CN103994785B - A kind of grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array and method for sensing - Google Patents
A kind of grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array and method for sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103994785B CN103994785B CN201410232267.3A CN201410232267A CN103994785B CN 103994785 B CN103994785 B CN 103994785B CN 201410232267 A CN201410232267 A CN 201410232267A CN 103994785 B CN103994785 B CN 103994785B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array and method for sensing, by controlling the pulse width of input optical pulse, make the persistent period of light pulse more than the time span of luminous reflectance between adjacent two gratings in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, front and back adjacent fiber optical grating reflection light interferes, interference signal is inquired about by system accurately, complete the addressing to weak optical fiber Bragg grating array and monitoring, it is achieved the real-time monitoring to outside disturbing signal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fields of sensing technique monitoring, be specifically related to a kind of grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array and method.
Background technology
Fibre Optical Sensor has light weight, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, electromagnetism interference, the on-the-spot advantage such as passive, can be operated in the environment that the common people such as High Temperature High Pressure, fire cannot arrive, have broader practice prospect than traditional electrical sensor.
The method that matched fiber grating used in optical fiber grating sensing monitoring technology compares demarcation with sensing grating at present, this method is limited by technique difference in the actual manufacture of matched FBG and sensing grating, crosstalk noise between fiber-optic grating sensor is bigger, additionally, sensing network is complicated, and system cost is expensive.Other are connected method into the net by low light level grid simultaneously, and network size is limited by optical grating reflection rate, but low light level grid reflectance is crossed and weak transducing signal can be caused again strong, and detection and demodulation to signal cause great difficulty.In sum, present in existing fiber grating sensing network technology, crosstalk noise between fiber-optic grating sensor is relatively big, the complicated network structure, shortcoming that system cost is expensive, limit the development of sensing network scale.
Summary of the invention
For solving present in existing fiber grating sensing network technology that crosstalk noise between fiber-optic grating sensor is relatively big, the complicated network structure, shortcoming that system cost is expensive, the present invention provides a kind of grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, realize improving signal to noise ratio between fiber-optic grating sensor, simplify sensing network structure, reduce the purpose of cost.
In order to reach foregoing invention purpose, the present invention takes techniques below scheme:
A kind of grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array is provided, including,
Light source module, is used for providing coherent pulse light, and its pulse width is longer than in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array between adjacent two fiber gratings and reflects required time；Weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, receives the coherent pulse light that sends of light source module, interferes in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array between reflection light between adjacent two fiber gratings；Photodetector, is placed in the outfan of weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, detects this interference signal and is sent to controller；Controller, is connected with photodetector, is used for gathering this interference signal, and inquires about the fiber-optic grating sensor part producing this interference signal.
Described weak optical fiber Bragg grating array is Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array.
Described light source module includes the light source sending coherent laser, and the photoswitch arranged after described light source, the pulse generator in described controller send electricity clock signal, and pulse generator is connected with photoswitch, is controlled photoswitch.Described light source is Single wavelength coherent laser light source or multi-wavelength coherent laser light source.
For coherent pulse light is amplified, image intensifer is set between described photoswitch and described weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, the coherent pulse light before entering weak optical fiber Bragg grating array is amplified.
3 port photocirculators it are additionally provided with between described image intensifer and weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, the outfan of described image intensifer connects 1 port of optical circulator, 2 ports of optical circulator connect weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, and 3 ports of optical circulator connect described photodetector.
Being additionally provided with low pass filter between described photodetector outfan and the input of described controller, the outfan of photodetector is connected with the input of low pass filter, and the outfan of low pass filter is connected with the input of controller.
Controller is additionally provided with digital-to-analogue capture card, the signal of telecommunication is acquired.
Present invention grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array principle is: coherent source is modulated to coherent pulse light after photoswitch, and the electric clock signal that photoswitch is sent by pulse generator is controlled, and pulse generator is controlled by described controller.nullCoherent pulse after photoswitch is amplified by image intensifer，1 port subsequently into optical circulator，The optical signal entered from 1 port，By 2 port outputs of optical circulator，Input weak optical fiber Bragg grating array，After optical signal carries out reflecting interference between each adjacent 2 fiber gratings in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array，Interference signal is from 3 port outputs of optical circulator，Enter photodetector，Optical signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication，The outfan of photodetector connects the input of low pass filter，After being low pass filtering device filtering，Signal enters controller，Described signal is gathered by the digital-to-analogue capture card in controller，And process，The fiber-optic grating sensor part producing this interference signal is inquired about，Specifically by the interference signal gathering different time，Optical fiber optical grating array senser element is carried out address lookup and the inquiry of optical wavelength information.
The present invention also provides for a kind of sensor monitoring method based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, including:
The pulse width of the coherent pulse light incided in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array is controlled, makes this pulse width be longer than light between adjacent two fiber gratings, reflect required time；Interfering between the reflection light of adjacent two fiber gratings, this interference signal is sent to controller by photodetector；Controller gathers this interference signal, and inquires about the fiber-optic grating sensor part producing this interference signal.
As need to be i-th and i+1 fiber grating interference signal inquired about, the acquisition time is i.e. needed to beReflection interference of light signal, wherein Δ LiIt it is the spacing between i-th grating and i+1 grating.This interference signal includes former and later two adjacent fiber optical grating reflection interference of light signals, and being processed by follow-up data can be with the change of the ambient parameter of analyte sensors institute perception.
Wherein modulate the coherent pulse light obtained through photoswitch, the pulse width of i-th light pulse should be: ti≥2ΔLi·neff/ c, wherein in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, the spacing of i-th grating and i+1 adjacent gratings is Δ Li, neffFor the effective refractive index of optical fiber, c is the light velocity in vacuum.
Described fiber-optic grating sensor part is carried out inquiry specifically include, by gathering the interference signal of different time, optical fiber optical grating array senser element is carried out address lookup and the inquiry of optical wavelength information.
The invention have the benefit that realization improves signal to noise ratio between fiber-optic grating sensor, simplify sensing network structure, reduce the purpose of cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Understandable for enabling the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage to become apparent from, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in drawings, a kind of based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array the grating sensing monitoring device that the present invention provides, including, light source module, it is used for providing coherent pulse light, its pulse width is longer than in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array and reflects required time between adjacent two fiber gratings；Weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, receives the coherent pulse light that sends of light source module, interferes in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array between reflection light between adjacent two fiber gratings；Photodetector, is placed in the outfan of weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, detects this interference signal and is sent to controller；Controller, is connected with photodetector, is used for gathering this interference signal, and inquires about the fiber-optic grating sensor part producing this interference signal.
Described weak optical fiber Bragg grating array is Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array.In the embodiment of the present invention, low light level grid array is made up of multiple Fiber Bragg Gratings with extremely low reflectance, and wherein the reflectance of grating is in 0.1～1 ‰ magnitudes, and wave-length coverage is in the wave-length coverage of light source.
Described light source module includes the light source sending coherent laser, and the photoswitch arranged after described light source, the pulse generator in described controller send electricity clock signal, and pulse generator is connected with photoswitch, is controlled photoswitch.Described light source is Single wavelength coherent laser light source or multi-wavelength coherent laser light source.In the embodiment of the present invention, light source uses relevant comb-type light source.
In the embodiment of the present invention, photoswitch uses SOA photoswitch.Photoswitch based on AOM or photoswitch based on EAM or EOM photoswitch can also be used.Photoswitch is under control of the controller, controls the time span of input optical pulse so that the persistent period of light pulse, the reflected signal of the most adjacent two gratings is formed interfered more than the length of the reflection between adjacent two gratings.
For coherent pulse light is amplified, image intensifer is set between described photoswitch and described weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, the coherent pulse light before entering weak optical fiber Bragg grating array is amplified.
In the embodiment of the present invention, image intensifer uses erbium-doped fiber amplifier.Or the needs according to operation wavelength, it would however also be possible to employ PDFA Praseodymium Doped Fiber Amplifier, or realized by semiconductor optical amplifier.
3 port photocirculators it are additionally provided with between described image intensifer and weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, the outfan of described image intensifer connects 1 port of optical circulator, 2 ports of optical circulator connect weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, and 3 ports of optical circulator connect described photodetector.
Being additionally provided with low pass filter between described photodetector outfan and the input of described controller, the outfan of photodetector is connected with the input of low pass filter, and the outfan of low pass filter is connected with the input of controller.
Controller is additionally provided with digital-to-analogue capture card, the signal of telecommunication of photodetector output is acquired.
The present invention also provides for a kind of sensor monitoring method based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, including:
The pulse width of the coherent pulse light incided in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array is controlled, makes this pulse width be longer than light between adjacent two fiber gratings, reflect required time；Interfering between reflection light between adjacent two fiber gratings, this interference signal is sent to controller by photodetector；Controller gathers this interference signal, and inquires about the fiber-optic grating sensor part producing this interference signal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, low light level grid array is made up of multiple Fiber Bragg Gratings with extremely low reflectance, light source module includes the relevant comb-type light source sending continuous coherent light, and after described light source arrange photoswitch, electricity clock signal is sent by the pulse generator in described controller, being controlled photoswitch, photoswitch uses SOA photoswitch.Photoswitch is under control of the controller, controls the time span of input optical pulse so that the persistent period of light pulse, the reflected signal of the most adjacent two gratings is formed interfered more than the length of the reflection between adjacent two gratings of light.Between photoswitch and described weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, erbium-doped fiber amplifier is set, 3 ports light rings it are additionally provided with between image intensifer and weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, described image intensifer connects No. 1 port of optical circulator, No. 2 ports of optical circulator connect weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, and 3 ports of optical circulator connect described photodetector.It is additionally provided with low pass filter between the input of photodetector outfan and described control module.The signal that will be less than set frequency filters.Controller is provided with digital-to-analogue capture card, the signal of telecommunication of photodetector output is acquired.
Wherein modulate the coherent pulse light obtained through photoswitch, the pulse width of i-th light pulse should be: ti≥2ΔLi·neff/ c, wherein the spacing of the every adjacent gratings of weak optical fiber Bragg grating array is Δ Li, neffFor the effective refractive index of optical fiber, c is the light velocity in vacuum.
Described fiber-optic grating sensor part is carried out inquiry specifically include, by gathering the interference signal of different time, optical fiber optical grating array senser element is carried out address lookup and the inquiry of optical wavelength information.
The present invention provides a kind of grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array and method, by controlling the pulse width of input optical pulse, make the persistent period of light pulse more than the time span of luminous reflectance between adjacent two gratings in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, interfere between fl transmission light and reflection light between adjacent two fiber gratings, interference signal is inquired about by system accurately, complete the addressing to weak optical fiber Bragg grating array and monitoring, and then achieve signal to noise ratio between raising fiber-optic grating sensor, simplify sensing network structure, reduce the purpose of cost.
Claims (10)
1. a grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, it is characterised in that including:
Light source module, is used for providing coherent pulse light, and its pulse width is longer than adjacent two light in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array
Required time is reflected between fine grating；
Weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, receives the coherent pulse light that sends of light source module, in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array adjacent two
Interfere between reflection light between individual fiber grating；
Photodetector, is placed in the outfan of weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, detects this interference signal and is sent to controller；
Controller, is connected with photodetector, is used for gathering this interference signal, and to producing the light of this interference signal
Fiber grating sensor part is inquired about.
Grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array the most according to claim 1, its spy is, institute
Stating weak optical fiber Bragg grating array is Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array.
Grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described light source module includes the light source sending coherent laser, and the photoswitch arranged after described light source, by described
Pulse generator in controller sends electricity clock signal, and pulse generator is connected with photoswitch, enters photoswitch
Row controls.
Grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
Described light source is Single wavelength coherent laser light source or multi-wavelength coherent laser light source.
Grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
Also include image intensifer, be arranged between described photoswitch and described weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, to entering weak fiber
Coherent pulse light before grating array is amplified.
Grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
3 port photocirculators, described light amplification it is additionally provided with between described image intensifer and weak optical fiber Bragg grating array
The outfan of device connects 1 port of optical circulator, and 2 ports of optical circulator connect weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, light
3 ports of circulator connect described photodetector.
Grating sensing monitoring device based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
It is additionally provided with low pass filter, photoelectricity between described photodetector outfan and the input of described controller
The outfan of detector is connected with the input of low pass filter, the outfan of low pass filter and controller
Input is connected.
8. a sensor monitoring method based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, it is characterised in that including:
The pulse width of the coherent pulse light incided in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array is controlled, makes this pulse width long
Between arbitrary adjacent two fiber gratings, required time is reflected in light；
Interfering between reflection light between adjacent two fiber gratings, this interference signal passes through photodetector transmission
To controller；
Controller gathers this interference signal, and inquires about the fiber-optic grating sensor part producing this interference signal.
Sensor monitoring method based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that
Modulate the coherent pulse light obtained through photoswitch, the pulse width of i-th light pulse should be:
ti≥2ΔLi·neff/ c, wherein in weak optical fiber Bragg grating array, the spacing of i-th grating and i+1 grating is Δ Li,
neffFor the effective refractive index of optical fiber, c is the light velocity in vacuum.
Sensor monitoring method based on weak optical fiber Bragg grating array the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
Described fiber-optic grating sensor part is carried out inquiry specifically include, by gathering the interference signal of different time, right
Optical fiber optical grating array senser element carries out address lookup and the inquiry of optical wavelength information.
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