CN104702957A - Motion vector compression method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a motion vector compression method and device which are used to solve the problem in the prior art that motion vector compression coding time is long in time consumption and limited in performance. The motion vector compression method includes: searching pixel accuracy areas of motion vectors and searching the motion vectors according to the two different pixel accuracy areas; expressing MV in the first area in the first expression method and expressing MV in the second area in the second expression method. According to the motion vector compression method, the motion vectors are searched according to the different pixel accuracy areas during motion search, partial pixels in the low pixel accuracy area are abandoned, then MV in the different pixel accuracy areas is properly converted and expressed in different expression method, and thus the purpose of compressing motion vectors is achieved. In addition, the compressed motion vectors are coded so code streams are reduced, motion estimation performance is optimized, motion estimation speed is improved and gains of coding performance are acquired.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of data compression, be specifically related to a kind of compression method and device of motion vector.
Background technology
In technical field of video compression, H.264/AVC international main flow coding standard is, the first generation video compression coding standard of China is MPEG-2, AVS is the second generation source coding standard that China possesses independent intellectual property right.2012, AVS+ introduced advanced field technology and entropy coding, formally becomes radio, TV and film industries standard.At present, the AVS2 standard that China is about to release is then the generation standard of AVS.
AVS2 is based on the macroblock mode of quaternary tree and reference frame flexibly, the coding efficiency of AVS2 to HD video sequence is made to have huge raising, thus before comparing international main flow coding standard H.264/AVC bandwidth conservation can reach more than 50%, subjective quality is also increased dramatically, and has more wide application space.Such as, for block size, maximum coding unit (CTU, Coding Tree Unit) increases the 64x64 of AVS2 from the 16x16 of AVS, coding unit can be divided into 8x8 size from 64x64, makes coding can adapt to more changeable resolution and more complicated image texture.
But, the complexity of the whole encoder of AVS2 along with the raising of performance be the increase of several times, wherein interframe encode occupies the main time (except the coding of full I frame configures) of coding.Interframe encode part the most consuming time is estimation, and this derives from the process of searching for match block on Integer Pel and point pixel precision.To the compressed encoding of motion vector in the data compression process of existing AVS2, also there is long problem consuming time at present.In addition, in inter predication process, the compression performance of final motion vector is the principal element of the compression performance affecting AVS2, owing to having some limitations the compression performance of motion vector in prior art, make inter prediction accuracy not high, thus make AVS2 standard combine the up-to-date video encoding standard HEVC of issue relative to ITU-T VCEG and ISO/IECMPEG standardization body, also have certain gap.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of compression method and device of motion vector, by introducing progressive motion vector accuracy, optimizing motion estimation performance, improving estimation speed, realizing the gain of coding efficiency.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of compression method of motion vector, described method comprises:
Search for the pixel precision region of described motion vector, described motion vector is divided into two regions, and use different pixel precisions to search for two regions;
Adopt the first representation to represent to the MV of first area, adopt the second representation to represent to the MV of second area.
In such scheme, described two different pixel precision regions are the first area of 1/4 pixel precision and the second area of 1/2 pixel precision further.
In such scheme, when described motion vector be positioned at the second area of 1/2 pixel precision and this as 1/4 pixel precision time, then give up the pixel corresponding to described motion vector.
In such scheme, the pixel precision region of the described motion vector of described search, passing threshold realizes.
In such scheme, the described MV to second area adopts the second representation to represent, is further, compresses described MV at coding side, recovers described MV in decoding end.
In such scheme, describedly at coding side, described MV being compressed, further for adopting Algorithm1 formula to change described MV, describedly in decoding end, described MV to be recovered, further for adopting Algorithm 2 formula to change described MV.
According to another aspect of the present invention, additionally provide a kind of compression set of motion vector, described device comprises:
Search unit, for searching for the pixel precision region of described motion vector, is divided into two regions, and uses different pixel precisions to search for two regions by described motion vector;
Converting unit, described converting unit is connected with described search unit, for adopting the first representation to represent to the MV of first area, adopts the second representation to represent to the MV of second area.
In such scheme, described search unit is further used for searching for according to the zones of different for the first area of 1/4 pixel precision and the second area of 1/2 pixel precision described motion vector.
In such scheme, described search unit be further used for when the described motion vector searched for be positioned at the second area of 1/2 pixel precision and described motion vector this as 1/4 pixel precision time, then give up the pixel corresponding to described motion vector.
In such scheme, adopt the second representation to represent to the MV of second area described in described converting unit, be further, at coding side, described MV is compressed, in decoding end, described MV is recovered.
As can be seen from the technical scheme of the above embodiment of the present invention, the compression method of motion vector of the present invention, by in the process of motion search, according to the mode of different pixels precision zone, sector search is carried out to described motion vector, the partial pixel in low pixel precision region is abandoned, then suitable conversion carried out to the MV of different pixels precision zone and adopt different method for expressing to represent, thus reach the object of compressing motion vector, motion vector after compression is encoded, decrease code stream, optimize motion estimation performance, improve estimation speed, realize the gain of coding efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the motion vector compression method schematic flow sheet of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the motion vector compression method schematic flow sheet of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram before the motion vector compression in second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram after the motion vector compression in second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the motion vector compression set structural representation of third embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiments of the present invention, the example of described execution mode is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Being exemplary below by the execution mode be described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention being interpreted as.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, and all terms used herein (comprising technical term and scientific terminology) have the meaning identical with the general understanding of the those of ordinary skill in field belonging to the present invention.Should also be understood that those terms defined in such as general dictionary should be understood to have the meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of prior art, unless and define as here, can not explain by idealized or too formal implication.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention improves compression speed and the compressibility of final motion vector in inter predication process.In AVS2 standard, the motion estimation complexity existed in inter predication process and the too much two fold problem of motion vector encoder bit, therefore, the optimization of motion estimation performance and the raising of movement velocity also have very large space.In the compression encoding process of reality, add up and analyze the behavior of inter prediction final motion vector, draw the regularity of distribution of motion vector, present motion vector and be gathered in trend near MVP, this makes to utilize the statistical information of motion vector to become possibility to optimize motion vector.The present invention is on the basis of above-mentioned statistics, by proposing the concept of asymptotic motion vector accuracy and being introduced in the compression of motion vector, according to motion vector (MV, Motion Vector) and motion vector predictor (MVP, Motion Vector Predictor) difference of relative position carries out different restrictions to the precision that MV searches for, thus the search procedure of adjustment motion vector, also improve the compression effectiveness of MV amplitude simultaneously, and then reduce encoder bit rate.
At present, in AVS standard, fixing the representing with 1/4 pixel precision of MV, and the present invention uses higher precision to the MV relatively close to MVP, lower precision is used to the relative MV away from MVP, makes the MV the closer to MVP more likely obtain optimum rate distortion costs.In the encoder during specific implementation, high pixel precision is used to the MV within the specific limits close to MVP, as 1/4 pixel precision, low pixel precision is used, as 1/2 pixel precision to the MV within the specific limits away from MVP.Here height and low be relative to close to and away from Shi Eryan, it is a relative concept, when actual realization, infinitesimal scope differentiation can be carried out, to realize the relative MVP distance of MV from closely to far, the relative pixel precision asymptotic process from high to low for representing MV, namely progressive motion vector accuracy (PMVR, Progressive Motion Vector Resolution).
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the motion vector compression method schematic flow sheet of first embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the motion vector compression method of the present embodiment comprises the steps:
Step S1, the pixel precision region of searching motion vector, is divided into two regions by described motion vector, described two regions comprise first area and second area, and uses different pixel precisions to search for described two regions.
In this step, described motion vector is divided into two regions, can realizes by passing threshold (TH).In the process that reality realizes, described when described motion vector is restricted to two regions, can be 1/4 pixel precision and 1/2 pixel precision, as [CTR-TH, CTR+TH] in region with 1/4 pixel precision searching motion vector, region external application 1/2 pixel precision searching motion vector.Wherein, described CTR represents the starting point of vector representation.
On the basis of above-mentioned zone restriction, when carrying out motion search, can adjust Stepwise Refinement method of the prior art, be degree of precision as set first area, and second area is lower accuracy, when the MV of candidate has exceeded the accuracy rating of first area, then this MV is left in the basket, need not be searched, thus eliminate the search of the MV of a part of first area precision, reduce the complexity of estimation.In concrete implementation procedure, show as and MV judged, if | MVx-CTRx|>TH or | MVy – CTRy|>TH, and MV is 1/4 pixel precision, then this point is given up, and does not participate in the decision-making of best MV, reduces the complexity of estimation.
Step S2, adopts the first representation to represent to the MV of first area, adopts the second representation to represent to the MV of second area.
Here representation, is on the basis to described motion vector restriction different accuracy region, adopts different method for expressing to the region of different accuracy, decreases the bit number of coding and can not lose the amount of information of MV.Such as, to the MV in the first area of 1/4 pixel precision, 1/4 accurate fashion is adopted to represent; And to MVD or MV in the second area of 1/2 pixel precision, adopt Algorithm 1 formula or Algorithm 2 formula to change.Wherein, the Algorithm 1 formula conversion of described MVD corresponds to coding side, and Algorithm 2 formula of MV changes corresponding decoding end.
It should be noted that, the present invention is applicable to the motion vector in the encoder of any coding standard.
The motion vector compression method of the present embodiment, by dividing different precision zone to the MV of MVP different distance, reduce the complexity of coding side, realized restriction or the segmentation of above-mentioned zone by methods such as such as threshold values, and then adopt different method for expressing, optimize motion estimation performance, improve estimation speed, also improve the compression effectiveness of MV amplitude simultaneously, and then reduce encoder bit rate, thus realize the gain of coding efficiency.
Figure 2 shows that the motion vector compression method schematic flow sheet of second embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 2, the present embodiment, for a motion vector, by PMVR method, compresses described motion vector.Here motion vector, its motion vector can be arbitrary standards.
The compression method of described motion vector, comprises the steps:
Step S21, searches for described motion vector, obtains the MV first area of 1/4 pixel precision and the MV second area of 1/2 pixel precision.
In this step, PMVR method represents the use region of 1/4MV precision by setting threshold value TH, and in the present embodiment, TH value is 2, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.TH is that a threshold value controlling 1/4 pixel precision usable range is (in units of 1/4 pixel, TH value is nonnegative integer and value is the integral multiple of 2), region in its red boxes is threshold value TH limited range, namely in the region that red boxes is drawn a circle to approve, i.e. first area, uses 1/4 pixel precision to search for described MV.MV outside first area can only use 1/2 pixel precision to search for, and affiliated area is second area.CTR (CenTer ofthe Range) is the center of first area.
As shown in Figure 3, when MVP points to half-pix or Integer Pel precision position, CTR and MVP is overlapping; As shown in Figure 4, when MVP points to 1/4 location of pixels, CTR and MVP respectively accounts for the position of a pixel, not overlapping.
When CTR and MVP is not overlapping, CTR is rounded off obtained by MVP through type (1)-(2), and formula (1)-(2) are as follows:
CTRx=MVPx>>1<<1 (1)
CTRy=MVPy>>1<<1 (2)
Wherein, described CTRx represents CTR component in the X direction, and MVPx represents MVP component in the X direction; Described CTRy represents CTR component in the Y direction, and MVPy represents MVP component in the Y direction.The following expression formula relating to above-mentioned symbol is connotation described above.
For a kind of extreme situation, as TH=0,1/4 pixel precision range shorter is zero, namely 1/2 pixel precision can be applied in all MV except SKIP/DIRECT pattern MV, in this case, MVP itself can be rounded to half-pixel accuracy, shown in (3)-(4):
MVPx=MVPx>>1<<1 (3)
MVPy=MVPy>>1<<1 (4)
Due to the restriction to 1/4 pixel region, PMVR decreases the selected probability of the MV of 1/4 pixel, thus reduces the use of sub-pixel interpolation, reduces the complexity of encoding-decoding process.
For arbitrary motion search procedure, no matter from unidirectional, symmetrical or alternating binary coding pattern, all take this step.In motion search process, AVS2 adopts the method for Stepwise Refinement, first searches 1/2 pixel precision point, then searches 1/4 pixel precision point.The search procedure of PMVR to 1/4 pixel precision point adjusts, if the 1/4 precision pixels point MV of candidate has exceeded the scope of 1/4 pixel precision, then this MV is left in the basket thus need not be searched, and namely this point is given up, and does not participate in the decision-making of best MV.This method eliminates the search of a part of 1/4 pixel accuracy positions, and the complexity of estimation be have dropped.
Step S22, carries out conversion to the MV of described first area and second area and represents according to corresponding conversion.
In concrete implementation procedure, this step is used for calculating MV Cost after search completes, or the coding of final MVD.
In the present embodiment, for the MV in first area, the simple representation using MV – MVP, encodes; For the extraneous MV of 1/4 pixel precision, namely in second area, MVD can change by the more effective mode of one, instead of simply equals MV – MVP.Because off-limits MV component must be half-pixel accuracy, be namely even number under 1/4 pixel unit, so the part exceeded can reduce one times and not lose the amount of information of MV.
Preferably, at coding side, for the MV of second area, namely in the method, specific MV, MVD adopt Algorithm 1 formula to adjust.The concrete transfer process of described MVD is as follows:
Above-mentioned transfer process is applied to motion vector shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.A, B and C position before conversion is shown in Fig. 3, after described A, B and C position in Fig. 3 being changed by above-mentioned derivation, has obtained the position of Fig. 4.In the operating process of reality, adopt existing AVS2 standard to change the motion vector shown in Fig. 3, and adopt the PMVR method described in the present embodiment to change the motion vector shown in Fig. 3, list the MVD value in transformation result in table 1, as shown in table 1:
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the value of MVD is changed by the Algorithm 1 of PMVR method, can the less value of boil down to, thus reduces the bit number of coding MVD.It should be noted that, when described motion vector MV is AVS2 coding standard, the MVD value after compressed still adopts AVS2 CABAC entropy code model originally to encode, and just the amplitude of coding has diminished.
Accordingly, when decoding to compressed MV, namely in decoding end, for specific MVD, namely corresponding with MV specific in described second area MVD, adopts Algorithm 2 formula to carry out recovering or changing.Decode each piece time, first from code stream, read MVD, then use the Backstepping corresponding with Algorithm 1 to obtain MV, instead of simple MVD+MVP, concrete transfer process is as follows:
Utilize the PMVR method of the present embodiment to do performance test on AVS2 reference software RD8.0, in table 2, list the experimental result (RA, TH=2) of PMVR on AVS2 reference software RD8.0.Wherein, the cycle tests of employing is AVS2 standard test sequences, and the 1st row are video sequence resolution, and the 2nd, 3,4 row are the BD-Rate results of property of Y, U, V component respectively.As shown in table 2:
Table 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the MVD value after compressed in the present embodiment still adopts AVS2 CABAC entropy code model originally to encode, but, the amplitude of coding has diminished, improve the compression effectiveness of MV amplitude, and then reduce encoder bit rate, thus realize the gain of coding efficiency.
Fig. 5 is the motion vector compression set structural representation of third embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 5, the motion vector compression set of the present embodiment, comprising: search unit 11, converting unit 12, wherein,
Described motion vector, for the pixel precision region of searching motion vector, is divided into two regions by described search unit 11, and described two regions comprise first area and second area, and uses different pixel precisions to search for described two regions.
Described in described converting unit 12, search unit 11 is connected, and for adopting the first representation to represent to the MV of first area, adopts the second representation to represent to the MV of second area.
Further, described search unit 11 is also for searching for according to the zones of different for the first area of 1/4 pixel precision and the second area of 1/2 pixel precision described motion vector.
Further, described search unit 11 also for be positioned at the second area of 1/2 pixel precision when the described motion vector searched for and described motion vector this as 1/4 pixel precision time, then give up the pixel corresponding to described motion vector.
Further, described converting unit 12 is compressed described MV at coding side, recovers described MV in decoding end.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of an embodiment, the module in accompanying drawing or flow process might not be that enforcement the present invention is necessary.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be well understood to the mode that the present invention can add required general hardware platform by software and realizes.Based on such understanding, technical scheme of the present invention can embody with the form of software product the part that prior art contributes in essence in other words, this computer software product can be stored in storage medium, as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD etc., comprising some instructions in order to make a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.) perform the method described in some part of each embodiment of the present invention or embodiment.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.
Claims (10)
1. a compression method for motion vector, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
The pixel precision region of searching motion vector, is divided into two regions by described motion vector, described two regions comprise first area and second area, and uses different pixel precisions to search for described two regions;
Adopt the first representation to represent to the motion vector of described first area, adopt the second representation to represent to the motion vector of described second area.
2. the compression method of motion vector according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described two different pixel precision regions are the first area of 1/4 pixel precision and the second area of 1/2 pixel precision further.
3. the compression method of motion vector according to claim 2, is characterized in that, when described motion vector be positioned at the second area of 1/2 pixel precision and this as 1/4 pixel precision time, then give up the pixel corresponding to described motion vector.
4. the compression method of the motion vector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, the pixel precision region of the described motion vector of described search, passing threshold realizes.
5. motion vector compression method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described motion vector to second area adopts the second representation to represent, is further, at coding side, described motion vector is compressed, in decoding end, described motion vector is recovered.
6. motion vector compression method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, describedly at coding side, described motion vector to be compressed, further for adopting Algorithm 1 formula to change described motion vector, describedly in decoding end, described motion vector to be recovered, further for adopting Algorithm 2 formula to change described motion vector.
7. a compression set for motion vector, is characterized in that, described device comprises:
Search unit, for the pixel precision region of searching motion vector, is divided into two regions by described motion vector, described two regions comprise first area and second area, and use different pixel precisions to search for two regions;
Converting unit, described converting unit is connected with described search unit, for adopting the first representation to represent to the motion vector of described first area, adopts the second representation to represent to the motion vector of described second area.
8. the compression set of motion vector according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described search unit is further used for searching for according to the zones of different for the first area of 1/4 pixel precision and the second area of 1/2 pixel precision described motion vector.
9. the compression set of motion vector according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described search unit be further used for when the described motion vector searched for be positioned at the second area of 1/2 pixel precision and described motion vector this as 1/4 pixel precision time, then give up the pixel corresponding to described motion vector.
10. the compression set of motion vector according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the second representation is adopted to represent to the motion vector of second area described in described converting unit, be further, at coding side, described motion vector is compressed, in decoding end, described motion vector is recovered.
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