CN105188567A - 钉仓组织厚度传感器系统 - Google Patents

钉仓组织厚度传感器系统 Download PDF

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CN105188567A
CN105188567A CN201480015436.6A CN201480015436A CN105188567A CN 105188567 A CN105188567 A CN 105188567A CN 201480015436 A CN201480015436 A CN 201480015436A CN 105188567 A CN105188567 A CN 105188567A
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tissue thickness
sensing module
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CN105188567B (zh
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S·G·哈尔
B·E·斯文斯加德
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Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc
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Abstract

在各种实施例中，本发明公开了用于在外科缝合器中使用的钉仓。所述钉仓包括钉主体，所述钉主体包括近侧端部和远侧端部。组织厚度感测模块邻近所述钉主体的远侧端部定位。所述组织厚度感测模块包括控制器和传感器。功率键邻近所述钉主体可移除地定位。所述控制器被构造成能够检测功率键，并且当存在功率键时，将组织厚度感测模块保持在低功率状态。当移除功率键时，所述控制器将所述组织厚度感测模块转变为启用状态。

Description

钉仓组织厚度传感器系统
背景技术
本公开整体涉及用于内窥镜式、腹腔镜式或机械手术的外科器械。具体地，本公开涉及包括被构造成能够缝合组织的端部执行器的外科器械。
外科缝合器用于同时在组织中制造纵向切口以及将成排的钉施加到切口的相对侧。此类器械常常包括具有一对协同工作的钳口构件的端部执行器，如果器械旨在用于内窥镜式或腹腔镜式应用，则所述钳口构件能够穿过管道通道。在一个实施例中，钳口构件中的一个接收钉仓，该钉仓具有至少两排侧向间隔的钉，刀片通道的每侧上的一个限定于其中。另一个钳口构件可限定砧座，该砧座具有与仓中的钉排对准的钉成形凹坑。器械也可包括多个凸轮或提升表面，当朝远侧驱动时，所述多个凸轮或升表面穿过钉仓中的开口并且与支撑钉的驱动器接合，以实现钉朝砧座的击发。同时，切割器械(或刀片)沿着钳口构件朝远侧运动，使得同时切割和紧固(例如，缝合)夹持的组织。
在题为“SurgicalStaplingInstrumentHavingSeparateDistinctClosingandFiringSystems(具有分离的不同闭合和击发系统的外科缝合器械)”的美国专利7,000,818中描述了适用于内窥镜式应用的外科缝合器的示例，其公开内容以引用方式全部并入。在使用中，临床医生能够在组织上闭合缝合器的钳口构件，以在击发之前定位组织。一旦临床医生已经确定钳口构件正确地抓持组织时，临床医生可然后击发外科缝合器，从而切断和缝合组织。同时切断和缝合组织动作避免了当通过分别仅切断或缝合的不同外科工具顺序地执行这些动作时可出现的并发症。
外科缝合器被构造成能够用于最佳组织厚度范围。目前，临床医生必须使用视频馈送和直觉来确定在端部执行器中夹持的组织的厚度是否在最佳组织厚度范围内。发展针对给定仓类型的所需厚度的正确感觉可需要几年的实践或者对于一些临床医生来说可永远不会发生。所需的是简单和可靠的系统，用于确定在端部执行器中夹持的组织何时在给定钉仓的最佳组织厚度范围内。
发明内容
在各种实施例中，本发明公开了包括霍尔效应传感器、簧片开关、功率源以及与功率源进行信号通信的控制器的设备。控制器被构造成能够检测簧片开关的状态。磁体可移除地邻近所述设备定位。磁体被构造成能够生成足以将簧片开关保持在饱和状态的磁场。控制器检测饱和状态，并且在簧片开关处于饱和状态的同时将设备保持在低功率状态。当从设备移除磁体时，簧片开关进入非饱和状态。控制器检测簧片开关的非饱和状态，并将设备从低功率状态转变到有源功率状态。
在各种实施例中，公开了外科端部执行器。外科端部执行器包括钉仓，所述钉仓包括近侧端部和远侧端部。钉仓被构造成能够用于在最佳组织厚度范围内缝合组织。砧座相对于钉仓的近侧端部可动联接。组织厚度感测模块邻近钉仓的远侧端部定位。组织厚度感测模块包括传感器和控制器。传感器被构造成能够生成表示位于砧座和钉仓之间的组织的厚度的组织厚度信号。控制器与传感器进行信号通信。控制器包括用于识别钉仓的钉仓类型的装置。钉仓类型和组织的厚度用于确定位于砧座和钉仓之间的组织的厚度是否在钉仓的最佳组织厚度范围内。
在各种实施例中，公开了用于外科缝合器的钉仓。钉仓包括钉主体，所述钉主体包括近侧端部和远侧端部。组织厚度感测模块邻近钉主体的远侧端部定位。组织厚度感测模块包括控制器和传感器。功率键邻近钉主体可移除地定位。控制器被构造成能够检测功率键，并且在存在功率键时用于将组织厚度感测模块保持在低功率状态。当移除功率键时，控制器将组织厚度感测模块转变到启用状态。
附图说明
各种实施例的特征在所附权利要求书中进行了详细描述。然而，通过参考结合如下附图的以下描述可很好地理解关于操作的组织和方法的各种实施例及其优点：
图1和图2示出进行关节运动的外科器械的视图。
图3-图6示出图1和图2所示的外科器械的端部执行器和轴的分解图。
图7示出包括组织厚度感测模块的端部执行器的透视图。
图8示出组织厚度感测模块的一个实施例。
图9A和图9B示出图8所示的组织厚度感测模块的内部视图。
图10示出组织厚度感测模块的一个实施例的框图。
图11示出被构造成能够将组织厚度信号传输到远程设备的组织厚度感测模块的一个实施例。
图12示出被构造成能够接收包括磁体的功率键的组织厚度感测模块的一个实施例。
图13示出霍尔效应传感器的一个实施例。
图14示出被构造成能够接收包括末端连接器的功率键的组织厚度感测模块的一个实施例。
图15是示出用于将组织厚度感测模块保持在低功率状态的方法的一个实施例的流程图。
具体实施方式
本申请的申请人拥有与本申请于同一天提交的名称为“StapleCartridgeTissueThicknessSensorSystem(钉仓组织厚度传感器系统)”的美国专利申请，代理人案卷号END7198USNP/120307，该专利全文以引用方式并入本文。
现在将具体地参考若干实施例，包括示出包括组织厚度感测模块的外科器械的示例性实施的实施例。只要可行，相似或相同的参考标号可用于附图并且可表示相似或相同的功能。附图仅出于说明的目的描绘了本发明所公开的外科器械和/或使用方法的示例性实施例。本领域的技术人员将从以下描述容易地认识到可在不脱离本文所述原理的情况下采用本文所示的结构和方法的可供选择的示例性实施例。
应当理解，本文所使用的术语“近侧”和“远侧”是参考抓持器械的柄部的临床医生而言的。因此，端部执行器相对于更近侧的柄部为远侧。还应当理解，为简洁和清楚起见，本文可相对于附图使用诸如“竖直”和“水平”的空间术语。然而，外科器械在多个取向和位置中使用，并且这些术语不旨在进行限制，也并非绝对的。
根据各种实施例，所述器械可为马达驱动器械、手动器械或机械人式受控外科器械。提交于2013年3月1日的下列专利据此全文以引用方式并入：名称为“ArticulatableSurgicalInstrumentsWithConductivePathwaysForSignalCommunication(带有用于信号通信的导电通路的能够关节运动的外科器械)”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,295；名称为“RotaryPoweredArticulationJointsForSurgicalInstruments(用于外科器械的旋转动力关节运动接头)”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,323；名称为“ThumbwheelSwitchArrangementsForSurgicalInstruments(用于外科器械的指轮开关布置)”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,338；名称为“ElectromechanicalSurgicalDevicewithSignalRelayArrangement(带有信号继电器布置的机电外科设备)”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,499；名称为“MultipleProcessorMotorControlforModularSurgicalInstruments(用于模块化外科器械的多处理器马达控制)”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,460；名称为“JoystickSwitchAssembliesForSurgicalInstruments(用于外科器械的操纵杆开关组件)”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,358；名称为“SensorStraightenedEndEffectorDuringRemovalThroughTrocar(通过套管针去除期间的传感器校直的端部执行器)”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,481；名称为“ControlMethodsforSurgicalInstrumentswithRemovableImplementPortions(用于带有可去除实施部分的外科器械的控制方法)”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,518；名称为“RotaryPoweredSurgicalInstrumentsWithMultipleDegreesofFreedom(具有多自由度的旋转动力外科器械)”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,375；以及名称为“SurgicalInstrumentSoftStop(外科器械软停止)”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,536。
图1和图2示出根据本公开的各种实施例的马达驱动的外科切割和紧固器械10。所例示的实施例是线性内窥镜式器械，并且一般来讲，本文所描述的器械10的实施例是线性内窥镜式外科切割和紧固器械。然而，应当指出的是，本发明并不限于此，并且根据本发明的其他实施例，器械可为另一种类型的内窥镜式器械，诸如圆形或弯曲的直线切割器。公布于2008年7月17日的名称为“SurgicalStaplingDevicewithaCurvedCuttingMember(带有弯曲的切割构件的外科缝合设备)”的美国专利申请2008/0169332以引用方式全部并入本文。此外，器械可为非内窥镜式外科切割和紧固器械，诸如腹腔镜式器械、开放式外科器械或机械人外科器械。在一些实施例中，外科器械10可包括录制能力。公布于2010年12月7日的名称为“SurgicalInstrumentHavingRecordingCapabilities(具有录制能力的外科器械)”的美国专利7,845,537以引用方式全部并入本文。
图1和图2中描绘的外科器械10包括柄部6、轴8、以及连接到轴8的端部执行器12。在各种实施例中，端部执行器12可绕关节运动枢轴14进行关节运动。关节运动控制装置16可邻近柄部6设置，以实现端部执行器12绕关节运动枢轴14的旋转。在所示出的实施例中，端部执行器12被构造成能够充当直线切割器，以夹持、切断和缝合组织，但是在其它实施例中，可使用不同类型的端部执行器，诸如用于其他类型的外科设备(诸如抓紧器、切割器、缝合器、施夹器、接入设备、药物/基因治疗设备、超声、射频或激光设备等等)的端部执行器。
器械10的柄部6可包括用于致动端部执行器12的闭合触发器18和击发触发器20。应当理解，具有涉及不同外科任务的端部执行器的器械可具有用于操作端部执行器12的不同数量或类型的触发器或者其它适合的控制装置。端部执行器12被示出为通过细长轴8与柄部6分离。在一个实施例中，临床医生或器械10的操作者可通过利用关节运动控制装置16使端部执行器12相对于轴8进行关节运动。名称为“SurgicalInstrumentHavinganArticulatingEndEffector(具有进行关节运动的端部执行器的外科器械)”的美国专利7,670,334以引用方式全部并入本文。
除了别的以外，端部执行器12可包括钉通道22和可枢转地平移的夹持构件，诸如砧座24，其保持在当砧座24处于其夹持位置时确保有效地缝合和切断夹持在端部执行器12中的组织的距离处。柄部6包括向下延伸的手枪式握把26，其中通过临床医生将闭合触发器18可枢转地拉向所述手枪式握把26，以引起砧座24朝着端部执行器12的钉通道22的夹持或闭合，从而夹持定位在砧座24和通道22之间的组织。击发触发器20在闭合触发器18的更外侧。一旦闭合触发器18锁定在闭合位置中，则击发触发器20可朝着手枪式握把26轻微地旋转以使得其可被操作者用一只手触到。然后，操作者可将击发触发器20可枢转地拉向手枪式握把12，以引起端部执行器12中的夹持组织的缝合和切断。在其它实施例中，可使用除了砧座24之外的不同类型的夹持构件。柄部6还可包括上部部分28，当用户用他/她的手握住手枪式握把部26时，上部部分28可位于用户的手的上部。砧座24可包括位于砧座24的远侧端部的磁体78。
在可操作使用中，闭合触发器18可首先被致动。一旦临床医生对端部执行器12的定位感到满意，则临床医生可将闭合触发器18拉回至邻近手枪式握把26的其完全闭合、锁定位置。闭合触发器18的拉回导致砧座24向下旋转，从而将组织夹持在砧座24以及定位在通道22内的钉仓34之间。可然后致动击发触发器20。致动击发触发器20使端部执行器12中的切割器械切断夹持的组织，并使钉仓34中的紧固件紧固切断的组织。当临床医生去除压力时，击发触发器20返回到打开位置(如图1和图2所示)。当被压下时，柄部6上的释放按钮19可释放被锁定的闭合触发器18。释放按钮19可以各种形式实施，诸如，例如在美国专利申请公布2007/0175955中公开的。名称为“Surgicalcuttingandfasteninginstrumentwithclosuretriggerlockingmechanism(带有闭合触发器锁定机构的外科切割和紧固器械)”的美国专利申请公布2007/0175955以引用方式全部并入本文。
端部执行器12可包括切割器械，诸如刀片，例如，用于当通过用户回缩击发触发器20时切割端部执行器12中所夹持的组织。端部执行器12也可包括用于紧固由切割器械切断的组织的装置，诸如钉、射频电极、粘合剂等等。器械10也可包括闭合系统，所述闭合系统用于在闭合(回缩)闭合触发器18时闭合(或夹持)端部执行器。
位于器械10的轴8内的纵向活动的或可旋转的驱动轴可驱动或致动端部执行器12中的切割器械和紧固装置。位于器械10的柄部6的手枪式握把部26中的电动马达可用于直接或间接(经由齿轮驱动系)驱动所述驱动轴。在各种实施例中，马达可为DC有刷驱动马达，其具有例如大约25,000RPM的最大转速。在其他实施例中，马达可包括无刷马达、无绳马达、同步马达、步进马达或任何其他适合的电动马达。公布于2010年4月15日的名称为“PoweredSurgicalCuttingandStaplingApparatuswithManuallyRetractableFiringSystem(带有手动可回缩击发系统的电动外科切割和缝合装置)”的美国专利申请公布2010/0089970以及公布于2012年7月3日的名称为“Motor-DrivenSurgicalCuttingInstruments(马达驱动的外科切割器械)”的美国专利8,210,411以引用方式全部并入本文。例如，可在邻近马达的柄部6的手枪式握把部26中提供电池(或“功率源”或“功率组”)，诸如例如锂离子电池。电池可经由马达控制电路向马达供给电力。根据各种实施例，多个串联连接的电池单元可用作给马达供电的功率源。此外，功率源可为可置换的和/或可再充电的。
图3是根据本发明的各种实施例的端部执行器12的图示。如所例示的实施例中所示，除了先前提到的通道22和砧座24之外，端部执行器12可包括切割器械32、滑动件33、可移除地座置于通道22中的钉仓34，和螺旋状螺杆轴36。切割器械32可为例如刀片。砧座24可在连接到通道22的近端的枢轴销25处枢转地打开和闭合。砧座24还可包括在其近端处的凸块27，凸块27被插入到机械闭合系统的部件中以打开和闭合砧座24。当致动闭合触发器18时，即被器械10的用户拖曳时，砧座24可绕枢轴销25枢转至夹持或闭合位置，从而将组织夹持在通道22和砧座24之间。如果端部执行器12的夹持为令人满意的，则操作者可致动击发触发器20，这使得刀片32和滑动件33沿着通道22纵向行进，从而切割夹持在端部执行器12内的组织。滑动件33沿通道22的运动使得钉仓34的钉(未示出)被驱动穿过切断的组织并抵靠闭合的砧座24，这使得钉旋转以紧固切断的组织。在各种实施例中，滑动件33可为钉仓34的一体部件。滑动件33可为钉仓34的一部分，使得当刀片32在切割操作后回缩时，滑动件33不随刀片32回缩并保留了至少部分击发的钉仓34。
图4-图5是根据各种非限制性实施例的端部执行器12和轴8的分解图，并且图6是根据各种非限制性实施例的端部执行器12和轴8的侧视图。如所例示的实施例中所示，轴8可包括由枢轴联接件44枢转联接的近侧闭合管40和远侧闭管合42。远侧闭合管42包括开口45，其中砧座24上的凸块27被插入到开口45中以便打开和闭合砧座24，如下面进一步所描述。在闭合管40、42内部设置的可为近侧脊管46。在近侧脊管46内部设置的可为经由锥齿轮组件52与次(或远侧)驱动轴50连通的主旋转(或近侧)驱动轴48。次驱动轴50连接至与螺旋状螺杆轴36的近侧驱动齿轮56接合的驱动齿轮54。垂直锥齿轮52b可位于近侧脊管46的远侧端部中的开口57中并在其中枢转。远侧脊管58可用于包封次驱动轴50和驱动齿轮54、56。主驱动轴48、次驱动轴50和关节运动组件(例如锥齿轮组件52a-c)在本文中有时被全体地称作“主驱动轴组件”。
定位在钉通道22的远侧端部处的轴承38接收螺旋状驱动螺杆36，从而允许螺旋状驱动螺杆36相对于通道22自由地旋转。螺旋状螺杆轴36可交接刀片32的螺纹开口(未示出)，使得轴36的旋转导致刀片32向远侧或近侧(取决于旋转方向)平移穿过钉通道22。因此，当通过致动击发触发器20导致主驱动轴48旋转时，锥齿轮组件52a-c使得次驱动轴50旋转，由于驱动齿轮54、56的接合，这继而使得螺旋状螺杆轴36旋转，这使得刀片驱动构件32沿着通道22纵向行进，以切割夹持在端部执行器12内的任何组织。滑动件33可由例如塑料制成，并且可具有倾斜的远侧表面。当滑动件33横贯通道22时，前倾表面可向上推动或驱动钉仓34中的钉穿过夹持的组织并抵靠砧座24。砧座24使钉旋转或变形，从而缝合切断的组织。当刀片32回缩时，刀片32和滑动件33可变得脱离，从而使滑动件33保留在通道22的远侧端部处。
在所例示的实施例中，端部执行器12使用可旋转的螺旋状螺杆轴36来驱动切割器械32。此类螺旋状螺杆轴36可用于其中使用旋转驱动构件的实施例。在其他实施例中，纵向往复式驱动构件可用于向切割器械供电，诸如例如，纵向往复式驱动构件。可相应地修改端部执行器12以适应此类纵向往复式驱动构件。
根据各种实施例，钉仓34可包括组织厚度感测模块102，其感测被夹持在钉通道22(包括钉仓34)和砧座24之间的端部执行器12中的组织的厚度。根据各种非限制性实施例，如图7所示，组织厚度感测模块102可邻近钉仓34的远侧端部62定位，使得当击发钉时，所述模块例如相对于钉仓34的钉在远侧定位。图8-图9B示出组织厚度感测模块102的一个实施例。如图8所示，组织厚度感测模块102可包括外壳103，以在使用期间保护组织厚度感测模块102的元件。图9A和图9B示出移除外壳103的组织厚度感测模块102的一个视图。如在图9A和图9B中可看出，组织厚度感测模块102可包括组织厚度传感器104、控制器106、无线电模块108、功率源110、和天线112。
在一些实施例中，组织厚度传感器104可被构造成能够生成表示被夹持在钉通道22和砧座24之间的组织的厚度的组织厚度信号。组织厚度传感器104可为用于检测被夹持在端部执行器12中的组织的厚度的任何合适的传感器。例如，组织厚度传感器104可包括磁性传感器、磁感应传感器、磁阻传感器(AMR、GMR)、超声传感器、射频传感器和/或任何其他合适的传感器。在一些实施例中，组织厚度传感器104可被构造成能够检测由位于砧座24的远侧端部80上的磁体78生成的磁场。当临床医生通过回缩闭合触发器18来闭合砧座24时，磁体78向下旋转靠近组织厚度传感器104，从而当砧座24旋转进入闭合位置(或夹持位置)时，改变由组织厚度传感器104检测的磁场。来自磁体78且由组织厚度传感器104感测的磁场的强度表示钉仓34和砧座24之间的距离，所述距离表示当端部执行器12处于闭合(或夹持)位置时，在钉仓34和砧座24之间夹持的组织的厚度。例如，钉仓34和砧座24之间的较大距离，并因此由组织厚度传感器104检测的较弱磁场可表示厚组织存在于钉仓34和砧座24之间，而钉仓34和砧座24之间的较短距离，并因此由组织厚度传感器104检测的较强磁场可表示薄组织存在于钉仓34和砧座24之间。在一些实施例中，组织厚度传感器104可包括霍尔效应传感器。
控制器106可被构造成能够控制组织厚度感测模块102的一个或多个操作。控制器106可与组织厚度传感器104进行信号通信。信号通信可包括有线和/或无线通信。控制器106可被构造成能够控制组织厚度传感器104、发射器108和/或功率源110的操作。在一些实施例中，控制器106可被构造成能够执行一个或多个过程以控制组织厚度感测模块102和/或端部执行器12。
在一些实施例中，控制器106可包括用于识别定位在钉通道22内的钉仓的类型的识别装置。钉仓34可被构造成用于在最佳组织厚度范围内使用，并且控制器106可被构造成能够确定特定钉仓在给定的一组情况下是否是合适的和/或优选的。例如，在一些实施例中，钉仓34可包括被构造成用于厚组织的多个长钉。在一些实施例中，钉仓34可包括被构造成用于薄组织的多个短钉。当钉仓34的最佳组织厚度范围授权或优选使用较长的钉时，尝试使用被构造成用于薄组织的钉仓可导致外科器械2警告临床医生，例如，或在一些情况下阻止使用外科器械2。识别装置可被构造成能够识别定位在钉通道22内的钉仓的类型，以确保正确类型的钉仓34被安装用于待处理的组织。
在一些实施例中，组织厚度感测模块102可包括无线电模块108。无线电模块108可为低功率双向无线电模块，其使用无线数据通信协议与远程设备诸如例如位于器械10的柄部6中的接收器来进行无线通信。根据各种实施例，无线电模块108可使用适用于通过人体组织传输的通信频率来与远程设备通信。无线电模块108和远程设备之间的通信可使用MICS(医疗植入通信服务)频带(502-405MHz)、合适的工业、科学和医疗(ISM)无线电波段(诸如433MHz中心频率或915MHz中心频率)、蓝牙通信波段(2.4GHz)或者任何其他合适的可穿透人体组织的频带。在一些实施例中，天线112可与无线电模块108进行信号通信。在一些实施例中，天线112可与无线电模块108一体地形成。
组织厚度感测模块102可包括一个或多个功率源110，以用于向控制器106或无线电模块108提供独立的功率。功率源110可包括合适的电池单元，以用于对组织厚度感测模块102的部件诸如例如锂离子电池或一些其他合适的电池单元供电。在一些实施例中，多个电池单元可被提供用于对组织厚度感测模块102的部件供电。
在一些实施例中，由识别装置生成的钉仓类型信号以及由组织厚度传感器104生成的组织厚度信号可用于确定被夹持在钉通道22和砧座24之间的组织是否在钉仓34的最佳组织厚度范围内。在一些实施例中，控制器106可被构造成能够确定被夹持在钉通道22和砧座24之间的组织是否在最佳组织厚度范围内。在一些实施例中，远程系统诸如位于外科器械10的柄部6中的远程设备可被构造成能够执行该确定或该种确定的至少一部分。
图10示出组织厚度感测模块202的一个实施例的框图。在所示出的实施例中，组织厚度感测模块202包括组织厚度传感器204、控制器206、无线电模块208、和功率源210、以及簧片开关211。如图10所示，组织厚度传感器204可与控制器206进行信号通信。组织厚度传感器204可为用于确定被夹持在外科器械10的钉通道22和砧座24之间的组织的厚度的任何合适的传感器。在一些实施例中，组织厚度传感器204可被构造成能够检测由位于砧座24的远侧端部80上的磁体78生成的磁场。磁场的强度可表示夹持在端部执行器12中的组织的厚度。在一些实施例中，组织厚度传感器204可包括霍尔效应传感器。
在图10中示出的控制器206可包括用于识别钉仓34的钉仓类型的识别装置214。识别装置214可为可由控制器206使用以识别钉仓类型的任何合适的装置。例如，在一些实施例中，识别装置214可包括存储器单元。控制器206的存储器单元可包括一个或多个固态只读存储器(ROM)和/或随机存取存储器(RAM)单元。在各种实施例中，控制器206和存储器单元可被集成到单个集成电路(IC)或多个IC中。ROM存储器单元可包括闪存存储器。存储器单元可存储表示钉仓34的钉仓类型的数据。即，例如，存储器单元可存储表示钉仓34的类型的数据。在一些实施例中，存储器单元可存储表示钉仓34的类型的最佳组织厚度范围的数据。
在一些实施例中，识别装置214可包括在组织厚度感测模块102的近侧端部上形成的多个第一末端。可在钉仓34的远侧端部上形成多个第二末端。多个第一末端的子集可与多个第二末端进行信号通信。可通过与多个第二末端进行信号通信的多个第一末端的所述子集表示钉仓34的类型。一个或多个电路可被构造成能够识别进行信号通信的多个第一末端的所述子集，并基于识别的子集向控制器106提供钉仓类型信号。
在各种实施例中，由组织厚度传感器204生成的组织厚度信号以及由识别装置214生成的钉仓类型信号可用于确定被夹持在端部执行器12中的组织的厚度(如通过组织厚度信号表示)是否在钉仓34的最佳组织厚度范围(如通过钉仓类型信号表示)内。例如，如通过组织厚度信号表示的组织的厚度可与钉仓34的最佳组织厚度范围进行比较。在一些实施例中，控制器206可被构造成能够确定测量的厚度是否在最佳组织厚度范围内。例如，控制器206可包括被构造成能够存储钉仓类型以及它们相关联的最佳组织厚度范围的存储器单元。当组织厚度感测模块202进入启用状态时，识别装置214可将钉仓类型信号提供给控制器206。当组织夹持在端部执行器12中时，控制器206可从表示被夹持在端部执行器12中的组织的厚度的组织厚度传感器204接收组织厚度信号。控制器206可访问存储器单元，并且将由识别装置214生成的钉仓类型信号与存储的钉仓类型进行比较。如果钉仓34的钉仓类型与存储在存储器单元中的钉仓类型匹配，则控制器206可访问钉仓34的所存储的最佳组织厚度范围。控制器206可将钉仓34的所存储的最佳组织厚度范围与由组织厚度传感器204表示的组织厚度进行比较，并且可生成表示测量的组织厚度是否在钉仓34的最佳组织厚度范围内的状态信号。控制器206可将状态信号提供给用于传输的无线电模块208。在一些实施例中，无线电模块208可将状态信号传输到位于外科器械10的柄部6中的接收器。在一些实施例中，无线电模块208可将状态信号传输到接收器，该接收器联接到远程设备诸如例如包括接收器82的手术室视频显示器80或者包括接收器86的远程计算机系统84(参见图11)。
钉仓34可包括未被识别装置214识别的钉仓类型。在一些实施例中，如果识别装置214不能够识别被插入到钉通道22中的钉仓34，则控制器206可向临床医生提供表示所述钉仓未被识别的警告。警告可为任何合适的警告，诸如例如，听觉警告、视觉警告、和/或触觉警告。警告可向临床医生表示钉仓34未被识别以及临床医生必须在使用和部署插入的钉仓34时自行斟酌。
具体钉仓的最佳组织厚度范围可包括开放式的范围。例如，在一些实施例中，具体钉仓的最佳组织厚度范围可包括小于最大组织厚度的任何组织厚度。在其他实施例中，具体钉仓的最佳组织厚度范围可包括大于最小组织厚度的任何组织厚度。例如，钉仓可包括适用于缝合厚组织或薄组织的长钉。该钉仓的最佳组织厚度范围可为小于钉仓的最大组织厚度的任何组织厚度。
在一些实施例中，钉仓34可包括适用于任何厚度的组织中使用的钉仓。如果识别装置214识别了通用钉仓，则控制器206可向表示临床医生提供信号，所述信号钉仓34是通用钉仓，并且因此位于砧座24和钉仓34之间的组织的厚度不应影响外科器械2的操作。
例如，钉仓34可邻近组织厚度感测模块202定位。钉仓34和组织厚度感测模块可被插入到钉通道22中。识别装置可将钉仓34识别作为具有介于第一值x1和第二值x2之间的最佳组织厚度范围的钉仓。可由临床医生将组织夹持在砧座24和钉仓34之间。组织厚度传感器204可生成组织厚度信号，该组织厚度信号表示被夹持在砧座24和钉仓34之间的组织的厚度为x。在一些实施例中，组织厚度x可落入最佳组织厚度范围x1-x2内，并且组织厚度感测模块202可向临床医生提供组织厚度x在最佳组织厚度范围内的表示。
在一些实施例中，组织厚度x可超出钉仓34的最佳组织厚度范围。例如，组织厚度x可比最佳组织厚度范围的下限值x1薄。外科器械2可向临床医生提供组织厚度x比最佳组织厚度范围低的警告信号。如果测量的组织厚度x比最佳组织厚度范围薄，则外科器械2可仍允许缝合。又如，组织厚度x可比最佳组织厚度范围的上限值x2厚。外科器械2可向临床医生提供组织厚度x比最佳组织厚度范围厚的警告。在一些实施例中，如果测量的组织厚度x比最佳组织厚度范围厚，则外科器械2可阻止击发钉仓34。在一些实施例中，外科器械可指导临床医生用具有不同最佳组织厚度范围的不同钉仓类型替换钉仓34。
在一些实施例中，控制器206可被构造成能够向无线电模块208提供用于传输到远程设备的组织厚度信号和钉仓类型信号。无线电模块208可将组织厚度信号和钉仓类型信号传输到远离端部执行器12定位的远程设备，诸如例如，外科器械10的柄部6中的控制电路或远程计算机系统84。远程设备可被构造成能够执行接收的组织厚度信号、接收的钉仓类型信号和已知的最佳组织厚度范围之间的比较。例如，远程设备可被构造成能够存储已知的钉仓以及已知钉仓的最佳组织厚度范围。接收的钉仓类型信号可与已知的钉仓进行比较。如果识别了匹配，则接收的组织厚度信号可与钉仓34的最佳组织厚度范围进行比较。远程设备可生成状态信号，该状态信号表示如通过组织厚度信号表示的测量的组织厚度是否在钉仓34的最佳组织厚度范围内。可更新远程设备，例如，通过至有线和/或无线网络的连接。远程设备可被更新以添加新的钉仓类型和最佳组织厚度范围，或者可被更新以调整现有钉仓类型的最佳组织厚度范围。通过更新远程设备，可在不需要更新组织厚度感测模块202的情况下添加或更新钉仓类型。在一些实施例中，远程设备可周期性地接收更新，或者可每当新的或修改的钉仓可用时更新。
在一些实施例中，在通过控制器206或远程设备生成状态信号后，所述状态信号可用于控制外科器械10的操作。例如，状态信号可被提供到外科器械10的柄部6中的马达控制电路。马达控制电路可被构造成能够控制外科器械10的切割和密封操作。如果状态信号表示测量的组织厚度在钉仓34的最佳组织厚度范围内，则马达控制电路可允许切割和密封操作发生。如果状态信号表示测量的组织厚度不在钉仓34的最佳组织厚度范围内，则马达控制电路可阻止进行切割操作和密封操作，并且可向临床医生提供表示组织厚度不在最佳组织厚度范围内的警告。
在一些实施例中，可通过反馈设备将状态信号显示给临床医生。反馈设备可位于外科器械10上，或者反馈设备可为远程设备，诸如手术室视频显示器80。例如，在一些实施例中，外科器械10可配备有发光二极管(LED)。当状态信号表示被夹持在端部执行器12中的组织具有在钉仓34的最佳组织厚度范围内的厚度时，LED被激活。又如，手术室视频显示器80可被构造成能够显示状态信号的图形表示，诸如例如，当测量的组织厚度在最佳组织厚度范围内时显示指示灯。本领域的技术人员将认识到，任何合适的反馈设备可用于将状态信号提供给临床医生。在一些实施例中，外科器械2可包括在外科器械2上的显示窗口。显示窗口可被构造成能够向临床医生显示状态信号或组织厚度信号的表示。显示窗口可提供钉仓34的测量的组织厚度和最佳组织厚度范围的表示。
在一些实施例中，组织厚度感测模块102可被构造成能够接收功率键。功率键可被构造成能够在将钉仓34安装到钉通道22中之前控制组织厚度感测模块102的操作。例如，在一些实施例中，组织厚度感测模块102可包括功率源110。功率源110可与控制器106进行信号通信。控制器106可检测功率键的存在，并且可将功率源110和组织厚度感测模块102保持在低功率状态，以节省来自功率源110的可用能量。
图12示出被构造成能够接收功率键320的厚度感测模块302的一个实施例。功率键320可包括磁体378，磁体378被构造成能够在功率键320被定位为与组织厚度感测模块302相邻和/或连接时将组织厚度传感器104保持在饱和状态。控制器106可检测组织厚度传感器104的饱和状态，并且在组织厚度传感器104处于饱和状态的同时可将组织厚度感测模块302保持在低功率状态。所述低功率状态可包括其中组织厚度感测模块302的各种模块不接收功率或者其中组织厚度感测模块302的各种操作未被执行的状态。例如，低功率状态可从功率源110断开控制器106、无线电模块108、和/或组织厚度传感器104。当功率键320被分开或移动远离组织厚度感测模块302时，组织厚度传感器104可进入非饱和状态。当控制器106检测到非饱和状态时，控制器106可将组织厚度感测模块302转变成启用状态，以用于在外科器械10中使用。启用状态可包括其中组织厚度感测模块302的所有模块和功能被提供有功率且为可操作的状态。
在一些实施例中，设备可包括簧片开关、功率源、以及与功率源进行信号通信的控制器。控制器可被构造成能够检测簧片开关的状态。磁体可邻近所述设备可移除地定位。磁体可被构造成能够生成足以将簧片开关保持在饱和状态的磁场。控制器可检测饱和状态，并且在簧片开关处于饱和状态的同时可将设备保持在低功率状态。当从设备移除磁体时，簧片开关可进入非饱和状态。控制器可检测簧片开关的非饱和状态，并将设备从低功率状态转变到有源功率状态。
图13示出霍尔效应传感器402的一个实施例。霍尔效应传感器402包括霍尔元件404、放大器406、和功率源408。霍尔元件包括第一输入末端410和第二输入末端412。第一输入末端410和第二输入末端412被构造成能够从功率源408接收恒定的输入电流。当磁场不存在时，输入电流进入第一输入末端410且退出第二输入末端412，而不对霍尔元件404的任一侧造成电势损耗。当诸如例如通过磁体478将磁场施加到霍尔元件404时，由于流经霍尔元件404的电子的偏转，因此在霍尔元件404的所述侧处形成电势。第一输出末端414和第二输出末端416位于霍尔元件404的相对侧。第一输出末端414和第二输出末端416将由磁场形成的电势提供到放大器406。放大器406放大霍尔元件404经受的电势，并将放大的电压输出到输出末端418。放大器406的输出可不超出由功率源408施加的限制。放大器406的上限是霍尔效应传感器402的饱和点。
可基于连接到放大器406的功率源408选择饱和点。由于饱和发生在放大器406处而不是霍尔元件404处，因此暴露于大磁场将不会损坏霍尔效应传感器402，而是相反使霍尔效应传感器402进入饱和状态。在一些实施例中，可将开路发射极、开路集电极，或推挽晶体管添加到放大器406的输出。
图14示出被构造成能够接收功率键520的组织厚度感测模块502的一个实施例。组织厚度感测模块502可包括被构造成能够接收功率键520的第一末端516和第二末端518。第一末端516和第二末端518可与控制器106进行信号通信。功率键520可被构造成能够在第一末端516和第二末端518之间创建第一电路状态。第一电路状态可为第一末端516和第二末端518之间的任何合适的状态，诸如例如，开路、短路、特定电阻、电容、电感、或任何其他合适的电路状态。在一些实施例中，控制器106可检测第一末端516和第二末端518之间的第一电路状态，并将组织厚度感测模块502保持在低功率状态。在一些实施例中，第一电路状态可阻止功率源110向组织厚度感测模块502的元件提供功率，诸如通过开路，并且在功率键520存在时阻止控制器106、无线电模块108、或其他供电元件的操作。
在一些实施例中，从第一末端516和第二末端518移除功率键520可在第一末端516和第二末端518之间创建第二电路状态。第二电路状态可为第一末端516和第二末端518之间的任何合适的电路状态，诸如例如，开路或短路。控制器106可检测第二电路状态并且可将组织厚度感测模块502转变成启用状态，以用于与外科器械10一起操作。
例如，在一些实施例中，功率键520可被构造成能够在第一末端516和第二末端518之间创建短路。控制器106可检测第一末端516和第二末端518之间的短路。当在第一末端516和第二末端518之间存在短路时，控制器106可将组织厚度感测模块502保持在低功率状态以节省功率源110。在将钉仓34安装到钉通道22中之前，功率键520可从组织厚度感测模块502移除。当功率键520从组织厚度感测模块502移除时，可打开第一末端516和第二末端518之间的电路。控制器106可检测第一末端516和第二末端518之间的开路，并且可将组织厚度感测模块502转变成启用状态。
又如，在一些实施例中，功率键520可被构造成能够保持第一末端516和第二末端518之间的开路。当第一末端516和第二末端518都处于开路状态时，功率源110可从控制器106和无线电模块108断开。钉仓34可被插入到钉通道22中。一旦钉仓34被安装，则临床医生可从组织厚度感测模块502移除功率键520。当移除功率键520时，可通过第一末端516和第二末端518之间的直接连接或者通过间接连接诸如通过钉仓34、钉通道22或端部执行器12的任何其他合适部分来完成第一末端516和第二末端518之间的电路。例如，当钉仓34安装到钉通道22中且功率键520从组织厚度感测模块502移除时，第一末端516和第二末端518可包括短路。第一末端516和第二末端518之间的短路可将功率源110连接到控制器106和无线电模块108，从而使得组织厚度感测模块502转变到启用状态，以用于与外科器械10一起使用。
图15示出了示出用于将组织厚度感测模块102保持在低功率状态的方法的一个实施例的流程图。如图15所示，在步骤602，控制器106可检测可移除地邻近组织厚度感测模块102的钉仓功率键320、520。控制器106可检测钉仓功率键诸如功率键320、520，例如通过任何合适的方法诸如例如电路状态或传感器状态。在步骤604，当钉仓功率键被定位为邻近或附接到组织厚度感测模块102时，控制器106将组织厚度感测模块102保持在低功率状态。在步骤606，钉仓功率键从组织厚度感测模块102移除。在步骤608，控制器106检测钉仓功率键的移除，并将组织厚度感测模块102从低功率状态转变到启用状态。
在一些实施例中，例如，组织厚度感测模块302可包括被构造成能够检测磁场的组织厚度传感器104，诸如霍尔效应传感器。钉仓功率键320可邻近组织厚度感测模块302定位，并且可包括磁体378，磁体378被构造成能够将组织厚度传感器104置于饱和状态。在一些实施例中，在步骤604，组织厚度感测模块302中的控制器106可检测组织厚度传感器104的饱和状态。当组织厚度传感器104处于饱和状态时，控制器106可将组织厚度感测模块302保持在低功率状态。钉仓功率键320可从组织厚度感测模块302移除。组织厚度传感器104可从饱和状态转变到非饱和状态。控制器106可检测组织厚度传感器104的非饱和状态，并且可将组织厚度感测模块302从低功率状态转变到启用状态。
在一些实施例中，组织厚度感测模块502可包括在组织厚度感测模块502的外壳上形成的第一末端516和第二末端518。第一末端516和第二末端518可被构造成能够接收功率键520。功率键520可在第一末端516和第二末端518之间创建第一电路状态。例如，第一电路状态可包括开路或短路。在步骤604，控制器106可被构造成能够基于第一电路状态检测功率键520的存在。当第一末端516和第二末端518都处于第一电路状态时，控制器106将组织厚度感测模块502保持在低功率状态。功率键520可从组织厚度感测模块502移除，以允许钉仓34安装到钉通道22中。在一些实施例中，移除功率键520可使得第一末端516和第二末端518转变到第二电路状态，诸如，短路或开路。控制器106可检测第二电路状态，并且将组织厚度感测模块502从低功率状态转变到启用状态。
虽然本文所公开的组织厚度感测模块的各种实施例包括无线发射器和功率源，但设想其他实施例。例如，在一个实施例中，至少一个导体诸如线例如可延伸通过外科器械的轴，并且可从柄部向组织厚度感测模块提供信号通信和/或功率通信。
在一些实施例中，控制器和/或功率源可位于柄部中，并且可通过有线连接到控制器、功率源和/或位于柄部中的任何其它部件来连接到组织厚度感测模块。
虽然本文所公开的组织厚度感测模块的各种实施例相对于钉仓在远侧定位，但是设想各种其他实施例，其中组织厚度感测模块可相对于钉仓横向地、在近侧和/或在远侧定位。在某些实施例中，可利用多个组织厚度感测模块。在这样的实施例中，微控制器可被构造成能够解释来自多个组织厚度感测模块的多个组织厚度信号，以获得组织的厚度。
本文所述的各种实施例在钉的上下文中进行了描述，所述钉可移除地存储在钉仓内以用于与外科缝合器械一起使用。在一些情况中，钉可包括线，所述线在它们接触外科缝合器的砧座时变形。此类线可例如由金属(诸如不锈钢)和/或任何其他合适的材料组成。此类实施例及其教导内容可适用于包括紧固件的实施例，所述紧固件可移除地与紧固件仓一起存储以用于与任何合适的紧固器械一起使用。
本文所述的各种实施例在线性端部执行器和/或线性紧固件仓的上下文中进行了描述。此类实施例及其教导内容可适用于非线性端部执行器和/或非线性紧固件仓，诸如例如，圆形和/或成型端部执行器。例如，在2011年2月28日提交的名称为SURGICALSTAPLINGINSTRUMENT(外科缝合器械)的美国专利申请序列号13/036,647(现在为美国专利申请公布2011/0226837)中公开了包括非线性端部执行器的各种端部执行器，所述专利全文以引用方式并入本文。另外，2012年9月29日提交的名称为STAPLECARTRIDGE(钉仓)的美国专利申请序列号12/893,461(现在为美国专利申请公布2012/0074198)据此全文以引用方式并入。2008年2月15日提交的名称为“ENDEFFECTORSFORASURGICALCUTTINGANDSTAPLINGINSTRUMENT(用于外科切割和缝合器械的端部执行器)”的美国专利申请序列号12/031,873(现在为美国专利7,980,443)也据此全文以引用方式并入。公布于2013年3月12日的名称为SELECTIVELYORIENTABLEIMPLANTABLEFASTENERCARTRIDGE(选择性取向的植入式紧固件仓)的美国专利8,393,514也据此全文以引用方式并入。
实例
在各种实施例中，公开了用于处理组织的外科端部执行器。外科端部执行器包括钉仓。钉仓包括近侧端部和远侧端部。钉仓被构造成能够用于在最佳组织厚度范围内缝合组织。砧座相对于钉仓的近侧端部可动联接。组织厚度感测模块与钉仓的远侧端部相邻。组织厚度感测模块包括传感器和控制器。传感器被构造成能够生成表示位于砧座和钉仓之间的组织的厚度的组织厚度信号。控制器与传感器进行信号通信。控制器包括用于识别钉仓类型的识别装置。钉仓类型和组织厚度信号用于确定厚度是否在最佳组织厚度范围内。
在一些实施例中，砧座包括磁体。传感器可被构造成能够检测由磁体生成的磁场。传感器可包括霍尔效应传感器。在一些实施例中，厚度感测模块包括与控制器进行信号通信的发射器。发射器可被构造成能够将钉仓类型和组织厚度信号传输到接收器。钉仓类型和组织厚度信号可被外科器械中的接收器接收。接收器确定厚度测量是否在最佳组织厚度范围内。
在一些实施例中，控制器可被构造成能够生成表示厚度测量是否在最佳组织厚度范围内的信号。发射器可被构造成能够传输所述信号。在一些实施例中，厚度感测模块可包括至少一个功率源，所述至少一个功率源被构造成能够向控制器提供功率。
在一些实施例中，识别装置可包括联接到控制器的存储器单元。存储器单元可被构造成能够存储钉仓类型。在一些实施例中，识别装置可包括位于组织厚度感测模块上的多个第一末端以及位于钉仓的远侧端部上的多个第二末端。多个第一末端的子集与多个第二末端进行信号通信。由与多个第二末端进行信号通信的多个第一末端的子集确定钉仓类型。在一些实施例中，组织厚度感测模块可被构造成能够接收功率键。组织厚度感测模块可包括第一末端和第二末端。第一末端和第二末端可被构造成能够接收功率键，所述功率键被构造成能够将组织厚度感测模块保持在低功率状态。
在各种实施例中，公开了用于外科缝合器的钉仓。钉仓包括钉主体，所述钉主体包括近侧端部和远侧端部。多个钉可移除地存储在钉主体内。多个钉被构造成能够用于在最佳组织厚度范围内缝合组织。组织厚度模块与钉通道的远侧端部相邻。组织厚度模块包括传感器和控制器。传感器被构造成能够生成表示位于砧座和钉仓之间的组织的厚度的组织厚度信号。控制器与传感器进行信号通信。控制器包括用于识别钉仓类型的识别装置。钉仓类型和组织厚度信号用于确定组织的厚度是否在最佳组织厚度范围内。
在一些实施例中，厚度感测模块包括与控制器进行信号通信的发射器以及被构造成能够向控制器和发射器提供功率的至少一个功率源。发射器可被构造成能够传输钉仓类型和组织厚度信号。钉仓类型和组织厚度信号可被外科器械中的接收器接收。接收器确定组织的厚度是否在最佳组织厚度范围内。在一些实施例中，控制器被构造成能够生成表示组织的厚度是否在最佳组织厚度范围内的信号。发射器可被构造成能够传输所述信号。
在一些实施例中，识别装置可包括与控制器进行信号通信的存储器单元。存储器单元被构造成能够存储钉仓类型。在一些实施例中，识别装置可包括位于组织厚度感测模块上的多个第一末端以及位于钉仓的远侧端部上的多个第二末端。多个第一末端的子集可与多个第二末端进行信号通信。通过与多个第二末端进行信号通信的多个第一末端的子集确定钉仓类型。
在一些实施例中，传感器可包括霍尔效应传感器。在一些实施例中，组织厚度感测模块可被构造成能够接收可移除的功率键。功率键可被构造成能够将组织厚度感测模块保持在低功率状态。可移除的功率键可包括磁体，所述磁体被构造成能够将传感器保持在饱和状态。当传感器处于饱和状态时，可保持所述低功率状态。
在各种实施例中，公开了用于附接到被构造成用于处理组织的外科钉仓的组织厚度感测模块。组织厚度感测模块包括传感器和控制器。传感器被构造成能够检测表示抵靠外科钉仓的被夹持的组织的厚度的磁场。控制器与传感器进行信号通信。控制器包括用于识别钉仓类型的识别装置。钉仓类型和组织厚度用于确定厚度是否在外科钉仓的最佳组织厚度范围内。发射器与控制器进行信号通信。至少一个功率源被构造成能够向控制器和发射器提供功率。
在各种实施例中，公开了用于外科缝合器的钉仓。钉仓包括钉主体，所述钉主体包括近侧端部和远侧端部。组织厚度感测模块联接到钉主体的远侧端部。组织厚度感测模块包括控制器和传感器。功率键相对于组织厚度感测模块可移除地定位。控制器被构造成能够检测功率键。当控制器检测功率键时，控制器将组织厚度感测模块保持在低功率状态。当移除功率键时，控制器将组织厚度感测模块转变到启用状态。
在一些实施例中，传感器包括霍尔效应传感器，并且功率键包括磁体。当功率键相对于组织厚度感测模块定位时，磁体被构造成能够将霍尔效应传感器保持在饱和状态。控制器检测霍尔效应传感器的饱和状态，并且在霍尔效应传感器处于饱和状态的同时保持低功率状态。当功率键从组织厚度感测模块移除时，霍尔效应传感器转变到非饱和状态。控制器检测霍尔效应传感器的非饱和状态，并且将组织厚度感测模块转变到启用状态。
在一些实施例中，钉仓包括第一末端和第二末端。功率键在第一末端和第二末端之间创建第一电路状态。当第一末端和第二末端处于第一电路状态时，控制器检测第一电路状态，并将组织厚度感测模块保持在低功率状态。当功率键从组织厚度感测模块移除时，第一末端和第二末端转变到第二电路状态。控制器检测第二电路状态，并且将组织厚度感测模块转变到启用状态。
在一些实施例中，第一电路状态包括在第一末端和第二末端之间的短路，并且第二电路状态包括在第一末端和第二末端之间的开路。在一些实施例中，第一电路状态包括在第一末端和第二末端之间的开路，并且第二电路状态包括在第一末端和第二末端之间的短路。当钉仓被插入到外科缝合器中时，可通过钉仓和外科缝合器之间的连接建立第一末端和第二末端之间的短路。
在各种实施例中，公开了包括霍尔效应传感器、功率源和控制器的设备。控制器被构造成能够从功率源接收功率。当簧片开关处于饱和状态时，控制器被构造成能够将设备保持在低功率状态。控制器被构造成能够在霍尔效应传感器处于非饱和状态时将设备转变到启用状态。
在各种实施例中，公开了用于具有组织厚度感测模块的钉仓组件的功率管理的方法。所述方法包括由控制器检测邻近组织厚度感测模块可移除地定位的功率键。所述方法进一步包括当检测到功率键时，由控制器将组织厚度感测模块保持在低功率状态。当功率键从组织厚度感测模块移除时，控制器转变到启用状态。
在一些实施例中，感测所述功率键可包括由控制器检测传感器的状态。传感器的状态表示功率键是否相对于所述组织厚度感测模块定位。传感器可包括霍尔效应传感器。传感器的状态可包括饱和状态。在一些实施例中，感测所述功率键可包括由控制器检测第一末端和第二末端之间的第一电路状态。第一电路状态表示功率键相对于组织厚度感测模块定位。控制器可被构造成能够检测第一末端和第二末端之间的第二电路状态。第二电路状态表示功率键没有相对于组织厚度感测模块定位。
在一些实施例中，第一电路状态可包括跨第一末端和第二末端的短路，并且第二电路状态可包括在第一末端和第二末端之间的开路。在一些实施例中，第一电路状态可包括在第一末端和第二末端之间的开路，并且第二电路状态可包括跨第一末端和第二末端的短路。
在一些实施例中，所述方法可进一步包括将钉仓插入到外科缝合器中。功率键可从组织厚度感测模块移除。外科缝合器可完成第一末端和第二末端之间的电路连接。
在各种实施例中，公开了用于控制包括控制器、功率源和簧片开关的设备的方法。所述方法包括由控制器检测簧片开关的饱和状态。通过相对于簧片开关定位的功率键将簧片开关保持在饱和状态。功率键包括磁体，所述磁体被构造成能够生成足以将簧片开关置于饱和状态的磁场。所述方法进一步包括当簧片开关处于饱和状态时，由控制器将设备保持在锁定状态。锁定状态包括设备的低功率状态。所述方法进一步包括由控制器将设备转变到解锁状态，其中当功率键从簧片开关移除且簧片开关转变到非饱和状态时，所述转变发生。解锁状态包括设备的启用状态。
本文描述了外科器械和机器人外科系统的各种实施例。本领域的技术人员应当理解，本文所述的各种实施例可与所述的外科器械和机器人外科系统一起使用。提供说明只是为了举例，并且本领域的技术人员应当理解，所公开的实施例不限于本文所公开的设备，而是可与任何相容的外科器械或机器人外科系统一起使用。
本说明书通篇参考的“各种实施例”、“一些实施例”、“一个示例性实施例”或“实施例”意指结合实施例描述的具体特征、结构或特性包括在至少一个示例实施例中。因此，在整篇说明书中适当位置出现的短语“在各种实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”、“在一个示例实施例中”或“在实施例中”并不一定都指相同的实施例。此外，在没有限制的情况下，结合一个示例实施例示出或描述的具体特征、结构或特性可全部或部分地与一个或多个其他实施例的特征、结构或特性组合。
虽然已经通过描述若干实施例示出了本文的各种实施例，并且虽然已经相当详细地描述了示例性实施例，但是申请人的意图不在于将所附权利要求的范围约束或以任何方式限制到这些细节中。本领域的技术人员可容易看出另外的优点和修改形式。例如，所公开的实施例中的每个可用于内窥镜式手术、腹腔镜式手术以及开腹手术，而对其预期用途没有限制。
应当理解，本文的附图和描述中的至少一些已被简化以示出适于清楚地理解本公开的元件，同时为清晰起见除去了其它元件。然而，本领域的普通技术人员将认识到，这些和其它元件可为所需的。
虽然已经描述了若干实施例，但应当明显的是，本领域的技术人员在掌握了本公开的一些或全部优点之后可对那些实施例作出各种修改、变型和改型。例如，根据各种实施例，单个部件可被多个部件替换，并且多个部件也可被单个部件替换，以执行给定的功能或多种功能。因此，在不脱离所附权利要求书限定的本公开的范围和实质的情况下，该申请旨在涵盖所有此类修改、变型和改型。
以引用方式全文或部分地并入本文的任何专利、公布或其它公开材料均仅在所并入的材料不与本公开所提出的现有定义、陈述或其它公开材料相冲突的范围内并入本文。同样地并且在必要的程度下，本文明确阐述的公开内容取代了以引用方式并入本文的任何冲突材料。任何以引用方式并入本文但与本文所述的现有定义、陈述或其它公开材料相冲突的任何材料或其部分，仅在所并入的材料和现有的公开材料之间不产生冲突的程度下并入本文。

Claims (18)

1.一种用于在外科缝合器中使用的钉仓，所述钉仓包括：
钉主体，所述钉主体包括近侧端部和远侧端部；
组织厚度感测模块，所述组织厚度感测模块联接到所述钉主体的所述远侧端部，其中所述组织厚度感测模块包括：
控制器；和
传感器；和
功率键，所述功率键相对于所述组织厚度感测模块可移除地定位，其中所述控制器被构造成能够检测所述功率键，其中，当所述控制器检测所述功率键时，所述控制器将所述组织厚度感测模块保持在低功率状态，并且其中，当移除所述功率键时，所述控制器将所述组织厚度感测模块转变到启用状态。
2.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓，其中：
所述传感器包括霍尔效应传感器；并且
其中所述功率键包括磁体，其中所述磁体被构造成能够在所述功率键相对于所述组织厚度感测模块定位时将所述霍尔效应传感器保持在饱和状态，并且其中所述控制器检测所述霍尔效应传感器的所述饱和状态，并且在所述霍尔效应传感器处于所述饱和状态的同时保持所述低功率状态。
3.根据权利要求2所述的钉仓，其中，当所述功率键从所述组织厚度感测模块移除时，所述霍尔效应传感器转变到非饱和状态，并且其中所述控制器检测所述霍尔效应传感器的所述非饱和状态并且将所述组织厚度感测模块转变到所述启用状态。
4.根据权利要求1所述的钉仓，包括：
第一末端和第二末端；
其中所述功率键在所述第一末端和所述第二末端之间创建第一电路状态，其中在所述第一末端和所述第二末端处于所述第一电路状态的同时，所述控制器检测所述第一电路状态并且保持所述低功率状态。
5.根据权利要求4所述的钉仓，其中，当所述功率键从所述组织厚度感测模块移除时，所述第一末端和所述第二末端转变到第二电路状态，并且其中所述控制器检测所述第二电路状态并且将所述组织厚度感测模块转变到所述启用状态。
6.根据权利要求5所述的钉仓，其中所述第一电路状态包括所述第一末端和所述第二末端之间的短路，并且其中所述第二电路状态包括所述第一末端和所述第二末端之间的开路。
7.根据权利要求5所述的钉仓，其中所述第一电路状态包括所述第一末端和所述第二末端之间的开路，并且其中所述第二电路状态包括所述第一末端和所述第二末端之间的短路。
8.根据权利要求7所述的钉仓，其中当所述钉仓被插入到所述外科缝合器中时，由所述钉仓和外科缝合器之间的连接建立所述第一末端和所述第二末端之间的所述短路。
9.一种装置，包括：
簧片开关；
功率源；和
控制器，所述控制器被构造成能够从所述功率源接收功率，其中所述控制器被构造成能够当所述簧片开关处于饱和状态时将所述装置保持在低功率状态，并且其中所述控制器被构造成能够在所述簧片开关处于非饱和状态时将所述装置转变到启用状态。
10.一种用于具有组织厚度感测模块的钉仓组件的功率管理的方法，所述方法包括：
由控制器检测邻近所述组织厚度感测模块可移除地定位的功率键；
当检测所述功率键时，由所述控制器将组织厚度感测模块保持在低功率状态；
当所述功率键从所述组织厚度感测模块移除时，由所述控制器将所述组织厚度感测模块转变到启用状态。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述功率键的所述感测包括：
由所述控制器检测传感器的状态，其中所述传感器的所述状态表示所述功率键相对于所述组织厚度感测模块定位。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中所述传感器包括簧片开关，并且所述状态包括饱和状态。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述功率键的所述感测包括：
由所述控制器检测第一末端和第二末端之间的第一电路状态，其中所述第一电路状态表示所述功率键相对于所述组织厚度感测模块定位。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，包括：
由所述控制器检测所述第一末端和所述第二末端之间的第二电路状态，其中所述第二电路状态表示所述功率键没有相对于所述组织厚度感测模块定位。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述第一电路状态包括跨所述第一末端和所述第二末端的短路，并且其中所述第二电路状态包括所述第一末端和所述第二末端之间的开路。
16.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述第一电路状态包括所述第一末端和所述第二末端之间的开路，并且其中所述第二电路状态包括跨所述第一末端和所述第二末端的短路。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法，包括：
将所述钉仓插入到外科缝合器中；
从所述组织厚度感测模块移除所述功率键；以及
由所述外科缝合器完成所述第一末端和所述第二末端之间的电路连接。
18.一种用于控制包括控制器、功率源和簧片开关传感器的装置的方法，所述方法包括：
由所述控制器检测所述簧片开关的饱和状态，其中通过相对于所述簧片开关定位的功率键将所述簧片开关保持在所述饱和状态，并且其中所述功率键包括磁体，所述磁体被构造成能够生成足以将所述簧片开关置于所述饱和状态的磁场；
当所述簧片开关处于所述饱和状态时，由所述控制器将所述装置保持在锁定状态，其中所述锁定状态包括所述装置的低功率状态；以及
由所述控制器将所述装置转变到解锁状态，其中当所述功率键从所述簧片开关移除且所述簧片开关处于非饱和状态时，所述转变发生，并且其中所述解锁状态包括所述装置的启用状态。
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