CN104018987A - Method for controlling yaw system of wind turbine - Google Patents
Method for controlling yaw system of wind turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN104018987A CN104018987A CN201410116746.9A CN201410116746A CN104018987A CN 104018987 A CN104018987 A CN 104018987A CN 201410116746 A CN201410116746 A CN 201410116746A CN 104018987 A CN104018987 A CN 104018987A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling a yaw system of a wind turbine. Starting constraint conditions are established based on a full life cycle cost theory and by comparing yaw comprehensive cost and predicting the unit capacity after yaw to judge yaw maneuver under different working conditions, the contradiction between the wind turbine capacity and the losses of the yaw maneuver is eliminated, the service life of a yaw system is prolonged, and the maximization of the comprehensive benefit of the full life cycle of the wind turbine is achieved. According to the method, the wind speed, the wind direction changing rate, the wind direction changing angles and other factors are taken into consideration comprehensively, and scientific judgment is carried out on whether the yaw maneuver is necessary or not from the point of view of the economic optimality of the full life cycle when threshold value control requirements are met by predicting the increased capacity after yaw and combining cost analysis of the yaw maneuver.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of wind power generation, relate in particular to a kind of controlling method of wind driven generator yaw system.
Background technique
Along with the aggravation of energy shortage problem, wind energy relies on its renewable, advantage such as wide and green non-pollution that distribute as novel energy, is just becoming fastest-rising green energy resource.Yaw system, as the distinctive servo-system of large-scale wind electricity unit, is the important component part of wind-powered electricity generation unit, and its ride quality quality is directly determining overall performance, wind field generating efficiency and the wind energy utilization efficiency of wind-powered electricity generation unit.
As natural product, wind energy has the features such as randomness and intermittence, and direction also is constantly occurring to change, and in wind-power electricity generation running, yaw system needs Fraquent start so that wind wheel remains on state windward as far as possible, improves wind energy utilization efficiency.But, in wind generating set yaw process, can produce the problems such as gyrostatic moment, and then cause the component vibrations such as pylon, blade, and then the Security of whole wind-power generating system is constituted a threat to, and the frequent movement of yaw system also can bring the problems such as driftage electric energy loss and Yaw assembly wearing and tearing.
The long-term frequent start-stop of yaw system can cause yaw system to cause damage with other fan parts associated with it; not only increased the weight of staff's hard work amount; and owing to needing unit to stop transport for a long time in fault generation, troubleshooting and Failure elimination process; produce great operation and maintenance cost and power generation loss; therefore the method research of yaw system optimization control can be avoided causing the loss that cannot retrieve preventive maintenance angle, is directly connected to generating efficiency and the wind energy utilization of wind power generating set.
Summary of the invention
For the defect of prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of controlling method that can reduce the wind driven generator yaw system of wind-powered electricity generation unit yaw system number of starts.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The controlling method that the invention provides a kind of wind driven generator yaw system, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: when wind direction changes, judge whether wind vector angle θ is less than blower fan limits of error angle θ
dmaxif, θ < θ
dmax, go to next step; Otherwise after making blower fan orderly closedown, carry out again yaw maneuver, then make blower fan normally start;
Step 2: judge whether θ exceeds the interval corresponding setting threshold angle θ of wind speed
d, as θ > θ
dtime, go to next step; Otherwise this θ changes without going off course;
Step 3: time lag T when the next wind direction of Prediction distance changes and the size of the wind speed in time lag T V, calculate the generated energy W under this predicted condition
optimize, the generated energy W after going off course
threshold valueand C
driftage cost, then according to result of calculation, judge whether this wind vector goes off course, if driftage goes to step 6; Otherwise go to next step;
Step 4: while not going off course, whether time lag T when the next wind direction of judging distance changes occurs to change for the second time, if described T occurs to change for the second time, this θ changes without going off course; Otherwise go to next step;
Step 5: judge whether wind direction changes in the time at T+ Δ t, wherein Δ t is for exceeding prediction wind vector spacing movement set time, if wind direction changes in the time at T+ Δ t, this θ changes without going off course; Otherwise go to next step;
Step 6: wind speed driftage time delay T
dyaw system starts operation, if gone off course, whole driftage process finishes; Otherwise yaw system restarts operation, until the whole driftage process of having gone off course.
In described step 3, if W
optimize+ C
driftage cost-W
threshold value< 0, and yaw motor carries out driftage process.
Before described step 1, yaw system is controlled to start and to wind constraint conditio is:
Wherein: ρ is air density; R is blade radius; V
tfor prediction of wind speed;
for blower fan transformation efficiency;
for fluctuation threshold value; C
vtfor wind speed V
tcorresponding power coefficient; θ is wind vector angle; T
sfor driftage time delay; T is the time lag between twice wind vector; (A+f (θ)) is driftage cost; F (θ) is and wind vector angle θ relative section.
The present invention compared with the existing technology, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
The present invention considers wind speed, wind vector rate, the factors such as wind vector angle, increase production capacity after going off course by prediction, and in conjunction with yaw maneuver cost analysis, from life cycle management economic optimum angle, to meeting when threshold value control requires, to yaw maneuver, whether necessity is carried out science judgment, particularly less at wind speed and wind vector is frequent, back and forth variation and yaw system and interacted system thereof easily break down etc. under situation wind direction among a small circle, yaw system optimal control method can effectively strengthen unit reply extreme wind to changing capability, avoid unnecessary yaw maneuver, reduce mechanical failure and the easy problems such as component wear that consume that frequent yaw maneuver brings, extend the associated mechanical assemblies life-span, reduce yaw system operation expense, improved running of wind generating set reliability, solved the contradiction between wind-powered electricity generation unit production capacity and yaw maneuver loss, to realize the maximization of wind-powered electricity generation unit life cycle management comprehensive benefit, its scale application can significantly improve the whole economic efficiency of wind field, and in preventive maintenance angle, avoid causing the loss that cannot retrieve, improve generating efficiency and the wind energy utilization of wind power generating set, can, in the situation that not reducing wind-powered electricity generation unit whole economic efficiency, reduce wind-powered electricity generation unit yaw system number of starts.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the controlling method flow chart of wind driven generator yaw system provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is input wind speed curve figure.
Fig. 3 is the angle variation diagram under the control of driftage threshold value.
Fig. 4 is the power stage figure under the control of driftage threshold value.
Fig. 5 is the angle variation diagram under driftage optimization control.
Fig. 6 is the power stage figure under driftage optimization control.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Embodiment 1
The controlling method of the wind driven generator yaw system that the present invention proposes is the unit production capacity after going off course by relatively go off course overall cost and prediction based on overall life cycle cost theory, set up and start constraint conditio, yaw maneuver under different operating mode situations is judged, solved the contradiction between wind-powered electricity generation unit production capacity and yaw maneuver loss, extend yaw system operating life, realized the maximization of wind-powered electricity generation unit life cycle management comprehensive benefit.
Yaw system is controlled to start:
In above-mentioned formula: ρ is air density; R is blade radius; V
tfor prediction of wind speed;
for blower fan transformation efficiency;
for fluctuation threshold value; C
vtfor wind speed V
tcorresponding power coefficient; θ is wind vector angle; T
sfor driftage time delay; T is the time lag between twice wind vector; (A+f (θ)) is driftage cost; F (θ) is and wind vector angle θ relative section.
For making computational process easy, and use for reference relevant parameter value, make V
t=7m/s, C
vt=0.35, T
s=210s, ρ=1.29kg/m
3, S=π R
2=6793m
2,
θ=20,
known by calculating, in wind speed size, be 7m/s and set wind vector angle under the term restrictions such as 20 °, when prediction is when the wind vector time lag, T was at 3.5min～16min, the production capacity of driftage cost after higher than driftage, thereby do not need to carry out immediately yaw maneuver.
Yaw system optimization control flow process as shown in Figure 1, the controlling method flow chart that Fig. 1 is wind driven generator yaw system provided by the invention.θ in figure
dmaxfor blower fan limits of error angle; θ
dfor the interval corresponding setting threshold angle of wind speed; T
dfor the interval corresponding wind speed driftage of wind speed time delay; Δ t is for exceeding prediction wind vector spacing movement set time (if wind direction does not change yet in the T+ Δ t time, the operation of need going off course).
Step 1: when wind direction changes, first yaw system judges whether wind vector angle θ is less than blower fan limits of error angle θ
dmaxif, θ < θ
dmax, go to next step; Otherwise after making blower fan orderly closedown, carry out again yaw maneuver, then make blower fan normally start;
Step 2: judge whether θ exceeds the interval corresponding setting threshold angle θ of wind speed
d, as θ > θ
dtime, go to next step; Otherwise this θ changes without going off course;
Step 3: time lag T when the next wind direction of Prediction distance changes and the size of the wind speed in time lag T V, calculate the generated energy W under this predicted condition
optimize, the generated energy W after going off course
threshold valueand C
driftage cost, then according to result of calculation, judge whether this wind vector goes off course, if driftage goes to step 6; Otherwise go to next step; If W
optimize+ C
driftage cost-W
threshold valueduring < 0, yaw motor carries out driftage process.
Step 4: while not going off course, whether time lag T when the next wind direction of judging distance changes occurs to change for the second time, if described T occurs to change for the second time, illustrate that time lag T prediction when this wind direction changes is accurate, this θ changes without going off course; Otherwise go to next step;
Step 5: judge whether wind direction changes in the time at T+ Δ t, wherein Δ t is for exceeding prediction wind vector spacing movement set time, if wind direction changes in the time at T+ Δ t, this θ changes without going off course; Otherwise go to next step;
Step 6: wind speed driftage time delay T
dyaw system starts operation, if gone off course, whole driftage process finishes; Otherwise yaw system restarts operation, until the whole driftage process of having gone off course.
In Matlab emulation one hour, wind direction changes for 8 times, as shown in table 1 ,+for wind direction, change to the right ,-for wind direction, change left; Setting input air speed value is 7m/s, and wind direction angle changes in ± 30 °, comprises unidirectional variation and back and forth changes; Error angle after driftage is 0, and driftage rated velocity is 0.8 °/s, and the driftage time delay under low wind speed district is 210s; Maximum power output under wind speed V is according to wind energy conversion system capturing wind energy formula
obtain; When the constant and wind direction of wind speed changes, now output power is P
θ=P
vmaxcos (θ).
Table 1
As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is input wind speed curve figure.As can be seen from the figure input wind speed and maintain 7m/s.
As shown in Figure 3, Fig. 3 is the angle variation diagram under the control of driftage threshold value.As can be seen from the figure under driftage threshold value is controlled, whenever wind direction changes and exceeds after setting threshold angle, after the driftage time delay of 210s, just start yaw maneuver, driftage rated velocity is 0.8 °/s.
As shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 is the power stage figure under the control of driftage threshold value.W
threshold value=537.8744Kwh; As can be seen from the figure under yaw system threshold value is controlled, by wind energy conversion system output mechanical power formula
can calculate yaw system threshold value and control lower corresponding power stage; And when the constant and wind direction of wind speed deflects, mechanical output power is now P
θ=P
vmaxcos (θ), W
threshold valuefor the integral value of power P in one hour.
As shown in Figure 5, Fig. 5 is the angle variation diagram under driftage optimization control.As can be seen from the figure under driftage optimization control, when each wind direction changes, production capacity after going off course by relatively go off course cost and prediction, judge whether to go off course, when being judged as when going off course, angle remains unchanged, otherwise starts yaw maneuver, complete driftage to wind, driftage rated velocity is 0.8 °/s.
As shown in Figure 6, Fig. 6 is the power stage figure under driftage optimization control.W
optimize=538.7169Kwh; As can be seen from the figure under yaw system optimization control, by wind energy conversion system output mechanical power formula
can calculate corresponding power stage under yaw system optimization control; And when the constant and wind direction of wind speed deflects, mechanical output power is now P
θ=P
vmaxcos (θ), W
optimizefor the integration of power P in one hour.
Driftage cost model calculates:
Driftage cost model calculates and comprises driftage fixed cost, driftage operation expense, driftage energy consumption and shut down cost etc.:
Average driftage every day is got 150 times, considers to abandon the factors such as wind, and wind energy turbine set annual mean utilizes hour number to get 2000h, and can calculate each variate-value with reference to relevant parameter value:
Therefore single driftage overall cost is:
Comprehensive driftage cost and prediction production capacity, can calculate optimization control and control and have more Economy than threshold value:
C=W
optimize+ C
driftage cost-W
threshold value=69.7438Kwh
Wherein:
W
threshold valuefor the wind energy conversion system output production capacity under threshold value control;
W
optimizefor the wind energy conversion system output production capacity under optimization control;
C
driftage costfor this driftage cost.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art.Person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments and needn't passes through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and not departing from the improvement that category of the present invention makes and revise all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a controlling method for wind driven generator yaw system, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 1: when wind direction changes, judge whether wind vector angle θ is less than blower fan limits of error angle θ
dmaxif, θ < θ
dmax, go to next step; Otherwise after making blower fan orderly closedown, carry out again yaw maneuver, then make blower fan normally start;
Step 2: judge whether θ exceeds the interval corresponding setting threshold angle θ of wind speed
d, as θ > θ
dtime, go to next step; Otherwise this θ changes without going off course;
Step 3: time lag T when the next wind direction of Prediction distance changes and the size of the wind speed in time lag T V, calculate the generated energy W under this predicted condition
optimize, the generated energy W after going off course
threshold valueand C
driftage cost, then according to result of calculation, judge whether this wind vector goes off course, if driftage goes to step 6; Otherwise go to next step;
Step 4: while not going off course, whether time lag T when the next wind direction of judging distance changes occurs to change for the second time, if described T occurs to change for the second time, this θ changes without going off course; Otherwise go to next step;
Step 5: judge whether wind direction changes in the time at T+ Δ t, wherein Δ t is for exceeding prediction wind vector spacing movement set time, if wind direction changes in the time at T+ Δ t, this θ changes without going off course; Otherwise go to next step;
Step 6: wind speed driftage time delay T
dyaw system starts operation, if gone off course, whole driftage process finishes; Otherwise yaw system restarts operation, until the whole driftage process of having gone off course.
2. the controlling method of wind driven generator yaw system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 3, if W
optimize+ C
driftage cost-W
threshold value< 0, and yaw motor carries out driftage process.
3. the controlling method of wind driven generator yaw system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: before described step 1, yaw system is controlled to start and to wind constraint conditio is:
Wherein: ρ is air density; R is blade radius; V
tfor prediction of wind speed;
for blower fan transformation efficiency;
for fluctuation threshold value; C
vtfor wind speed V
tcorresponding power coefficient; θ is wind vector angle; T
sfor driftage time delay; T is the time lag between twice wind vector; (A+f (θ)) is driftage cost; F (θ) is and wind vector angle θ relative section.
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| CN104196680A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-10 | 南京达沙信息科技有限公司 | Draught fan foreseeable yaw control system based on imminent prediction |
| CN104314757A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-28 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | Yaw control method and system of wind power generating set |
| CN104454348A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-03-25 | 中船重工(重庆)海装风电设备有限公司 | Yaw control method and device for wind generating set |
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| CN108592782B (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2023-12-15 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Shafting eccentricity online monitoring system and method for steam turbine generator unit |
| CN108592782A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-28 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | A kind of steam-electric generating set shafting bias on-line monitoring system and its monitoring method |
| CN110017247A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-16 | 天津瑞源电气有限公司 | A kind of yaw based on from power consumption is to wind method |
| CN110608135A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2019-12-24 | 中国船舶重工集团海装风电股份有限公司 | Yaw control method, device and equipment for wind turbine generator and storage medium |
| CN110608135B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-10-27 | 中国船舶重工集团海装风电股份有限公司 | Yaw control method, device and equipment for wind turbine generator and storage medium |
| CN114263565A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-04-01 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Yaw control equipment and method of wind generating set |
| CN114263565B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2024-04-12 | 金风科技股份有限公司 | Yaw control equipment and method of wind generating set |
| CN112302871A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-02-02 | 明阳智慧能源集团股份公司 | Yaw crossing control method for improving availability of wind generating set |
| CN112502899A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-16 | 东方电气风电有限公司 | Consumption reduction method for wind generating set |
| CN112502899B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-11-16 | 东方电气风电有限公司 | Consumption reduction method for wind generating set |
| CN112796940A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-14 | 东方电气风电有限公司 | Wind alignment method for wind direction data missing fan |
| CN114183314A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-15 | 吉林省电力科学研究院有限公司 | Wind turbine generator opportunity maintenance method based on reliability |
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