CN104748839A - Hydroelectric generating unit vibration state region monitoring method based on real-time online monitoring - Google Patents
Hydroelectric generating unit vibration state region monitoring method based on real-time online monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydroelectric generating unit vibration state region monitoring method based on real-time online monitoring. The method includes on the basis of the traditional hydroelectric generating unit vibration online monitoring, adopting a hydroelectric generating unit vibration wave recording analysis device to acquire and analyze original sample data of vibration monitoring points of the unit, and establishing a feature data storing history storing database of the vibration monitoring points; on the basis of historical feature data statistic analysis, the real-time unit vibration state region is determined comprehensively, and the real-time alarm information display and historical alarm information statistic and querying features are provided according to the determination results. The method has the advantages of high function comprehension, high result accuracy and convenience and easiness for usage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to industrial control field, relate more specifically to the monitoring method in the vibrational state region of turbine-generator units.
Background technology
For a long time, in hydro-generating Unit, mechanical vibration are the key factors threatening turbine-generator units safety in production to run.The vibration of turbine-generator units often machinery, electrically, the acting in conjunction of waterpower three aspect factor causes, vibration mechanism relative complex.Vibration, the throw of unit also can cause due to the reason of the aspects such as design, installation, operation, can not avoid completely and eliminate.In a word, General Oscillation can not work the mischief to unit, but seriously exceedes permissible value, and especially long-term exceedes, and will cause serious impact to unit.
Simultaneously according to industries concerned data statistics, the fault of turbine-generator units about 80% reflects all to some extent in vibration signal.Therefore in order to protect the main equipment of turbine-generator units, experts and scholars both domestic and external and main technology producer are proposed relevant device and service, realize the vibration to unit key position, throw carries out real time on-line monitoring and analysis.
Single realize aspect from current technology, the technical scheme adopted at present is roughly as follows:
1) at the key position of turbine-generator units, vibration transducer is installed;
2) vibration raw sample data harvester is installed at the scene,
3) each vibration monitoring point raw sample data of Real-time Collection calculate vibrating numerical
4) in peak-to-peak value and the analysis raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point of monitoring and control of hydropower station room on-line monitoring;
Current most of technical scheme still rests on peak-to-peak value on-line monitoring to each vibration monitoring point and raw sample data analysis aspect; namely be that some device has defencive function; due to the measuring error that the disturbing factor of outwardness causes; defencive function neither be very reliable; on-the-spot improper stoppage in transit signal disturbing also repeatedly occurring and causes, brings unnecessary loss to owner.
How to evade the interference of noise signal, ensure that the reliable vibrational state region to unit carries out comprehensively judging accurately in real time, one is all a difficult problem always, the present invention is on the basis in tradition vibration raw sample data acquisition process and on-line monitoring, utilize the integrated data processing ability of platform database, achieve a kind of monitoring method to unit current vibration state region, the method can go out the current residing vibration area of unit by real-time exhibition, and send early warning information according to the real-time change of vibration area, the instrument relevant information of vibration area being carried out to statistical query is provided simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the not high and incomplete technical matters of the Hydropower Unit vibrational state area monitoring accuracy existed in prior art, the invention discloses a kind of vibration of hydrogenerator set state region integrated monitoring based on real time on-line monitoring.
The present invention is concrete by the following technical solutions.
Based on a vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method for real time on-line monitoring, it is characterized in that, described monitoring method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: utilize water machine runout analysis device to gather the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point in turbine-generator units, the raw sample data involving vibrations amount of collection and throw amount two type;
Step 2: utilize water machine runout analysis device to carry out analyzing and processing to raw sample data, adopts the method for characteristics extraction to obtain peak-to-peak value, effective value, crest factor, variance, the kurtosis of the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point; Described in step 2, the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point comprises:
A) top guide bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data;
B) lower guide bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data;
C) water pilot bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data;
D) generator upper spider X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction;
E) generator lower bearing bracket X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction;
F) generator unit stator frame X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction;
G) water-turbine top cover X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction;
H) spiral case pressure fluctuation raw sample data;
I) pressure fluctuation in draft tube of water turbine raw sample data.
Step 3: set up characteristic and store history library, store the vibration performance data of each vibration monitoring point, described vibration performance data comprise the peak-to-peak value of the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point, also comprise turbine-generator units rotating speed simultaneously, turbine-generator units working head, turbine-generator units active power, and turbine-generator units reactive power;
Step 4: realize the statistical study to each vibration monitoring point vibration performance data, the scope changed according to turbine-generator units working head and turbine-generator units active power adds up the vibration performance data distribution situation of each vibration monitoring point of unit respectively, the scope of the working head of turbine-generator units described in step 4 is most high workload head from the minimum working head of unit to unit, and the scope of turbine-generator units active power change is from unit zero energy to unit rated power; Then be stabilized zone, critical zone, vibration area according to the distribution situation of the vibration performance data of each monitoring point of unit by the vibrational state Region dividing of unit;
Step 5: according to unit working head instantaneous value, interpolation function method is utilized to obtain the critical active power value in set state region, the critical active power value of the region of vibrational state described in step 5 critical active power value involving vibrations region critical active power value and stabilized zone, by comparing of unit real-time active power value and the critical active power value in set state region, judge whether the current residing vibrational state region of turbine-generator units changes and send early warning information;
Step 6: set up vibrational state region and pass through event data table memory, event data table memory is passed through in vibration of hydrogenerator set state region relevant information write vibrational state region, write tables of data information comprises unit vibration state region sign value, unit vibration state passes through event sign value, unit vibration state passes through event description information, unit real-time working head, the real-time active power of unit;
The meaning of the region of vibrational state described in step 6 sign value is as follows:
A) meaning represented when unit vibration state region sign value is 1 is " unit is current is in vibrating area ";
B) meaning represented when unit vibration state region sign value is 2 is " unit is current is in critical section ";
C) meaning represented when unit vibration state region sign value is 3 is " unit is current is in stable region ";
The meaning that the state of unit vibration described in step 6 passes through event sign value is as follows:
A) meaning that vibrational state passes through event sign value represents when being 1 is " unit is transitioned into critical section from vibrating area ";
B) meaning that vibrational state passes through event sign value represents when being 2 is " unit is transitioned into stable region from vibrating area ";
C) meaning that vibrational state passes through event sign value represents when being 3 is " unit is transitioned into vibrating area from critical section ";
D) meaning that vibrational state passes through event sign value represents when being 4 is " unit is transitioned into stable region from critical section ";
E) meaning that vibrational state passes through event sign value represents when being 5 is " unit is transitioned into vibrating area from stable region ";
I. the meaning that vibrational state passes through event sign value represents when being 6 is " unit is transitioned into critical section from stable region ";
Step 7: pass through event data table by inquiry vibrational state region, turbine-generator units can be added up in certain period in the distribution situation of each vibrational state area operation time.
The present invention has following useful technique effect:
Achieve the screening to vibration performance data, contribute to the accuracy improving vibrational state regional determination;
Achieve the comprehensive monitoring to vibrational state region, the vibrational state of unit can be monitored on the whole, evade the deficiency of each vibration monitoring point on-line monitoring one by one;
Achieve the timely early warning to vibrational state regional change;
Achieve and the statistic of classification of vibrational state regional change event information is inquired about.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the implementation procedure scheme schematic diagram of vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the implementation procedure schematic flow sheet of vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, method implementation procedure scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Be the vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method implementation procedure scheme schematic diagram based on real time on-line monitoring disclosed by the invention as shown in Figure 1, the equipment in accompanying drawing 1 represents the water machine runout on-Line Monitor Device that turbine-generator units configures.
Water machine runout analysis device in accompanying drawing 1 obtains the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point that water intaking device runout on-Line Monitor Device provides mainly through the mode of communication acquisition, and completes the analyzing and processing to raw sample data.
Mode by communication acquisition is obtained the vibration performance data of each vibration monitoring point by the real-time database in accompanying drawing 1, mainly comprises peak-to-peak value and the generating unit speed of each vibration monitoring point, head, the data such as active power and reactive power.
Timing is completed peak-to-peak value to each vibration monitoring point and generating unit speed by the history library in accompanying drawing 1, head, the historical storage of the data such as active power and reactive power.
Platform extension application APP functional interface in accompanying drawing 1 mainly provides the functional interface function used by each step of method implementation procedure shown in accompanying drawing 2, mainly comprise real-time database eigenwert access interface function, history library eigenwert access interface function, self-defined history feature data memory interface function, statistical study interface function, method of interpolation interface function, vibration area determining interface function, vibrational state passes through event statistics query interface function.
Below in conjunction with Figure of description 2, technical method implementation procedure scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.Be the vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method realization flow schematic diagram based on real time on-line monitoring disclosed by the invention as shown in Figure 2, monitoring method implementation procedure of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Step 1: utilize water machine runout analysis device to gather the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point of turbine-generator units, the raw sample data involving vibrations amount of collection and throw amount two kinds of original data types.
The vibration raw sample data gathered mainly comprises following vibration monitoring point:
A) top guide bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data;
B) lower guide bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data;
C) water pilot bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data;
D) generator upper spider X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction;
E) generator lower bearing bracket X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction;
F) generator unit stator frame X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction;
G) water-turbine top cover X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction;
H) spiral case pressure fluctuation raw sample data;
I) pressure fluctuation in draft tube of water turbine raw sample data.
The concrete grammar gathered is as follows:
The communication protocol adopting water machine runout analysis device to provide completes the collection to vibration sample data.
Step 2: utilize water machine runout analysis device to carry out analyzing and processing to raw sample data, adopts the method for characteristics extraction to obtain the content such as peak-to-peak value, effective value, crest factor, variance, kurtosis of each vibration monitoring point (described in step 1 each vibration monitoring point) raw sample data.
Peak-to-peak value X
ppcalculate
Peak-to-peak value calculates and adopts average period method.Vibration sample data in each subregion period arranges 5% up and down between filtrating area, gives up the unreasonable sample that may exist, the maximal value X of sampling number certificate in each subregion period
maxwith the difference X of minimum value
minbe the peak-to-peak value X of this subregion
pp, the mean value of all subregion peak-to-peak values is the peak-to-peak value of this analytical cycle.N is the number of the sampling number certificate in this analytical cycle, and peak-to-peak value unit should adopt μm.
X
pp=X
max-X
min
Effective value x
rmscalculate
For a continuous n sampled point, adopt root mean square method computing formula as follows:
Mean value
calculate
For a continuous n sampled point, the sampled data of an analytical cycle of getting over carries out mean value computation.If simulating signal sample frequency is f
tthe analytical cycle of time-domain analysis is T, then the sampling number in the mean value computation cycle is: N=f
tt, then in a computation period, the average sampled value of certain passage is:
Wherein N=f
tt, A
cifor the static base value of this passage.
The calculating such as crest factor, kurtosis, variance
For a continuous n sampled point, variances sigma computing formula is as follows:
For a continuous n sampled point, kurtosis
computing formula is as follows:
For a continuous n sampled point, crest factor c computing formula is as follows:
Crest factor reflects shock pulse size in signal, x in formula
pmaximal value in the number of winning the confidence positive peak and negative peak.When c value is greater than 1.5, generally can be considered that on bearing parts and have local defect to produce.
Step 3: set up characteristic and store history library, store peak-to-peak value and the generating unit speed of each vibration monitoring point, head, active power, the characteristics such as reactive power.
By the access interface of real-time database and history library, with the self-defined relation database table of patten's design vibration related data of expansion plugin application, by the characteristic that obtains from real-time data base stored in this table.
Tables of data storing process is as follows:
A) connecting platform data center real-time database, obtains the vibration performance data message needed;
B) design self-defining data list structure, set up self-defined relation database table;
C) write the foundation of database, inquiry, insert, the data processing methods such as renewal;
D) register timed task, periodically historical storage is carried out to vibration data.
The characteristic classification stored comprises following content:
A) peak-to-peak value of each vibration monitoring point;
B) generating unit speed;
C) working head;
D) active power;
E) reactive power.
Step 4: realize the statistical study to each vibration monitoring point vibration performance data, according to the scope that turbine-generator units working head and turbine-generator units active power change, the scope of turbine-generator units working head described in step 4 is most high workload head from the minimum working head of unit to unit, and the scope of turbine-generator units active power change is from unit zero energy to unit rated power; Successively adding up respectively the vibration performance data distribution situation of each vibration monitoring point of unit, is then stabilized zone according to the vibration performance data distribution situation of all vibration monitoring points by the vibrational state Region dividing of unit, critical zone, vibration area.
The step in statistical study and division vibrational state region is as follows:
(1) object of statistical study
The successively peak-to-peak value of the selected each vibration monitoring point of unit.
(2) selected statistics screening technique:
Adopt the way of median average filter: the N number of characteristic of continuous sampling, remove the arithmetic mean that then 1% maximal value and 1% minimum value calculate N-(N*2%) individual data.
(3) selected vibration cut off value:
Inputted vibration borders value val1;
Input stability boundaris limit value val2;
(4) selected timing statistics region:
Input initial time T1;
Input termination time T2;
(5) result of statistical study is exported:
Oscillating boundary curve data datas1;
Stability boundaris curve data datas2.
Step 5: according to unit working head instantaneous value, interpolation function method is utilized to obtain unit vibration region critical active power value and the critical active power value in stabilized zone, by comparing of unit real-time active power value and critical active power value, judge whether the current residing vibrational state region of turbine-generator units changes and send early warning information.Concrete implementation procedure is as follows:
(1) obtain curve by method of interpolation to adjust function
Unit statistics result Oscillating boundary curve data datas1 and stability boundaris curve data datas2 is utilized to obtain the vibrating area of current unit, the boundary curve function F 1 (x) of stable region and F2 (x), this function can dynamically provide different head, the critical active power value of vibration area critical active power value and stabilized zone of each vibration monitoring point in different active power situation, this curve adjust function adopt method of interpolation realize: method of interpolation is also known as " interpolation method ", it is the functional value utilizing function f (x) to insert some points in certain interval, provide suitable specific function, these aspects get given value, by the approximate value of the value of this specific function as function f (x) on other aspects in interval, this method is called method of interpolation.
(2) vibration area critical active power value and the critical active power value in stabilized zone is obtained
Utilize curve to adjust function algorithm, obtain current unit working head H and obtain corresponding active power value Q1 (vibration area critical active power value) and Q2 (the critical active power value in stabilized zone) by function F 1 (x) and F2 (x); This output valve is as the reference value of dynamically establishing set state.
(3) obtain current actual active power value Q, judge the current state of unit, and setting regions state sign value VZ
When Q<Q1 unit is in vibration operation area setting vibration area state sign value VZ=1;
When Q1<=Q<=Q2 unit is in critical operation region setting vibration area state sign value VZ=2;
When Q>Q2 unit is in stable operation zone setting vibration area state sign value VZ=3;
Vibrational state region residing for unit is exported according to above determination methods
(4) vibration area state region sign value VZ is as discrete variable, judges that state region passes through the generating process of event according to the numerical value change of discrete variable, and sends vibration area in real time and pass through event early warning signal
When vibrational state region sign value VZ by 1 → 2 time judge unit be transitioned into critical section from vibrating area;
When vibrational state region sign value VZ by 1 → 3 time judge unit be transitioned into stable region from vibrating area;
When vibrational state region sign value VZ by 2 → 1 time judge unit be transitioned into vibrating area from critical section;
When vibrational state region sign value VZ by 2 → 3 time judge unit be transitioned into stable region from critical section;
When vibrational state region sign value VZ by 3 → 1 time judge unit be transitioned into vibrating area from stable region;
When vibrational state region sign value VZ by 3 → 2 time judge unit be transitioned into critical section from stable region;
The signal that vibrational state region sign value VZ monitors as active safety, staff can grasp the information of vibrational state region residing for unit and vibrational state region crossing process in real time.
Step 6: set up vibrational state region and pass through event data table memory, by turbine-generator units state region relevant information write self-defining data table.
The information writing self-defined historical data table comprises:
A) unit current vibration state region sign value VZ;
B) unit vibration state region passes through the moment that event occurs;
C) unit vibration state region event of passing through indicates;
D) unit vibration state region passes through event description;
E) unit work at present head;
F) the current active power of unit.
Step 7: pass through event data table by inquiry vibrational state region, turbine-generator units can be added up in certain period in the distribution situation of each vibrational state area operation time.Achievable basic statistics function comprises:
A) moment that the vibrational state region event that changes occurs is added up;
B) the unit every day of the running time T 1 at vibration area is added up;
C) the unit running time T 2 of every day in critical zone is added up;
D) the unit running time T 3 of every day in stabilized zone is added up.
Claims (3)
1., based on a vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method for real time on-line monitoring, it is characterized in that, described monitoring method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: utilize water machine runout analysis device to gather the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point in turbine-generator units, the raw sample data involving vibrations amount of collection and throw amount two type;
Step 2: utilize water machine runout analysis device to carry out analyzing and processing to raw sample data, adopts the method for characteristics extraction to obtain peak-to-peak value, effective value, crest factor, variance, the kurtosis of the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point; Wherein, raw sample data comprises:
A) top guide bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data;
B) lower guide bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data;
C) water pilot bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data;
D) generator upper spider X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction;
E) generator lower bearing bracket X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction;
F) generator unit stator frame X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction;
G) water-turbine top cover X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction;
H) spiral case pressure fluctuation raw sample data;
I) pressure fluctuation in draft tube of water turbine raw sample data.
Step 3: set up characteristic and store history library, store the vibration performance data of each vibration monitoring point, described vibration performance data comprise the peak-to-peak value of the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point; Also turbine-generator units rotating speed is comprised, turbine-generator units working head, turbine-generator units active power and turbine-generator units reactive power;
Step 4: realize the statistical study to each vibration monitoring point vibration performance data, the scope changed according to turbine-generator units working head and turbine-generator units active power adds up the vibration performance data distribution situation of each vibration monitoring point of unit respectively, the scope of described turbine-generator units working head is most high workload head from the minimum working head of unit to unit, and the scope of turbine-generator units active power change is from unit zero energy to unit rated power; Then be stabilized zone, critical zone, vibration area according to the distribution situation of the vibration performance data of each monitoring point of unit by the vibrational state Region dividing of unit;
Step 5: according to turbine-generator units working head instantaneous value, interpolation function method is utilized to obtain the critical active power value of unit vibration state region, described vibrational state region critical active power value involving vibrations border critical active power value and the critical active power value of stability boundaris, by comparing of unit real-time active power value and the critical active power value in set state region, judge whether the current residing vibrational state region of turbine-generator units changes and send early warning information;
Step 6: set up vibrational state region and pass through event data table memory, event data table memory is passed through in vibration of hydrogenerator set state region relevant information write vibrational state region, write tables of data information comprises unit vibration state region sign value, unit vibration state passes through event sign value, unit vibration state passes through event description information, unit real-time working head, the real-time active power of unit;
Wherein, the meaning of described vibrational state region sign value is as follows:
A) meaning represented when unit vibration state region sign value is 1 is " unit is current is in vibrating area ";
B) meaning represented when unit vibration state region sign value is 2 is " unit is current is in critical section ";
C) meaning represented when unit vibration state region sign value is 3 is " unit is current is in stable region ";
The meaning that described unit vibration state passes through event sign value is as follows:
A) meaning that vibrational state passes through event sign value represents when being 1 is " unit is transitioned into critical section from vibrating area ";
B) meaning that vibrational state passes through event sign value represents when being 2 is " unit is transitioned into stable region from vibrating area ";
C) meaning that vibrational state passes through event sign value represents when being 3 is " unit is transitioned into vibrating area from critical section ";
D) meaning that vibrational state passes through event sign value represents when being 4 is " unit is transitioned into stable region from critical section ";
E) meaning that vibrational state passes through event sign value represents when being 5 is " unit is transitioned into vibrating area from stable region ";
F) meaning that vibrational state passes through event sign value represents when being 6 is " unit is transitioned into critical section from stable region ";
Step 7: pass through event data table by inquiry vibrational state region, turbine-generator units can be added up in certain period in the distribution situation of each vibrational state area operation time.
2. vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
In step 1, completed the collection of the raw sample data to each vibration monitoring point of water turbine set by water machine runout analysis device, the communication protocol adopting water machine runout analysis device to provide completes the remote collection to raw sample data.
3. vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 2, described water machine runout analysis device adopts the method for characteristics extraction to complete the analysis of the raw sample data to each vibration monitoring point of water turbine set, the method for described characteristics extraction refer to have employed average period method and with slip data window filter method.
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