CN104081054B - 用于压缩机马达保护的系统和方法 - Google Patents

用于压缩机马达保护的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN104081054B
CN104081054B CN201380005300.2A CN201380005300A CN104081054B CN 104081054 B CN104081054 B CN 104081054B CN 201380005300 A CN201380005300 A CN 201380005300A CN 104081054 B CN104081054 B CN 104081054B
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motor
mcc
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CN104081054A (zh
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弗兰克·S·沃利斯
约瑟夫·詹姆斯·罗日纳基
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Copeland LP
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Emerson Climate Technologies Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature additionally responsive to excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/0833—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/10—Other safety measures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/02—Pumps characterised by combination with or adaptation to specific driving engines or motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/28—Safety arrangements; Monitoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/006—Calibration or setting of parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
    • H02H7/0852—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load directly responsive to abnormal temperature by using a temperature sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2203/00—Motor parameters
    • F04B2203/02—Motor parameters of rotating electric motors
    • F04B2203/0201—Current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2203/00—Motor parameters
    • F04B2203/02—Motor parameters of rotating electric motors
    • F04B2203/0205—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
    • F04C2270/07—Electric current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
    • F04C2270/80—Diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
    • F04C2270/86—Detection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/06—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids specially adapted for stopping, starting, idling or no-load operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0042—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for pumps
    • F04C29/0085—Prime movers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication

Abstract

一种系统包括：制冷压缩机，该制冷压缩机包括电动马达；电流传感器，该电流传感器测量至电动马达的电流；开关装置，该开关装置配置成接通和断开以分别允许和阻止电流流向电动马达；最大连续电流(MCC)装置，该MCC装置包括与电动马达的最大连续电流对应的电阻；以及马达保护模块。马达保护模块与MCC装置、电流传感器以及开关装置通信，并且根据MCC装置的电阻确定电动马达的第一MCC值。马达保护模块还将预定MCC选择性地设定成第一MCC，并且基于至电动马达的电流与预定MCC之间的比较来控制开关装置。

Description

用于压缩机马达保护的系统和方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2013年1月9日提交的第13/737,566号美国发明申请的优先权并要求于2012年1月11日提交的第61/585,382号美国临时申请的权益。以上申请的全部公开内容通过参引合并在本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电动马达控制系统和方法，更特别地涉及最大连续电流(MCC)系统和方法。
背景技术
本文中提供的背景描述用于大体上呈现本公开内容的背景环境的目的。当前指定的发明人做出的达到本背景部分中所描述程度的工作以及在提出申请时可能还会被当做现有技术的描述的多个方面既未明示也未暗示地承认作为本公开内容的现有技术。
电源诸如市电可以向制冷压缩机供应交流(AC)功率。制冷压缩机包括驱动该制冷压缩机的电动马达。包括该制冷压缩机的系统还可以包括阻止至电动马达的电流超过预定值的一个或更多个装置。
例如，断路保护器可以实施成使得电流在流动至电动马达之前流过该断路保护器。断路保护器可以包括由于电流流过断路保护器而生成热的电加热器。断路保护器在流过断路保护器的电流大于预定值时跳闸并禁止电流到达电动马达。
又例如，正温度系数(PTC)装置和/或负温度系数(NTC)装置可以实施为与马达绕组热接触，以获得与马达的温度相关的温度。然后，可以使用PTC装置和/或NTC装置的电阻来直接地和间接地确定马达温度。如果使用PTC装置和/或NTC装置测量或确定的马达温度大于预定温度，则可以采取一个或更多个补救动作，诸如关断马达。
发明内容
描述了一种具有包括电动马达的制冷压缩机的系统。该系统包括：电流传感器，该电流传感器测量至电动马达的电流；以及开关装置(例如接触器)，该开关装置配置成接通和断开以分别允许和阻止电流流向电动马达。该系统包括最大连续电流(MCC)装置，该MCC装置生成与电动马达的最大连续电流对应的输出(例如，数字存储值或MCC装置的电阻)。该系统包括马达保护模块，该马达保护模块与MCC装置、电流传感器以及开关装置通信，并且根据MCC装置的输出来确定电动马达的第一MCC值。马达保护模块还将预定MCC选择性地设定成第一MCC，并且基于至电动马达的电流与该预定MCC的比较来控制开关装置。
在其他特征下，马达保护模块在至电动马达的电流大于预定MCC时断开开关装置。
在其他特征下，系统还包括测量电动马达的温度的温度传感器。马达保护模块还基于预定温度与电动马达的温度的第二比较来控制开关装置。
在其他特征下，马达保护模块在温度大于预定温度时断开开关。
在其他特征下，MCC装置包括具有电阻的数字可编程电位计。
在其他特征下，马达保护模块选择性地设定MCC装置的电阻。
在其他特征下，MCC装置与马达保护模块集成。
在其他特征下，马达保护模块还基于预定电阻范围与MCC装置的电阻的第二比较来控制开关装置。
在其他特征下，马达保护模块在MCC装置的电阻为以下情况之一时断开开关装置：小于预定电阻范围的预定下界；以及大于预定电阻范围的预定上界。
在其他特征下，系统还包括第二MCC装置，该第二MCC装置包括与电动马达的第二MCC对应的第二电阻。马达保护模块：根据第二电阻来确定电动马达的第二MCC；以及将预定MCC选择性地设定成第二MCC。
在其他特征下，马达保护模块将预定MCC设定成等于第一MCC和第二MCC中的较小者。
在其他特征下，第二MCC装置与制冷压缩机集成并且远离马达保护模块。
在其他特征下，第二MCC装置安装于制冷压缩机的壳体并远离马达保护模块。
在其他特征下，开关装置包括接触器。
一种方法包括：使用电流传感器来测量至制冷压缩机的电动马达的电流；以及选择性地接通和断开开关装置以分别允许和阻止电流流向电动马达。该方法还包括：与电流传感器、开关装置以及最大连续电流(MCC)装置通信，该MCC装置包括与电动马达的最大连续电流对应的电阻；以及根据MCC装置的电阻来确定电动马达的第一MCC值。该方法还包括：将预定MCC选择性地设定成第一MCC；以及基于至电动马达的电流与预定MCC的比较来控制开关装置。
在其他特征下，该方法还包括在至电动马达的电流大于预定MCC时断开开关装置。
在其他特征下，该方法还包括：使用温度传感器来测量电动马达的温度；以及还基于预定温度与电动马达的温度的第二比较来控制开关装置。
在其他特征下，该方法还包括在温度大于预定温度时断开开关装置。
在其他特征下，根据MCC装置的电阻来确定电动马达的第一MCC值包括：确定MCC装置的数字可编程电位计的电阻。
在其他特征下，该方法还包括选择性地设定MCC装置的电阻。
在其他特征下，该方法还包括确定MCC装置的电阻，并且MCC装置与马达保护模块集成。
在其他特征下，该方法还包括：还基于预定电阻范围与MCC装置的电阻的第二比较来控制开关装置。
在其他特征下，该方法还包括在MCC装置的电阻为以下情况之一时断开开关装置：小于预定电阻范围的预定下界；以及大于预定电阻范围的预定上界。
在其他特征下，该方法还包括：根据第二MCC装置的第二电阻来确定电动马达的第二MCC；以及将预定MCC选择性地设定成第二MCC。
在其他特征下，该方法还包括：将预定MCC设定成等于第一MCC和第二MCC中的较小者。
在其他特征下，该方法还包括确定第二MCC装置的第二电阻，其中第二MCC装置与制冷压缩机集成并且远离马达保护模块。
在其他特征下，该方法还包括确定第二MCC装置的第二电阻，其中第二MCC装置安装于制冷压缩机的壳体并且远离马达保护模块。
根据后文中提供的详细描述，本公开内容的另外的适用领域将是明显的。应当理解，详细描述和具体示例仅意在用于说明目的而非意在限制本公开内容的范围。
附图说明
通过详细描述和附图将会更全面地理解本公开内容，在附图中：
图1为热泵系统的示意图；
图2为示例马达控制系统的功能框图；
图3A至图3C为示例电流控制系统的功能框图；以及
图4为描绘控制至电动马达的电流的示例方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面的描述本质上仅是说明性的而绝不意在限制本公开内容及其应用或用途。为了清楚的目的，将在附图中使用相同的附图标记来表示相似的元件。如本文中所使用的，短语A、B和C中至少一者应当解释成意思是使用非排他性逻辑“或”的逻辑(A或B或C)。应当理解，可以在不改变本公开内容的原理的情况下以不同顺序来执行方法内的步骤。
如本文中所使用的，术语模块可能指的是以下部件、成为以下部件的一部分或包括以下部件：专用集成电路(ASIC)；电子电路；组合逻辑电路；现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)；执行代码的(共享、专用或分组)处理器；提供所描述的功能性的其他适合的硬件部件；或上述一部分的组合或全部，诸如在芯片上系统(SOC)中。术语模块可以包括存储由处理器执行的代码的(共享、专用或分组)存储器。
如以上所使用的，术语代码可以包括软件、固件和/或微代码，并且可能指的是程序、例程、功能、类别和/或对象。如以上所使用的，术语共享意思是可以使用单个(共享)处理器来执行来自多个模块的一些或全部代码。另外，可以通过单个(共享)存储器来存储来自多个模块的一些或全部代码。如以上所使用的，术语分组意思是可以使用一组处理器或一组执行引擎来执行来自单个模块的一些或全部代码。例如，可以将处理器的多个核和/或多个线程考虑为执行引擎。在各种实现方式中，执行引擎可以跨单个处理器、跨多个处理器以及跨多个位置(诸如并行处理布置中的多个服务器)中的处理器来分组。另外，可以使用一组存储器来存储来自单个模块的一些或全部代码。
可以通过由一个或更多个处理器执行的一个或更多个计算机程序来实现本文中描述的设备和方法。计算机程序包括存储在非暂态有形计算机可读介质上的处理器可执行指令。计算机程序还可以包括存储的数据。非暂态有形计算机可读介质的非限制性示例为非易失性存储器、磁存储装置以及光存储装置。
原始设备制造商(OEM)诸如压缩机制造商基于多种因数来确定制冷压缩机的马达的最大连续电流(MCC)。只是举例，可以基于马达的输出能力(例如，马力)、制冷压缩机的一个或更多个特性、制冷剂类型和操作范围来设定马达的MCC，操作范围可以包括将使制冷压缩机能够进行操作的蒸发器温度范围和冷凝器温度范围。
OEM可以向制冷压缩机提供MCC装置。只是举例，MCC装置可以集成在对马达和制冷压缩机进行控制的控制模块内，可以与马达集成，或者可以以另外的适合方式来设置。MCC装置生成输出，诸如电阻或存储的数值。MCC装置的输出对应于由OEM确定的MCC。
控制模块可以基于MCC装置的输出来选择性地禁止电流流向马达。例如，控制模块可以在MCC装置的输出在预定范围值之外时禁止电流流向马达。可以将预定范围值设定成使得MCC装置的输出将处于在MCC装置已被断路或短路时的范围以上或以下。
控制模块还可以基于MCC装置的输出来确定马达的预定MCC。马达在制冷压缩机的操作期间汲取电流。一个或更多个电流传感器测量至马达的电流。控制模块可以在流动至马达的电流大于预定MCC时选择性地禁止电流流向马达。
还可以以各种实现方式来提供一个或更多个另外的MCC装置。只是举例，系统设计者可以提供指示预定MCC的值的另外的MCC装置，其中，预定MCC的值不能被由OEM提供的MCC装置超过。例如，当可以使操作范围的一个或更多个参数窄于由OEM在设定马达的MCC中使用的操作范围时，系统设计者可以提供另外的MCC装置。系统设计者可以在制冷或A/C系统的结构上远离压缩机的本体来提供另外的MCC装置。另外的MCC装置可以经由物理连接或无线(例如，近场通信)连接与控制模块连接。
控制模块确定另外的MCC装置的输出(例如电阻)，并基于该另外的MCC装置的输出来确定马达的第二MCC。控制模块可以选择性地将预定MCC设定成基于MCC装置的输出所确定的MCC或基于另外的MCC装置的电阻所确定的第二MCC。只是举例，控制模块可以将预定MCC设定成等于该MCC中的较小者。在此方式下，如果第二MCC小于由OEM设定的MCC，则控制模块将在流动至马达的电流大于第二MCC时中止电流流向马达。然而，如果第二MCC大于由OEM指定的MCC，则将使用由OEM指定的MCC。
现在参照图1，提出了热泵系统10的示例图。热泵系统10可以包括室内单元12和室外单元14。热泵系统仅用于说明目的，并且应当理解，本申请适用于包括马达驱动的压缩机的其他系统，诸如采暖通风与空调(HVAC)系统和制冷系统。
室内单元12可以包括室内盘管或热交换器16和变速室内风扇18。室内风扇18由马达20驱动。室内盘管16和室内风扇18可以封闭在壳体22中使得室内风扇18可以迫使空气穿越室内盘管16。
室外单元14可以包括室外盘管或热交换器24和变速室外风扇26。室外风扇26由马达28驱动。室外盘管24和室外风扇26可以封闭在壳体30中使得室外风扇26可以穿越室外盘管24抽吸空气。室外单元14还可以包括与室内盘管16和室外盘管24连接的压缩机32。压缩机32可以具有固定速度马达或由如图所示的变速逆变器驱动器(还参见图2)驱动的马达。
可以连接压缩机32、室内盘管16以及室外盘管24以总体上形成如下环路：压缩机32、室内盘管16以及室外盘管24相互串联地布置并且膨胀装置33位于室内盘管16与室外盘管24之间。热泵系统10可以包括设置在压缩机32与室内盘管16和室外盘管24之间的换向阀34。换向阀34可以使压缩机32、室内盘管16和室外盘管24之间的流的方向能够在第一方向与第二方向之间切换(换向)。
在第一方向上，热泵系统10操作在冷却模式下，该冷却模式沿用箭头标记的“冷却”所指示的方向提供流动。在冷却模式下，压缩机32将流体(例如，制冷剂)提供至室外盘管24。然后，流体行进至室内盘管16并然后回到压缩机32。在冷却模式下，室内盘管16用作蒸发器盘管而室外盘管24用作冷凝器盘管。
在第二方向上，热泵系统10操作在加热模式下，该加热模式沿用箭头标记的“加热”所表示的方向提供流动。在加热模式下，流相对于第一方向被换向。压缩机32将流体提供至室内盘管16。然后流体行进至室外盘管24并然后回到压缩机32。在加热模式下，室内盘管16用作冷凝器盘管而室外盘管24用作蒸发器盘管。
现在参照图2，提出了示例马达控制系统的框图。市电102可以将交流(AC)功率提供给用户114。AC功率可以为如图所示的三相AC功率或单相AC功率。用户114可以包括热泵系统10、压缩机32、功率因数校正(PFC)系统104、控制模块106、马达108、整流器110、开关装置112、逆变器驱动器116以及传感器121、122、123和124。
用户114可以具有包括压缩机32和热泵系统10的负载。尽管图2中描绘出一个或更多个部件诸如压缩机32与热泵系统10分离，然而一个或更多个部件可以与热泵系统10一体化。热泵系统10的马达108可以与热泵系统10的压缩机32一体化。马达108可以经由开关装置112直接被市电102驱动，然而只是用于举例的目的，马达108被压缩机32的变速逆变器驱动器116驱动。
传感器121可以测量通过AC功率的三个引线中的一个引线的电流。只是举例，传感器121可以包括电流变送器(CT)。电流消耗量可以表示为安培数。传感器121还可以测量由市电102输送的电压和功率(例如，伏安数)。传感器121还可以提供由用户114消耗的实际功率的瓦特计读数。传感器121可以相对于用户114或市电102位于多个位置处。只是举例，传感器121可以位于开关装置112的下游并且位于PFC系统104和整流器110的上游。
传感器122可以测量通过AC功率的三个引线中的另一个引线的电流。只是举例，传感器122可以包括CT。电流消耗量可以表示为安培数。传感器122还可以测量由逆变器驱动器116汲取的电压和功率(例如，伏安数)。传感器122还可以提供由用户114消耗的实际功率的瓦特计读数。传感器122可以相对于用户114或市电102位于多个位置处。在各种实现方式中，传感器121和传感器122可以一起设置在双传感器模块125内。
可以连接PFC系统104以接收由开关装置112输出的电流。PFC系统104可以为改进负载的功率因数的任意适合的装置。只是举例，PFC系统104可以包括无源PFC，诸如用来平衡电感负载的一组电容器或用以平衡电容负载的电感器。只是再举例，PFC系统104可以包括常规的有源PFC系统，该常规的有源PFC系统主动提供高的功率因数，诸如接近1.0的功率因数。如果PFC系统104为有源PFC系统，则控制模块106可以控制PFC系统104的切换。还可以连接整流器110以接收由开关装置112输出的电流。
可以通过PFC系统104和/或110将电流提供给逆变器驱动器116。逆变器驱动器116驱动马达108。逆变器驱动器116可以以变速驱动马达108以调整热泵系统10的压缩机32的操作。控制模块106可以调节逆变器驱动器116的切换以改变马达108的速度。
传感器123可以与马达108一起设置，并且可以测量马达108的温度。只是举例，传感器123可以包括负温度系数(NTC)传感器、正温度系数(PTC)传感器、热敏电阻器或另外适合类型的温度传感器。只是举例，传感器123可以测量马达108的磁线温度。传感器123还可以测量来自马达108的一个或更多个其他参数，诸如电流、电压、压缩机操作速度和/或命令操作速度等。传感器121、122和123中每个传感器可以为将测量值提供给控制模块106的单个传感器或多个传感器。传感器124可以为测量热泵系统10的参数的单个传感器或多个传感器。只是举例，传感器124可以测量排放温度和/或压力、抽吸温度和/或压力、冷凝器温度和/或压力、蒸发器温度和/或压力、压缩机速度、制冷温度和/或压力等。
开关装置112可以为能够使(允许)和禁止(阻止)电流到达马达108的任意装置或装置的组合。开关装置112可以为电气开关、接触器、继电器或另外适合类型的开关装置。例如，在各种实现方式中可以将开关装置112设置在传感器121与市电102之间。然而，开关装置112可以位于马达108上游的另外适合的位置中。
控制模块106可以包括马达保护模块130。马达保护模块130可以基于一个或更多个参数来控制开关装置112例如以保护马达108。马达保护模块130可以基于使用传感器123测量的马达108的温度来控制开关装置112。只是举例，马达保护模块130可以在温度小于预定温度时控制开关装置112使电流能够流向马达108。相反，马达保护模块130可以在温度大于预定温度时控制开关装置112使电流不能流向马达108。
另外地或可替代地，马达保护模块130可以基于马达108的测量电流消耗量来控制开关装置112。只是举例，马达保护模块130可以在电流小于预定最大连续电流(MCC)时控制开关装置112使电流能够流向马达108。相反，马达保护模块130可以在电流大于预定MCC时控制开关装置112使电流不能流向马达108。马达保护模块130可以在电流大于预定MCC时在预定时段内使电流不能流向马达108。
第一MCC装置(例如参见图3A至图3B)可以包括电阻。第一MCC装置可以与控制模块106集成或者与压缩机32集成。马达保护模块130基于第一MCC装置的电阻或由第一MCC装置输出的数值来确定第一MCC。例如，可以通过原始设备制造商(例如压缩机制造商)来设定第一MCC装置的电阻或由第一MCC装置输出的数值，以指示针对操作范围、马达108和压缩机32以及所使用的流体类型的特性的MCC。操作范围可以包括蒸发器温度范围和冷凝器温度范围，马达保护模块130可以在该范围内对压缩机32进行操作。
马达保护模块130还可以在第一MCC装置的输出指示该第一MCC装置已被短路或断路时控制开关装置112使电流不能流向马达108。例如，马达保护模块130可以在第一MCC装置的电阻为近似零(短路)或无限大(断路)时使电流不能流向马达108。在第一MCC装置被断路或短路时使电流不能流向马达108可以在试图绕过第一MCC装置的情况下保护马达108。
在各种实现方式中还可以设置第二MCC装置132。第二MCC装置132远离控制模块106。第二MCC装置132可以例如与压缩机32集成或者安装于系统的结构诸如壳体30。第二MCC装置132还可以包括电阻。可以设置第二MCC装置132并且例如从原始设备制造商开始在分配链之下的诸如通过系统设计者来选择第二MCC装置132的电阻。
可以选择第二MCC装置132的电阻以提供第二MCC。马达保护模块130基于第二MCC装置132的电阻来确定第二MCC。马达保护模块130将用于使电流能够和不能流向马达108的预定MCC设定成第一MCC或第二MCC。
只是举例，当第一MCC大于第二MCC时，马达保护模块130可以将预定MCC设定成等于第二MCC。在此方式下，由马达108汲取的电流可以限于使用第二MCC装置132指定的第二MCC。系统设计者可以基于第二MCC来选择接触器大小、电线的大小、熔断器、以及一个或更多个电气部件。在允许使用第二MCC作为预定MCC的情况下，由于可以实现较小的电线、接触器等而可以享受成本节约。
然而，当第二MCC大于第一MCC时，马达保护模块130可以将预定MCC设定成等于第一MCC。当第二MCC大于第一MCC时使用第一MCC作为预定MCC可以防止第一MCC装置被绕开或被断开。
在(例如出于服务的原因)替换控制模块106、第二MCC装置132以及压缩机32中的一者或更多者的情况下，马达保护模块130可以建立预定MCC。例如，当替换了控制模块106时，新的控制模块可以确定第一MCC和第二MCC，并且基于该第一MCC和该第二MCC来确定预定MCC。当替换了第二MCC装置132时，控制模块106可以确定第二MCC的新的值，并基于第一MCC和(新的)第二MCC来确定预定MCC。
图3A至图3C包括示例电流控制系统的功能框图。现在参照图3A，提出了示例电流控制系统的框图。马达保护模块130可以包括第一MCC装置202。第一MCC装置202可以输出与第一MCC装置202的电阻器204的电阻对应的第一电压206。只是举例，电阻器204可以包括可编程电位计诸如数字可编程电位计(DPP)、或另外适合类型的可编程电阻装置。微控制器、微处理器或其他适合的装置210可以例如基于来自服务工具(未示出)和网络连接的输入、和/或一个或更多个其他适合的输入来选择性地设定(编程)第一MCC装置202的电阻。
微控制器210基于第一电压206来选择性地确定第一MCC装置202的电阻。只是举例，微控制器210可以使用使电压与电阻相关的函数和映射(例如查询表格)中一者并使用电压206作为输入来确定第一MCC装置202的电阻。可以例如在存储器214中存储该函数或映射。只是举例，存储器214可以包括电擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)和/或一个或更多个其他适合的有形存储介质。
微控制器210基于第一MCC装置202的电阻来确定第一MCC。只是举例，微控制器210可以使用使电阻与MCC相关的函数和映射(例如查询表格)中一者并使用第一MCC装置202的电阻作为输入来确定第一MCC。
微控制器210使用至保护模块215的输出212经由开关装置112选择性地使电流能够和不能流向马达108。只是举例，微控制器210可以在给定时间将输出212设定成第一状态和第二状态中之一，并且保护模块可以基于输出212的状态经由开关装置112使电流能够或不能流向马达108。微控制器210可以使电流能够和不能流向马达108，或者可以以另外适合的方式使电流能够和不能流向马达108。只是举例，微控制器210可以禁止逆变器驱动器116的切换以阻止电流到达马达108。
微控制器210基于第一MCC装置202的电阻选择性地使电流不能流向马达108。只是举例，微控制器210在第一MCC装置202的电阻在预定电阻范围之外时使电流不能流向马达108。微控制器210可以在第一MCC装置202的电阻在预定电阻范围之内时使电流能够流向马达108。
可以将预定电阻范围的下界设定成充分接近零，使得第一MCC装置202的电阻小于指示第一MCC装置202被短路的下界。可以将预定电阻范围的上界设定成充分大于最大电阻，使得第一MCC装置202的电阻大于指示第一MCC装置202被断路或微控制器210和第一MCC装置202被断开的上界。
微控制器210可以确定：是否基于第二电压218来确定第二MCC。限流电阻器222的第一端子可以连接至电压电位226。限流电阻器222的第二端子可以连接至微控制器210并连接至跳线装置230的第一端子。跳线装置230的第二端子可以连接至地源234。
跳线238是否连接在跳线装置230的第一端子与第二端子之间控制着第二电压218。只是举例，当跳线238连接在跳线装置230的第一端子与第二端子之间时，跳线238产生跳线装置230的第一端子与第二端子之间的短路，并且使第二电压218近似等于第一预定电压。当跳线238未连接在跳线装置230的第一端子与第二端子之间时，第二电压218近似等于第二预定电压。
OEM可以向马达保护模块130提供连接在跳线装置230的第一端子与第二端子之间的跳线238。微控制器210可以在第二电压218近似等于第一预定电压时基于第二MCC装置132的电阻来确定第二MCC。在各种实现方式中，情况可以是相反的。可以提供马达保护模块130而无跳线238连接在跳线装置230的第一端子与第二端子之间，并且微控制器210可以在第二电压218近似等于第二预定电压时基于第二MCC装置132的电阻来确定第二MCC。
第一信号调节器模块242可以连接至第二MCC装置132。第一信号调节器模块242接收由第二MCC装置132输出的与第二MCC装置132内的电阻器246的电阻对应的信号(例如电压)。第一信号调节器模块242还可以将参考电压(未示出)输出至第二MCC装置132。第一信号调节器模块242输出与第二MCC装置132的电阻器242的电阻对应的第三电压250。第一信号调节器模块242可以以一种或更多种方式——诸如通过滤波、缓冲、数字化、和/或执行一个或更多个其他适合的信号调节功能——调节信号以生成第三电压250。
微控制器210基于第三电压250来选择性地确定第二MCC装置132的电阻。只是举例，微控制器210可以使用使电压与电阻相关的函数和映射(例如查询表格)中之一并使用第三电压250作为输入来确定第二MCC装置132的电阻。微控制器210基于第二MCC装置132的电阻来确定第二MCC。只是举例，微控制器210可以使用使电阻与MCC相关的函数和映射(例如查询表格)中之一并使用第二MCC装置132的电阻作为输入来确定第二MCC。
微控制器210将预定MCC选择性地设定成等于第一MCC和第二MCC中之一。只是举例，当未确定第二MCC时(例如，当连接了跳线238时)，微控制器210可以将预定MCC设定成等于第一MCC。当确定了第二MCC时，微控制器210可以将预定MCC设定成等于第一MCC和第二MCC中的较小者。在此方式下，当将第二MCC装置132的电阻设定成使得第二MCC大于第一MCC时，会将预定MCC设定成第一MCC以防止超过第一MCC。另外地，当将第二MCC装置132的电阻设定成使得第二MCC小于第一MCC时，会将预定MCC设定成第二MCC使得可以限制马达108的电流消耗量小于第一MCC。限制马达108的电流消耗量小于第一MCC可以使得能够使用较小的电线和较小的电接触器。使用较小的电线和电接触器可以提供成本节约。
虽然就一个第二MCC装置论述了本申请，然而在各种实现方式中可以使用一个或更多个另外的第二MCC装置。微控制器210可以确定一个或更多个另外的第二MCC装置内的电阻，基于该电阻确定MCC，并且将预定MCC设定成等于该MCC中的最小者。
在各种实现方式中，微控制器210可以基于比较器模块258的输出254来将预定MCC设定成等于第一MCC和第二MCC中之一。只是举例，比较器模块258可以包括施密特触发器或另外适合类型的比较器。比较器模块258可以接收第一电压206(对应于第一MCC装置202的电阻)和第三电压250(对应于第二MCC装置132的电阻)。比较器模块258将第一电压206与第三电压250进行比较，并基于该比较来生成输出254。
只是举例，在第一电压206与第三电压250之间的关系为使得第一MCC小于第二MCC时，比较器模块258可以将输出254设定成第一状态。一旦比较器模块258已将输出254设定成第一状态，则在第一电压206与第三电压250之间的关系为使得第二MCC小于第一MCC至少预定量时，比较器模块258可以将输出254转变为第二状态。当输出254在第一状态下时，微控制器210可以将预定MCC设定成等于第一MCC。当输出254在第二状态下时，微控制器210可以将预定MCC设定成等于第二MCC。
第二信号调节器模块262可以连接至传感器121。第二信号调节器模块262接收由传感器121输出的与流过开关装置112的电流对应的信号(例如电压)。第二信号调节器模块262输出与流过开关装置112的电流对应的第四电压266。第二信号调节器模块262可以以一种或更多种方式——诸如通过滤波、缓冲、数字化、和/或执行一个或更多个其他适合的信号调节功能——调节信号以生成第四电压266。微控制器210可以使用使电压与电流相关的函数和映射中之一并使用第四电压266作为输入来确定第一电流。
第三信号调节器模块270可以连接至传感器122。第三信号调节器模块270接收由传感器122输出的与流动至逆变器驱动器116的电流对应的信号(例如电压)。第三信号调节器模块270输出与流动至逆变器驱动器116的电流对应的第五电压274。第三信号调节器模块270可以以一种或更多种方式——诸如通过滤波、缓冲、数字化和/或执行一个或更多个其他适合的信号调节功能——调节信号以生成第五电压274。微控制器210可以使用使电压与电流相关的函数和映射中之一并使用第五电压274作为输入来确定第二电流。
微控制器210基于至马达108的电流和预定MCC选择性地使电流能够和不能流向马达108。可以使用第一电流、第二电流、基于该第一电流和该第二电流确定的电流、或另外适合的测量电流作为至马达108的电流。微控制器210在该至马达108的电流大于预定MCC时使电流不能流向马达108。相反，微控制器210在该至马达108的电流小于预定MCC时使电流能够流向马达108。
当至马达108的电流大于预定MCC时，微控制器210可以在该至马达108的电流变成大于预定MCC之后等待预定时段再使电流不能流向马达108。如果至马达108的电流在该预定时段期间变成小于预定MCC，则微控制器210可以推翻使电流不能流向马达108的决定并保持电流流向马达108。
然而，当满足一个或更多个预定条件时，微控制器210可以在预定时段期间使电流不能流向马达108。只是举例，当至马达108的电流的变化率(di/dt)大于预定变化率时，微控制器210可以在预定时段期间使电流不能流向马达108。另外地或可替代地，当至马达108的电流的加速度(d2i/dt2)大于预定加速度时，微控制器210可以在预定时段期间使电流不能流向马达108。另外地或可替代地，当至马达108的电流变成大于预定电流时，其中该预定电流比预定MCC大预定百分比，微控制器210可以在预定时段期间使电流不能流向马达108。只是举例，该预定百分比可以为5％、10％、15％、或另外适合的百分比。另外地或可替代地，当电荷值大于预定电荷值时，微控制器210可以在预定时段期间使电流不能流向马达108。微控制器210可以例如基于在该时段期间至马达108的电流的(数学)积分来确定电荷值。例如，该数学积分可以为∫(i-MCCpre)*dt，其中MCCpre为预定MCC值以及i为测量电流值，以便于参照该预定MCC值。当测量电流超过预定MCC值时，电荷值(例如，库伦)由于测量电流值与预定MCC值之间的正差而增大。测量电流值与预定MCC值之间的负差将使电荷值减小。该积分可以继续求和直到其超过预定电荷值为止，其中将通过微控制器210断开开关装置112。另外地，该积分将继续求和直到电荷值由于降低到预定MCC值以下的电流的量和持续时间而归零为止。
第四信号调节器模块278可以连接至传感器123。第四信号调节器模块278接收由传感器123输出的与马达108的温度对应的信号(例如电压)。第四信号调节器模块278输出与马达108的温度对应的第六电压282。第四信号调节器模块278可以以一种或更多种方式——诸如通过滤波、缓冲、数字化、和/或执行一个或更多个其他适合的信号调节功能——调节信号以生成第六电压282。
微控制器210可以使用使电压与温度相关的函数和映射中之一并使用第六电压282作为输入来确定马达108的温度。微控制器210在马达108的温度大于预定温度时使电流不能流向马达108。相反，微控制器210在马达108的温度小于预定温度时使电流能够流向马达108。
微控制器210还可以基于一个或更多个其他参数选择性地使电流能够和不能流向马达108。只是举例，当壳体温度大于预定温度时，当压缩机排放温度大于预定温度时，和/或当一个或更多个适合的禁用条件发生时，微控制器210可以使电流不能流向马达108。当禁用条件未发生时，微控制器210可以使电流能够流向马达108。
虽然就具有传达关于MCC的信息的电阻的装置论述了本申请，然而还可以使用内置装置和远程装置的电阻来设定预定值，该预定值在使电流能够和不能流向马达108的过程中使用。只是举例，还可以使用内置装置和远程装置的电阻来设定预定温度。
当微控制器210确定了应当通过断开开关装置112来使电流不能流向马达108时，微控制器可以确定响应时间。该响应时间可以为或对应于在作出使电流不能流向马达108的决定时的时间与在微控制器210命令断开开关装置112时的时间之间的时段。微控制器210可以例如基于至马达108的电流与预定MCC之间的差、该差的变化率、和/或一个或更多个其他适合的参数来确定该响应时间。只是举例，该响应时间可以随着差增大和/或随着差的变化率增大而减小，反之，该响应时间可以随着差减小和/或随着差的变化率减小而增大。
现在参照图3B，提出了另外的示例电流控制系统的另外的功能框图。微控制器210可以从参考电压源(VREF)304接收参考电压302。电阻器306连接在参考电压源304与节点308之间。第二MCC装置132的电阻器246连接在节点308与诸如地源234的地源310之间。同样，节点308处的电压对应于第二MCC装置132的电阻器236的电阻。
微控制器210还可以接收节点308处的电压。微控制器基于参考电压302与节点308处的电压之间的关系来确定第二MCC装置132的电阻器246的电阻。微控制器210基于电阻器246的电阻来确定第二MCC。微控制器210基于第一MCC和第二MCC来设定预定MCC，并基于如上所述的预定MCC来选择性地使电流不能流向马达108。
第二MCC装置132可以经由有线连接(例如，如以上结合图3A和图3B的示例所述)输出表示至马达保护模块130的第二MCC的值。可替代地，第二MCC装置132可以以无线方式将第二MCC或表示第二MCC的值传送至马达保护模块130。
现在参照图3C，提出了另外的示例电流控制系统的功能框图。只是举例，使用近场通信，诸如射频识别(RFID)、蓝牙通信协议、或另外适合类型的无线通信，第二MCC装置132可以将第二MCC或表示第二MCC的值传送至马达保护模块130。
马达保护模块130可以包括通信模块320和天线324。天线324从第二MCC装置132接收无线输出，并将来自第二MCC装置132的输出转发至通信模块320。通信模块320可以以各种类型的无线通信输出提示或促使第二MCC装置132生成该输出的一个或更多个信号。通信模块320将表示第二MCC的输出提供至微控制器210。微控制器210可以基于该输出确定第二MCC。微控制器210基于第一MCC和第二MCC来设定预定MCC，并基于如上所述的预定MCC选择性地使电流不能流向马达108。
现在参照图4，提出了描绘控制至马达108的电流的示例方法的流程图。在404处，控制装置确定第一MCC装置202的电阻。在408处，控制装置可以确定第一MCC装置202的电阻是否在预定电阻范围之内。如果第一MCC装置202的电阻不在预定电阻范围之内，则在412处控制装置可以使电流不能流向马达108，并且可以结束控制。如果第一MCC装置202的电阻在预定电阻范围之内，则控制可以进行至416。当第一MCC装置202的电阻在预定电阻范围之外时，第一MCC装置202可以被短路或被断路。
在416处，控制装置基于第一MCC装置202的电阻来确定第一MCC。控制装置根据第一MCC装置202的电阻来确定第一MCC。只是举例，控制装置可以使用使电阻与MCC相关的函数和映射中之一来确定第一MCC。在420处，控制装置判定是否应当确定第二MCC。如果不应当确定第二MCC，则在424处控制装置可以将预定MCC设定成等于第一MCC并继续到440。以下进一步论述440。如果应当确定第二MCC，则控制可以继续到428。
在432处，控制装置确定第二MCC。控制装置基于第二MCC装置132的输出来确定第二MCC。控制装置根据第二MCC装置132的电阻来确定第二MCC。只是举例，控制装置可以使用使电阻与MCC相关的函数和映射中之一来确定第二MCC。控制装置可以使用相同或不同的函数和/或映射来确定第一MCC和第二MCC。在436处，控制装置可以将预定MCC设定成等于第一MCC和第二MCC中的较小者。
在440处，控制装置可以基于预定MCC和流动至马达108的电流选择性地使电流不能流向马达108。更具体地，当至马达108的电流大于预定MCC时，控制装置使电流不能流向马达108。当至马达108的电流大于预定MCC时，控制装置可以确定响应时间。该响应时间可以为或对应于在至马达108的电流大于预定MCC时的时间与在控制装置命令断开开关装置112时的时间之间的时段。控制装置可以例如基于至马达108的电流与预定MCC之间的差、该差的变化率、和/或一个或更多个其他适合的参数来确定该响应时间。只是举例，该响应时间可以随着差增大和/或随着差的变化率增大而减小，反之，该响应时间可以随着差减小和/或随着差的变化率减小而增大。可以使用一个或更多个电流传感器诸如传感器121和/或传感器122来提供至马达108的电流。控制装置可以通过断开开关装置112来使电流不能流向马达108。
可以以各种形式来实现本公开内容的广泛教示。因此，虽然本公开内容包括具体示例，然而，由于基于对附图、说明书和随附权利要求的研究而使其他的修改对于专业技术人员而言将变得明显，所以不应当如此限制本公开内容的真正范围。

Claims (23)

1.一种用于压缩机马达保护的系统，包括：
制冷压缩机，所述制冷压缩机包括电动马达；
电流传感器，所述电流传感器测量流向所述电动马达的电流；
开关装置，所述开关装置配置成接通和断开以分别允许和阻止电流流向所述电动马达；
第一最大连续电流装置，所述第一最大连续电流装置包括与所述电动马达的最大连续电流对应的第一电阻；以及
马达保护模块，所述马达保护模块：
与所述第一最大连续电流装置、所述电流传感器以及所述开关装置通信；
根据所述第一最大连续电流装置的第一电阻确定所述电动马达的第一最大连续电流；
将预定最大连续电流选择性地设定成所述第一最大连续电流；以及
基于流向所述电动马达的电流与所述预定最大连续电流之间的第一比较来控制所述开关装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述马达保护模块在流向所述电动马达的电流大于所述预定最大连续电流时断开所述开关装置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的系统，还包括温度传感器，所述温度传感器测量所述电动马达的温度，
其中所述马达保护模块还基于所述电动马达的温度与预定温度之间的第二比较来控制所述开关装置。
4.根据权利要求3所述的系统，其中所述马达保护模块在所述电动马达的温度大于所述预定温度时断开所述开关。
5.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述第一最大连续电流装置包括具有所述第一电阻的数字可编程电位计。
6.根据权利要求5所述的系统，其中所述马达保护模块选择性地设定所述第一最大连续电流装置的第一电阻。
7.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述第一最大连续电流装置与所述马达保护模块集成。
8.根据权利要求1所述的系统，还包括第二最大连续电流装置，所述第二最大连续电流装置包括与所述电动马达的第二最大连续电流对应的第二电阻，
其中所述马达保护模块：
根据所述第二电阻来确定所述电动马达的第二最大连续电流；以及
将所述预定最大连续电流选择性地设定成所述第二最大连续电流。
9.根据权利要求8所述的系统，其中所述马达保护模块将所述预定最大连续电流设定成等于所述第一最大连续电流和所述第二最大连续电流中的较小者。
10.根据权利要求8所述的系统，其中所述第二最大连续电流装置与所述制冷压缩机集成并远离所述马达保护模块。
11.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述开关装置包括接触器。
12.一种用于压缩机马达保护的方法，包括：
使用电流传感器来测量流向制冷压缩机的电动马达的电流；
选择性地接通和断开开关装置以分别允许和阻止电流流向所述电动马达；
与所述电流传感器、所述开关装置以及第一最大连续电流装置通信，所述第一最大连续电流装置包括与所述电动马达的第一最大连续电流对应的第一电阻；
根据所述第一最大连续电流装置的第一电阻来确定所述电动马达的第一最大连续电流；
将预定最大连续电流选择性地设定成所述第一最大连续电流；以及
基于流向所述电动马达的电流与所述预定最大连续电流之间的第一比较来控制所述开关装置。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，还包括在流向所述电动马达的电流大于所述预定最大连续电流时断开所述开关装置。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法，还包括：
使用温度传感器来测量所述电动马达的温度；以及
还基于所述电动马达的温度与预定温度之间的第二比较来控制所述开关装置。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，还包括在所述电动马达的温度大于所述预定温度时断开所述开关装置。
16.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中根据所述第一最大连续电流装置的第一电阻来确定所述电动马达的第一最大连续电流包括：确定所述第一最大连续电流装置的数字可编程电位计的电阻。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法，还包括选择性地设定所述第一最大连续电流装置的第一电阻。
18.根据权利要求12所述的方法，还包括确定所述第一最大连续电流装置的第一电阻，其中所述第一最大连续电流装置与马达保护模块集成。
19.根据权利要求12所述的方法，还包括：还基于所述第一最大连续电流装置的第一电阻与预定电阻范围之间的第三比较来控制所述开关装置。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法，还包括在所述第一最大连续电流装置的第一电阻为以下之一时断开所述开关装置：
小于所述预定电阻范围的预定下界；以及
大于所述预定电阻范围的预定上界。
21.根据权利要求12所述的方法，还包括：
根据第二最大连续电流装置的第二电阻来确定所述电动马达的第二最大连续电流；以及
将所述预定最大连续电流选择性地设定成所述第二最大连续电流。
22.根据权利要求21所述的方法，还包括将所述预定最大连续电流设定成等于所述第一最大连续电流和所述第二最大连续电流中的较小者。
23.根据权利要求21所述的方法，还包括确定所述第二最大连续电流装置的第二电阻，其中所述第二最大连续电流装置与所述制冷压缩机集成并远离马达保护模块。
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US9876346B2 (en) 2018-01-23
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EP2805053A4 (en) 2015-10-21
US20170179709A1 (en) 2017-06-22
CN106286209B (zh) 2018-05-18
BR112014016982A2 (pt) 2017-06-13
CN104081054A (zh) 2014-10-01
CN106286209A (zh) 2017-01-04
EP2805053A1 (en) 2014-11-26
RU2014127557A (ru) 2016-03-10
US9590413B2 (en) 2017-03-07
US8964338B2 (en) 2015-02-24
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