CN104748839B - Vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method based on real time on-line monitoring - Google Patents
Vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method based on real time on-line monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method based on real time on-line monitoring, the method is on the basis of traditional turbine-generator units runout on-line monitoring, gathered using water dispenser runout analysis device and analyze the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point of unit, while setting up the characteristic storage history library of each vibration monitoring point；The synthetic determination to the real-time vibrational state region of unit is realized on the basis of history feature data statistic analysis, and to the result offer real-time early warning information displaying for judging and history early warning information statistical query function.The method has function synthesized strong, and result precision is high, the features such as facilitate easy-to-use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to industrial control field, relate more specifically to the monitoring side in the vibrational state region of turbine-generator units
Method.
Background technology
For a long time, in hydro-generating Unit, mechanical oscillation are threaten turbine-generator units safety in production operation one
Individual key factor.The vibration of turbine-generator units is often mechanical, electric, waterpower three aspect factor collective effect causes,
Vibration mechanism is relative complex.Vibration, the throw of unit also due to design, install, the aspect such as operation the reason for cause, it is impossible to
Avoid completely and eliminate.In a word, General Oscillation will not cause harm to unit, but seriously exceed permissible value, especially for a long time
Exceed, serious influence will be caused to unit.
Counted according to relevant industry data simultaneously, the failure of turbine-generator units about 80% is all anti-in vibration signal
Reflect.Therefore in order to protect the main equipment of turbine-generator units, experts and scholars both domestic and external and main technology producer are proposed
Relevant device and service, realize that the vibration to unit key position, throw carry out real time on-line monitoring and analysis.
It is single from current technology realize aspect for, the technical scheme for using at present approximately as：
1) key position in turbine-generator units installs vibrating sensor；
2) vibration raw sample data harvester is installed at the scene,
3) each vibration monitoring point raw sample data of Real-time Collection and vibrating numerical is calculated
4) peak-to-peak value and analysis raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point are monitored on-line in monitoring and control of hydropower station room；
Major part technical scheme still rests on the peak-to-peak value on-line monitoring and original sample to each vibration monitoring point at present
Data analysis aspect, is that some devices have defencive function, due to measurement error caused by the disturbing factor of objective reality, is protected
Nor very reliable, also repeatedly there is improper stoppage in transit caused by signal interference in scene to protective function, bring unnecessary to owner
Loss.
How the interference of noise signal is evaded, it is ensured that the reliable vibrational state region to unit carries out comprehensive accurate in real time
Judge, one being all problem always, and the present invention is in the base in conventional vibration raw sample data acquisition process and on-line monitoring
On plinth, using the integrated data processing ability of platform database, a kind of monitoring to unit current vibration state region is realized
Method, the method can go out the vibration area that unit is presently in real-time exhibition, and be sent according to the real-time change of vibration area
Early warning information, while providing the instrument that statistical query is carried out to the relevant information of vibration area.
The content of the invention
It is not high and incomplete in order to solve the Hydropower Unit vibrational state area monitoring degree of accuracy present in prior art
Technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of vibration of hydrogenerator set state region comprehensive monitoring side based on real time on-line monitoring
Method.
The present invention specifically uses following technical scheme.
A kind of vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method based on real time on-line monitoring, it is characterised in that institute
Monitoring method is stated to comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Using the original sample of each vibration monitoring point in water dispenser runout analysis device collection turbine-generator units
Notebook data, the raw sample data of collection includes vibratory output and throw amount two types；
Step 2：Treatment is analyzed to raw sample data using water dispenser runout analysis device, is carried using characteristic value
The method for taking obtains peak-to-peak value, virtual value, crest factor, variance, the kurtosis of the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point；Step
The raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point includes described in 2：
A) top guide bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data；
B) lower guide bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data；
C) water pilot bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data；
D) generator upper spider X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction；
E) generator lower bearing bracket X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction；
F) generator unit stator frame X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction；
G) water-turbine top cover X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction；
H) spiral case pressure fluctuation raw sample data；
I) pressure fluctuation in draft tube of water turbine raw sample data.
Step 3：Characteristic storage history library is set up, the vibration performance data of each vibration monitoring point, the vibration are stored
Characteristic includes the peak-to-peak value of the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point, while also including turbine-generator units rotating speed, water
Turbine generator group working head, turbine-generator units active power, and turbine-generator units reactive power；
Step 4：The statistical analysis to each vibration monitoring point vibration performance data is realized, according to turbine-generator units working water
Head and the scope of turbine-generator units active power change count the vibration performance data distribution of each vibration monitoring point of unit respectively
Situation, the scope of turbine-generator units working head described in step 4 is from the minimum working head of unit to unit highest working water
Head, the scope of turbine-generator units active power change is from unit zero energy to unit rated power；Then respectively supervised according to unit
The vibrational state region division of unit is stability region, critical zone, vibration by the distribution situation of the vibration performance data of measuring point
Region；
Step 5：According to unit working head instantaneous value, the critical wattful power in set state region is obtained using interpolation function method
Rate value, the critical active power value of vibrational state region described in step 5 includes the critical active power value of vibration area and stable region
The critical active power value in domain, by the comparing of the real-time active power value of unit and the critical active power value in set state region, sentences
Whether the vibrational state region that disconnected turbine-generator units are presently in changes and sends early warning information；
Step 6：Set up vibrational state region and pass through event data table memory, by vibration of hydrogenerator set state region phase
Event data table memory is passed through in pass information write-in vibrational state region, and the information for writing tables of data includes unit vibration state region
Sign value, unit vibration state are passed through event sign value, unit vibration state and pass through event description information, unit real-time working water
Head, the real-time active power of unit；
The meaning of the sign value of vibrational state region described in step 6 is as follows：
A) meaning represented when unit vibration state region sign value is 1 is " unit is currently at vibrating area "；
B) meaning represented when unit vibration state region sign value is 2 is " unit is currently at critical zone "；
C) meaning represented when unit vibration state region sign value is 3 is " unit is currently at stable region "；
The meaning that unit vibration state described in step 6 passes through event sign value is as follows：
A) it is " unit is transitioned into critical zone from vibrating area " that vibrational state passes through the meaning represented when event sign value is 1；
B) it is " unit is transitioned into stable region from vibrating area " that vibrational state passes through the meaning represented when event sign value is 2；
C) it is " unit is transitioned into vibrating area from critical zone " that vibrational state passes through the meaning represented when event sign value is 3；
D) it is " unit is transitioned into stable region from critical zone " that vibrational state passes through the meaning represented when event sign value is 4；
E) it is " unit is transitioned into vibrating area from stable region " that vibrational state passes through the meaning represented when event sign value is 5；
I. it is " unit is transitioned into critical zone from stable region " that vibrational state passes through the meaning represented when event sign value is 6；
Step 7：Event data table is passed through by inquiring about vibrational state region, hydrogenerator in certain time can be counted
Distribution situation of the group in each vibrational state area operation time.
The present invention has following beneficial technique effect：
The screening to vibration performance data is realized, the accuracy of vibrational state regional determination is favorably improved；
The comprehensive monitoring to vibrational state region is realized, the vibrational state of unit can be on the whole monitored, evaded
The deficiency that each vibration monitoring point is monitored on-line one by one；
Realize the timely early warning to vibrational state regional change；
Realize the statistic of classification inquiry to vibrational state regional change event information.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the implementation process scheme schematic diagram of vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the implementation process schematic flow sheet of vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Method of the present invention implementation process scheme is described in further detail with reference to Figure of description.
It is as shown in Figure 1 the vibration of hydrogenerator set state region prison based on real time on-line monitoring disclosed by the invention
Survey method implementation process scheme schematic diagram, the equipment in accompanying drawing 1 represents the water dispenser runout that turbine-generator units are configured and supervises online
Survey device.
Water dispenser runout analysis device in accompanying drawing 1 is mainly obtained water dispenser runout by way of communication acquisition and supervised online
The raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point that device is provided is surveyed, and completes the analyzing and processing to raw sample data.
Real-time database in accompanying drawing 1 will obtain the vibration performance data of each vibration monitoring point by way of communication acquisition, main
To include the peak-to-peak value and generating unit speed of each vibration monitoring point, head, the data such as active power and reactive power.
History library in accompanying drawing 1 will regularly complete the peak-to-peak value and generating unit speed to each vibration monitoring point, and head is active
The historical storage of the data such as power and reactive power.
Platform expanded application APP functional interfaces in accompanying drawing 1 mainly provide the method implementation process completed shown in accompanying drawing 2
Functional interface function used in each step, mainly includes real-time database characteristic value access interface function, and history library characteristic value is accessed
Interface function, self-defined history feature data memory interface function, statistical analysis interface function, interpolation method interface function, vibration
Regional determination interface function, vibrational state passes through event statistics query interface function.
Technical method implementation process scheme of the invention is described in further detail with reference to Figure of description 2.Such as
Accompanying drawing 2 show the vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method based on real time on-line monitoring disclosed by the invention and realizes
Schematic flow sheet, monitoring method implementation process of the invention is comprised the following steps：
Step 1：The original sample of each vibration monitoring point of turbine-generator units is gathered using water dispenser runout analysis device
Data, the raw sample data of collection includes two kinds of original data types of vibratory output and throw amount.
The vibration raw sample data for being gathered mainly includes following vibration monitoring point：
A) top guide bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data；
B) lower guide bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data；
C) water pilot bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data；
D) generator upper spider X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction；
E) generator lower bearing bracket X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction；
F) generator unit stator frame X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction；
G) water-turbine top cover X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction；
H) spiral case pressure fluctuation raw sample data；
I) pressure fluctuation in draft tube of water turbine raw sample data.
The specific method of collection is as follows：
The communication protocol provided using water dispenser runout analysis device completes the collection to vibrating sample data.
Step 2：Treatment is analyzed to raw sample data using water dispenser runout analysis device, is carried using characteristic value
The method for taking obtains peak-to-peak value, virtual value, the ripple of each vibration monitoring point (each vibration monitoring point described in step 1) raw sample data
The contents such as the peak factor, variance, kurtosis.
Peak-to-peak value XppCalculate
Peak-to-peak value is calculated and uses average period method.Vibration sample data in each subregion period sets 5% mistake up and down
Filter is interval, gives up unreasonable sample that may be present, the maximum X of sample point data in each subregion periodmaxWith minimum value it
Difference XminThe as peak-to-peak value X of the subregionpp, the average value of all subregion peak-to-peak values is the peak-to-peak value of the analytical cycle.N is should
The number of the sample point data in analytical cycle, peak-to-peak value unit should using μm.
Xpp=Xmax-Xmin
Virtual value xrmsCalculate
It is as follows using root mean square method computing formula for continuous n sampled point：
Average valueCalculate
For continuous n sampled point, a sampled data for analytical cycle of taking over carries out mean value computation.If analog signal
Sample frequency is fTThe analytical cycle of time-domain analysis is T, then the sampling number in the mean value computation cycle is：N=fTT, then one
The average sampled value of certain passage is in calculating cycle：
Wherein N=fTT, AciIt is the static base value of the passage.
Crest factor, kurtosis, variance etc. are calculated
For continuous n sampled point, variances sigma computing formula is as follows：
For continuous n sampled point, kurtosisComputing formula is as follows：
For continuous n sampled point, crest factor c computing formula are as follows：
Crest factor reflects shock pulse size in signal, x in formulapMaximum in the number of winning the confidence positive peak and negative peak
Value.When c values are more than 1.5, generally can be considered that on bearing parts has local defect to produce.
Step 3：Characteristic storage history library is set up, the peak-to-peak value and generating unit speed of each vibration monitoring point is stored, head,
The characteristics such as active power, reactive power.
By real-time database and the access interface of history library, vibration related data is designed in the way of expansion plugin application and is made by oneself
Adopted relation database table, the characteristic obtained from real-time data base is stored in the table.
Tables of data storing process is as follows：
A) connecting platform data center real-time database, obtains the vibration performance data message for needing；
B) self-defining data table structure is designed, self-defined relation database table is set up；
C) foundation of database is write, is inquired about, inserted, the data processing method such as renewal；
D) timed task is registered, historical storage periodically is carried out to vibration data.
The characteristic classification of storage includes herein below：
A) peak-to-peak value of each vibration monitoring point；
B) generating unit speed；
C) working head；
D) active power；
E) reactive power.
Step 4：The statistical analysis to each vibration monitoring point vibration performance data is realized, according to turbine-generator units working water
Head and the scope of turbine-generator units active power change, the scope of turbine-generator units working head described in step 4 is from unit
, to unit highest working head, the scope of turbine-generator units active power change is from unit zero energy to machine for minimum working head
Group rated power；The vibration performance data distribution situation of each vibration monitoring point of unit is gradually counted respectively, is then shaken according to all
The vibrational state region division of unit is stability region by the vibration performance data distribution situation of dynamic monitoring point, and critical zone shakes
Dynamic region.
The step of statistical analysis and division vibrational state region, is as follows：
(1) object of statistical analysis
Gradually select the peak-to-peak value of each vibration monitoring point of unit.
(2) statistics screening technique is selected：
Using the way of median average filter：Then the N number of characteristic of continuous sampling, remove 1% maximum and 1% minimum value
Calculate the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of N- (N*2%) individual data.
(3) vibration cut off value is selected：
Inputted vibration borders value val1；
Input stability boundaris limit value val2；
(4) timing statisticses region is selected：
Input initial time T1；
Input termination time T2；
(5) result of statistical analysis is exported：
Oscillating boundary curve data datas1；
Stability boundaris curve data datas2.
Step 5：According to unit working head instantaneous value, the critical wattful power in unit vibration region is obtained using interpolation function method
The critical active power value of rate value and stability region, by the real-time active power value of unit and the comparing of critical active power value, sentences
Whether the vibrational state region that disconnected turbine-generator units are presently in changes and sends early warning information.Concrete implementation process
It is as follows：
(1) curve is obtained with interpolation method to adjust function
Obtained using unit statistics result Oscillating boundary curve data datas1 and stability boundaris curve data datas2
The vibrating area of current unit is taken, boundary curve function F1 (x) and F2 (x) of stable region, the function can dynamically provide different water
Head, the critical active power value of vibration area of each vibration monitoring point in the case of different active power and stability region are critical active
Performance number, the curve adjusts function using interpolation method realization：Interpolation method, also known as " interpolation method ", is interval at certain using function f (x)
If middle insert the functional value done, appropriate specific function is provided, given value is taken on these aspects, used on other interval aspects
The value of this specific function as function f (x) approximation, this method is referred to as interpolation method.
(2) the critical active power value of vibration area and the critical active power value in stability region are obtained
Adjusted function algorithm using curve, obtain current unit working head H and obtained by function F1 (x) and F2 (x)
Corresponding active power value Q1 (the critical active power value of vibration area) and Q2 (the critical active power value in stability region)；The output
It is worth the reference value that set state is established as dynamic.
(3) current actual active power value Q is obtained, the current state of unit, and setting regions state sign value is judged
VZ
Work as Q<Q1 units are in vibration operation area and set vibration area state sign value VZ=1；
Work as Q1<=Q<=Q2 units are in critical operation region and set vibration area state sign value VZ=2；
Work as Q>Q2 units are in stable operation zone setting vibration area state sign value VZ=3；
The vibrational state region according to residing for above determination methods export unit
(4) used as discrete variable, the numerical value change according to discrete variable judges shape to vibration area state region sign value VZ
The generating process of event is passed through in state region, and is sent vibration area in real time and passed through event early warning signal
Judge that unit is transitioned into critical zone from vibrating area when vibrational state region sign value VZ is by 1 → 2；
Judge that unit is transitioned into stable region from vibrating area when vibrational state region sign value VZ is by 1 → 3；
Judge that unit is transitioned into vibrating area from critical zone when vibrational state region sign value VZ is by 2 → 1；
Judge that unit is transitioned into stable region from critical zone when vibrational state region sign value VZ is by 2 → 3；
Judge that unit is transitioned into vibrating area from stable region when vibrational state region sign value VZ is by 3 → 1；
Judge that unit is transitioned into critical zone from stable region when vibrational state region sign value VZ is by 3 → 2；
The signal that vibrational state region sign value VZ is monitored as active safety, staff can in real time grasp unit institute
The vibrational state region at place and the prompt message of vibrational state region crossing process.
Step 6：Set up vibrational state region and pass through event data table memory, by the related letter of turbine-generator units state region
Breath write-in self-defining data table.
The information for writing self-defined historical data table includes：
A) unit current vibration state region sign value VZ；
B) unit vibration state region passes through the moment of event generation；
C) unit vibration state region passes through event sign；
D) unit vibration state region passes through event description；
E) unit work at present head；
F) unit current active power.
Step 7：Event data table is passed through by inquiring about vibrational state region, hydrogenerator in certain time can be counted
Distribution situation of the group in each vibrational state area operation time.Achievable basic statistics function includes：
A) statistics vibrational state region changes the moment of event generation；
B) statistics unit is daily in the running time T 1 of vibration area；
C) statistics unit is daily in the running time T 2 of critical zone；
D) statistics unit is daily in the running time T 3 of stability region.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method based on real time on-line monitoring, it is characterised in that described
Monitoring method is comprised the following steps：
Step 1：Using the original sample number of each vibration monitoring point in water dispenser runout analysis device collection turbine-generator units
According to the raw sample data of collection includes vibratory output and throw amount two types；
Step 2：Treatment is analyzed to raw sample data using water dispenser runout analysis device, using characteristics extraction
Method obtains peak-to-peak value, virtual value, crest factor, variance, the kurtosis of the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point；Wherein, it is former
Beginning sample data includes：
A) top guide bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data；
B) lower guide bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data；
C) water pilot bearing X to Y-direction throw raw sample data；
D) generator upper spider X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction；
E) generator lower bearing bracket X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction；
F) generator unit stator frame X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction；
G) water-turbine top cover X vibrates raw sample data to Y-direction and Z-direction；
H) spiral case pressure fluctuation raw sample data；
I) pressure fluctuation in draft tube of water turbine raw sample data；
Step 3：Characteristic storage history library is set up, the vibration performance data of each vibration monitoring point, the vibration performance are stored
Data include the peak-to-peak value of the raw sample data of each vibration monitoring point；Also turbine-generator units rotating speed, hydrogenerator are included
Group working head, turbine-generator units active power and turbine-generator units reactive power；
Step 4：Realize statistical analysis to each vibration monitoring point vibration performance data, according to turbine-generator units working head and
The scope of turbine-generator units active power change counts the vibration performance data distribution situation of each vibration monitoring point of unit respectively,
The scope of the turbine-generator units working head is from the minimum working head of unit to unit highest working head, hydrogenerator
The scope of group active power change is from unit zero energy to unit rated power；Then according to the vibration performance of each monitoring point of unit
The vibrational state region division of unit is stability region, critical zone, vibration area by the distribution situation of data；
Step 5：According to turbine-generator units working head instantaneous value, obtain unit vibration state region using interpolation function method and face
Boundary's active power value, the critical active power value in vibrational state region includes the critical active power value of Oscillating boundary and stablizes side
The critical active power value in boundary, by the real-time active power value of unit and the ratio of the critical active power value of unit vibration state region
Compared with judging whether vibrational state region that turbine-generator units are presently in changes and send early warning information；
Step 6：Set up vibrational state region and pass through event data table memory, by the related letter of vibration of hydrogenerator set state region
Event data table memory is passed through in breath write-in vibrational state region, and the information for writing tables of data is indicated including unit vibration state region
Value, unit vibration state are passed through event sign value, unit vibration state and pass through event description information, unit real-time working head,
The real-time active power of unit；
Wherein, the meaning of vibrational state region sign value is as follows：
A) meaning represented when unit vibration state region sign value is 1 is " unit is currently at vibrating area "；
B) meaning represented when unit vibration state region sign value is 2 is " unit is currently at critical zone "；
C) meaning represented when unit vibration state region sign value is 3 is " unit is currently at stable region "；
The meaning that the unit vibration state passes through event sign value is as follows：
A) it is " unit is transitioned into critical zone from vibrating area " that vibrational state passes through the meaning represented when event sign value is 1；
B) it is " unit is transitioned into stable region from vibrating area " that vibrational state passes through the meaning represented when event sign value is 2；
C) it is " unit is transitioned into vibrating area from critical zone " that vibrational state passes through the meaning represented when event sign value is 3；
D) it is " unit is transitioned into stable region from critical zone " that vibrational state passes through the meaning represented when event sign value is 4；
E) it is " unit is transitioned into vibrating area from stable region " that vibrational state passes through the meaning represented when event sign value is 5；
F) it is " unit is transitioned into critical zone from stable region " that vibrational state passes through the meaning represented when event sign value is 6；
Step 7：Event data table memory is passed through by inquiring about vibrational state region, hydrogenerator in certain time can be counted
Distribution situation of the group in each vibrational state area operation time.
2. vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In step 1, the original sample number to each vibration monitoring point of water turbine set is completed by water dispenser runout analysis device
According to collection, the communication protocol provided using water dispenser runout analysis device completed to the remote collection of raw sample data.
3. vibration of hydrogenerator set state region monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 2
In, the water dispenser runout analysis device completes the original to each vibration monitoring point of water turbine set using the method for characteristics extraction
The analysis of beginning sample data, the method for the characteristics extraction refer to employ average period method and with slide data window filtering
Method.
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