with closed-loop fashion.The directional coupler 1105 with forward detection device 1106 and inverse detection device 1107 can be connected between matching network 1108 and transceiver 1109, for obtaining the tuning operating parameter of closed loop for executive component 1102 and matching network 1108.In the present embodiment, can carry out tuning and need to not obtain and measure from the measurement assembly of adjacent antennas.

In another embodiment shown in Figure 12, communication equipment 1200 comprises for based on the RF voltage presenting at detector 1203 is remained on to the preset range relevant with transmitting power, with closed-loop fashion, antenna 1201 is carried out to tuning tuned element 1202.This can be based upon antenna impedance that can be in the scope of tunable matching network 1208 Proper Matchs.Can with closed-loop fashion, to matching network 1208, carry out based on operating parameter tuningly, this operating parameter is to use having with the equipment 1200 forward detection devices 1206 of coupling and the directional coupler of inverse detection device 1,207 1205 between matching network and transceiver 1209 to obtain.

In another embodiment shown in Figure 13, communication equipment 1300 comprises for the RF voltage based on obtaining at detector 1303 and for example, with closed-loop fashion (, RF voltage being remained in the preset range relevant with transmitting power) antenna 1301 is carried out to tuning tuned element 1302.The operating parameter that can obtain based on use detector 1303 carries out tuning to matching network 1308 with closed-loop fashion, and need to not obtain and measure from any measurement assembly of coupling between matching network 1308 and transceiver 1209.

In another embodiment shown in Figure 14, communication equipment 1400 comprises tuned element 1402, this tuned element 1402, for being placed in preset range by use being had to the antenna VSWR of directional coupler 1410 detections of forward detection device 1411 and inverse detection device 1412, carries out tuning with closed-loop fashion to this antenna 1401.This by be based upon then can be in the scope of tunable matching network 1408 Proper Matchs antenna VSWR.In the tolerance interval of antenna VSWR, can use the tuning preference for element on antenna 1402 to make this solution biasing, to reach the second criterion.Can in Rx frequency and/or based on realizing linearisation, carry out the coupling for element 1402.Can with closed-loop fashion, to matching network 1408, carry out based on operating parameter tuningly, this operating parameter is to obtain from the directional coupler with forward detection device 1406 and inverse detection device 1,407 1405 between matching network and transceiver 1409.

In another embodiment shown in Figure 15, communication equipment 1500 comprises tuned element 1502, this tuned element 1502, for being placed in preset range by use being had to the antenna VSWR of directional coupler 1510 detections of forward detection device 1511 and inverse detection device 1512, carries out tuning with closed-loop fashion to this antenna 1501.This by be based upon then can be in the scope of tunable matching network 1508 Proper Matchs antenna VSWR.In the tolerance interval of antenna VSWR, can use the tuning preference for tuned element on antenna 1502 to make this solution biasing, to reach the second criterion.Can in Rx frequency and/or based on realizing linearisation, carry out the coupling for element 1502.Can be based on using the operating parameter obtaining near the detector 1503 of coupling antenna 1501, with closed-loop fashion, matching network 1508 is carried out tuningly, and need to not obtain measurement from any measurement assembly between matching network and transceiver 1509.

In another embodiment shown in Figure 16, communication equipment 1600 comprises for antenna 1601 is carried out to tuning tuned element 1602 and tuned element 1610.Tuned element 1602 can major effect LB radiant body, and the HB radiant body that tuned element 1610 can major effect antenna 1601.Can, based on frequency and/or service condition, with open loop approach, tuned element 1602 be regulated.Can regulate tuned element 1602, make according to the definite antenna VSWR of the tolerance of detector 1603 can be in the scope of tunable matching network 1608 Proper Matchs.Can to tuned element 1602, regulate with open loop approach, to maximize obstruction or the decay at unexpected frequency place, the VSWR at fundamental frequency place is remained on can be in the scope of tunable matching network 1608 Proper Matchs simultaneously.It is unexpected that frequency can be the harmonic wave in high frequency band for example, and base (TX & RX) frequently can be in low-frequency band.Can use operating parameter with closed-loop fashion, matching network 1608 to be carried out tuning, this operating parameter is to obtain from the directional coupler with forward detection device 1606 and inverse detection device 1,607 1605 of coupling between matching network and transceiver 1609.

Another embodiment provides and has carried out tuning to one or more in the antenna of communication equipment.In multiaerial system, the aerial efficiency that maximizes simply all antennas may not can reach the best overall performance of communication system.Isolation in less mobile phone between antenna or to go association can be the key parameter that limits overall performance.Consider that the efficiency of two antennas and the control method of isolating between them are useful.For example, in antenna diversity system, can carry out antenna tuningly, to reduce the coupling between antenna, and not reduce the efficiency of arbitrary antenna, or to minimally lower efficiency, overall system performance is strengthened.Therefore,, even for the nearer antenna of spacing in hand-held mobile application, although antenna is very near, it is minimum that coupling can keep.Can also other parameters except antenna cross-couplings be optimized, for example, with the overall performance of raising system (can have the mimo system of a plurality of output antennas and a plurality of input aerials) simultaneously.

Figure 17 shows the illustrative methods 1700 operating in the part of the equipment of one or more Fig. 1-16.Method 1700 can with together with the communication equipment (comprising multi-antenna) of various configurations, use.Method 1700 can, from step 1702, detect one or more parameter (for example, measuring by use the parameter being associated with transmitting that assembly (comprising detector and/or directional coupler) obtains) of communication equipment.Quantity and the position of measuring assembly can change, and can be near antenna and/or between matching network and transceiver.

In step 1704, can determine whether to exist tuned cell on a plurality of antennas.If there is more than one this tuned cell,, in step 1706, can, based on expectation VSWR, to the tuned cell being associated with LB radiant element, carry out tuning.In step 1708, can for example, based on different factors (, the obstruction of unexpected frequency or decay), to the tuned cell being associated with HB radiant element, carry out tuning.If on the other hand, only exist tuned cell on an antenna and/or this tuned cell to be only connected with one of the LB of antenna or HB radiant element, method 1700 can proceed to step 1710, uses open loop and/or closed-loop process to carry out tuning to tuned cell on antenna.Open loop processing can be determined with various factors tuning, comprises service condition, frequency of operation, approaches information accelerometer/positional information etc.Closed-loop process can be determined with various factors tuning, comprises RF voltage, return loss, received power, current drain or linear transmitter degree.

In step 1712, can use matching network to carry out tuning.The tuning of matching network can be open loop processing and/or closed-loop process, comprise use above about with can carry out one or more factor that tuning open loop processing and closed-loop process are described to tuned cell on antenna.Using matching network to carry out the tuning time can change, comprise with antenna on the tuning of tuned cell carry out simultaneously, execution before tuned cell tuning after tuned cell tuning and/or on to antenna on to antenna.Method 1700 can be that tuned cell on antenna and/or matching network are carried out to tuning iterative processing.

In one embodiment, can carry out the tuning of matching network in conjunction with example look-up table as shown in figure 18.For example, can be with one or more expected performance feature of the formal definition communication equipment 100 of quality factor (FOM), communication equipment can be adapted to: by scanning Mathematical Modeling with fine increments, find the tuning state scope that realizes expectation FOM, to find the global optimum's performance about expectation FOM.In one embodiment, can be according to frequency band and/or service condition, (for example, the controller 106 of the communication equipment 100 by Fig. 1) carries out index to look-up table 1800 during operation.

According to foregoing description, those of ordinary skills be it is evident that: under the prerequisite of scope and spirit that does not depart from following claim, can to above-described embodiment, modify, simplify or strengthen.For example, detector 830 can comprise the directional coupler for diversity antenna, for compensating the band external impedance of Rx filter, this can create very high standing wave with external impedance on feeder line, and point of zero voltage is placed in to the unpredictable position (being included in the bottom of antenna) on line.

In another embodiment, can be by the combination of open loop processing and closed-loop process tuning for one or more tuned element of antenna and/or matching network.For example, operating parameter that can be based on communication system, part is used closed-loop process, and service condition and/or positional information that can be based on communication equipment, and part is used open loop to process, and to the tuned element of antenna, carries out tuning.In another embodiment, the use that closed-loop process and open loop are processed can be alternately or be otherwise arranged to and be applied to specific tuned element, for example first apply open loop and process but then apply closed-loop process, comprise that the operating parameter based on communication equipment is switched to closed loop from open loop.In another embodiment, for example the service condition based on providing in look-up table and/or the positional information based on being associated with this communication equipment, completely or partially used open loop to process, and to this matching network, carries out tuning.

Exemplary embodiment can be for example on antenna tuned element and/or at matching network place, use the tuning processing of open loop.Service condition can comprise different situations or the state being associated from communication equipment, for example, open, closed, (for example slip into, skid off, Qwerty keypad or numeric keypad), speaker-phone leaves, speaker-phone pass, hands-free operation, antenna upward, antenna down, other communication patterns open or close (for example, bluetooth/WiFi/GPS), special frequency band and/or transmission or receiving mode.Service condition can for example, based on object or surperficial proximity detection (, user's hand or desk).Open loop can comprise other environmental impacts in processing, for example, and temperature, pressure, speed and/or effect of altitude.Open loop is processed and for example can be considered other information of for example, being associated with ad-hoc location (, in building or in the city being surrounded by building) and the indication outside scope.This exemplary embodiment can be used the combination of open loop processing and closed-loop process, for example for example, based on service condition and measured operating parameter operating parameter detectors measure and/or that measured by the directional coupler between matching network and transceiver of adjacent antennas (, by), to tuned element, carry out tuning.In other words, tuningly can use one to process and be then switched to another and process, the specific factor based on being associated with this communication equipment for example, is used that closed loop is tuning and to be then switched to open loop tuning.Service condition can be based on to following information understanding: transmitter power level setting and receiver received signal strength, current drain, accelerometer direction/orientation, and for example, in equipment (, mobile phone, panel computer or other Wireless Telecom Equipments) any other information of obtainable indication operator scheme or service condition.

In one embodiment, low-frequency band (LB) radiant element can be used with high frequency band (HB) radiant element together with antenna, wherein, the voltage standing wave ratio of the expectation based on being associated with antenna (VSWR), to at least one tuned element being associated with LB radiant element, carry out tuning, and based on different performance tolerance, at least another tuned element being associated with HB radiant element, carry out tuning.Different performance tolerance can be based on unexpected frequency decay.As example, unexpected frequency can be harmonic frequency or can be associated with interference.

Herein can also be about the tuning use of other tuned elements about tuning described method and/or the assembly of a tuned element.For example, tuning for what matching network is carried out to tuning derivative information can be for to tuned element on antenna.

Other suitable modifications also can be applied in the disclosure.Therefore, for comprehend width of the present disclosure and scope, by guide for readers claim.

The exemplary patterns that Figure 19 shows machine with the form of computer system 1900 represents, wherein, instruction set (when carrying out) can make machine carry out any one or more method discussed above.In certain embodiments, machine operation is autonomous device.In certain embodiments, machine can (use network) and is connected with other machines.In networked deployment, under the server that machine can be in client-server user network environment or the ability of client user's machine, operate, or operate as the peer machines in equity (or distributed) network environment.

Machine can comprise server computer, client user's computer, personal computer (PC), dull and stereotyped PC, laptop computer, desktop computer, control system, network router, switch or bridger or can (sequentially or otherwise) carry out any machine of specifying the instruction set that will be moved by machine.To understand, equipment of the present disclosure comprises any electronic equipment that voice, video or data communication are provided widely.In addition, although show individual machine, term " machine " is also understood to include the arbitrary collection of machine, and it carries out one or more instruction set independently or in combination, to carry out one or more method of discussing herein.

Computer system 1900 can comprise processor 1902 (CPU (CPU) for example, intercoming mutually via bus 1908, Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), CPU (CPU) and Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), main storage 1904 and static memory 1906).Computer system 1900 can also comprise video display unit 1910 (for example, liquid crystal display (LCD), flat board, solid state display or cathode ray tube (CRT)).Computer system 1900 (for example can comprise input equipment 1912, keyboard), cursor control device 1914 (for example, mouse), disk drive unit 1916, signal generating apparatus 1918 (for example, loud speaker or Long-distance Control) and Network Interface Unit 1920.

Disk drive unit 1916 can comprise machine readable media 1922, at machine readable media 1922, stored one or more instruction set (for example, software 1924) of realizing any one or more method described herein or function (comprising those methods of above describing).During computer system 1900 is carried out instructions 1924, instruction 1924 can (fully or at least in part) resides in main storage 1904, static memory 1906 and/or in processor 1902.Main storage 1904 and processor 1902 also can form machine readable media.

Specialized hardware is realized other hardware devices that include, but is not limited to application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), programmable gate array and be fabricated equally to realize method described herein.What can comprise the device of various embodiment and system comprises various electronics and computer system with being widely used.Some embodiment, in two or more specific interconnected hardware modules or equipment or as the part practical function of application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), wherein, transmit relevant controling and data signal between module and by module.Therefore, example system is applicable to software, firmware and hardware realization.

According to various embodiment of the present disclosure, method described herein is intended to the operation as the software program moving on computer processor.In addition, software is realized and can be included, but is not limited to: distributed treatment or component/object distributed treatment, parallel processing maybe can be fabricated to realize the virtual machine of describing method herein and process.

Disclosure expection machine readable media, this machine readable media include instruction 1924 or receive and carry out instruction 1924 from transmitting signal, make the equipment being connected with network environment 1926 can send or receive voice, video or data, and use instruction 1924 to communicate by network 1926.Can also by network 1926, send or receive instruction 1924 via Network Interface Unit 1920.

Although in example embodiment, machine readable media 1922 is depicted as single medium, term " machine readable media " is understood to include single medium or a plurality of medium (for example, concentrated or distributed data base and/or the high-speed cache being associated and server) of one or more instruction set of storage.Term " machine readable media " is also understood to include the arbitrary medium that can store, encode or carry the instruction set of carrying out for machine, and makes machine carry out the arbitrary medium of any one or more methods of the present disclosure.

Therefore, term " machine readable media " is understood to include (but being not limited to): solid-state memory (for example, one or more read-only (non-volatile) memory, random access memory are housed or other can rewrite storage card or other encapsulation of (volatibility) memory); Magneto-optic or optical medium (for example, disk or tape); And/or the set (being counted as the distributed medium being equal to tangible storage medium) of the digital file attachment of Email or other self-contained archival of information files or history file.Therefore, the disclosure is considered and comprises machine readable media that the software stored is herein realized or one or more in distributed medium, and this medium comprises equivalent or the follow-up medium of listing and comprise this area identification herein.

Although this specification with reference to specific criteria and protocol description assembly and the function realizing in embodiment, the disclosure is not limited to these standards and agreement.For example, for each standard in the standard (, TCP/IP, UDP/IP, HTML, HTTP) of internet and other packet switched network transmission, represented the example of prior art.These standards are had termly the faster or more effective equivalent of identical function in fact and are replaced.Therefore the alternate standard and the agreement that, have an identical function are counted as equivalent.

The signal of embodiment described herein is intended to provide the general understanding to the structure of various embodiment, and they are not intended to serve as the complete description that can utilize the device of structure described herein and all unit of system and feature.After running through description above, much other embodiment will be obvious for a person skilled in the art.Can utilize above and describe and derive other embodiment, make do not departing under the prerequisite of the scope of the present disclosure, can make structure and replacement in logic and change.Accompanying drawing is only representational, and is not drawn to scale.Specific part in accompanying drawing may be exaggerated, and other parts may be minimized.Therefore, specification and accompanying drawing are counted as schematic rather than restrictive.

These embodiment of theme of the present invention are referred to by term " invention " individually and/or uniformly, it is only for convenient, rather than be intended to automatically the application's scope is restricted to any single invention or inventive concepts, as in fact more than words that embodiment is disclosed.Therefore,, although shown and described specific embodiment herein, be to be understood that: calculate for realizing any layout of identical object and can substitute the specific embodiment illustrating.The disclosure is intended to cover any and all reorganizations and the variant of various embodiment.After running through description above, the combination of above-described embodiment and herein not specifically described other embodiment will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

Summary of the present disclosure is appreciated that it will not be used to explain or limit scope or the implication of claim.In addition, in above-detailed, can see, in order to make disclosure methodization, various features are integrated in single embodiment.Method of the present disclosure can not be interpreted as reflecting following intention: the feature of the embodiment declaring need to be than the more feature of feature of clearly narrating in every claim.Yet as the following claims reflect, invention theme has the feature fewer than all features of single disclosed embodiment.Therefore, following claim is merged in detailed description, and each claim independently exists as independent claimed theme.

Claims

1. a tuning system, for having the communication equipment of antenna, described tuning system comprises:

At least one first tuned element, is connected with at least one radiant element of described antenna, and tuning for described antenna is carried out, wherein, the adjusting of described at least one the first tuned element comprises closed-loop process; And

Matching network, has at least one second tuned element in the feedback point coupling of described antenna, for the operating parameter based on described communication equipment, to described matching network, carries out tuning.

2. tuning system according to claim 1, wherein, at least a portion of described at least one first tuned element and described at least one the second tuned element is electric tunable capacitor, and described operating parameter comprises at least one in power output, return loss, received power, current drain or linear transmitter degree.

3. tuning system according to claim 1, wherein, described operating parameter is to use the directional coupler connecting between the antenna of described communication equipment and transceiver to obtain.

4. tuning system according to claim 1, wherein, described operating parameter is that the transceiver at described communication equipment carries out obtaining between transmission period.

5. tuning system according to claim 1, be included in the detector being coupled between described antenna and described matching network, wherein, described operating parameter is to use described detector to obtain, and without use the measurement assembly being coupled between the matching network of described communication equipment and transceiver.

6. tuning system according to claim 5, wherein, the tolerance of the adjusting of described at least one the first tuned element based on obtaining from described detector.

7. tuning system according to claim 1, wherein, described operating parameter is to use the directional coupler being coupled between described matching network and transceiver to obtain, the adjusting of the adjusting of described at least one the first tuned element and described at least one the second tuned element is based on described operating parameter, and without obtaining and measure from being positioned near measurement assembly described antenna.

8. tuning system according to claim 1, comprising:

First measures assembly, is coupling between described matching network and transceiver, for obtaining the operating parameter of described communication equipment; And

Second measures assembly, be coupling between described antenna and described matching network, for obtaining another operating parameter being associated with the transmitting power of described communication equipment, wherein, the adjusting of described at least one the first tuned element is based on described another operating parameter.

9. tuning system according to claim 8, wherein, described first to measure assembly be directional coupler.

10. tuning system according to claim 8, wherein, the different disposal of using while using at least one second radiant element of the tuning described antenna being associated with second frequency scope, carries out tuning at least one first radiant element of the described antenna being associated with first frequency scope.

11. tuning systems according to claim 10, wherein, described at least one first radiant element is to process and carry out tuning high frequency band radiant element based on open loop.

12. tuning systems according to claim 8, wherein, it is directional coupler that described the first measurement assembly and described second is measured assembly.

13. tuning systems according to claim 1, are included in the detector and the directional coupler that between described antenna and described matching network, are coupled, and wherein, described operating parameter obtains from described detector.

14. tuning systems according to claim 13, wherein, are used described directional coupler to obtain the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) being associated with described antenna, and regulate described at least one first tuned element based on described VSWR.

15. tuning systems according to claim 1, wherein, described at least one first tuned element is placed on the substrate with inductor and ground connection, and described at least one first tuned element is coupled via single Elastic Contact and described at least one radiant element.

16. 1 kinds of methods, comprising:

By the tolerance based on measured, regulate at least one first radiant element of the communication equipment being connected with at least one radiant element of antenna, utilize the measured tolerance being associated with described antenna, to the described antenna of described communication equipment, carry out tuning; And

At least one second tuned element by adjusting with the matching network of the feedback point coupling of described antenna, carries out tuning to the matching network of described communication equipment.

17. methods according to claim 16, wherein, the derivative information that in described antenna and described matching network, the tuning detection RF voltage based on described communication equipment of at least one is associated.

18. 1 kinds of tuning systems, for having the communication equipment of antenna, described antenna has the first radiant element being associated with first frequency scope and the second radiant element being associated with second frequency scope, and described tuning system comprises:

A plurality of the first tuned elements, wherein, the first performance parameter based on being associated with described antenna, to at least one first tuned element being associated with described the first radiant element in a plurality of the first tuned elements, carry out tuning, and, different performance parameter based on regulating the transmitt or receive signal of described communication equipment, carries out tuning at least another first tuned element being associated with described the second radiant element in a plurality of the first tuned elements.

19. tuning systems according to claim 18, comprise the matching network with at least one the second tuned element, and described at least one second tuned element is coupling in the feedback point of the described antenna being conditioned, for carrying out tuning to described matching network.

20. tuning systems according to claim 18, wherein, described first frequency scope comprises the frequency of operation of described communication equipment.

21. tuning systems according to claim 18, wherein, described the first performance parameter is associated with the aerial voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR) of expectation.

22. tuning systems according to claim 18, wherein, the decay of described different performance parameter based on harmonic frequency.

23. tuning systems according to claim 18, wherein, the decay of the unexpected frequency of described different performance parameter based on being associated with interference.

24. tuning systems according to claim 18, wherein, described the first radiant element is low-frequency band radiant element, described the second radiant element is high frequency band radiant element.

25. tuning systems according to claim 18, wherein, the adjusting of described at least one the second tuned element comprises the closed-loop process of the operating parameter of the communication equipment based on measured.

26. tuning systems according to claim 18, wherein, at least a portion of described a plurality of the first tuned elements and at least one the second tuned element is electric tunable capacitor.

27. 1 kinds of tuning systems, for having the communication equipment of antenna, described tuning system comprises:

At least one first tuned element, is connected with at least one radiant element of described antenna, and tuning for described antenna is carried out, wherein, the adjusting of described at least one the first tuned element comprises the first closed-loop process; And

Matching network, has at least one second tuned element in the feedback point coupling of described antenna, for based on the second closed-loop process, to described matching network, carries out tuning.

28. tuning systems according to claim 27, wherein, described the first closed-loop process and described the second closed-loop process are iterative processings, and described the first closed-loop process and described the second closed-loop process are all utilized at least one measured operation tolerance of described communication equipment.

29. 1 kinds of tuning systems, for having the communication equipment of antenna, described tuning system comprises:

At least one first tuned element, is connected with at least one radiant element of described antenna, for carrying out tuning to described antenna; And

Matching network, there is at least one second tuned element in the feedback point coupling of described antenna, wherein, use closed loop iterative processing, one or more measured tolerance based on described communication equipment, regulates described at least one first tuned element and described at least one second tuned element.

30. 1 kinds of mobile communication equipments, comprising:

Antenna;

At least one first tuned element, is connected with at least one radiant element of described antenna, tuning for described antenna is carried out, wherein, and the service condition to the adjusting of described at least one the first tuned element based on being associated with described mobile communication equipment; And

Matching network, has at least one second tuned element with the feedback point coupling of described antenna, and wherein, described matching network receives the control signal for described at least one second tuned element is regulated, to carry out tuning to described matching network.

31. mobile communication equipments according to claim 30, wherein, are stored in for the tuner parameters of described service condition in the look-up table in the memory of described mobile communication equipment.

32. mobile communication equipments according to claim 30, wherein, described service condition comprises earpiece speaker state, speaker-phone state, wears at least one in receiver-transmitter state or slider state.

33. mobile communication equipments according to claim 30, wherein, described service condition comprises the positional information of at least one acquisition from the accelerometer of described mobile communication equipment or proximity detector.

34. mobile communication equipments according to claim 30, wherein, the measurement of the operating parameter of the adjusting of described at least one the second tuned element based on described mobile communication equipment.

35. mobile communication equipments according to claim 34, wherein, described operating parameter comprises at least one in power output, return loss, received power, current drain or linear transmitter degree.

36. mobile communication equipments according to claim 34, wherein, described operating parameter is to use the directional coupler connecting between the antenna of described mobile communication equipment and transceiver to obtain.

37. mobile communication equipments according to claim 34, wherein, described operating parameter is that the transceiver at described mobile communication equipment carries out obtaining between transmission period.

38. mobile communication equipments according to claim 34, wherein, described operating parameter is to use the detector be coupled between described antenna and described matching network to obtain, and without use the measurement assembly being coupled between the matching network of described mobile communication equipment and transceiver.

39. mobile communication equipments according to claim 34, wherein, described operating parameter is to use the directional coupler being coupled between the matching network of described mobile communication equipment and transceiver to obtain.

40. mobile communication equipments according to claim 30, wherein, the adjusting of at least one of described matching network the second tuned element comprises closed-loop process; Described at least one first tuned element is a plurality of the first tuned elements; Described at least one radiant element comprises the first radiant element being associated with first frequency scope and the second radiant element being associated with second frequency scope; Expectation voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) based on being associated with described antenna, carries out tuning at least one first tuned element being associated with described the first radiant element in a plurality of the first tuned elements; And, based on different performance tolerance, at least another first tuned element being associated with described the second radiant element in a plurality of the first tuned elements, carry out tuning.

41. according to the mobile communication equipment described in claim 40, wherein, and the decay of described different performance tolerance based on unexpected frequency.

42. according to the mobile communication equipment described in claim 41, and wherein, described unexpected frequency is harmonic frequency.

43. according to the mobile communication equipment described in claim 41, and wherein, described unexpected frequency is associated with interference.

44. according to the mobile communication equipment described in claim 40, wherein, the first tolerance that near detector based on from being coupled antenna obtains, regulate at least a portion of described a plurality of the first tuned elements, and second tolerance of the adjusting of described at least one the second tuned element based on obtaining from directional coupler.

45. mobile communication equipments according to claim 30, wherein, in described matching network, the adjusting of at least one the second tuned element comprises closed-loop process; Described at least one first tuned element is a plurality of the first tuned elements; Described at least one radiant element comprises low-frequency band (LB) radiant element and high frequency band (HB) radiant element; Expectation voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) based on being associated with described antenna, carries out tuning at least one first tuned element being associated with described LB radiant element in a plurality of the first tuned elements; And, based on different performance tolerance, at least another first tuned element being associated with described HB radiant element in a plurality of the first tuned elements, carry out tuning.

46. according to the mobile communication equipment described in claim 45, wherein, the decay of described different performance tolerance based on unexpected frequency, and described unexpected frequency is associated with one of harmonic frequency and interference.

47. mobile communication equipments according to claim 30, wherein, the derivative information of the adjusting of described at least one the second tuned element based on being associated with the RF voltage that detects of described mobile communication equipment.

48. mobile communication equipments according to claim 30, wherein, at least a portion of described at least one first tuned element and at least one the second tuned element is electric tunable capacitor.

49. mobile communication equipments according to claim 30, wherein, use the processing different from processing the high frequency band of described antenna (HB) radiant element being carried out use when tuning, to the low-frequency band of described antenna (LB) radiant element, carry out tuning.

50. according to the mobile communication equipment described in claim 49, wherein, based on open loop, processes in described HB radiant element, one or more carries out tuning.

51. 1 kinds of methods, comprising:

By at least one first tuned element of the communication equipment being connected with at least one radiant element of antenna is regulated, to the antenna of described communication equipment, carry out tuning, wherein, the service condition based on being associated with described communication equipment to the adjusting of described at least one the first tuned element; And

At least one second tuned element by the matching network that is coupled between the antenna at described communication equipment and transceiver regulates, to the matching network of described communication equipment, carry out tuning, wherein, the closed-loop process that the adjusting of described the second tuned element is comprised the operating parameter based on described communication equipment.

52. according to the method described in claim 51, wherein, tuner parameters for the service condition being associated with described communication equipment is stored in the look-up table of described communication equipment, and described service condition comprises earpiece speaker state, speaker-phone state, wears at least one in receiver-transmitter state or slider state.

53. according to the method described in claim 51, comprise: use the detector being coupled between described antenna and described matching network, obtain the operating parameter of described communication equipment, and without use the measurement assembly being coupled between described matching network and described transceiver.

54. according to the method described in claim 51, comprise: use the directional coupler being coupled between described matching network and described transceiver, obtain the operating parameter of described communication equipment, and without use the measurement assembly being coupled between described antenna and described matching network.

55. according to the method described in claim 51, wherein, described at least one first tuned element is a plurality of the first tuned elements, described at least one tuned element comprises the first radiant element being associated with first frequency scope, and the second radiant element being associated with second frequency scope, and comprise:

Based on the first performance metric, at least one first tuned element being associated with described the first radiant element in a plurality of the first tuned elements, carry out tuning; And

The second performance metric based on different from described the first performance metric, carries out tuning at least another first tuned element being associated with described the second radiant element in a plurality of the first tuned elements.

56. according to the method described in claim 55, wherein, and the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the expectation of described the first performance metric based on being associated with described antenna.

57. according to the method described in claim 56, and wherein, described the first radiant element is low-frequency band radiant element, and described the second radiant element is high frequency band radiant element.