CN104217126B - One kind is based on low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk road routing resource - Google Patents

One kind is based on low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk road routing resource Download PDF

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CN104217126B
CN104217126B CN201410475413.5A CN201410475413A CN104217126B CN 104217126 B CN104217126 B CN 104217126B CN 201410475413 A CN201410475413 A CN 201410475413A CN 104217126 B CN104217126 B CN 104217126B
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road
end points
discrete
air
pollution exposure
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CN104217126A (en
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邹滨
郑忠
徐铮
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Central South University
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Central South University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk road routing resource, high-spatial and temporal resolution multiple linear regression cartographic model is built first, generation updates each air pollutants hour concentration trend surface in regional extent to be searched with dynamic;Secondly, according to optimal spacing by road it is discrete be road segment segment, with reference to air pollutants hour concentration trend surface, extract air pollutants exposure concentrations, take the running time in road segment segment into account, each road segment segment air pollution exposure weight is calculated, and is sued for peace by accumulating, the corresponding air pollution exposure weight of road is estimated;Finally, based on the corresponding air pollution exposure weight of each bar road after real-time dynamic estimation, selection has low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk road path, and combine the road speed limit data calculating predicted travel time, judge whether to need to be updated the Path selection with this such that it is able to provide the road Path selection suggestion for evading air pollution risk to the public accurately and in time.

Description

One kind is based on low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk road routing resource
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of sudden and violent based on low air pollution the present invention relates to environmental risk assessment and traffic intelligent navigation field Divulge a secret dangerous road routing resource.
Background technology
Global air pollution worldwide causes a series of environment and health problem, makes the existence of the mankind and hair Exhibition is subject to stern challenge.Especially as the China of developing country, pollute in the world among 10 cities of most serious, have Nearly 7 are located at China, and the situation of its air pollution allows of no optimist;According to WHO:The increase of pollutants in air concentration and resident The rising of the death rate is closely related, average daily PM10Pollution concentration often rises 10ug/m3, crowd's general mortality rate will rise 0.6%, especially It is directed to sensitive group (for example:The patient of the diseases such as chronic bronchitis, lung cancer) air pollution harm it is especially notable;It is alive Boundary's majority state takes reduction discharge of pollutant sources reduction air quality concentration to specify that the measure of safety value is hard to work in short term to WHO In the case of, from the angle for ensureing health, with important theory significance and more practical value.
Daily walking or the trip suction air pollutants that ride public transportation means, are that public's air pollution exposure is originated most One of main approach.Therefore, charted based on air pollution concentration high-spatial and temporal resolution, optimize trip route, be a kind of guidance The public effectively evades one of important means of air pollution relevant health infringement.
But in the travel route choice method for currently existing, most methods only consider rising for road Path selection Distance is most short, road conditions are best, the time is minimum, price is minimum, most beautiful etc. factor of landscape between point and terminal, or based on dynamic road Bus traffic conditions real-time optimal path for resident provides;Consider the factor of the above, reduce air pollution exposure health and damage There is not been reported for road routing resource for the purpose of evil.
Therefore, using each monitoring station position air pollutants hour concentration Monitoring Data and friendship in regional extent to be searched Passway spatial distribution, the distribution of airborne dust spatial surface, the density of population, land use pattern percentage, temperature, wind speed, humidity etc. Assistance data, based on Least square-fit, build high-spatial and temporal resolution multiple linear regression cartographic model, in real time generation with Dynamic updates each air pollutants hour concentration trend surface in regional extent to be searched;Secondly, according to optimal spacing by road from It is road segment segment to dissipate, and with reference to each air pollutants hour concentration trend surface in the range of area to be repaired, extracts and updates each sky of road segment segment Gas pollutant exposure concentrations, and exposure response relation using it between fatal rate is used as air pollution exposure coefficient, turns round and look at And running time of the vehicles in road segment segment, each road segment segment air pollution exposure weight is calculated, and sue for peace in accumulation On the basis of, real-time dynamic estimation is carried out to the corresponding air pollution exposure weight of each bar road;Finally, based on dynamic in real time The corresponding air pollution exposure weight of each bar road after state estimation, selection has low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk Road Footpath, and the road speed limit data calculating predicted travel time is combined, judge whether to need to be updated the Path selection with this, from And the road Path selection suggestion for evading air pollution risk can be provided to the public accurately and in time.
The content of the invention
In order to realize that providing the traffic route Path selection for evading air pollution risk to the public accurately and in time builds View, to formulate scientific and effective prevention and control measure purpose, the technical scheme is that, a kind of road of low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk Road routing resource, comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Locus and each air pollutants hour concentration based on each monitoring station in regional extent to be searched Dynamic monitoring data, spatial distribution data, envirment factor data with reference to the traffic route after spatialization and airborne dust earth's surface build High-spatial and temporal resolution multiple linear regression cartographic model based on criterion of least squares, estimates each air in regional extent to be searched Pollutant hour concentration trend surface;
Step 2:Based on air pollutants hour concentration trend surface in step 1 regional extent to be searched, distance monitoring is calculated Coefficient correlation between the nearest traffic route discrete point of site location and each air pollutants hour concentration of monitoring station, then Coefficient correlation according to obtaining determines the discrete optimal spacing of road;And according to optimal spacing by road it is discrete be road segment segment, with reference to Each air pollutants hour concentration trend surface extracts each air pollutants hour exposure concentrations of road segment segment in the range of area to be repaired, with Exposure response relation between each air pollutants hour exposure concentrations and fatal rate calculates each air pollutants exposure system Number, then using air pollutants exposure coefficient and running time of the vehicles in road segment segment, calculates each road segment segment Air pollution exposure weight, each bar is obtained finally by summation is accumulated to each road segment segment air pollution exposure weight Road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio;
Step 3:Based on each bar road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio that step 2 is calculated, low air pollution is carried out The selection in exposure road path;Then according to road speed limit data, the low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk according to selection is calculated Road route, it is necessary to spend time, and combine low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk road Path selection at the beginning of carve and Each monitoring station air pollutants hour concentration renewable time, judges to be updated in each monitoring station air pollutants hour concentration When, can people or transport facility reach home, and determine the need for reselecting path with this, low so as to realize The real-time dynamic select in air pollution exposure road path.
A kind of road routing resource of described low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk, the road described in step 2 is discrete The determination of optimal spacing, comprises the following steps:
Step 1):Because each monitoring station air pollutant concentration updates according to hour, therefore, road Path selection all bases In the integral point moment;If the selection moment in road path is T, corresponding integral point moment t at moment T is obtained;For example:The choosing in road path Selects be constantly T=16:32, moment the T corresponding integral point moment are 16 points;
Step 2):In t according to fixed discrete interval dt, by each bar road in regional extent to be searched it is discrete be with The a plurality of road segment segment of equal length d, and according to the middle point coordinates of each discrete rear road segment segment, generate a series of traffic routes discrete Point;
Step 3):With each monitoring station as the center of circle, by the traffic route discrete point nearest apart from monitoring station position and its Matched, and based on t air pollutants hour concentration trend surface in regional extent to be searched, handed over after extracting these matchings The corresponding each air pollutant concentration of passway discrete point position t, according to below equation, calculates its coefficient correlation:
Wherein, Yi j,tThe monitoring concentration of t monitoring station j positions air pollutants types i is represented,Represent t The average value of the monitoring concentration of monitoring station position air pollutants type i,Represent history t apart from monitoring station position The monitoring concentration of nearest traffic route discrete point j positions air pollutants type i is put,Represent t apart from monitoring station The average value of the monitoring concentration of the nearest traffic route discrete point air pollutants type i in position, n represents monitoring station number, Monitoring station number is consistent with the traffic route discrete point number nearest apart from monitoring station position, and m represents that monitoring station is monitored Air pollutants species number, RtIt is t coefficient correlation, RtAbsolute value is bigger to represent each air pollutants of t monitoring station The correlation of concentration and the traffic route discrete point each air pollutants nearest apart from monitoring station position is stronger, after road is discrete Road discrete point it is representative stronger, road discrete interval is better, and span is between [- 1,1];
Step 4):In 100m-1000m interval ranges, change road discrete interval dt, and repeat the above steps 1) -3), The all coefficient Rs for obtaining are calculated in ttIn, choose the discrete interval corresponding to maximum valueAs t The discrete optimal spacing of road.
A kind of road routing resource of described low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk, the determination road described in step 2 The calculating of each bar road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio is comprised the following steps after discrete optimal spacing:
Step 1):Based on the discrete optimal spacing of t roadAccording to the title of each bar road, respectively by area to be searched It is with equal length d that each bar road is discrete in the range of domain0Road segment segment, and record the traffic road representated by discrete rear road segment segment Road;
Step 2):Calculate the air pollution exposure coefficient corresponding to each road segment segment of t:
Wherein,Represent t road j it is discrete after the corresponding air pollution exposure coefficients of road segment segment k, MiGeneration Table air pollutants type is the fatal rate of i,Represent the sky that the discrete rear road segment segment k of t road j are extracted in point midway Gas pollutant type is the exposure concentrations of i,It is the exposure threshold concentration of i to represent air pollutants type, and m represents empty Gas pollutant kind number;Fatal rate is such as:M1、M2、M3、M4、M5、M6Air pollutants PM is represented respectively2.5、PM10、SO2、CO、NO2、 O3Fatal rate.
Step 3):Calculate the air pollution exposure weight corresponding to each road segment segment of t:
Wherein,Represent t road j it is discrete after the corresponding air pollution exposure weights of road segment segment k,Generation The discrete optimal spacing of table t road, VjRepresent the maximum limit speed of traffic route j;
Step 4):Calculate each bar road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio:
Wherein, Wj,tRepresent t road j air pollution exposure weights, n represent road j it is discrete after road segment segment Number.
A kind of road routing resource of described low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk, step 3 low-to-medium altitude gas Pollution exposure Risk road path dynamic selection method, comprises the following steps:
Step 1):With the location of people or transport facility as the center of circle, and the buffering area with r as radius is built, and Gradually increase the radius of buffering area, stop during end points comprising any road in the range of buffering area, and by the road End points as road Path selection starting point;Similarly, the position for reaching is needed as the center of circle with people or transport facility, and is built Buffering area with r as radius, and gradually increase the radius of buffering area, the end points comprising any road in the range of buffering area When stop, and using the end points of the road as road Path selection terminal;Based on each bar road of t calculated in step 2 Air pollution exposure weight, undirected being fully connected is built with all roads between the beginning and end of road Path selection Figure;
Step 2):If the starting point of t road Path selection isAnd the attribute is labeled as (Start, 0);If The terminal of road Path selection isZequinThere is air between all road end points of annexation to it The minimum value of Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio, and mark the road end points corresponding to the minimum value to beAttribute is labeled as:
Represent via To road end pointsBetween air pollution exposure weight Minimum value beAnd because road end points isIt is joined directly together with starting point, there is relation in above-mentioned attribute mark:
Wherein Wi,tRepresent t road end pointsTo road end pointsBetween road i air pollutions exposure power Weight, in addition to above-mentioned road end points, remaining road end points is not labeled road end points, sets two setWithRespectively Road end points and not labeled road end points that above-mentioned t has been labeled are stored, be that is to say:
Step 3):If road end points isWithThere is annexation;T is via the road end points being labeled From the starting point of road Path selectionTo not labeled road end pointsBetween all road end points constitute corresponding to paths Air pollution exposure weight summation minimum value;
Wherein,Represent starting point of the t from road Path selectionTo road end pointsBetween all roads End points constitutes the minimum value of the air pollution exposure weight summation corresponding to path,Represent t from Road The starting point of footpath selectionTo road end pointsBetween air pollution exposure weight minimum value, Wj,tRepresent t road End pointsTo road end pointsBetween road j air pollution exposure weights;As fruit part has been labeled and is not labeled Do not exist annexation between road end points, by the weighted value W of air pollution exposure between these end pointsj,tIt is set to infinite Greatly;
Step 4):Dynamic set O is built simultaneouslyt, repeat the above steps and 3) calculate successively and store t via set In the road end points that has been labeledOrThe starting point of road Path selectionTo road Extreme points setIn institute There is not labeled road end pointsBetween air pollution exposure weight corresponding to path The minimum value of summation;
Step 5):Ask for above-mentioned t dynamic set OtIn minimum value:
Step 6):Above-mentioned dynamic set OtIn minimum valueCorresponding road end pointsIt is labeled as:
Wherein, the mark is expressed as:T is via road end pointsFrom the starting point of Model choicesTo labeled Road end pointsBetween all road end points constitute the minimum value of the air pollution exposure weight summation corresponding to paths;
Step 7):Update setWith
Step 8):Repeat step 1) -7), until the terminal of t road Path selectionIt is labeled to think:
Road Path selection terminates;The terminal of road Path selection is searched forwardPrevious correspondence road end points And enter line search successively, the starting point until returning to t road Path selectionSo as to finally determine all mark roads terminal The order of connection of point, has the road routing scheme of minimum air Pollution exposure risk with this determination;
Step 9):According to the road path of the minimum air Pollution exposure risk of above-mentioned steps selection, with reference in the path The speed limit data of each bar road, calculate people or transport facility predicted travel time;
Wherein, Δ t represents predicted travel time, SjRepresent the length of traffic route j, VjRepresent the highest limit of traffic route j Speed processed, u represents the bar number of all roads in the selection result of road path;
Step 10):Such as step 2) as described in, if the selection moment T in road path, the T+ Δs t corresponding integral point moment is obtained, when When the moment is t, represent that people or transport facility are advanced according to the path of current time t Model choices, it is each at the t+1 moment Before the air pollutants hour concentration Monitoring Data issue of monitoring station position, can reach home, low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk Road Path selection terminates;When the moment being t+1, represent people or transport facility according to current time t Model choices Path advance, before the issue of t+1 moment each monitoring station position air pollutants hour concentration Monitoring Data, fail to reach eventually Point as starting point, people or transport facility using t+1 moment people or transport facility present position, it is necessary to need to arrive again The position for reaching according to the t+1 moment each air pollutant concentration trend surface after step 1 real-time update, and repeats to walk as terminal Rapid 2, step 3, t+1 moment each bar road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio is updated with dynamic in real time, carries out t+1 moment low latitudes gas The real-time dynamic select in Pollution exposure risk road path.
Compared with the conventional method, the technical effects of the invention are that:(1) this method is based on each in regional extent to be searched Monitoring station position air pollutants hour concentration Monitoring Data and path space distribution, the distribution of airborne dust spatial surface and population are close The envirment factor assistance data such as degree, land use pattern percentage, temperature, wind speed, humidity, based on Least square-fit, By arithmetic of linearity regression, a kind of high-spatial and temporal resolution air pollutant concentration drafting method of invention;(2) while we Method exposes wind using the exposure response relation between each air pollution exposure concentrations of road segment segment and fatal rate as each air pollutants Dangerous coefficient, calculates each road segment segment air pollution exposure weight, and on the basis of summation is accumulated, a kind of road pair of invention The air pollution exposure weight answered carries out real-time dynamic estimation method;(3) this method or a kind of low latitude gas Pollution exposure Risk road routing resource, required technology and data can be obtained in real time, and algorithm is more efficient, can in time, it is accurate The road Path selection suggestion for evading air pollution risk really is provided to the public.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows low-to-medium altitude gas Pollution exposure risk road path of the present invention dynamic selection method flow chart;
Fig. 2 shows that the discrete optimal spacing of road determines schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the various air pollutants exposure concentrations schematic diagram calculations of road segment segment in the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows low-to-medium altitude gas Pollution exposure risk road path of the present invention dynamic selection method schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 shows low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk road path dynamic select result figure according to embodiments of the present invention;
Specific embodiment:
Here is to a preferred embodiment of the invention, with reference to the detailed description that accompanying drawing is carried out.
1st, air pollutant concentration trend surface dynamic estimation, air pollutants in the regional extent to be searched that the present invention is used The step of concentration trends face dynamic estimation, includes:
First, the locus of each monitoring station and each air pollutants hour concentration in regional extent to be searched are obtained dynamic (pollutant includes state Monitoring Data:PM2.5、PM10、SO2、CO、NO2、O3);Meanwhile, obtain the sky of traffic route and airborne dust earth's surface Between distributed data, and collect environment factor data in regional extent to be searched, including:The density of population, land use pattern percentage Than, temperature, wind speed, humidity;
Secondly, set spacing distance z, by region of search according to z × z sizes grid partition be grid region, according to upper The traffic route and airborne dust spatial surface distributed data of acquisition are stated, any grid positions in space and friendship in computation grid region respectively The distance of passway, airborne dust earth's surface, and using these distances as area variable, realize traffic route, the distribution of airborne dust spatial surface The spatialization of data;Meanwhile, to the density of population, temperature, wind speed, humidity data in the regional extent to be searched that is collected into using empty The method of interpolation carries out spatialization;Because land use pattern percent data has been the data after spatialization, be not required into Row treatment;
Again, using various air pollutant concentrations hour dynamic monitoring data as dependent variable, after above-mentioned spatialization Spatial distribution data, the envirment factor data of traffic route and airborne dust earth's surface, in each monitoring station position, build as independent variable High-spatial and temporal resolution multiple linear regression cartographic model based on criterion of least squares;On this basis, it is grid region is hollow Between the characteristic variable extracted of any grid positions be input to above-mentioned model, estimate that each air pollutants are dense in regional extent to be searched Degree trend surface;Specific calculating process is as follows:
1) regression model between dependent variable and independent variable is built, is shown below:
Y=a0+a1X1+a2X2+…+aiXi+…+anXn+u
In formula, Y is dependent variable (air pollutants hour concentration Monitoring Data), XiIt is that independent variable (spatial distribution data, is raised The spatial distribution data and envirment factor data of dirt earth's surface), n is the number of independent variable, aiIt is unknown parameter, u stochastic errors;
2) according to least square method rule, a is determinediAnd u;
3) a is tried to achieve according to above step (2)iIt is unknown parameter and u stochastic errors, calculates any grid positions in space Locate the estimate C of air pollutants hour concentration estimated data, formula is as follows:
C=a0+a1x1+a2x2+…+aixi+…+anxn
Wherein, C be any grid positions in space at air pollutants hour concentration data obtain estimated value, xiIt is space to be The actual measurement of any grid positions characteristic variable (spatial distribution data, the spatial distribution data of airborne dust earth's surface and envirment factor data) Value;
Finally, according to each air pollutants hour concentration dynamic monitoring data in monitoring station position, (pollutant includes: PM2.5、PM10、SO2、CO、NO2、O3), according to above-mentioned steps, each air pollutants hour in dynamic estimation regional extent to be searched Concentration trends face.
2nd, the determination of the discrete optimal spacing of road, the discrete optimal spacing of road that the present invention is used determines that step includes:
Firstly, since each monitoring station air pollutant concentration updates according to hour, therefore road Path selection is all based on The integral point moment;If the selection moment in road path is T, the integral point moment t at moment T is obtained;For example:The selection moment in road path It is T=16:32, moment the T corresponding integral point moment are 16 points;
Secondly, as shown in Fig. 2 in t according to fixed discrete interval dt, by each bar road in regional extent to be searched from It is a plurality of road segment segment with equal length d to dissipate, and according to the middle point coordinates of each discrete rear road segment segment, generates a series of traffic roads Road discrete point;
Again, with each monitoring station as the center of circle, the traffic route discrete point nearest apart from monitoring station position is entered with it Row matching, and based on t air pollutants hour concentration trend surface in regional extent to be searched, extract traffic after these matchings The corresponding each air pollutant concentration of road discrete point position t, according to below equation, calculates its coefficient correlation;
Wherein, Yi j,tThe monitoring concentration of t monitoring station j positions air pollutants types i is represented,Represent t The average value of the monitoring concentration of monitoring station position air pollutants type i,Represent history t apart from monitoring station position The monitoring concentration of nearest traffic route discrete point j positions air pollutants type i is put,Represent t apart from monitoring station The average value of the monitoring concentration of the nearest traffic route discrete point air pollutants type i in position, n represents monitoring station number, Monitoring station number is consistent with the traffic route discrete point number nearest apart from monitoring station position, and m represents that monitoring station is monitored Air pollutants species number, RtIt is t coefficient correlation, RtAbsolute value is bigger to represent each air pollutants of t monitoring station The correlation of concentration and the traffic route discrete point each air pollutants nearest apart from monitoring station position is stronger, after road is discrete Road discrete point it is representative stronger, road discrete interval is better, and span is between [- 1,1];
Finally, in 100m-1000m interval ranges, road discrete interval d is changedt, and repeat the above steps, in t Calculate all coefficient Rs for obtainingtIn, choose the discrete interval corresponding to maximum valueIt is discrete as t road Optimal spacing.
3rd, the dynamic estimation of road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio, the road air Pollution exposure risk that the present invention is used The step of weight dynamic estimation, includes:
First, the discrete optimal spacing of t road for being determined based on above-mentioned steps 2According to the title of each bar road, point Not by each bar road in regional extent to be searched it is discrete be with equal length d0Road segment segment, and record discrete rear road segment segment institute The traffic route of representative;
Secondly, the air pollution exposure coefficient corresponding to each road segment segment of t is calculated:
Wherein,Represent t road j it is discrete after the corresponding air pollution exposure coefficients of road segment segment k, MiGeneration Table air pollutants type is the fatal rate of i,Represent the sky that the discrete rear road segment segment k of t road j are extracted in point midway Gas pollutant type is the exposure concentrations of i,It is the exposure threshold concentration of i to represent air pollutants type, and m represents air Pollutant kind number;Fatal rate is such as:M1、M2、M3、M4、M5、M6Air pollutants PM is represented respectively2.5、PM10、SO2、CO、NO2、O3 Fatal rate
Again, the air pollution exposure weight corresponding to each road segment segment of t is calculated:
Wherein,Represent t road j it is discrete after the corresponding air pollution exposure weights of road segment segment k,Generation The discrete optimal spacing of table t road, VjRepresent the maximum limit speed of traffic route j;
Finally, each bar road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio is calculated:
Wherein, Wj,tRepresent t road j air pollution exposure weights, n represent road j it is discrete after road segment segment Number.
4th, low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk road path dynamic selection method, the low latitude gas Pollution exposure wind that the present invention is used Dangerous road path dynamic select step includes:
First, as shown in figure 4, with the location of people or transport facility as the center of circle, and build slow with r as radius Area is rushed, and gradually increases the radius of buffering area, stopped when the end points of any road is included in the range of buffering area, and should The end points of road as road Path selection starting point;Similarly, the position for reaching is needed as the center of circle with people or transport facility, The buffering area with r as radius is built with and built, and gradually increases the radius of buffering area, any one is included in the range of buffering area During the end points of bar road stop, and using the end points of the road as road Path selection terminal;
Then, as shown in figure 4, based on above-mentioned steps 2 calculate each bar road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio of t, Figure is fully connected so that all roads structure between the beginning and end of road Path selection is undirected;
Finally, as shown in figure 4, based on the not dynamic change of each bar road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio in the same time, entering Trade road path dynamic select, specific calculating process is as follows:
1) set the starting point of t road Path selection asAnd the attribute is labeled as (Start, 0);If road The terminal of Path selection isZequinThere is air pollution between all road end points of annexation to it The minimum value of exposure weight, and mark the road end points corresponding to the minimum value;Here set the road end points asAttribute It is labeled as:
Represent via To road end pointsBetween the minimum value of air pollution exposure weight beAnd because road end points isIt is joined directly together with starting point, there is relation in above-mentioned attribute mark:
Wherein Wi,tRepresent t road end pointsTo road end pointsBetween road i air pollutions exposure power Weight, in addition to above-mentioned road end points, remaining road end points is not labeled road end points, sets two setWithRespectively Road end points and not labeled road end points that above-mentioned t has been labeled are stored, be that is to say:
2) t is via the road end points being labeledFrom the starting point of road Path selectionTo what is be not labeled Road end pointsBetween all road end points constitute the minimum value of the air pollution exposure weight summation corresponding to paths;
Wherein,Represent starting point of the t from road Path selectionTo road end pointsBetween all roads End points constitutes the minimum value of the air pollution exposure weight summation corresponding to path,Represent t from road path The starting point of selectionTo road end pointsBetween air pollution exposure weight minimum value, Wj,tRepresent t road terminal PointTo road end pointsBetween road j air pollution exposure weights;As fruit part has been labeled and not labeled road Do not exist annexation between terminal point, by the weighted value W of air pollution exposure between these end pointsj,tIt is set to infinity;
3) while building dynamic set Ot, repeat the above steps and 2) calculate successively and store t via setIn Labeled road end pointsOrThe starting point of road Path selectionTo road Extreme points setIn it is all not Labeled road end pointsBetween air pollution exposure weight summation corresponding to path Minimum value;
4) above-mentioned t dynamic set O is asked fortIn minimum value:
5) above-mentioned dynamic set OtIn minimum valueCorresponding road end pointsIt is labeled as:
Wherein, the mark is expressed as:T is via road end pointsFrom the starting point of Model choicesTo labeled Road end pointsBetween all road end points constitute the minimum value of the air pollution exposure weight summation corresponding to paths;
6) set is updatedWith
7) repeat step 1) -6), until the terminal of t road Path selectionIt is labeled to think:
Road Path selection terminates;Road Path selection terminal is searched forwardPrevious correspondence road end pointsAnd Enter line search successively, the starting point until returning to t road Path selectionSo as to finally determine all mark road end points The order of connection, there is the road routing scheme of minimum air Pollution exposure risk with this determination;
8) the road path of the minimum air Pollution exposure risk selected according to above-mentioned steps, with reference to path Zhong Getiao roads The speed limit data on road, calculate people or transport facility predicted travel time;
Wherein, Δ t represents predicted travel time, SjRepresent the length of traffic route j, VjRepresent the highest limit of traffic route j Speed processed, u represents the bar number of all roads in the selection result of road path;
9) as described in step 2, if the selection moment T in road path, the T+ Δs t corresponding integral point moment is obtained, when the moment During for t, represent that people or transport facility are advanced according to the path of current time t Model choices, in t+1 moment each monitoring station Before the air pollutants hour concentration Monitoring Data issue of point position, can reach home, low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk Road Footpath selection terminates;When the moment being t+1, the path of people or transport facility according to current time t Model choices is represented Advance, before each monitoring station position air pollutants hour concentration Monitoring Data issue of t+1 moment, fail to reach home, need Again to need what is reached as starting point, people or transport facility using t+1 moment people or transport facility present position Position as terminal, according to the t+1 moment each air pollutant concentration trend surface after step 1 real-time update, and repeat step 2, Step 3, t+1 moment each bar road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio is updated with dynamic in real time, carries out the low air pollution of t+1 moment The real-time dynamic select in exposure road path.
More than to of the invention being discussed in detail in, apply specific case is carried out to principle of the invention and implementation method Illustrate, the explanation of above example is only intended to help and understands the method for the present invention and its core concept.Simultaneously for ability The those skilled in the art in domain, according to thought of the invention, will change in specific embodiments and applications, comprehensive Upper described, this specification content should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of road routing resource of low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1:Locus and each air pollutants hour concentration dynamic based on each monitoring station in regional extent to be searched Monitoring Data, spatial distribution data, envirment factor data with reference to the traffic route after spatialization and airborne dust earth's surface, structure is based on The high-spatial and temporal resolution multiple linear regression cartographic model of criterion of least squares, estimates each air pollution in regional extent to be searched Thing hour concentration trend surface;
Step 2:Based on air pollutants hour concentration trend surface in step 1 regional extent to be searched, calculate apart from monitoring station Coefficient correlation between the nearest traffic route discrete point in position and each air pollutants hour concentration of monitoring station, then basis The coefficient correlation for obtaining determines the discrete optimal spacing of road;And according to optimal spacing by road it is discrete be road segment segment, with reference to be repaired Each air pollutants hour concentration trend surface extracts each air pollutants hour exposure concentrations of road segment segment in the range of multiple area, with each sky Exposure response relation between gas pollutant hour exposure concentrations and fatal rate calculates each air pollutants exposure coefficient, so Afterwards using air pollutants exposure coefficient and running time of the vehicles in road segment segment, each road segment segment air is calculated dirty Dye exposure weight, each bar road sky is obtained finally by summation is accumulated to each road segment segment air pollution exposure weight Gas Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio;
Step 3:Based on each bar road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio that step 2 is calculated, low latitude gas Pollution exposure is carried out The selection in risk road path;Then according to road speed limit data, the low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk road according to selection is calculated Route at the beginning of the time for spending, and combination low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk road Path selection, it is necessary to carve and each prison Survey station point air pollutants hour concentration renewable time, judges when each monitoring station air pollutants hour concentration updates, people Or can transport facility reach home, determine the need for reselecting path with this, so as to realize low latitude gas The real-time dynamic select in Pollution exposure risk road path;
The determination of the discrete optimal spacing of road described in step 2, comprises the following steps:
Step 1):Because each monitoring station air pollutant concentration updates according to hour, therefore, road Path selection is all based on whole The point moment;If the selection moment in road path is T, corresponding integral point moment t at moment T is obtained;
Step 2):In t according to fixed discrete interval dt, it is with identical by each bar road is discrete in regional extent to be searched The a plurality of road segment segment of length d, and according to the middle point coordinates of each discrete rear road segment segment, generate a series of traffic route discrete points;
Step 3):With each monitoring station as the center of circle, the traffic route discrete point nearest apart from monitoring station position is carried out with it Matching, and based on t air pollutants hour concentration trend surface in regional extent to be searched, extract traffic road after these matchings The corresponding each air pollutant concentration of road discrete point position t, according to below equation, calculates its coefficient correlation:
R t = Σ i = 1 m Σ j = 1 n ( Y i j , t - Y i t ‾ ) ( C i j , t - C i t ‾ ) Σ i = 1 m Σ j = 1 n ( Y i j , t - Y i t ‾ ) 2 Σ i = 1 m Σ j = 1 n ( C i j , t - C i t ‾ ) 2
Wherein, Yi j,tThe monitoring concentration of t monitoring station j positions air pollutants types i is represented,Represent t monitoring station The average value of the monitoring concentration of point position air pollutants type i,Represent that history t is nearest apart from monitoring station position Traffic route discrete point j positions air pollutants types i monitoring concentration,Represent t apart from monitoring station position most The average value of the monitoring concentration of near traffic route discrete point air pollutants type i, n represents monitoring station number, monitoring station Point number is consistent with the traffic route discrete point number nearest apart from monitoring station position, and m represents the air of monitoring station monitoring Pollutant kind number, RtIt is t coefficient correlation, RtAbsolute value it is bigger represent each air pollutant concentration of t monitoring station and The correlation of the traffic route discrete point each air pollutants nearest apart from monitoring station position is stronger, the road after road is discrete Discrete point is representative stronger, and road discrete interval is better, and span is between [- 1,1];
Step 4):In 100m-1000m interval ranges, change road discrete interval dt, and repeat the above steps 1) -3), in t Carve all coefficient Rs for calculating and obtainingtIn, choose the discrete interval corresponding to maximum valueAs t road from Scattered optimal spacing.
2. the road routing resource of a kind of low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk according to claim 1, it is characterised in that The calculating of each bar road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio includes following after the discrete optimal spacing of determination road described in step 2 Step:
Step 1):Based on the discrete optimal spacing of t roadAccording to the title of each bar road, respectively by region model to be searched It is with equal length d to enclose interior each bar road discrete0Road segment segment, and record the traffic route representated by discrete rear road segment segment;
Step 2):Calculate the air pollution exposure coefficient corresponding to each road segment segment of t:
R k j , t = Σ i = 1 m M i * ( C i , k j , t - C i 0 ) 10
Wherein,Represent t road j it is discrete after the corresponding air pollution exposure coefficients of road segment segment k, MiRepresent air Pollutant type is the fatal rate of i,Represent the air pollution that the discrete rear road segment segment k of t road j are extracted in point midway Species type is the exposure concentrations of i,It is the exposure threshold concentration of i to represent air pollutants type, and m represents air pollutants Species number;
Step 3):Calculate the air pollution exposure weight corresponding to each road segment segment of t:
W k j , t = d 0 t V j * R k j , t
Wherein,Represent t road j it is discrete after the corresponding air pollution exposure weights of road segment segment k,When representing t Carve the discrete optimal spacing of road, VjRepresent the maximum limit speed of traffic route j;
Step 4):Calculate each bar road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio:
W j , t = Σ k = 1 n W k j , t
Wherein, Wj,tRepresent t road j air pollution exposure weights, n represent road j it is discrete after road hop count.
3. the road routing resource of a kind of low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step 3 low-to-medium altitude gas Pollution exposure risk road path dynamic selection method, comprises the following steps:
Step 1):With the location of people or transport facility as the center of circle, and the buffering area with r as radius is built, and gradually Increase the radius of buffering area, stop during end points comprising any road in the range of buffering area, and by the end points of the road As the starting point of road Path selection;Similarly, the position for reaching is needed as the center of circle with people or transport facility, and is built with r It is the buffering area of radius, and gradually increases the radius of buffering area, when the end points of any road is included in the range of buffering area Stop, and using the end points of the road as road Path selection terminal;It is empty based on each bar road of t calculated in step 2 Gas Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio, undirected being fully connected is built with all roads between the beginning and end of road Path selection Figure;
Step 2):If the starting point of t road Path selection isAnd the attribute is labeled as (Start, 0);If road The terminal of Path selection isZequinThere is air pollution between all road end points of annexation to it The minimum value of exposure weight, and mark the road end points corresponding to the minimum value to beAttribute is labeled as:
( N s t a r t t , Σ N s t a r t N i W t )
Represent viaTo road end pointsBetween the minimum value of air pollution exposure weight beAnd Because road end points isIt is joined directly together with starting point, there is relation in above-mentioned attribute mark:
Σ N s t a r t N i W t = W i , t ;
Wherein Wi,tRepresent t road end pointsTo road end pointsBetween road i air pollution exposure weights, remove Outside above-mentioned road end points, remaining road end points is not labeled road end points, sets two setWithStore respectively Road end points and not labeled road end points that above-mentioned t has been labeled, that is to say:
Step 3):If road end points isWithThere is annexation;T is via the road end points being labeledFrom road The starting point of road Path selectionTo not labeled road end pointsBetween all road end points constitute sky corresponding to paths The minimum value of gas Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio summation;
Σ N s t a r t N j W t = m i n ( Σ N s t a r t N i W t + W j , t )
Wherein,Represent starting point of the t from road Path selectionTo road end pointsBetween all road end points structures The minimum value of the air pollution exposure weight summation corresponding to path,Represent t from road Path selection Starting pointTo road end pointsBetween air pollution exposure weight minimum value, Wj,tRepresent t road end pointsTo road end pointsBetween road j air pollution exposure weights;As fruit part has been labeled and not labeled road Do not exist annexation between end points, by the weighted value W of air pollution exposure between these end pointsj,tIt is set to infinity;
Step 4):Dynamic set O is built simultaneouslyt, repeat the above steps and 3) calculate successively and store t via setIn Labeled road end pointsOrThe starting point of road Path selectionTo road Extreme points setIn it is all not Labeled road end pointsBetween air pollution exposure weight summation corresponding to path Minimum value;
O t = { Σ N s t a r t N 1 W t , Σ N s t a r t N 2 W t , ... , Σ N s t a r t N j W t , ... Σ N s t a r t N e n d W t }
Step 5):Ask for above-mentioned t dynamic set OtIn minimum value:
m i n ( O t ) = Σ N s t a r t N j W t
Step 6):Above-mentioned dynamic set OtIn minimum valueCorresponding road end pointsIt is labeled as:
( N i t , Σ N s t a r t N j W t )
Wherein, the mark is expressed as:T is via road end pointsFrom the starting point of Model choicesTo labeled road End pointsBetween all road end points constitute the minimum value of the air pollution exposure weight summation corresponding to paths;
Step 7):Update setWith
Step 8):Repeat step 1) -7), until the terminal of t road Path selectionIt is labeled to think:
( N k t , Σ N s t a r t N e n d W t )
Road Path selection terminates;The terminal of road Path selection is searched forwardPrevious correspondence road end pointsAnd according to It is secondary enter line search, the starting point until returning to t road Path selectionSo as to finally determine all mark road end points The order of connection, the road routing scheme with this determination with minimum air Pollution exposure risk;
Step 9):According to the road path of the minimum air Pollution exposure risk of above-mentioned steps selection, with reference to each bar in the path The speed limit data of road, calculate people or transport facility predicted travel time;
Δ t = Σ j = 1 u S j V j
Wherein, Δ t represents predicted travel time, SjRepresent the length of traffic route j, VjRepresent the maximum limit speed of traffic route j Degree, u represents the bar number of all roads in the selection result of road path;
Step 10):Such as step 2) as described in, if the selection moment T in road path, the T+ Δs t corresponding integral point moment is obtained, when this Carve during for t, represent that people or transport facility are advanced according to the path of current time t Model choices, respectively monitored at the t+1 moment Before the issue of site location air pollutants hour concentration Monitoring Data, can reach home, low latitude gas Pollution exposure risk road Path selection terminates;When the moment being t+1, the road of people or transport facility according to current time t Model choices is represented Footpath is advanced, and before each monitoring station position air pollutants hour concentration Monitoring Data issue of t+1 moment, fails to reach home, Need to need to reach as starting point, people or transport facility using t+1 moment people or transport facility present position again Position as terminal, according to the t+1 moment each air pollutant concentration trend surface after step 1 real-time update, and repeat step 2nd, step 3, t+1 moment each bar road air Pollution exposure Risk rated ratio is updated with dynamic in real time, carries out t+1 moment low latitudes gas dirty The dye real-time dynamic select in exposure road path.
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