CN104106390A - Impermeable and breathable pottery basin and preparation method - Google Patents
Impermeable and breathable pottery basin and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104106390A CN104106390A CN201310294654.5A CN201310294654A CN104106390A CN 104106390 A CN104106390 A CN 104106390A CN 201310294654 A CN201310294654 A CN 201310294654A CN 104106390 A CN104106390 A CN 104106390A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of bonsai planting, in particular to a pottery basin with breathable and impermeable effects. Impermeable and breathable particles are arranged on the inner wall of the impermeable and breathable pottery basin. The preparation method comprises the following steps of applying a mixture with organosilane and solvent to the inner wall surface of the pottery basin; and performing grafting reaction on the mixture so as to obtain the impermeable and breathable pottery basin. The surface of the impermeable and breathable pottery basin is not wetted by water, so that micropores in the impermeable and breathable pottery basin are not blocked, external air can enter the basin through the micropores, and the breathing performance of the bonsai container is guaranteed. Moreover, the impermeable and breathable pottery basin has water retention, fertilizer maintenance and breathing effects simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to potted plant growth field, relates in particular to a kind ofly to have ventilative and waterproof and ooze the ceramic basin device of effect.
Background technology
For the people that live in city, under the high-strung state of mind and in dirty air ambient, by build can yet be regarded as a kind of a kind of mode of the quality that reduces pressure and make the life better of a Green Home and working environment at indoor growing plant and fruits and vegetables.Indoor pot, not only allows people realize the enjoyment of whole cultivation process, has also beautified environment simultaneously, has purified room air.Existing plant pot device great majority are on the market taking plastic basin, glass basin and porcelain basin as main, and these basin devices are not owing to having gas permeability, and conventionally offering osculum in bottom increases the permeability of basin device.But in the time watering, moisture does not also have enough time to soak soil and is just discharged from very soon, pot plant root system not only could not be irrigated fully, and the sewage flowing out from basin hole has also caused pollution to indoor environment.Water frequently and also wasted valuable water resource.
For the not good problem of current potted plant permeability, people's gas permeabilities that the improved way of basin contour structures strengthened to basin device that adopt more.Chinese patent CN201220352754.X, discloses ventilative pot plant flowerpot in a kind of bilayer.This Patent design a kind of double-deck flowerpot, outer basin bottom part is provided with osculum, basin filter screen and being sleeved in outer basin in interior basin framework periphery and bottom are fixing.Between interior basin and outer basin, by ventilative matrix, can make oxygen in interior basin matrix be supplied fully.Chinese patent CN201120575754.1, discloses a kind of indoor flowerpot.This patent comprises the chamber of planting, top, accumulating at lower part water cavity, and the chamber of planting on top is double wall, is provided with air-vent, apopore, unloads that water hole is arranged at ponding chamber bottom centre position, draw in water hole by unloading, control valve is arranged on and unloads water pipe and cavity junction to unload water pipe.This patent is also avoided the ponding indoor floor of making dirty, clean, health simultaneously strengthening basin gas permeability.Chinese patent CN201120306656.8, discloses a kind of flowerpot.The flowerpot of this Patent design is provided with the interior bucket of permeable hole, can prevent that root system of plant is wound around, and discharges in time excessive moisture, prevents butt rot, ensures gas permeability, is beneficial to plant growth.Although can effectively solve the problems such as ventilative by the variation on contour structures, still realize by offering discharge outlet, can not solve problem ventilative, preserve moisture and fertility simultaneously.
Glass basin is generally used in water planting, and the quality of hydroponic flowers has direct relation with water oxygen level, and water oxygen level number, not only with ventilate quality relevant, also relevant with basin material.In the time of the bad and personnel's frequent activity of room ventilation, oxygen content in water reduces rapidly, can exert an influence to the growth of hydroponic flowers, in the time that the dissolved oxygen value in water drops to 5 mg/L, just there is difficulty in the breathing of some fish, has been not suitable for the growth demand of plant while dropping to 3 mg/L.Use while carrying out water planting without glass basin, the porcelain basin of bottom outlet, need often to change water, not only waste water resource has also been wasted expensive nutrient solution, concerning people, also wastes time and energy.Also there are at present people by setting up the devices such as circulating pump, nutrient solution to be flowed and increases water body oxygen content.Chinese patent CN201220164416.3 discloses a kind of automatic circulation equipment for water planting, and device frame is floriculture vessel, and a miniature circulating pump is equipped with in inside.Delivery side of pump end connects the pipeline of setting, and when work, nutrient solution circulates in pipeline, has increased dissolved oxygen, absorbs for flowers.But this kind equipment cost is high, is also not suitable for family potted plant and uses.
Pottery basin is because porosity is higher, and basin body spreads all over micropore, has highly-breathable.But also due to high porosity, moisture is outside seepage from micropore easily, does not have waterproof and oozes performance.And use for a long time, mineral salt can enter micropore permeation to outer surface in water, there is salting-out phenomenon.
Can not meet shortcoming ventilative and that waterproof is oozed in order to overcome Potted-plant container simultaneously, only have by improving flowerpot material and solve.The present invention prepare without osculum flowerpot, there is highly-breathable and high oozing property of waterproof, air can constantly enter by outer wall the demand that ensures plant oxygen in basin.Not only can ensure pot plant normal growth, also can play the effect of preserve moisture and fertility, there is no osculum simultaneously, flowerpot clean hygiene.
Summary of the invention
Order of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, has the plant pot device that waterproof is oozed and air permeable effect is good, overcomes plant pot device gas permeability shortcoming poor, that easily leak in existing market.Be mainly to use the pottery basin of an end opening, the surface of the basin that makes to make pottery has that the particle of waterproof and breathable realizes.Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned pottery basin, is mainly to utilize process for treating surface that organic matter is grafted on to common pottery basin surface, obtains the ventilative pottery basin of a kind of antiseepage.Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
The ventilative pottery of a kind of antiseepage basin, is characterized in that, the impermeable aerated particle of part or overall distribution on the inwall of described pottery basin, and described impermeable aerated particle surface has suc as formula the structure shown in II:
(II)
Wherein, x+y+z=4, and 1≤z≤3,0≤x≤3; 0≤y≤3, x, y, z is all integer;
R
1linear paraffin base or the branched alkyl with 1～20 carbon atom; R
1or by fluorine or the phenyl branched alkyl with 1～20 carbon atom or the branched alkyl of replacement arbitrarily;
R
2be-(CH
2)
w-CH=CH
2, phenyl or the phenyl that replaced arbitrarily by fluorine, wherein w is the arbitrary integer between 0～20; Described MO
none or more in aluminium oxide, silica, zirconia, titanium oxide, iron oxide, magnesia.
In the structure of formula II, R
1, R
2all directly be connected with Si atomic bonding with-O-group.
In particle due to pottery basin, be mainly to contain one or several in aluminium oxide, aluminium oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide, zirconia, magnesia etc., in the structure of formula (II), pass through-O-of organosilan key grafts on metal oxide or the nonmetal oxide surface of pottery basin; Wherein R
1and R
2be the non-hydrolysising group with hydrophobic performance, in the structure of formula (II), at least will include a R
1or R
2group, the basin particle surface that can make to make pottery produces hydrophobic performance.For-O-key, in the structure of II formula, at least to there is one, organosilan can be grafted on the oxide particle of pottery basin, if-O-key is while having 2 or 3, and this bond strength can be better.
More particularly, the value of x, y, z can be like this:
In the time of x=1, y=2, z=1, the surface texture of impermeable aerated particle is as formula III
(III)
In the time of x=0, y=2, z=2, the surface texture of impermeable aerated particle is suc as formula IV
(IV)
In the time of x=0, y=1, z=3, the surface texture of impermeable aerated particle is suc as formula V
(V)
In the time of x=3, y=0, z=1, the surface texture of impermeable aerated particle is suc as formula VI
(VI)
The pottery basin of said structure, has at least part position to include the particle shown in formula II on its inwall, have the dendritic morphology that connects of organosilan on this particle, makes the surface nature of traditional pottery basin that change occur.Owing to having this structure, it has good hydrophobicity, and while placing earth or water in the basin of making pottery, water is difficult for the hole by pottery basin particle, oozing out in basin body; Meanwhile, because the particle of pottery basin has certain pore structure, therefore, this pottery basin has still had the permeability of traditional pottery basin.
In addition, for traditional pottery basin, on its wall, have many tiny microchannels, after watering in pottery basin, water can infiltrate in the middle of these ducts, because water has capillarity in these trickle ducts, while causing gas to enter into pottery basin inside by these ducts, need to overcome very large capillary force, cause the permeability of traditional pottery basin not good.While adopting pottery basin provided by the invention, on inwall due to pottery basin, have such waterproof and breathable particle, it has certain hydrophobic performance, can prevent that the moisture content of making pottery in basin from permeating in the microchannel of pottery basin, therefore also just avoid the capillary force of water in duct, improved further the permeability of pottery basin.
Pottery basin provided by the invention, its waterproof and breathable particle is to make organic group graft on the surface of particle by the mode of chemical bond, this applies, is coated from general physics is also different, bond strength in the particle that physical method obtains between organic matter and particle is low, easily dissociate from particle, after long-term use, hydrophobic performance can decline.And the mode of employing chemical bond, bonding strength is high, is difficult for making organic group to come off.
Further, the described impermeable aerated particle that also can distribute on the outer wall of pottery basin; Now, above-mentioned impermeable aerated particle can make the to make pottery outer surface of basin also produces hydrophobic effect, improve further the effect of water-impervious, simultaneously, owing to also thering is hydrophobic grouping on outer surface particle, the outer surface of basin of can making to make pottery has antifouling property, and outward appearance is clean, sanitary for a long time, and the common pottery basin phenomenon of " saltouing " can not occur.
In addition, on the pottery inwall of basin or outer wall, not only can include this impermeable aerated particle in subregion, preferably entirety is all that this particle forms, and the ventilative performance of the antiseepage of the basin that can make to make pottery is better.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the ventilative pottery of a kind of antiseepage basin, comprises following step:
By suc as formula the organosilan shown in I and solvent, by contacting on the internal face of mixture and pottery basin, carry out graft reaction, can obtain the ventilative pottery of described antiseepage basin;
R
1 xSiR
2 yR
3 z (I)
In formula, x+y+z=4, and 1≤z≤3,0≤x≤3; 0≤y≤3, x, y, z is all integer;
R
1linear paraffin base or the branched alkyl with 1～20 carbon atom; R
1or by fluorine or the phenyl branched alkyl with 1～20 carbon atom or the branched alkyl of replacement arbitrarily;
R
2be-(CH
2)
w-CH=CH
2, phenyl or the phenyl that replaced arbitrarily by fluorine, wherein w is the arbitrary integer between 0～20;
R
3(OR
4) ,-Cl ,-OCH
2cH
2oCH
3,-OCOCH
3or-H, wherein R
4linear paraffin base or the branched alkyl with 1～20 carbon atom.
In the structure of formula I, R
1, R
2and R
3group is to be all directly connected with Si atomic bonding.
Pottery basin is generally at high temperature fired and is formed by kaolin, clay, and its constituent is generally Al
2o
3, SiO
2and a small amount of Fe
2o
3, ZrO
2, TiO
2deng inorganic matter.Due to Al
2o
3, SiO
2, TiO
2the porous material being fired into Deng raw material is high energy surface, has stronger hydrophilicity, and after contacting with water, its surface can adsorbed water form one or more layers hydroxyl.Inorganic matter surface hydroxyl generally has good activity, under certain condition control, can carry out chemical reaction with organosilan.Modified-reaction principle as shown in Figure 1.
Organosilan is good organic and inorganic coupling agent, there is the non-hydrolysis of hydrolysising group and functionalization functional group simultaneously, after hydrolysising group is hydrolyzed, form hydroxyl can with pottery basin surface hydroxyl generation condensation reaction, make organosilan be grafted on pottery basin particle surface, and then the basin surface that makes to make pottery produce hydrophobic effect.
In the organosilan that the present invention adopts, R
1be the group that mainly produces hydrophobic performance, it can allow pottery basin produce good antiseepage permeability, specifically, and R
1can be linear paraffin base or the branched alkyl with 1～20 carbon atom; Same, replace arbitrarily fluorine or phenyl at above-mentioned linear paraffin base or on the alkyl of side chain, also can realize the solution of the present invention.R
1the linear paraffin base with 1～20 carbon atom that does not even more preferably replace or replaced arbitrarily by fluorine, amount of carbon atom is more or replaced when more by fluorine atom, the antiseepage better effects if of breathing freely;
R
2upper with two keys, after being grafted on the surface of pottery basin particle, can make particle produce certain hydrophobicity, and reach and make to make pottery the ventilative effect of basin antiseepage; Comparatively preferred R
2be-CH
2-CH=CH
2,-(CH
2)
2-CH=CH
2,-(CH
2)
3-CH=CH
2,-(CH
2)
4-CH=CH
2, phenyl or the phenyl that replaced arbitrarily by fluorine etc.
For R
1and R
2, in formula I, at least to include R
1or R
2in one, can be also to include R simultaneously
1and R
2.
R
3to be hydrolyzed and to produce-OH key for organosilan, its number on organosilan at least will have 1, also can be to select between 2～3, generally preferably 3, in this situation with can be preferably carry out condensation with the hydroxyl on pottery basin surface, form stable Si-O-M key (M represents metal oxide), organosilan is connected with inorganic matter; Even more preferably-OCH3 ,-Cl ,-H ,-OCH
2cH
3,-OCH
2cH
2oCH
3,-OCOCH
3.R
3be-when H, organosilan does not need hydrolysis can graft on the hydroxyl of pottery basin absorption.
In technical scheme provided by the invention, described organosilan can be selected from octadecyl trichlorosilane alkane, dimethyl stearyl silane, trimethoxy (octadecyl) silane, octadecyl dimethyl methyl TMOS, three (methoxy ethoxy) octyl group silane, trichloro-benzenes silane, triethoxy is to methylbenzene silane, tri-phenyl chloride, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluor dodecyltrichlorosilane, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro capryl triethoxysilane, chlorine diisobutyl octadecylsilane, cetyl trimethoxy silane, vinyl three tert-butoxy silane, pi-allyl triacetoxysilane, dichlorodimethylsilane, trim,ethylchlorosilane, trichloromethyl silane, dimethyldimethoxysil,ne, phenyl dimethyl ethyoxyl silicon, diethoxymethyl phenyl silane, trichlorine (phenethyl) silane, dimethoxy (methyl) phenyl silane, (pentafluorophenyl group) triethoxysilane, (pentafluorophenyl group) trimethoxy silane, decyl trimethoxy silane, triethoxy methoxy silane etc.
In the method, the method that mixture is applied to the internal face of pottery basin has a lot, for example, pottery basin can be soaked in the mixture of organosilan and solvent, the surfaces externally and internally that can make like this flowerpot is organosilan in grafting all, and those skilled in the art suitably extend soak time, or in the process of soaking, vacuumize processing, mixture is infiltrated in the hole of pottery basin more, also may be able to allow the particle of pottery basin inside also by organosilan in grafting.Similarly, also mixture directly can be placed in to pottery basin inner chamber, make it soak a period of time, can directly make the particle of inwall obtain modification.In addition, in the method for modification, be also not limited to mixture with liquid form, pottery basin be placed in to the mixture of gas phase form, also can reach object of the present invention.
Except immersion process, by the method that applies, sprays, mixture is put on to Tao Penshang, also can reach at pottery basin particle grafted-organosilicon alkane, the basin that makes to make pottery and produce the ventilative performance of antiseepage.
Regulation and control pottery basin and organosilan carry out Surface grafting reaction realization under certain condition and change common pottery basin water-wetted surface into hydrophobic surface, pottery basin has non-wettable characteristic to glassware for drinking water, water droplet forms larger contact angle on its surface, while being filled with water in pottery basin, the water in basin is difficult for oozing out from basin body, simultaneously, inner micropore can be not blocked, extraneous air can enter in basin by micropore, ensures the permeability of Potted-plant container, makes in basin to keep appropriate air in soil or water.Reach pottery basin antiseepage, ventilative object.
Further, for the pottery basin that makes to obtain has good gas permeability and barrier performance, pottery basin average pore size preferably in 0.1～50 μ m scope, porosity in 20%～60% scope.If hole is too small, gas permeability can be poor, if hole is excessive, likely occurs the situation of infiltration.
More preferably method is the method by soaking, and is mainly because operating process is simple, can carry out at normal temperatures, and can not cause because of needs heating the evaporation of solvent.
In preparation process, temperature can be controlled within the scope of 10～120 DEG C.
In the mixture of organosilan and solvent, solvent can be one or several the mixture in methyl alcohol, ethanol, n-hexane, isobutanol, toluene, chloroform.
In the mixture of organosilan and solvent, the molarity scope of described organosilan is 1mmol/L～100mmol/L.
technique effect
The plant pot device of Patent design of the present invention is to realize pottery basin surface hydrophobicity effect by surface grafting technology on the basis of common pottery basin, but does not change the pottery original microcellular structure of basin and size simultaneously.Because the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin surface is not by water-wet, therefore inner micropore can be not blocked, and extraneous air can enter in basin by micropore, ensures the permeability of Potted-plant container.Therefore, the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach water conservation, fertilizer conservation, ventilative effect simultaneously.
By having carried out relevant gas permeability and the test of oozing property of waterproof with common plant pot device, the ventilative pottery of the antiseepage designing in result the present invention basin permeability is higher than common Potted-plant container.The waterproof ability of oozing can be born the hydraulic pressure of 0.8 MPa.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic that graft modification is carried out on pottery basin surface;
Fig. 2 is the pottery basin tub wall material microstructure schematic diagram preparing;
Fig. 3 a is the contact angle figure of the pottery basin for preparing in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 b is the contact angle figure of the pottery basin for preparing in embodiment 2;
Fig. 3 c is the contact angle figure of common pottery basin;
Fig. 4 is the oxygen content in water and the graph of a relation of time in permeability test.
Fig. 5 is the graph of a relation of pressure and infiltration in permeability performance test.
Wherein, the 1st, pottery basin surface molecule organic layer; The 2nd, the micropore of pottery basin; The 3rd, pottery basin tub wall.
Embodiment
By the following method the ventilative and water resistance of pottery basin is investigated:
1. contact angle test
Pottery basin is taken off to small pieces, by contact angle instrument, it is measured to the contact angle for water droplet.
permeability test
Get pottery basin, to the water (boiling through negative pressure, to boil Dissolved Oxygen in Water content after treatment be 2.8 mg/L) that adds 400 mL in the common plant pot device (glass basin and porcelain basin) of close volume size (500 mL) and the ventilative pottery of antiseepage of the present invention basin, then container is all done to sealing and process respectively.Placing after 12,16,20 hours utilizes dissolved oxygen instrument to measure respectively water body oxygen content in (under synthermal condition) each container.
permeability performance test
The ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin bottom part one fritter is got in permeability performance test, places in the filter of experiment customization, after a series of seal operation, adopts the form of pump supercharging that pure water pressure is crossed to pottery basin sheet, the water content that record oozes out from pottery basin sheet and the size cases of hydraulic pressure.Increase pressure every 0.05 Mpa, the previous measuring point while there is infiltration taking the basin test block of making pottery is as water pressure resistance value.
embodiment 1
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of magnesia.Average pore size is 0.2 μ m, and porosity is 30%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking ethanol as solvent, by trim,ethylchlorosilane ((CH3)
3si-Cl) the molarity scope that is mixed with organosilan is the mixture of 10mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned trim,ethylchlorosilane, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
In the present embodiment, also can directly the ethanolic solution of trim,ethylchlorosilane be fallen and be soaked in pottery basin.The schematic diagram of the structure of the pottery basin that modification obtains as shown in Figure 2.
The pottery basin making is carried out to order of contact test, as shown in Figure 3 a.
Carry out permeability test, place after 12,16,20 hours and utilize dissolved oxygen instrument to measure respectively water body oxygen content in (under synthermal condition) each container.Processing after 20h, found that in the ventilative pottery of the antiseepage basin the present invention relates to, water body oxygen content is 7.60 mg/L, and water oxygen content in simple glass basin and ordinary porcelain basin is respectively 3.0 mg/L and 2.9 mg/L.Visible, the ventilative pottery of antiseepage of the present invention basin has good gas permeability.Result of the test as shown in Figure 4.
Carry out permeability performance test, result as shown in Figure 5.As can be seen from the figure,, in the time that hydraulic pressure reaches 0.8 MPa, pottery basin sheet is not still observed pure water infiltrate phenomenon.In the time that hydraulic pressure reaches 1 MPa, just observe the pure water infiltrate of a little.As can be seen here, be equivalent to the water column pressure of 80 meters at 0.8MPa() hydraulic pressure under, the ventilative pottery of antiseepage of the present invention basin has good waterproof and oozes performance.Example in contrast, in the time just starting to be forced into 0.05MPa, there is the phenomenon of infiltration in common pottery basin, along with increasing of pressure, also there is increase in water percolating capacity.
embodiment 2
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of iron oxide.Average pore size is 1 μ m, and porosity is 40%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking ethanol as solvent, by dimethyl cetyl chlorosilane ((CH3)
2c
16h
33si-Cl) the molarity scope that is mixed with organosilan is the mixture of 30mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned dimethyl cetyl chlorosilane, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
The pottery basin making is carried out to order of contact test, as shown in Figure 3 b.And the contact angle photo of common pottery basin as shown in Figure 3 c, as can be seen from the figure, the surface particles of the ventilative pottery of the antiseepage basin that the present invention prepares has certain hydrophobicity, and because organosilan carbochain used in embodiment 2 is longer, its hydrophobic performance is better; And common pottery basin is shown as hydrophily, water droplet can infiltrate on its surface.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.90 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.50 MPa.
embodiment 3
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of iron oxide.Average pore size is 10 μ m, and porosity is 50%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking ethanol as solvent, by organosilan (C
3h
7)
2(C
2h
4cH=CH
2) Si-OCH
3the molarity scope of making organosilan is the mixture of 50mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.80 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.40MPa.
embodiment 4
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of zirconia.Average pore size is 50 μ m, and porosity is 20%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking ethanol as solvent, by organosilan C
10h
21(C
5h
10cH=CH
2)
2si-O-CH
2cH
3the molarity scope of making organosilan is the mixture of 100mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.40 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.25 MPa.
embodiment 5
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of magnesia.Average pore size is 40 μ m, and porosity is 20%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking toluene as solvent, by organosilan (C
6h
5)
3-Si-OCH
2cH
2oCH
3the molarity scope of making organosilan is the mixture of 10mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the hexane solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.30 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.40 MPa.
embodiment 6
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica.Average pore size is 0.1 μ m, and porosity is 40%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking ethanol as solvent, by organosilan (C
10h
21)
3si-OCOCH
3the molarity scope of making organosilan is the mixture of 1mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.80 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.85 MPa.
embodiment 7
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica.Average pore size is 10 μ m, and porosity is 60%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking isobutanol as solvent, by organosilan (CH
2cH)
3si-OCOCH
3the molarity scope of making organosilan is the mixture of 1mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the isobutanol solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.30 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.35 MPa.
embodiment 8
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of iron oxide, zirconia.Average pore size is 30 μ m, and porosity is 40%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking toluene as solvent, by organosilan 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluor dodecyltrichlorosilane (CF
3(CF2)
9cH
2cH
2siCl
3) the molarity scope of making organosilan is the mixture of 20mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the toluene solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 8.20 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.30 MPa.
embodiment 9
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of iron oxide, titanium oxide.Average pore size is 10 μ m, and porosity is 20%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking ethanol as solvent, by organosilan 1H, 1H, 2H, the molarity scope that 2H-perfluor dodecyltrichlorosilane is made organosilan is the mixture of 50mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 8.30 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.50 MPa.
embodiment 10
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of zirconia.Average pore size is 30 μ m, and porosity is 30%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking chloroform as solvent, by organosilan triethoxy to methylbenzene silane (C
2h
5o)
3siC
6h
4cH
3the molarity scope of making organosilan is the mixture of 80mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the chloroformic solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.70 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.30 MPa.
embodiment 12
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of iron oxide.Average pore size is 50 μ m, and porosity is 20%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking chloroform as solvent, the molarity scope that trim,ethylchlorosilane is mixed with to organosilan is the mixture of 10mmol/L;
Next, at the temperature of 140 DEG C, be sprayed at common pottery basin surfaces externally and internally, after 1min, take out, after cleaning up with chloroform, ethanol respectively, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.50 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.25 MPa.
embodiment 13
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of iron oxide.Average pore size is 1 μ m, and porosity is 60%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking methyl alcohol as solvent, the molarity scope of organosilan trimethoxy (octyl group) silane being made to organosilan is the mixture of 100mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the methanol solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.90 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.60 MPa.
embodiment 14
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica.Average pore size is 0.1 μ m, and porosity is 40%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking ethanol as solvent, the molarity scope of dimethyldimethoxysil,ne being made to organosilan is the mixture of 1mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.40 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.85MPa.
embodiment 15
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of zirconia.Average pore size is 30 μ m, and porosity is 30%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking chloroform as solvent, the molarity scope of dichlorodimethylsilane being made to organosilan is the mixture of 80mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the chloroformic solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.60 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.30 MPa.
embodiment 16
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica.Average pore size is 1 μ m, and porosity is 30%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking ethanol as solvent, the molarity scope of trichlorine (methyl) silane being made to organosilan is the mixture of 20 mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.60 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.50 MPa.
embodiment 17
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica.Average pore size is 1 μ m, and porosity is 30%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking ethanol as solvent, the molarity scope of trichlorine (octyl group) silane being made to organosilan is the mixture of 20 mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.60 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.65 MPa.
embodiment 18
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica.Average pore size is 1 μ m, and porosity is 30%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking ethanol as solvent, the molarity scope of trichlorine (octyl group) silane being made to organosilan is the mixture of 20 mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.60 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.65 MPa.
embodiment 19
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of iron oxide.Average pore size is 20 μ m, and porosity is 30%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking chloroform as solvent, the molarity scope that chlorine diisobutyl octadecylsilane is mixed with to organosilan is the mixture of 20mmol/L;
Next, at the temperature of 140 DEG C, be sprayed at common pottery basin surfaces externally and internally, after 2min, take out, after cleaning up with chloroform, ethanol respectively, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 1 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.30 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.35 MPa.
embodiment 20
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of iron oxide.Average pore size is 10 μ m, and porosity is 50%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking ethanol as solvent, the molarity scope that vinyl three tert-butoxy silane is mixed with to organosilan is the mixture of 20mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned dimethyl cetyl chlorosilane, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.50 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.45 MPa.
embodiment 21
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of iron oxide.Average pore size is 40 μ m, and porosity is 30%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking chloroform as solvent, the molarity scope that (pentafluorophenyl group) trimethoxy silane is mixed with to organosilan is the mixture of 30mmol/L;
Next, at the temperature of 140 DEG C, be sprayed at common pottery basin surfaces externally and internally, after 2min, take out, after cleaning up with chloroform, ethanol respectively, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.10 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.45 MPa.
embodiment 22
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of iron oxide.Average pore size is 10 μ m, and porosity is 30%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking methyl alcohol as solvent, the molarity scope of organosilan pi-allyl triacetoxysilane being made to organosilan is the mixture of 100mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the methanol solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.80 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.55 MPa.
embodiment 23
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica.Average pore size is 0.1 μ m, and porosity is 40%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking ethanol as solvent, the molarity scope of dimethoxy (methyl) phenyl silane being made to organosilan is the mixture of 80mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 1 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.50 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.55MPa.
embodiment 24
Adopt commercially available common pottery basin, this pottery basin is to be that primary raw material is made by aluminium oxide, silica, also contains a small amount of magnesia.Average pore size is 50 μ m, and porosity is 50%.
First, common pottery basin is placed to 110 DEG C of oven dry of taking-up after cleaning in water; Taking toluene as solvent, the molarity scope of organosilan (pentafluorophenyl group) triethoxysilane being made to organosilan is the mixture of 30mmol/L;
Next, pottery basin after dry is soaked in the hexane solution of above-mentioned organosilan, under room temperature, places 2 h;
Take out, in 120 DEG C of dry rear 2 h.Making surfaces externally and internally has the pottery basin of impermeable aerated particle.
Carry out permeability test, processing after 20h, in the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, water body oxygen content is 7.10 mg/L.
Carry out permeability performance test, the water pressure resistance value of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin can reach 0.30 MPa.
Claims (9)
1. the ventilative pottery of an antiseepage basin, is characterized in that, the impermeable aerated particle of part or overall distribution on the inwall of described pottery basin, and described impermeable aerated particle has suc as formula the structure shown in II:
(II)；
Wherein, x+y+z=4, and 1≤z≤3,0≤x≤3; 0≤y≤3, x, y, z is all integer;
R
1linear paraffin base or the branched alkyl with 1～20 carbon atom; R
1or by fluorine or the phenyl branched alkyl with 1～20 carbon atom or the branched alkyl of replacement arbitrarily;
R
2be-(CH
2)
w-CH=CH
2, phenyl or the phenyl that replaced arbitrarily by fluorine, wherein w is the arbitrary integer between 0～20;
Described MO
none or more in aluminium oxide, silica, zirconia, titanium oxide, iron oxide, magnesia.
2. the ventilative pottery of antiseepage according to claim 1 basin, is characterized in that: the also impermeable aerated particle described in part or overall distribution on the outer wall of described pottery basin.
3. a preparation method for the ventilative pottery of antiseepage basin, comprises following step: by suc as formula the organosilan shown in I and solvent, mixture and the internal face of pottery basin are carried out to graft reaction, can obtain the ventilative pottery of described antiseepage basin;
R
1 xSiR
2 yR
3 z (I)
In formula, x+y+z=4, and 1≤z≤3,0≤x≤3; 0≤y≤3, x, y, z is all integer;
R
1linear paraffin base or the branched alkyl with 1～20 carbon atom; R
1or by fluorine or the phenyl branched alkyl with 1～20 carbon atom or the branched alkyl of replacement arbitrarily;
R
2be-(CH
2)
w-CH=CH
2, phenyl or the phenyl that replaced arbitrarily by fluorine, wherein w is the arbitrary integer between 0～20;
R
3(OR
4) ,-Cl ,-OCH
2cH
2oCH
3,-OCOCH
3or-H, wherein R
4linear paraffin base or the branched alkyl with 1～20 carbon atom.
4. the preparation method of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage according to claim 3 basin, is characterized in that: described R
1it is the linear paraffin base with 1～20 carbon atom that does not replace or replaced arbitrarily by fluorine; R
2be-CH
2-CH=CH
2,-(CH
2)
2-CH=CH
2,-(CH
2)
3-CH=CH
2,-(CH
2)
4-CH=CH
2, phenyl or the phenyl that replaced arbitrarily by fluorine; R
3be-OCH3 ,-Cl ,-H ,-OCH
2cH
3,-OCH
2cH
2oCH
3or-OCOCH
3.
5. the preparation method of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage according to claim 3 basin, is characterized in that: described solvent is one or more the mixture in methyl alcohol, ethanol, n-hexane, isobutanol, toluene, chloroform.
6. the preparation method of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage according to claim 3 basin, is characterized in that: by the method that applies, sprays or soak, described mixture and pottery basin are carried out to graft reaction.
7. the preparation method of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage according to claim 3 basin, is characterized in that: the average pore size of described pottery basin is to be 20%～60% in 0.1～50 μ m, porosity.
8. the preparation method of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage according to claim 3 basin, is characterized in that: the temperature of described graft reaction is 10～120 DEG C.
9. the preparation method of the ventilative pottery of antiseepage according to claim 3 basin, is characterized in that: the molarity scope of described organosilan is 1mmol/L～100mmol/L.
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| CN201310137095.7 | 2013-04-18 | ||
| CN201310137095 | 2013-04-18 | ||
| CN201310294654.5A CN104106390B (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-12 | Impermeable and breathable pottery basin and preparation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108476797A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-09-04 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | A kind of root system of plant dynamic in-situ observation device |
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| US5466486A (en) * | 1990-10-25 | 1995-11-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chemically adsorbed monomolecular lamination film |
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