CN104167660A - Control method and system of laser set - Google Patents
Control method and system of laser set Download PDFInfo
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- CN104167660A CN104167660A CN201410386672.0A CN201410386672A CN104167660A CN 104167660 A CN104167660 A CN 104167660A CN 201410386672 A CN201410386672 A CN 201410386672A CN 104167660 A CN104167660 A CN 104167660A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method and system of a laser set, and belongs to the field of heterodyne interference measurement. The control method and system of the laser set resolve the problem that an existing heterodyne interference instrument composed of multiple lasers has the problem of difference frequency of laser beams and is unstable in power, enable the difference frequency among the lasers to keep stable and restrain power attenuation of the lasers, thereby improving the performance of the measurement equipment. The control method comprises an initialization step, a real-time detection step, a frequency stabilization step and a power control step. The control system correspondingly comprises an initialization module, a real-time detection module, a frequency stabilization module and a power control module. The control method and system of the laser set can realize real-time frequency feedback control, enable the difference frequency among the lasers to keep stable and restrain power attenuation of the lasers, thereby meeting the measurement requirement for high time accuracy. The related device is simple in structure, and guarantees a high-accuracy and low-noise measurement environment of an original system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to difference interference measuring field, be specifically related to a kind of control method and system thereof of laser array.
Background technology
Heterodyne interferometry also claims double frequency interferometer, is widely used in actual production and scientific research, to meet the demand for accurate parameter measurement.In heterodyne ineterferometer, the light beam of two kinds of different frequencies can be provided by two mono-colour lasers, also can utilize the diffraction effect of magneto-optic, electric light, acoustooptical effect or rotating grating dish to provide.Particularly require in high application at field of scientific study or to time, spatial resolution, for obtaining higher frequency difference, often use two or many laser machines formation laser array, realize interferometry.The phase of light wave variation causing due to the variation of testee is loaded on this difference frequency, can ensure its measurement effect in high-acruracy survey field with the interferometer of difference frequency stabilization function.Meanwhile, control the output energy of laser and do not decay and can guarantee that interferometer has better signal to noise ratio with work, and give full play to the strong advantage of heterodyne system interferometer antijamming capability.
At present also not to stablize multi-station laser difference frequency as basis device and the structure of Simultaneous Stabilization multi-station laser in high-power output state.Thereby the method relating in patent CN201210211550.9 can be stablized the output frequency of every laser and obtain stable difference frequency, and can make laser in stronger output state.But the method need to be established in addition a set of laser interferometer to every laser and be implemented feedback.For the system of multi-laser, it is very complicated that the realization of feedback function certainly will become, and be limited by each frequency feedback and need to scan the long scope of very large resonator, and the time precision of its feedback cannot do very highly.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of control method and system thereof of laser array, solve laser beam difference frequency and the unsettled problem of power in the heterodyne system interferometer that existing multi-station laser forms, when making difference frequency between laser remain stable, suppress laser power decay, thereby improve measuring equipment performance.
The present invention is applied to the laser array that N platform laser forms, wherein one as frequency reference laser, every laser is all equipped with piezoelectric ceramic transducer, long for adjusting the chamber of corresponding laser resonant cavity, and frequency reference laser is equipped with Output of laser power detector, the laser beam that each laser launched forms coherence laser beam after closing bundle, enter interference signal detector, interference signal detector is converted into the difference frequency signal of coherence laser beam after voltage intermediate-freuqncy signal, simulateding signal isolator reads, analog signal isolator has higher input impedance can ignore the signal energy of its consumption, and cut off the coupling circuit between control signal and detectable signal, filter after high-frequency noise through analog signal isolator amplification filtering, analog to digital converter is converted to digital intermediate frequency signal by intermediate-freuqncy signal and is transferred to digital signal processor (DSP), simultaneously, laser power detector is converted to power digital signal by the laser power signal of the frequency reference laser detecting through analog to digital converter and is input in digital signal processor, power digital signal and digital intermediate frequency signal obtain corresponding power controlled quentity controlled variable and FREQUENCY CONTROL amount after by digital signal processor processes, and by power controlled quentity controlled variable and each FREQUENCY CONTROL amount by changing voltage signal into the digital to analog converter of voltage retainer, export to respectively the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of N platform laser.
The control method of a kind of laser array provided by the present invention, comprises initialization step, real-time detecting step, frequency stabilization control step and power control step, it is characterized in that
(1) initialization step:
Determine for N station symbol the laser that output frequency is identical, optionally wherein one as frequency reference laser, on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of frequency reference laser, apply the control voltage V that is converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter
k=V
0, the reference laser diode of adjusting frequency is to demarcating output frequency P
0; Difference frequency signal between every two lasers forms intermediate-freuqncy signal jointly, and intermediate-freuqncy signal comprises altogether a difference frequency signal, 2≤N≤6;
According to concrete application demand, pre-determine the frequency-splitting Δ P between each laser output frequency and frequency reference laser output frequency in all the other N-1 platform lasers
i, i=1,2 ... N-1, Δ P
i=± 1KHz～± 1GHz, this N-1 frequency-splitting Δ P
imust meet the requirement that the individual difference frequency signal being produced by N platform laser there will not be aliasing on frequency spectrum; Meanwhile, on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of all the other N-1 platform lasers, apply respectively the control voltage V that is converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter
i, every laser output frequency in all the other N-1 platform lasers is adjusted to P
0+ Δ P
ifrequency-splitting is that number of lasers equates substantially on the occasion of being negative value with frequency-splitting, the output frequency value of all lasers of whole laser array is evenly distributed on output peak value to reach best output state, and the output frequency value of frequency reference laser is positioned at the centre position of whole laser array output frequency; Like this, each difference frequency signal comprising in intermediate-freuqncy signal will occur with known order on frequency spectrum;
By described N-1 frequency-splitting Δ P
ias N-1 frequency setting value; And voltage is adjusted to Directional Sign H be initialized as " 1 " or " 0 "; " 1 " represents to regulate to voltage augment direction, and " 0 " represents that reducing direction to voltage regulates;
(2) real-time detecting step:
Digital intermediate frequency signal and power digital signal that Real-time Obtaining analog to digital converter gathers, described digital intermediate frequency signal is obtained through analog to digital converter conversion by voltage intermediate-freuqncy signal, the laser beam that described voltage intermediate-freuqncy signal is launched by each laser forms coherence laser beam after closing bundle, by interference signal detector, the difference frequency signal of coherence laser beam is transformed and is formed;
Described power digital signal is formed through analog to digital converter conversion by the laser power signal of frequency reference laser;
Described digital intermediate frequency signal is carried out to FFT conversion, convert the frequency spectrum obtaining and extract from FFT
individual crest frequency, should
individual crest frequency is the frequency-splitting being aliasing in intermediate-freuqncy signal; Deposit described power digital signal in power memory so that follow-up judgement sub-step (4.4) is used; Then carry out respectively step (3) and step (4) simultaneously;
(3) frequency stabilization control step, comprises following sub-step:
(3.1) frequency shift (FS) judges sub-step: according to the distribution sequence of each difference frequency signal known in step (1), by described N-1 frequency setting value Δ P
iwith detect
n-1 crest frequency F of correspondence in individual crest frequency
i, correspondence compares respectively, judges that whether it all equates, is to carry out sub-step (3.3), otherwise carries out sub-step (3.2); I=1,2 ... N-1;
(3.2) calculated rate correction voltage sub-step:
For the unequal each laser of frequency setting value and crest frequency wherein, according to the control voltage on the current piezoelectric ceramic transducer that is applied to each corresponding laser, in the frequency-voltage response curves of this laser, find the slope K of corresponding points
i, calculated rate correction voltage Δ V1
i=(F
i-Δ P
i)/K
i;
For each laser that wherein frequency setting value and crest frequency equate, by its corresponding Δ V1
iset to 0; I=1,2 or N-1;
Frequency-the voltage response curves of described laser is the response curve that this laser output frequency changes piezoelectric ceramic transducer voltage;
(3.3) FREQUENCY CONTROL action sub-step:
Calculate and control voltage change amount Δ V
i: Δ V
i=Δ V1
i+ Δ V2
i;
Wherein, Δ V2
iread the frequency fluctuation causing for eliminating power regulation by bucking voltage memory;
By V
i+ Δ V
ivalue give V
i, then by V
ibe converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter, act on respectively on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of N-1 platform laser;
To control voltage change amount Δ V
i, frequency correction voltage Δ V1
iwith frequency compensation voltage Δ V2
ithe whole zero clearings of value; Go to step (2);
(4) power control step, comprises following sub-step:
(4.1) time delay triggers sub-step: set T time of delay, T=1～10 second, trigger power regulation one time at interval of T second, carry out sub-step (4.2); This time of delay, T was sufficiently more than the time scale of real-time frequency control, moved caused frequency fluctuation to make real-time frequency control can suppress timely power regulation,
(4.2) power control action sub-step: if voltage-regulation Directional Sign H is " 1 ", by V
kthe value of+VL is given V
k; If voltage-regulation Directional Sign H is " 0 ", by V
kthe value of-VL is given V
k; Wherein voltage is adjusted step-length VL=1mV～1V; Then by V
kbe converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter, put on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of frequency reference laser, carry out sub-step (4.3);
(4.3) frequency compensation sub-step: other N-1 platform laser is carried out to frequency compensation:
According to current V
k, in the frequency-voltage response curves of frequency reference laser, find the slope K of corresponding points
kthereby, calculate the frequency fluctuation value Δ P that frequency reference laser produces
k=VLK
k, further according to Δ P
k, calculate the frequency compensation voltage Δ V2 of each laser
i=VLK
k/ K
i; And by frequency compensation voltage Δ V2
ideposit bucking voltage memory in; Carry out sub-step (4.4);
(4.4) judge sub-step: judge whether this voltage-regulation is allowing the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak state, to change voltage to adjust Directional Sign H, go to step (2), otherwise voltage is adjusted Directional Sign H and is remained unchanged, and goes to step (2).
In sub-step (4.3), owing to changing frequency reference laser control voltage V
kmake frequency reference laser power produce trace change time also can trace its output frequency of change, for offset frequency reference laser frequency change by difference frequency signal, produce frequency fluctuation, at frequency reference laser control voltage V
kwhen variation, other N-1 platform laser is carried out to frequency compensation; The frequency compensation voltage of each laser is required for eliminating this frequency fluctuation.
The judgement sub-step (4.4) of described power control step comprises one of following deterministic process:
A, calculate current frequency reference laser output power value and deduct the difference DELTA D of last power digital signal in described power memory, judge whether Δ D < Q, responsiveness threshold value Q=-100～-1; Be the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value, otherwise the power output of frequency reference laser is not away from power output peak value;
B, calculate the voltage stored in described power memory and adjust that Directional Sign H is last and change after maximum in all power digital signals deduct the difference DELTA S of current frequency reference laser output power value, judge whether Δ S > G, decrease threshold value G=1～100; Be the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value, otherwise the power output of frequency reference laser is not away from power output peak value.
Deterministic process A, the power response rate that frequency reference laser occurs after power regulation action.According to the long curve in the power output-chamber of laser at power output peak value scope slope compared with little and away from the output feature that slope increases gradually when peak point, default responsiveness threshold value Q; Comparatively sensitive in the situation that output peak value scope is comparatively precipitous at laser output power-change of cavity length curve;
Deterministic process B, by judge laser cross output peak point after the total decline numerical value of laser output power judge laser works state; It is comparatively sensitive in the time that output peak value scope is comparatively smooth.
Judging in sub-step (4.4), can carry out process A and process B simultaneously, as long as one of them make frequency reference laser away from output peak point judgement, judge sub-step (4.4) make frequency reference laser away from output peak value judgement.
The control system of a kind of laser array provided by the present invention, comprises initialization module, real-time detection module, frequency stabilization control module and power control module, it is characterized in that
(1) initialization module:
Determine for N station symbol the laser that output frequency is identical, optionally wherein one as frequency reference laser, on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of frequency reference laser, apply the control voltage V that is converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter
k=V
0, the reference laser diode of adjusting frequency is to demarcating output frequency P
0; Difference frequency signal between every two lasers forms intermediate-freuqncy signal jointly, and intermediate-freuqncy signal comprises altogether a difference frequency signal, 2≤N≤6:
According to concrete application demand, pre-determine the frequency-splitting Δ P between each laser output frequency and frequency reference laser output frequency in all the other N-1 platform lasers
i, i=1,2 ... N-1, Δ P
i=± 1KHz～± 1GHz, this N-1 frequency-splitting Δ P
imust meet the requirement that the individual difference frequency signal being produced by N platform laser there will not be aliasing on frequency spectrum; Meanwhile, on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of all the other N-1 platform lasers, apply respectively the control voltage V that is converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter
i, every laser output frequency in all the other N-1 platform lasers is adjusted to P
0+ Δ P
ifrequency-splitting is that number of lasers equates substantially on the occasion of being negative value with frequency-splitting, the output frequency value of all lasers of whole laser array is evenly distributed on output peak value to reach best output state, and the output frequency value of frequency reference laser is positioned at the centre position of whole laser array output frequency; Like this, each difference frequency signal comprising in intermediate-freuqncy signal will occur with known order on frequency spectrum;
By described N-1 frequency-splitting Δ P
ias N-1 frequency setting value; And voltage is adjusted to Directional Sign H be initialized as " 1 " or " 0 "; " 1 " represents to regulate to voltage augment direction, and " 0 " represents that reducing direction to voltage regulates;
(2) real-time detection module:
Digital intermediate frequency signal and power digital signal that Real-time Obtaining analog to digital converter gathers, described digital intermediate frequency signal is obtained through analog to digital converter conversion by voltage intermediate-freuqncy signal, the laser beam that described voltage intermediate-freuqncy signal is launched by each laser forms coherence laser beam after closing bundle, by interference signal detector, the difference frequency signal of coherence laser beam is transformed and is formed;
Described power digital signal is formed through analog to digital converter conversion by the laser power signal of frequency reference laser;
Described digital intermediate frequency signal is carried out to FFT conversion, convert the frequency spectrum obtaining and extract from FFT
individual crest frequency, should
individual crest frequency is the frequency-splitting being aliasing in intermediate-freuqncy signal; Deposit described power digital signal in power memory so that follow-up judgement submodule (4.4) uses; Then carry out respectively module (3) and module (4) simultaneously;
(3) frequency stabilization control module, comprises following submodule:
(3.1) frequency shift (FS) judges submodule: according to the distribution sequence of each difference frequency signal known in step (1), by described N-1 frequency setting value Δ P
iwith detect
n-1 crest frequency F of correspondence in individual crest frequency
i, correspondence compares respectively, judges that whether it all equates, is to carry out submodule (3.3), otherwise carries out submodule (3.2); I=1,2 ... N-1;
(3.2) calculated rate correction voltage submodule:
For the unequal each laser of frequency setting value and crest frequency wherein, according to the control voltage on the current piezoelectric ceramic transducer that is applied to each corresponding laser, in the frequency-voltage response curves of this laser, find the slope K of corresponding points
i, calculated rate correction voltage Δ V1
i=(F
i-Δ P
i)/K
i;
For each laser that wherein frequency setting value and crest frequency equate, by its corresponding Δ V1
iset to 0; I=1,2 or N-1;
Frequency-the voltage response curves of described laser is the response curve that this laser output frequency changes piezoelectric ceramic transducer voltage;
(3.3) FREQUENCY CONTROL action submodule:
Calculate and control voltage change amount Δ V
i: Δ V
i=Δ V1
i+ Δ V2
i;
Wherein, Δ V2
iread the frequency fluctuation causing for eliminating power regulation by bucking voltage memory;
By V
i+ Δ V
ivalue give V
i, then by V
ibe converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter, act on respectively on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of N-1 platform laser;
To control voltage change amount Δ V
i, frequency correction voltage Δ V1
iwith frequency compensation voltage Δ V2
ithe whole zero clearings of value; Revolving die piece (2);
(4) power control module, comprises following submodule:
(4.1) time delay triggers submodule: set T time of delay, T=1～10 second, trigger power regulation one time at interval of T second, carry out submodule (4.2); This time of delay, T was sufficiently more than the time scale of real-time frequency control, moved caused frequency fluctuation to make real-time frequency control can suppress timely power regulation,
(4.2) power control action submodule: if voltage-regulation Directional Sign H is " 1 ", by V
kthe value of+VL is given V
k; If voltage-regulation Directional Sign H is " 0 ", by V
kthe value of-VL is given V
k; Wherein voltage is adjusted step-length VL=1mV～1V; Then by V
kbe converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter, put on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of frequency reference laser, carry out submodule (4.3);
(4.3) frequency compensation submodule: other N-1 platform laser is carried out to frequency compensation:
According to current V
k, in the frequency-voltage response curves of frequency reference laser, find the slope K of corresponding points
kthereby, calculate the frequency fluctuation value Δ P that frequency reference laser produces
k=VLK
k, further according to Δ P
k, calculate the frequency compensation voltage Δ V2 of each laser
i=VLK
k/ K
i; And by frequency compensation voltage Δ V2
ideposit bucking voltage memory in; Carry out submodule (4.4);
(4.4) judge submodule: judge whether this voltage-regulation is allowing the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak state, to change voltage to adjust Directional Sign H, go to step (2), otherwise voltage is adjusted Directional Sign H and is remained unchanged, revolving die piece (2).
The judgement submodule (4.4) of described power control module carries out one of following deterministic process:
A, calculate current frequency reference laser output power value and deduct the difference DELTA D of last power digital signal in described power memory, judge whether Δ D < Q, responsiveness threshold value Q=-100～-1; Be the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value, otherwise the power output of frequency reference laser is not away from power output peak value;
B, calculate the voltage stored in described power memory and adjust that Directional Sign H is last and change after maximum in all power digital signals deduct the difference DELTA S of current frequency reference laser output power value, judge whether Δ S > G, decrease threshold value G=1～100; Be the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value, otherwise the power output of frequency reference laser is not away from power output peak value.
Because laser can occur maximum output in the long scope of certain a bit of resonator, the present invention uses the active control to frequency reference laser resonant cavity chamber progress row fixed step size, Fixed Time Interval, and whether the operating state that changes determination frequency reference laser diode by the above-mentioned continuous active chamber caused Mini-Low Laser Power of long regulation and control is away from output peak value.If judged result is "No", continue with the current direction reference laser diode chamber of adjusting frequency longly, make frequency reference laser continue to approach output peak value; If judged result is "Yes", the long adjustment direction of controlling of reversal frequency reference laser diode resonator.The above-mentioned regulate and control method that frequency reference laser is constantly approached to output peak value will make frequency reference laser remain on dynamically all the time the operating state of exporting peak power.Be controlled at frequency reference laser on the basis of output peak value, the digital medium-frequency signal collecting is monitored in real time, implement the long feedback in real-time laser resonant cavity chamber by controlling the terminal voltage of piezoelectric ceramic transducer on every laser except frequency reference laser diode, make the N-1 platform laser relative except frequency reference laser diode keep constant in the difference frequency of frequency reference laser, thereby realize the stable object of interferometer laser beams difference frequency.Utilize the long corresponding relation of laser output frequency and resonator, other laser resonant cavity chamber length under the stable control of difference frequency will be long associated with frequency reference laser chamber, thereby following frequency reference laser diode always works near output peak point, like this, just realized by the power stability of control frequency reference laser diode the stable effect of whole laser array power stage of controlling.
The present invention can realize real-time frequency FEEDBACK CONTROL, suppresses laser power decay, to meet the measurement demand of high time precision when making difference frequency between laser remain stable; Related apparatus structure is simple, does not need separately to establish extra device to obtain frequency information, only relies on the intermediate frequency detector of interferometer itself just can realize FEEDBACK CONTROL, and only variable of laser resonant cavity is controlled, and controlled quentity controlled variable is single; In situation for multi-laser, the present invention only just can realize the power control to multi-station laser by the power information of surveying a laser; Due to the measuring system structure without changing interferometer script, analog signal isolator and the isolation of former measuring system of high impedance for signal sampling port, the impact of original interferometer measuring system is down to minimum, has guaranteed the low noise measurement environment of original system high accuracy;
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Integral control device pie graph of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is control method schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is control procedure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is Poewr control method schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention, is applied to the laser array that 3 lasers form, wherein one as frequency reference laser 1, every laser is all equipped with piezoelectric ceramic transducer, long for adjusting the chamber of corresponding laser resonant cavity, and frequency reference laser 1 is equipped with Output of laser power detector 5, the first laser 2, the laser beam that second laser 3 and frequency reference laser 1 are launched forms coherence laser beam after closing bundle, enter interference signal detector 4, interference signal detector 4 is sent into control device 10 after the difference frequency signal of coherence laser beam is converted into voltage intermediate-freuqncy signal, and simulated signal isolator 6 and read, analog signal isolator 6 has higher input impedance can ignore the signal energy of its consumption, and cut off the coupling circuit between control signal and detectable signal, filter after high-frequency noise through analog signal isolator amplification filtering, analog to digital converter 7 is converted to digital intermediate frequency signal by intermediate-freuqncy signal and is transferred to digital signal processor 8 (DSP), simultaneously, laser power detector 5 is converted to power digital signal by the laser power signal of the frequency reference laser 1 detecting through analog to digital converter 7 and is input in digital signal processor 8, power digital signal and digital intermediate frequency signal obtain corresponding power controlled quentity controlled variable and FREQUENCY CONTROL amount after being processed by digital signal processor 8, and change power controlled quentity controlled variable and each FREQUENCY CONTROL amount into voltage signal by the digital to analog converter 9 with voltage retainer, export to respectively the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of 3 lasers.
As shown in Figure 2, embodiments of the invention, comprise initialization step, real-time detecting step, frequency stabilization control step and power control step, it is characterized in that:
(1) initialization step:
Determine for 3 station symbols the laser that output frequency is identical, optionally wherein one as frequency reference laser, on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of frequency reference laser, apply the control voltage V that is converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter
k=30V, the reference laser diode of adjusting frequency is to demarcating output frequency P
0=694GHz; Difference frequency signal between every two lasers forms intermediate-freuqncy signal jointly, and intermediate-freuqncy signal comprises altogether 3 difference frequency signals;
According to concrete application demand, pre-determine the frequency-splitting Δ P between each laser output frequency and frequency reference laser output frequency in all the other 2 lasers
1=-1MHz, Δ P
1=+1.5MHz, these 2 frequency-splitting Δ P
imeet the requirement that the individual difference frequency signal being produced by 3 lasers there will not be aliasing on frequency spectrum; Meanwhile, on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of all the other 2 lasers, apply respectively the about 30V of initial control voltage that is converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter, every laser output frequency in all the other 2 lasers is adjusted to P
0+ Δ P
ii=1,2, frequency-splitting is that number of lasers equates substantially on the occasion of being negative value with frequency-splitting, the output frequency value of all lasers of whole laser array is evenly distributed on output peak value to reach best output state, and the output frequency value of frequency reference laser is positioned at the centre position of whole laser array output frequency; Like this, each difference frequency signal comprising in intermediate-freuqncy signal will occur with known order on frequency spectrum;
By Δ P
1=-1MHz, Δ P
1=+1.5MHz is as 2 frequency setting values; And voltage is adjusted to Directional Sign H be initialized as " 0 "; " 1 " represents to regulate to voltage augment direction, and " 0 " represents that reducing direction to voltage regulates;
(2) real-time detecting step:
Digital intermediate frequency signal and power digital signal that Real-time Obtaining analog to digital converter gathers, described digital intermediate frequency signal is obtained through analog to digital converter conversion by voltage intermediate-freuqncy signal, the laser beam that described voltage intermediate-freuqncy signal is launched by 3 lasers forms coherence laser beam after closing bundle, by interference signal detector, the difference frequency signal of coherence laser beam is transformed and is formed;
Described power digital signal is formed through analog to digital converter conversion by the laser power signal of frequency reference laser;
Described digital intermediate frequency signal is carried out to FFT conversion, convert the frequency spectrum obtaining and extract 3 crest frequencies from FFT, these 3 crest frequencies are the frequency-splitting being aliasing in intermediate-freuqncy signal; Deposit described power digital signal in power memory so that follow-up judgement sub-step (4.4) is used; Then carry out respectively step (3) and step (4) simultaneously;
(3) frequency stabilization control step, comprises following sub-step:
(3.1) frequency shift (FS) judges sub-step: according to the distribution sequence of each difference frequency signal known in step (1), by described 2 frequency setting value Δ P
1=-1MHz, Δ P
1=+1.5MHz and 2 crest frequency F corresponding in 3 crest frequencies that detect
1and F
2correspondence compares respectively, judges that whether it all equates, is to carry out sub-step (3.3), otherwise carries out sub-step (3.2); I=1,2;
(3.2) calculated rate correction voltage sub-step:
For the unequal each laser of frequency setting value and crest frequency wherein, according to the control voltage on the current piezoelectric ceramic transducer that is applied to each corresponding laser, in the frequency-voltage response curves of this laser, find the slope K of corresponding points
i, calculated rate correction voltage Δ V1
i=(F
i-Δ P
i)/K
i;
For each laser that wherein frequency setting value and crest frequency equate, by its corresponding Δ V1
iset to 0; I=1,2:
Frequency-the voltage response curves of described laser is the response curve that this laser output frequency changes piezoelectric ceramic transducer voltage;
(3.3) FREQUENCY CONTROL action sub-step:
Calculate and control voltage change amount Δ V
i: Δ V
i=Δ V1
i+ Δ V2
i;
Wherein, Δ V2
iread the frequency fluctuation causing for eliminating power regulation by bucking voltage memory;
By V
i+ Δ V
ivalue give V
i, then by V
ibe converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter, act on respectively on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of N-1 platform laser;
To control voltage change amount Δ V
i, frequency correction voltage Δ V1
iwith frequency compensation voltage Δ V2
ithe whole zero clearings of value; Go to step (2);
(4) power control step, comprises following sub-step:
(4.1) time delay triggers sub-step: set T=3 second time of delay, trigger power regulation one time second at interval of T, carry out sub-step (4.2);
(4.2) power control action sub-step: if voltage-regulation Directional Sign H is " 1 ", by V
kthe value of+VL is given V
k; If voltage-regulation Directional Sign H is " 0 ", by V
kthe value of-VL is given V
k; Wherein voltage is adjusted step-length VL=40mV; Then by V
kbe converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter, put on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of frequency reference laser, carry out sub-step (4.3);
(4.3) frequency compensation sub-step: other N-1 platform laser is carried out to frequency compensation:
According to current V
k, in the frequency-voltage response curves of frequency reference laser, find the slope K of corresponding points
kthereby, calculate the frequency fluctuation value Δ P that frequency reference laser produces
k=VLK
k, further according to Δ P
k, calculate the frequency compensation voltage Δ V2 of each laser
i=VLK
k/ K
i; And by frequency compensation voltage Δ V2
ideposit bucking voltage memory in; Carry out sub-step (4.4);
(4.4) judge sub-step: judge whether this voltage-regulation is allowing the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak state, to change voltage to adjust Directional Sign H, go to step (2), otherwise voltage is adjusted Directional Sign H and is remained unchanged, and goes to step (2).
In the present embodiment, the judgement sub-step (4.4) of power control step comprises one of following deterministic process:
A, calculate current frequency reference laser output power value and deduct the difference DELTA D of last power digital signal in described power memory, judge whether Δ D < Q, responsiveness threshold value Q=-8; Be the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value, otherwise the power output of frequency reference laser is not away from power output peak value;
B, calculate the voltage stored in described power memory and adjust that Directional Sign H is last and change after maximum in all power digital signals deduct the difference DELTA S of current frequency reference laser output power value, judge whether Δ S > G, decrease threshold value G=25; Be the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value, otherwise the power output of frequency reference laser is not away from power output peak value.
In Fig. 3, provided control effect schematic diagram of the present invention, in figure, transverse axis is that laser resonant cavity chamber is long, and the longitudinal axis is laser output power, and in figure, curve is the long curve in laser output power-chamber.
Taking three lasers as example, frequency reference laser 1 resonator is long is L2, and working point corresponding on the long curve in laser output power-chamber is A point; The first laser 2 working points are B point, and second laser 3 working points are C point.The median of the frequency of the working point A of frequency reference laser 1 in all lasers.As figure, will there is output peak point S in laser output energy P in a bit of scope of the long L of resonator.The present invention carries out the long regulation and control in lasting chamber to frequency reference laser 1, frequency reference laser 1 working point A is leveled off to and export peak point S.Be placed in its output peak at frequency reference laser works point A, and grow and control while making the first laser 2, second laser 3 keep the poor F1 of stabilized frequency, F2 with reference laser diode by chamber, due to laser chamber length and the corresponding relation of output frequency, the state in coupling is kept comparatively stable spacing by the long L3 of resonator of the long L1 of resonator of the first laser 2, the long L2 of resonator of frequency reference laser 1, second laser 3.Like this, the first laser 2 working point B and second laser 3 working point C will follow reference laser diode 1 working point A, and be stabilized in uniformly near certain limit output peak point S, thereby by control frequency reference laser diode 1 power stability, realize the function of whole interferometer laser group in desirable output environment.
Fig. 4 has provided control frequency reference laser diode 1 power in the present invention and has leveled off to the schematic diagram of power stage peak value, in figure, transverse axis is that laser resonant cavity chamber is long, and the longitudinal axis is laser output power, and in figure, curve is the amplification of the long curve in laser output power-chamber in peak value part.
As previously mentioned, the power regulation of frequency reference laser 1 piezoelectric ceramic transducer is adjusted with fixed voltage change step VL, and moved once every time T.Suppose after the good laser of initialization the control voltage V of frequency reference laser 1
k, just in time make frequency reference laser 1 working point in W1 point position, and initialization voltage adjustment is masked as " 0 ", delayed trigger sub-step (4.1) postpones, after T second, to trigger power control action sub-step (4.2), according to voltage adjustment mark " 0 ", and frequency reference laser control voltage V
kfrom currency V
0be adjusted into V
0-VL, frequency reference laser 1 service position drops to a W2 place, frequency compensation sub-step (4.3) calculates frequency compensation voltage Δ V2 simultaneously
1, Δ V2
2deposit bucking voltage memory in, because frequency reference laser 1 frequency-voltage curve is very large at the slope at W1 place, frequency reference laser 1 is down to the process that W2 orders from W1 point, power is excessive to the responsiveness of change in voltage, make W2 point power deduct the difference DELTA D < Q of W1 point power, judge that sub-step (4.4) makes the judgement of " allowing the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value " by deterministic process A, at once voltage is adjusted to mark and changed to " 1 ", when delayed trigger sub-step (4.1) triggers next time, power control action sub-step (4.2) will be controlled voltage V to increasing the voltage direction reference laser diode 1 of adjusting frequency with same step-length VL
kone step.Frequency compensation sub-step (4.3) calculates frequency compensation voltage Δ V2 simultaneously
1, Δ V2
2deposit bucking voltage memory in; Because voltage adjustment this time will make frequency reference laser 1 get back to and approach the position that W1 is ordered from W2 point position, its performance number increases, and judges that sub-step (4.4) can not make the judgement of " allowing the power output of frequency reference laser 1 away from power output peak value " by deterministic process A or B; Like this, power control step (4) is by the direction regulating frequency reference laser diode 1 that continues to increase to controlling voltage.Repeat said process, power control step (4) will be controlled the direction of the voltage reference laser diode 1 of progressively adjusting frequency to increase always, frequency reference laser 1 power output is moved to output peak value, until output peak point M is crossed in frequency reference laser 1 working point, and after certain power control action sub-step (4.2), arrive working point R; At this moment, changed voltage adjusts when direction from the last time working point of frequency reference laser 1, moves to current some working point R from W2 point; In this process, the maximum in all performance numbers that detecting step (2) stores in real time appears at while crossing output peak point M.Judge sub-step (4.4) by calculate this maximum power value deduct current power be worth poor, draw the conclusion of this difference DELTA S > G, and make the judgement of " allowing the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value " by deterministic process B, at once voltage is adjusted to mark and changed to " 0 ", the direction that regulating and controlling voltage is next time reduced to control voltage is carried out.Arrive certain some when Z until frequency reference laser 1 working point is crossed power stage peak value again, judge that sub-step makes the judgement of " allowing the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value " again by deterministic process A and deterministic process B.The rest may be inferred, frequency reference laser 1 will swing back and forth all the time between two two points that can make deterministic process A or deterministic process B make " allowing the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value " judgement of the current output peak value left and right sides, thereby is locked in dynamically power stage peak state.
Claims (4)
1. a control method for laser array, comprises initialization step, real-time detecting step, frequency stabilization control step and power control step, it is characterized in that:
(1) initialization step:
Determine for N station symbol the laser that output frequency is identical, optionally wherein one as frequency reference laser, on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of frequency reference laser, apply the control voltage V that is converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter
k=V
0, the reference laser diode of adjusting frequency is to demarcating output frequency P
0; Difference frequency signal between every two lasers forms intermediate-freuqncy signal jointly, and intermediate-freuqncy signal comprises altogether a difference frequency signal, 2≤N≤6;
According to concrete application demand, pre-determine the frequency-splitting Δ P between each laser output frequency and frequency reference laser output frequency in all the other N-1 platform lasers
i, i=1,2 ... N-1, Δ P
i=± 1KHz～± 1GHz, this N-1 frequency-splitting Δ P
imust meet the requirement that the individual difference frequency signal being produced by N platform laser there will not be aliasing on frequency spectrum; Meanwhile, on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of all the other N-1 platform lasers, apply respectively the control voltage V that is converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter
i, every laser output frequency in all the other N-1 platform lasers is adjusted to P
0+ Δ P
ifrequency-splitting is that number of lasers equates substantially on the occasion of being negative value with frequency-splitting, the output frequency value of all lasers of whole laser array is evenly distributed on output peak value to reach best output state, and the output frequency value of frequency reference laser is positioned at the centre position of whole laser array output frequency; Like this, each difference frequency signal comprising in intermediate-freuqncy signal will occur with known order on frequency spectrum;
By described N-1 frequency-splitting Δ P
ias N-1 frequency setting value; And voltage is adjusted to Directional Sign H be initialized as " 1 " or " 0 "; " 1 " represents to regulate to voltage augment direction, and " 0 " represents that reducing direction to voltage regulates;
(2) real-time detecting step:
Digital intermediate frequency signal and power digital signal that Real-time Obtaining analog to digital converter gathers, described digital intermediate frequency signal is obtained through analog to digital converter conversion by voltage intermediate-freuqncy signal, the laser beam that described voltage intermediate-freuqncy signal is launched by each laser forms coherence laser beam after closing bundle, by interference signal detector, the difference frequency signal of coherence laser beam is transformed and is formed;
Described power digital signal is formed through analog to digital converter conversion by the laser power signal of frequency reference laser;
Described digital intermediate frequency signal is carried out to FFT conversion, convert the frequency spectrum obtaining and extract from FFT
individual crest frequency, should
individual crest frequency is the frequency-splitting being aliasing in intermediate-freuqncy signal; Deposit described power digital signal in power memory so that follow-up judgement sub-step (4.4) is used; Then carry out respectively step (3) and step (4) simultaneously;
(3) frequency stabilization control step, comprises following sub-step:
(3.1) frequency shift (FS) judges sub-step: according to the distribution sequence of each difference frequency signal known in step (1), by described N-1 frequency setting value Δ P
iwith detect
n-1 crest frequency F of correspondence in individual crest frequency
i, correspondence compares respectively, judges that whether it all equates, is to carry out sub-step (3.3), otherwise carries out sub-step (3.2); I=1,2 ... N-1;
(3.2) calculated rate correction voltage sub-step:
For the unequal each laser of frequency setting value and crest frequency wherein, according to the control voltage on the current piezoelectric ceramic transducer that is applied to each corresponding laser, in the frequency-voltage response curves of this laser, find the slope K of corresponding points
i, calculated rate correction voltage Δ V1
i=(F
i-Δ P
i)/K
i;
For each laser that wherein frequency setting value and crest frequency equate, by its corresponding Δ V1
iset to 0; I=1,2 or N-1;
Frequency-the voltage response curves of described laser is the response curve that this laser output frequency changes piezoelectric ceramic transducer voltage;
(3.3) FREQUENCY CONTROL action sub-step:
Calculate and control voltage change amount Δ V
i: Δ V
i=Δ V1
i+ Δ V2
i;
Wherein, Δ V2
iread the frequency fluctuation causing for eliminating power regulation by bucking voltage memory;
By V
i+ Δ V
ivalue give V
i, then by V
ibe converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter, act on respectively on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of N-1 platform laser;
To control voltage change amount Δ V
i, frequency correction voltage Δ V1
iwith frequency compensation voltage Δ V2
ithe whole zero clearings of value; Go to step (2);
(4) power control step, comprises following sub-step:
(4.1) time delay triggers sub-step: set T time of delay, T=1～10 second, trigger power regulation one time at interval of T second, carry out sub-step (4.2);
(4.2) power control action sub-step: if voltage-regulation Directional Sign H is " 1 ", by V
kthe value of+VL is given V
k; If voltage-regulation Directional Sign H is " 0 ", by V
kthe value of-VL is given V
k; Wherein voltage is adjusted step-length VL=1mV～1V; Then by V
kbe converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter, put on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of frequency reference laser, carry out sub-step (4.3);
(4.3) frequency compensation sub-step: other N-1 platform laser is carried out to frequency compensation:
According to current V
k, in the frequency-voltage response curves of frequency reference laser, find the slope K of corresponding points
kthereby, calculate the frequency fluctuation value Δ P that frequency reference laser produces
k=VLK
k, further according to Δ P
k, calculate the frequency compensation voltage Δ V2 of each laser
i=VLK
k/ K
i; And by frequency compensation voltage Δ V2
ideposit bucking voltage memory in; Carry out sub-step (4.4);
(4.4) judge sub-step: judge whether this voltage-regulation is allowing the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak state, to change voltage to adjust Directional Sign H, go to step (2), otherwise voltage is adjusted Directional Sign H and is remained unchanged, and goes to step (2).
2. control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
The judgement sub-step (4.4) of described power control step comprises one of following process:
A, calculate current frequency reference laser output power value and deduct the difference DELTA D of last power digital signal in described power memory, judge whether Δ D < Q, responsiveness threshold value Q=-100～-1; Be the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value, otherwise the power output of frequency reference laser is not away from power output peak value;
B, calculate the voltage stored in described power memory and adjust that Directional Sign H is last and change after maximum in all power digital signals deduct the difference DELTA S of current frequency reference laser output power value, judge whether Δ S > G, decrease threshold value G=1～100; Be the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value, otherwise the power output of frequency reference laser is not away from power output peak value.
3. a control system for laser array, comprises initialization module, real-time detection module, frequency stabilization control module and power control module, it is characterized in that:
(1) initialization module:
Determine for N station symbol the laser that output frequency is identical, optionally wherein one as frequency reference laser, on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of frequency reference laser, apply the control voltage V that is converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter
k=V
0, the reference laser diode of adjusting frequency is to demarcating output frequency P
0; Difference frequency signal between every two lasers forms intermediate-freuqncy signal jointly, and intermediate-freuqncy signal comprises altogether a difference frequency signal, 2≤N≤6;
According to concrete application demand, pre-determine the frequency-splitting Δ P between each laser output frequency and frequency reference laser output frequency in all the other N-1 platform lasers
i, i=1,2 ... N-1, Δ P
i=± 1KHz～± 1GHz, this N-1 frequency-splitting Δ P
imust meet the requirement that the individual difference frequency signal being produced by N platform laser there will not be aliasing on frequency spectrum; Meanwhile, on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of all the other N-1 platform lasers, apply respectively the control voltage V that is converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter
i, every laser output frequency in all the other N-1 platform lasers is adjusted to P
0+ Δ P
ifrequency-splitting is that number of lasers equates substantially on the occasion of being negative value with frequency-splitting, the output frequency value of all lasers of whole laser array is evenly distributed on output peak value to reach best output state, and the output frequency value of frequency reference laser is positioned at the centre position of whole laser array output frequency; Like this, each difference frequency signal comprising in intermediate-freuqncy signal will occur with known order on frequency spectrum;
By described N-1 frequency-splitting Δ P
ias N-1 frequency setting value; And voltage is adjusted to Directional Sign H be initialized as " 1 " or " 0 "; " 1 " represents to regulate to voltage augment direction, and " 0 " represents that reducing direction to voltage regulates;
(2) real-time detection module:
Digital intermediate frequency signal and power digital signal that Real-time Obtaining analog to digital converter gathers, described digital intermediate frequency signal is obtained through analog to digital converter conversion by voltage intermediate-freuqncy signal, the laser beam that described voltage intermediate-freuqncy signal is launched by each laser forms coherence laser beam after closing bundle, by interference signal detector, the difference frequency signal of coherence laser beam is transformed and is formed;
Described power digital signal is formed through analog to digital converter conversion by the laser power signal of frequency reference laser;
Described digital intermediate frequency signal is carried out to FFT conversion, convert the frequency spectrum obtaining and extract from FFT
individual crest frequency, should
individual crest frequency is the frequency-splitting being aliasing in intermediate-freuqncy signal; Deposit described power digital signal in power memory so that follow-up judgement submodule (4.4) uses; Then carry out respectively module (3) and module (4) simultaneously;
(3) frequency stabilization control module, comprises following submodule:
(3.1) frequency shift (FS) judges submodule: according to the distribution sequence of each difference frequency signal known in step (1), by described N-1 frequency setting value Δ P
iwith detect
n-1 crest frequency F of correspondence in individual crest frequency
i, correspondence compares respectively, judges that whether it all equates, is to carry out submodule (3.3), otherwise carries out submodule (3.2); I=1,2 ... N-1;
(3.2) calculated rate correction voltage submodule:
For the unequal each laser of frequency setting value and crest frequency wherein, according to the control voltage on the current piezoelectric ceramic transducer that is applied to each corresponding laser, in the frequency-voltage response curves of this laser, find the slope K of corresponding points
i, calculated rate correction voltage Δ V1
i=(F
i-Δ P
i)/K
i;
For each laser that wherein frequency setting value and crest frequency equate, by its corresponding Δ V1
iset to 0; I=1,2 or N-1;
Frequency-the voltage response curves of described laser is the response curve that this laser output frequency changes piezoelectric ceramic transducer voltage;
(3.3) FREQUENCY CONTROL action submodule:
Calculate and control voltage change amount Δ V
i: Δ V
i=Δ V1
i+ Δ V2
i;
Wherein, Δ V2
iread the frequency fluctuation causing for eliminating power regulation by bucking voltage memory;
By V
i+ Δ V
ivalue give V
i, then by V
ibe converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter, act on respectively on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of N-1 platform laser;
To control voltage change amount Δ V
i, frequency correction voltage Δ V1
iwith frequency compensation voltage Δ V2
ithe whole zero clearings of value; Revolving die piece (2);
(4) power control module, comprises following submodule:
(4.1) time delay triggers submodule: set T time of delay, T=1～10 second, trigger power regulation one time at interval of T second, carry out submodule (4.2); This time of delay, T was sufficiently more than the time scale of real-time frequency control, moved caused frequency fluctuation to make real-time frequency control can suppress timely power regulation,
(4.2) power control action submodule: if voltage-regulation Directional Sign H is " 1 ", by V
kthe value of+VL is given V
k; If voltage-regulation Directional Sign H is " 0 ", by V
kthe value of-VL is given V
k; Wherein voltage is adjusted step-length VL=1mV～1V; Then by V
kbe converted to analog quantity through digital to analog converter, put on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer of frequency reference laser, carry out submodule (4.3);
(4.3) frequency compensation submodule: other N-1 platform laser is carried out to frequency compensation:
According to current V
k, in the frequency-voltage response curves of frequency reference laser, find the slope K of corresponding points
kthereby, calculate the frequency fluctuation value Δ P that frequency reference laser produces
k=VLK
k, further according to Δ P
k, calculate the frequency compensation voltage Δ V2 of each laser
i=VLK
k/ K
i; And by frequency compensation voltage Δ V2
ideposit bucking voltage memory in; Carry out submodule (4.4);
(4.4) judge submodule: judge whether this voltage-regulation is allowing the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak state, to change voltage to adjust Directional Sign H, go to step (2), otherwise voltage is adjusted Directional Sign H and is remained unchanged, revolving die piece (2).
4. the judgement submodule (4.4) of power control module carries out one of following deterministic process as claimed in claim 3:
A, calculate current frequency reference laser output power value and deduct the difference DELTA D of last power digital signal in described power memory, judge whether Δ D < Q, responsiveness threshold value Q=-100～-1; Be the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value, otherwise the power output of frequency reference laser is not away from power output peak value;
B, calculate the voltage stored in described power memory and adjust that Directional Sign H is last and change after maximum in all power digital signals deduct the difference DELTA S of current frequency reference laser output power value, judge whether Δ S > G, decrease threshold value G=1～100; Be the power output of frequency reference laser away from power output peak value, otherwise the power output of frequency reference laser is not away from power output peak value.
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