CN105229862A - 具有整体rfi保护的同轴电缆连接器 - Google Patents

具有整体rfi保护的同轴电缆连接器 Download PDF

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CN105229862A
CN105229862A CN201480018178.7A CN201480018178A CN105229862A CN 105229862 A CN105229862 A CN 105229862A CN 201480018178 A CN201480018178 A CN 201480018178A CN 105229862 A CN105229862 A CN 105229862A
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coaxial cable
coupler
cable connector
pillar
contact portion
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CN105229862B (zh
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唐纳德·安德鲁·伯里斯
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Corning Research and Development Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R9/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
    • H01R9/03—Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections
    • H01R9/05—Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections for coaxial cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R9/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
    • H01R9/03—Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections
    • H01R9/05—Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections for coaxial cables
    • H01R9/0521—Connection to outer conductor by action of a nut
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/622—Screw-ring or screw-casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/30—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a screw or nut clamping member
    • H01R4/304—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a screw or nut clamping member having means for improving contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/48—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member

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  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了用于将同轴电缆的末端耦接至端子且提供RF屏蔽的同轴电缆连接器。所述同轴电缆连接器具有耦接器、主体、支柱和/或带有整体接触部分的保持器，所述整体接触部分与所述支柱或所述保持器的至少一部分形成整体以建立电连续性。以此方式，就可通过所述同轴电缆连接器的所述耦接器、所述支柱和/或所述保持器而非通过使用与所述耦接器、所述支柱、所述主体以及所述保持器脱离的部件建立电连续性以便提供RF屏蔽，使得无论所述连接器与所述端子的所述耦接的紧密程度如何，通过同轴电缆连接器传输的电信号的完整性都得以维持。当组装时，所述耦接器及所述支柱或所述保持器提供至少一条迂回路径，从而形成RF屏蔽，使得寄生RF信号衰减。

Description

具有整体RFI保护的同轴电缆连接器
相关的申请案
本申请案根据35U.S.C.§120主张2013年3月15日申请的美国申请案号13/833,793的优先权权益，所述申请案内容为本案的依据且全文以引用方式并入本文。
技术领域
本公开案技术涉及同轴电缆连接器，并且具体来说，涉及提供射频干扰(radiofrequencyinterference；RFI)保护和接地屏蔽的同轴电缆连接器。
背景技术
同轴电缆连接器(诸如F型连接器)用于将同轴电缆附接至另一物体或器具，例如，电视机、DVD播放器、调制解调器或具有适于与连接器接合的端子的其他电子通信装置。器具端子包括内部导体以及周围外部导体。
同轴电缆包括用于传输信号的中心导体。中心导体是被介电材料环绕，并且介电材料是被外部导体环绕，这个外部导体可呈导电箔和/或编织护鞘的形式。通常，外部导体维持处于接地电位，以便为中心导体传输的信号屏蔽干扰噪声，并且维持信号路径上的所需连续阻抗。外部导体通常是被塑料电缆护套环绕，所述塑料电缆护套使外部导体电绝缘并为外部导体提供机械保护。在将同轴连接器安装至同轴电缆末端之前，通常通过剥离护套端部以暴露外部导体的端部来处理同轴电缆的末端。类似地，通常剥离部分电介质以暴露中心导体端部。
行业中已知为“F型连接器”类型的同轴电缆连接器通常包括在同轴电缆的所制备的末端被设计成在介电材料上方、并且在同轴电缆的外部导体下方来滑动的管状支柱。如果该电缆的外部导体包括编织护鞘，那么暴露编织护鞘通常向后翻折至电缆护套的上方。电缆护套和向后翻折的外部导体大体围绕管状支柱延伸，并且通常接收在连接器的外部主体中；连接器的这个外部主体通常牢固地固定至管状支柱。耦接器通常是围绕管状支柱可旋转地固定，并且包括用于与器具端子的外部导体上形成的外螺纹相接合的内螺纹区。
在将同轴电缆的末端连接至电视机、设备箱、调制解调器、计算机或其他器具的端子时，重要的是，实现同轴电缆的外部导体与器具端子的外部导体之间的可靠的电连接。通常，这个目标常常通过确保该连接器的耦合器完全地拧紧在器具的端口上实现。当完全拧紧时，连接器的管状支柱头部与器具端口的外部导体边缘直接接合，由此在器具端口的外部导体与管状支柱之间形成直接的电接地连接；继而，管状支柱与同轴电缆的外部导体接合。
随着某些CATV系统运营商向业主提供的自安装工具包用量增加，由于视频系统中的不良图像质量和/或计算机/因特网系统中的不良数据性能，客户投诉随之增多。另外，CATV系统运营商发现由于不良射频(“RF”)信号进入运营商的系统而诱发的上游数据问题。此类投诉导致CATV系统运营商不得不派出技术人员解决问题。技术人员多次报告引起问题的原因是F型连接器配件松动，这有时是由于业主安装自安装工具包的方式不当造成的。安装不当或松动的连接器可能导致不良信号传输，原因在于装置之间的电路径并不连续，从而导致在来自一或更多外部源的RF能量可进入连接器/电缆布置的位置处导致进入不期望的RF信号，而引起信噪比问题，进而导致不可接受的图像或数据性能。具体而言，RF信号可从诸如手机、计算机等无线装置进入CATV系统，尤其是在700MHz至800MHz传输范围内，这会导致射频干扰(RFI)。
许多现阶段的现有技术F型连接器是依赖于F型公连接器接口与F型母连接器接口之间的紧密接触。如果出于某种原因，允许将连接器接口彼此拉离，诸如在F型公耦接器松动情况下，那么可能产生接口“间隙”。如果未以其他方式进行保护，那么这个间隙可以成为如上所述的RF进入点。
完全环绕或包围结构或装置以保护其不受射频干扰的屏蔽通常称为“法拉第笼(faradaycage)”。然而，当结构或装置包括移动部分时，诸如同轴连接器中所示，难以在给定结构内提供此类RFI屏蔽。因此，由于将连接器耦接至相关端口所需连接器部件之间的必要相对移动，形成以与法拉第笼类似的方式起作用以防止RF信号进出的连接器可能极具挑战。由于部件之间存在机械间隙，部件相对移动可能产生不良RF信号的进入或离开路径，且进一步而言，可能中断提供可靠接地路径必要的部件之间的电通信和机械通信。当需要在连接器连接器不当地安装(即，未拧紧至相应端口)的情况下起作用时，将同轴连接器屏蔽且电接地所需工作更加复杂。
美国专利案号5,761,053教示“电磁干扰(EMI)”已定义为来自电力或电子设备的不期望的传导或辐射的电气干扰，包括瞬变，这种电磁干扰可能妨碍其他电力或电子设备的操作。电磁频谱中的任何频段均可发生此类干扰。RFI通常可与电磁干扰互换使用，但是RFI更适当地限制于电磁频谱的射频部分(通常限定于24千赫(kHz)与240千兆赫(GHz)之间)。屏蔽被限定为插入EMI/RFI源与所需保护区域之间的金属或其他导电配置。此类屏蔽可提供以防止电磁能量从源辐射而出。另外，此类屏蔽可以防止外部电磁能量进入经屏蔽的系统。作为实际情况而言，此类屏蔽通常采用电接地的导电外壳形式。由此，将EMI/RFI的能量无害地散逸到地面。由于EMI/RFI中断诸如集成电路(IC)芯片、IC封装、混合部件以及多芯片模块的电子部件操作，因此使用各种方法来控制来自电子部件的EMI/RFI。最普遍的方法为将覆盖电子部件的“外罩(can)”电接地至诸如印刷接线板的基板。如所熟知，外罩是屏蔽物，可呈导电外壳、金属罩盖、小金属盒、穿孔导电箱的形式(其中空间被布置来最小化给定频带上的辐射)、或为环绕电子部件的导电表面的其他任何形式。当将外罩安装在基板上以使得封装完全环绕并封闭电子部件时，通常将其称作法拉第笼。目前，存在围绕电子部件形成法拉第笼以实现屏蔽用途的两种主流方法。第一种方法是将外罩焊接至环绕印刷接线板(PWB)上的电子部件的接地条。尽管焊接外罩提供优良的电特性，但此方法通常较为耗力。另外，如果需对电子部件进行返工，那么所焊接的外罩很难移除。第二种方法为利用适当的机械紧固件(诸如多个螺杆或夹具)将外罩或其他壳体机械固定。通常，导电垫片材料通常被附接至外罩的底表面，确保与PWB上的接地条实现良好的电接触。机械固定外罩有助于将电子部件返工；然而，机械紧固件的体积较大且占用了PWB上的“宝贵”空间。
已经尝试通过将连续性构件作为单独部件并入同轴电缆连接器来解决同轴电缆连接器的上述问题。就此而言，图1示出连接器1000，连接器1000具有耦接器2000、单独支柱'0、单独连续性构件4000以及主体5000。在连接器1000中，单独连续性构件4000被限定在支柱3000与主体5000之间，且与耦接器2000的至少一部分接触。耦接器2000可由金属(诸如黄铜)制成且镀有导电材料(诸如镍)。支柱3000可由金属(诸如黄铜)制成且镀有导电材料(诸如锡)。单独连续性构件4000可由金属制成(诸如磷青铜)且镀有导电材料(诸如锡。主体5000可由金属制成(诸如黄铜)且镀有导电材料(诸如锡)。
发明内容
本文所公开的实施方式包括同轴电缆连接器，所述同轴电缆连接器具有内部导体、环绕内部导体的电介质、环绕电介质的外部导体以及环绕外部导体的护套，并且用于将同轴电缆的末端耦接至设备连接端口。所述同轴电缆可包括耦接器、主体、支柱以及保持器。所述耦接器可适用于将同轴电缆连接器耦接至设备连接端口。电连续性可以经由耦接器和支柱、保持器及任选的主体而非通过使用脱离或独立于耦接器、支柱以及主体的部件建立，以便提供RF屏蔽，使得无论连接器至端子的耦接的紧密程度如何，都会维持通过同轴电缆连接器传输的电信号的完整性。寄生RF信号在至多约1000MHz范围内衰减至少约50dB。所测量的转移阻抗平均为约0.24欧姆。无论连接器至设备连接端口的耦接的紧密程度如何，都会维持通过同轴电缆连接器传输的电信号的完整性。
耦接器可具有适于与设备连接端口的螺纹部分连接的螺纹部分。耦接器上至少一个螺纹可具有与设备连接端口的至少一个螺纹的螺距角不同的螺距角。耦接器的螺纹的螺距角与设备连接端口的螺纹的螺距角可相差约2度。耦接器的螺纹的螺距角可为约62度，并且设备连接端口的螺纹的螺距角可为约60度。耦接器的螺纹部分和设备连接端口的螺纹部分可以建立第二迂回路径，并且所述第二迂回路径可使连接器外部的RF信号衰减。
在另一方面中，本文所公开的实施方式包括同轴电缆连接器，所述同轴电缆连接器具有内部导体、环绕内部导体的电介质、环绕电介质的外部导体以及环绕外部导体的护套，并且用于将同轴电缆的末端耦接至设备连接端口。所述同轴电缆包括耦接器、主体、支柱以及保持器。支柱或保持器包括整体接触部分。接触部分与支柱或保持器的至少一部分成整体。当组装时，该耦接器以及支柱或保持器提供至少一个迂回路径，由此形成RF屏蔽，使得寄生RF信号衰减，这样使得无论连接器至端子的耦接的紧密程度如何，都会维持通过同轴电缆连接器传输的电信号的完整性。
RF信号包括进入连接器的RF信号以及离开连接器的RF信号中的至少一者。RF信号在至多约1000MHz范围内衰减至少约50dB，并且转移阻抗平均为约0.24欧姆。至少一个迂回路径包括第一迂回路径以及第二迂回路径。耦接器包括唇部和台阶，并且支柱或保持器包括凸缘和肩部。第一迂回路径通过台阶、唇部、凸缘、接触部分以及肩部中的至少一者建立。端子包括设备连接端口，并且该耦接器包括适于与设备连接端口的螺纹部分连接的螺纹部分，并且耦接器的螺纹部分和设备连接端口的螺纹部分建立第二迂回路径。耦接器上至少一个螺纹具有与设备连接端口的至少一个螺纹的螺距角不同的螺距角。
在又一方面中，本文所公开的实施方式包括同轴电缆连接器，所述同轴电缆连接器具有内部导体、环绕内部导体的电介质、环绕电介质的外部导体以及环绕外部导体的护套，并且用于将同轴电缆的末端耦接至设备连接端口。同轴电缆包括耦接器、主体、支柱以及保持器。耦接器适于将连接器耦接至设备连接端口。该耦接器具有台阶以及适于与设备连接端口的螺纹部分连接的螺纹部分。耦接器上至少一个螺纹具有与设备连接端口的至少一个螺纹的螺距角不同的螺距角。主体与耦接器组装起来。支柱与耦接器以及主体组装起来，并且适于接收同轴电缆末端。支柱包括凸缘、接触部分以及肩部。
第一迂回路径通过台阶、凸缘、接触部分以及肩部建立。第二迂回路径通过耦接器的螺纹部分和第二迂回路径的螺纹部分建立。第一迂回路径和第二迂回路径为组装好的同轴电缆连接器提供RF屏蔽，其中同轴电缆连接器外部的RF信号在至多约1000MHz范围内衰减至少约50dB，并且无论连接器与设备连接端口的耦接的紧密程度如何，都会维持通过同轴电缆连接器传输的电信号的完整性。转移阻抗平均为约0.24欧姆。另外，耦接器的螺纹的螺距角与设备连接端口的螺纹的螺距角可相差约2度。作为非限制性实例，耦接器的螺纹的螺距角可为约62度，并且设备连接端口的螺纹的螺距角可为约60度。
另外的特征和优点在以下具体实施方式中阐述，并且部分从描述中将对本领域的技术人员显而易见，或通过实践本文(包括具体实施方式、权利要求书及附图)所述实施方式来认识。
应当理解，前述一般描述以及以下具体实施方式仅为示例性的，并且旨在提供用于理解权利要求书的性质和特性的概述或框架。附图被包括来提供进一步的理解，并且并入本说明书中且构成本说明书的一部分。附图示出一或更多实施方式，并与描述一起用于解释各种实施方式的原理和操作。
附图说明
图1为常规同轴电缆连接器的侧剖面图；
图2为具有接触部分以提供整体RFI和接地屏蔽的支柱的同轴连接器的示例性实施方式的侧剖面图；
图3A为处于部分组装状态下的图2的同轴电缆连接器的侧剖面图；
图3B为处于比图3A所示更进一步的组装状态下的图2的同轴电缆连接器的支柱的局部剖面细节图，并且示出该支柱的接触部分开始形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓；
图3C为处于比图3A和图3B所示更进一步的组装状态下的图2的同轴电缆连接器的支柱的局部剖面细节图，并且示出该支柱的接触部分继续形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓；
图3D为处于比图3A、图3B以及图3C所示更进一步的组装状态下的图2的同轴电缆连接器的支柱的局部剖面细节图，并且示出该支柱的接触部分形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓；
图4A为图2的同轴电缆连接器的支柱的局部剖面图，其中支柱部分插入到成形工具中；
图4B为图2的同轴电缆连接器的支柱的局部剖面细节图，其中该支柱比使用成形工具的图4A所示更进一步插入到成形工具中，并且示出该支柱的接触部分开始形成为符合于成形工具轮廓；
图4C为图2的同轴电缆连接器的支柱的局部剖面细节图，其中该支柱比图4A以及图4B所示更进一步插入到成形工具中，并且示出该支柱的接触部分继续形成为符合于成形工具的轮廓；
图4D为图2的同轴电缆连接器的支柱的局部剖面细节图，其中支柱完全插入到成形工具中，并且示出该支柱的接触部分形成为符合于成形工具的轮廓；
图5A至图5H为支柱的接触部分的示例性实施方式的正示意图和侧示意图；
图6为处于组装状态下的包括整体销的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的剖面图，其中主体具有形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓的接触部分；
图6A为处于组装状态下的图6所示同轴电缆连接器的剖面图，示出该主体的接触部分并且适于形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓；
图7为包括整体销的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的剖面图，其中该耦接器围绕主体而非支柱旋转，并且接触部分为压入配合至主体中的部件的一部分并且形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓；
图8为处于部分组装状态下的并且包括整体销的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的剖面图，其中该耦接器围绕主体而非支柱旋转，并且接触部分为压入配合至主体中的部件的一部分并且形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓；
图8A为具有图8的同轴电缆连接器的接触部分的部件的正视侧细节图；
图9为同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的剖面图，该同轴电缆连接器包括无支柱的配置以及具有形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓的接触部分的主体；
图10为同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的剖面图，该同轴电缆连接器包括六角压接型连接器以及具有形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓的接触部分的支柱；
图11为图2的同轴电缆连接器的支柱的等距示意图，其中支柱具有处于成形状态下的接触部分；
图12为图2的同轴电缆连接器的支柱以及耦接器的等距剖面图，示出支柱的形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓的接触部分；
图13为具有耦接器的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的剖面图，耦接器具有形成为符合于支柱的轮廓的接触部分；
图14为具有支柱的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的剖面图，支柱具有形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓的接触部分；
图15为具有支柱的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的剖面图，支柱具有朝向同轴电缆连接器的后部形成为符合于在耦接器中的唇部后方的轮廓的接触部分；
图16为具有支柱的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的剖面图，支柱具有朝向同轴电缆连接器的后部形成为符合于在耦接器中的唇部后方的轮廓的接触部分；
图17为具有主体的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的剖面图，主体具有朝向同轴电缆连接器的后部形成为符合于在耦接器中的唇部后方的轮廓的接触部分；
图18为具有支柱的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的剖面图，支柱具有形成为符合于带有切口的耦接器的轮廓的接触部分；
图18A为具有支柱的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的局部剖面图，支柱具有形成为符合于带有切口的耦接器的轮廓的接触部分，使得所制备的同轴电缆插入到该同轴电缆连接器中；
图19为具有可移动支柱的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的局部剖面图，该可移动支柱具有接触部分，其中支柱位于向前位置；
图20为图19的同轴电缆连接器的局部剖面图，其中可移动支柱在向后位置，并且可移动支柱的接触部分形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓；
图21为包括整体销的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的剖面图；
图22为处于部分组装状态下的图21所示同轴电缆连接器的剖面图，示出保持器的接触部分并且适于形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓；
图23为处于相继更进一步部分组装状态下的图21所示同轴电缆连接器的剖面图，示出保持器的接触部分适于形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓；
图24为处于相继更进一步部分组装状态下的图21所示同轴电缆连接器的剖面图，示出保持器的接触部分适于形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓，其中保持器正处于未张开的状态；
图25为处于相继更进一步部分组装状态下的图21所示同轴电缆连接器的剖面图，示出保持器的接触部分适于形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓，其中保持器正处于最终张开状态；
图26为组装好的同轴电缆连接器的示例性实施方式的侧剖面图，该同轴电缆连接器在耦接器处提供迂回电气路径以形成用于RF保护的整体法拉第笼；
图27为图26的组装好的电缆连接器的局部剖面细节图，示出耦接器、支柱以及主体间的迂回路径以及耦接器与设备连接端口间的另一迂回路径；
图28为图21的组装好的电缆连接器的局部剖面细节图，示出耦接器、保持器以及主体间的迂回路径以及耦接器与设备连接端口间的另一迂回路径；
图29为图27的耦接器、支柱以及主体的局部剖面细节图；
图30为设备连接端口的螺纹以及图27的组装好的同轴电缆连接器的耦接器的螺纹的局部剖面细节图；以及
图31为图26的同轴电缆连接器的RF屏蔽的图形表示，其中RF屏蔽在以MHz计的频率范围内以dB为单位测量。
具体实施方式
现将详细参考实施方式，这些实施方式实例在附图中示出，在附图中示出一些而非全部实施方式。在事实上，概念可以许多不同形式体现，并且在本文中不应被理解为限制性的。相反，这些实施方式被提供来使得本公开案将会满足适用法律要求。在任何可能情况下，相相同参考数字用于指示相同的部件或零件。
同轴电缆连接器用于将同轴电缆的所制备的末端耦接至器具的带螺纹母设备连接端口。同轴电缆连接器可具有支柱、可移动支柱或可为无支柱的。然而，在任何情况下，除了在同轴连接器的导体与母设备连接端口的导体之间提供电连接和机械连接之外，同轴电缆连接器还提供从同轴电缆的外部导体至设备连接端口的接地路径。例如，外部导体可为导电箔或编织护鞘。为了提供RF屏蔽，可以通过同轴连接器的部件而非通过使用单独接地或连续性构件或部件建立电连续性。换句话说，不通过使用脱离或独立于其他部件的部件，就可建立电连续性，所述其他部件可以包括但不限于耦接器、支柱、保持器以及主体。以此方式，就可减少同轴电缆连接器中的部件数目、简化制造并且提高性能。
维持电连续性并且由此维持稳定接地路径防止不期望或寄生射频(“RF”)信号进入，这种RF信号会使器具性能降级。以此方式，就可维持通过同轴电缆连接器传输的电信号的完整性。这在同轴电缆连接器因初始安装时未拧紧或因在安装后变得松动而未完全拧紧至设备连接端口时尤其适用。
当结构或装置包括移动部分(诸如同轴电缆连接器)时，给定结构内的RF屏蔽可能是复杂的。由于将连接器耦接至设备端口所需要的连接器部件之间的必要相对移动，提供充当法拉第笼以防止RF信号进出的同轴电缆连接器可能极具挑战。由于部件之间机械间隙而造成的部件相对移动可能产生不良RF信号的进入或离开路径，且进一步而言，可能中断提供可靠接地路径必要的部件之间的电通信和机械通信。为了克服这种情况，同轴电缆连接器可并入允许连接器部件之间的必要相对移动且仍抑制RF信号进入或离开的一或多个迂回路径。与部件的整体接地凸缘(所述凸缘与耦接器可移动地接触)相组合的这条路径在RF同轴连接器的有限空间内充当可旋转或可移动的法拉第笼，从而形成即使在未适当安装时仍屏蔽RFI且提供电接地的连接器。
本文所公开的实施方式包括同轴电缆连接器，所述同轴电缆连接器具有内部导体、环绕内部导体的电介质、环绕电介质的外部导体以及环绕外部导体的护套，并且用于将同轴电缆的末端耦接至设备连接端口。同轴电缆包括耦接器、主体、支柱以及任选的保持器。该耦接器适于将连接器耦接至设备连接端口。该耦接器具有台阶以及适于与设备连接端口的螺纹部分连接的螺纹部分。耦接器上至少一个螺纹具有与设备连接端口的至少一个螺纹的螺距角不同的螺距角。主体与耦接器组装起来。支柱与耦接器以及主体组装起来，并且适于接收同轴电缆末端。支柱或保持器可以包括凸缘、接触部分以及肩部。接触部分与支柱或保持器的至少一部分整合且成整体。
第一迂回路径通过台阶、凸缘、接触部分以及肩部建立。第二迂回路径通过耦接器的螺纹部分和设备连接端口的螺纹部分建立。第一迂回路径和第二迂回路径为组装好的同轴电缆连接器提供RF屏蔽，其中同轴电缆连接器外部的RF信号在至多约1000MHz范围内衰减至少约50dB，并且无论连接器与设备连接端口的耦接的紧密程度如何，都会维持通过同轴电缆连接器传输的电信号的完整性。转移阻抗平均为约0.24欧姆。另外，耦接器的螺纹的螺距角与设备连接端口的螺纹的螺距可相差约2度。作为非限制性实例，耦接器的螺纹的螺距角可为约62度，并且设备连接端口的螺纹的螺距角为约60度。
出于这种描述目的，术语“向前”将用于指朝向同轴电缆连接器的附接至端子(诸如器具设备端口)的部分的方向。术语“向后”将用于指朝向同轴电缆连接器接收同轴电缆的部分的方向。术语“端子”将用于指同轴电缆连接器可耦接至的任何类型连接介质，例如，器具设备端口、任何其他类型端口、或中间端接装置。此外，应当理解，在本文中还应使用术语“RF屏蔽物”或“RF屏蔽”指示射频干扰(RFI)屏蔽物或屏蔽以及电磁干扰(EMI)屏蔽物或屏蔽，并且应当认为此类术语具有相同意义。另外，出于本文目的，电连续性将意味着从同轴电缆的外部导体至设备端口的低于约3000毫欧姆的DC接触电阻。因此，大于约3000毫欧姆的DC接触电阻将被视为指示同轴电缆的外部导体与设备端口之间的路径的的电中断性或开路。
现在参考图2，示出同轴电缆连接器100的示例性实施方式。同轴电缆连接器100具有前端105、后端195、耦接器200、支柱300、主体500、壳体600以及抓紧构件700。耦接器200包括前端205、后端295、中央通道210、具有向前表面216和向后表面217的唇部215、由唇部215形成的通孔220以及孔230。耦接器200可由诸如金属(诸如黄铜)制造且镀有导电材料(诸如镍)。替代地或另外，耦接器200的所选表面可涂覆有导电或非导电涂层或润滑剂或上述各项的组合。支柱300可为管状，并且包括前端305、后端395以及接触部分310。在图2中，接触部分310示为与支柱300整体形成且成整体的突起。接触部分310可以(但非必须)径向突出。支柱300还可包括放大肩部340、凸缘320、通孔325、向后环状表面330以及邻近后端395的带倒钩的部分335。支柱300可由金属(诸如黄铜)制造且镀有导电材料(诸如锡)。另外，如下所述，在示例性实施方式中，材料可以具有适当弹簧特性，从而允许接触部分310为柔性的。替代地或另外，支柱300的所选表面可涂覆有导电或非导电涂层或润滑剂或上述各项的组合。如上所述，接触部分310与支柱300成整体，并且通过连接器100来提供至连接器100可耦接到的设备端口(未在图2中示出)的电连续性。以此方式，支柱300提供通过连接器100的稳定接地路径，并且由此提供防止RF信号进入和离开的电磁或RF屏蔽。电连续性通过耦接器200、支柱300以及主体而非使用脱离或独立于耦接器200、支柱300以及主体500的部件建立，以便提供RF屏蔽。以此方式，无论连接器100与端子的耦接的紧密程度如何，都可维持通过同轴电缆连接器100传输的电信号的完整性。维持电连续性并且由此维持稳定接地路径防止不期望或寄生射频(“RF”)信号进入，所述RF信号可能使得器具性能降级。以此方式，就可维持通过同轴电缆连接器100传输的电信号的完整性。这在同轴电缆连接器100因在初始安装时未拧紧或安装后变得松动而未完全拧紧至设备连接端口时尤其适用。
主体500包括前端505、后端595以及中央通道525。主体500可由金属(诸如黄铜)制造且镀有导电材料(诸如镍)。壳体600包括前端605、后端695以及中央通道625。壳体600可由金属(诸如黄铜)制造且镀有导电材料(诸如镍)。抓紧构件700包括前端705、后端795以及中央通道725。抓紧构件700可由适当的聚合物材料(诸如缩醛或尼龙)制造。树脂可选自以良好疲劳寿命、低湿度敏感性、高溶剂和化学品耐蚀性以及良好的电特性来表征的热塑塑料。
在图2中，同轴电缆连接器100示为处于未附接、未压缩状态，此时同轴电缆未插入同轴电缆连接器100中。同轴电缆连接器100将同轴电缆的所制备的末端耦接至端子，诸如带螺纹母设备器具连接端口(未在图2中示出)。这将参考图18A更详细地论述。壳体600在主体500的后端595处可滑动地附接至主体500。耦接器200在耦接器200的后端295处附接至同轴电缆连接器100。耦接器200可旋转地附接至支柱300的前端305，同时借助压入配合来与主体500接合。支柱300的前端305在耦接器200的中央通道210中，并具有适于延伸至同轴电缆中的后端395。在后端395附近的位置，支柱300具有从支柱300向外径向延伸的带倒钩的部分335。前端305处的放大肩部340在耦接器200内延伸。放大肩部340包括套环部分320以及向后环状表面330。套环部分320允许借助与耦接器200的通孔220的间隙配合来使耦接器200旋转。向后环状表面330通过与唇部215的向前表面216接合来限制耦接器200的向前轴向移动。同轴电缆连接器100还可包括密封环800，该密封环安置于耦接器200内，以在耦接器200与主体500之间形成密封。
接触部分310可与支柱300成整体或支柱300的成套部分。由此，接触部分310及支柱300或支柱300的部分可由整块材料构造。接触部分310可在唇部215的向前表面216的前方位置处与耦接器200接触。以此方式，支柱300的接触部分310在支柱300、耦接器200及主体500之间提供导电路径。这实现从同轴电缆通过同轴电缆连接器100至端子的导电路径，以提供电接地并提供对RF进入和离开的屏蔽。接触部分310可成形以使得当同轴电缆连接器100组装时，接触部分310可以形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。换句话说，耦接器200形成或成形为支柱300的接触部分310。基于接触部分310材料，接触部分310的形成或成形可以具有某些弹性/塑性特性。如下参考图4A至图4D更详细地解释，接触部分310在同轴电缆连接器100的部件组装后变形，或替代地，支柱300的接触部分310可为预成形或部分预成形的，以与耦接器200电接触地配合。以此方式，支柱300固定在同轴电缆连接器100内，并且接触部分310在主体500与耦接器200之间建立导电路径。此外，由于接触部分310的弹性/塑性特性，因此无论端子上同轴电缆连接器100的紧密程度如何，都会保持建立导电路径。此情况的原因在于，不管同轴电缆连接器100的部件之间的任何空隙大小如何，接触部分310都会维持部件之间(在此情况下，支柱300与耦接器200之间)的机械接触和电接触。换句话说，即使同轴电缆连接器100松动和/或与端子部分分离，只要耦接器200与设备端口存在一定接触，接触部分310就与支柱300和耦接器200成整体且维持支柱300与耦接器200之间所建立的导电路径。
尽管图2中的同轴电缆连接器100为具有支柱300的轴向压缩型同轴连接器，但是接触部分310可与任何类型的同轴电缆连接器以及同轴电缆连接器的任何其他部件整合且成整体，在本文中将会参考实施方式论述此情况的实例。然而，在所有此类示例性实施方式中，接触部分310通过同轴电缆连接器100提供从同轴电缆连接器100接收的同轴电缆的外部导体至端子的电连续性，而不需要单独部件。另外，无论耦接器与端子的紧密或松动程度如何，接触部分310都会提供电连续性。换句话说，无论和/或不管同轴电缆连接器100至端子的耦接的紧密程度或充分性如何，接触部分310都会提供从同轴电缆的外部导体至端子的电连续性。仅耦接器200与端子接触是必要的。
现在参考图3A、图3B、图3C及图3D，支柱300示为处于与耦接器200和主体500组装的不同状态。在图3A中，支柱300示为与耦接器200和主体500部分组装起来，其中支柱300的接触部分310(示为突起)位于耦接器200外部且其前方。接触部分310可以(但非必须)径向突出。在图3B中，接触部分310已开始前进至耦接器200中，并且接触部分310开始形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。如图3B所示，接触部分310正形成为弓形、或至少部分弓形的形状。如图3C所示，随着支柱300进一步前进至耦接器200中，接触部分310继续形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。当如图3D所示组装时，接触部分310形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓，并且可接触地接合孔230以适应孔230的公差变化。在图3D中，耦接器200具有渐缩表面部分202。组装期间，表面部分202将接触部分310导引至接触部分310成形状态，其方式为不会损害接触部分310的结构完整性并且由此不会损害接触部分310弹性/塑性特性。表面部分202可为或可具有其他结构特征(作为非限制性实例，弯曲边缘)，以便导引接触部分310。处于如上所述成形状态下的接触部分310的柔性或弹性性质允许耦接器200可容易地旋转且仍维持可靠导电路径。应当理解，基于接触部分310的材料的弹性/塑性特性，接触部分310可成形且因此可以未成形或成形状态存在。当同轴电缆连接器100组装时，接触部分310从未成形的状态过渡至成形状态。
现在参考图4A、图4B、图4C以及图4D，支柱300示为处于插入成形工具900中的不同状态。在图4A中，支柱300示为部分插入成形工具900中，其中支柱300的接触部分310示为突起。突起可为(但非必须)径向突出。在图4B中，接触部分310已开始前进至成形工具900中。随着接触部分310前进至成形工具900中，接触部分310开始柔性形成为符合于成形工具900内部轮廓。如图4B所示，接触部分310正形成为弓形或至少部分弓形的形状。如图4C所示，随着支柱300进一步前进至成形工具900中，接触部分310继续形成为符合于成形工具900内部轮廓。在如图4C所示插入的最后阶段，接触部分310完全形成为符合于成形工具900轮廓，并且基于接触部分310的材料的弹性/塑性特性，接触部分310在成形过程中已经历了变形，但仍保持弹簧或弹性特性。在接触部分310的成形完成或部分完成后，支柱300从成形工具900上移除，并且随后可安装于连接器100或其他类型的同轴电缆连接器中。接触部分310形成或成形为符合于成形工具900的轮廓的这个方式可以用来帮助在后续制造过程中处理(例如，电镀)支柱300。另外，使用这种方法使能够实现如图5A至图5H所示接触部分310形成的各种配置。
图5A为支柱300的示例性实施方式的侧示意图，其中接触部分310为径向突出的突起，所述突起完全包围支柱300。在这个视图中，接触部分310可为可成形的，但尚未成形以反映同轴电缆连接器或成形工具轮廓。图5B为图5的支柱300的正示意图。图5C为支柱300的示例性实施方式的侧示意图，其中接触部分310具有多拐角的配置。接触部分310可为突起，并且可以(但非必须)径向突出。尽管在图5C中，接触部分310示为具有三个拐角，但接触部分310可具有任何数目拐角配置，作为非限制性实例，具有两个、三个、四个或更多个拐角。在图5C中，接触部分310可为可成形的，但尚未成形以反映同轴电缆连接器或成形工具轮廓。图5D为图5C的支柱300的正示意图。图5E为支柱300的侧示意图，其中接触部分310具有三拐角的配置。在这个视图中，接触部分310示为正在形成接触部分310朝向支柱300的前端305倾斜或歪斜的形状。图5F为图5E的支柱300的正示意图。图5G为支柱300的示例性实施方式的侧示意图，其中接触部分310具有三拐角的配置。在这个视图中，接触部分310以与图5E中不同的方式形成，其中接触部分310中的压痕311导致分段或减小的弓形形状313。图5H为图5G的支柱300的正示意图。
对于本领域的技术人员将会显而易见的是，图2至图5H所示接触部分310可与支柱300整合且为整体。另外，接触部分310可具有或可呈任何形状，包括可与支柱300其他部分齐平或对齐的形状，或可具有任何数目的配置(作为非限制性实例，在从完整圆形至多拐角的几何形状的范围内的配置)且仍能够执行接触部分310的提供电连续性的功能。此外，接触部分310可为可成形的，且成形为任何形状或处于任何方向上。
图6为包括整体销805的同轴电缆连接器110的示例性实施方式的剖面图，其中耦接器200围绕主体500而非支柱300旋转，并且接触部分510为从主体500而非支柱300的突起，其与主体500整合且成整体。就此而言，接触部分510可为主体500的成套部分。由此，接触部分510可与主体500或主体500的一部分一起来由整块材料构造。同轴电缆连接器110被配置成接受同轴电缆。当耦接器200主体500组装(如图6A所示与)时，接触部分510可以形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。图6A为处于部分组装状态下的同轴电缆连接器110的示例性实施方式的剖面图。接触部分510并未形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。将耦接器200与主体500组装起来以向后的方式形成接触部分510，这种向后方式与如关于接触部分310所示向前方式相反。然而，正如接触部分310那样，接触部分510的材料具有一定弹性/塑性特性，当接触部分510形成时，这种特性使得接触部分510将压靠于耦接器200的轮廓且维持与耦接器200的机械接触和电接触。以与先前关于接触部分310所述的相同的方式，无论同轴电缆连接器100至端子的耦接的紧密程度或充分性性如何，并且无论端子上同轴电缆连接器100的紧密程度如何，接触部分510都会提供从同轴电缆的外部导体至端子的电连续性。另外或替代地，接触部分310可被悬臂支撑或附接在区段的仅一末端处。
图7为包括整体销805以及导电部件400的同轴电缆连接器111的示例性实施方式的剖面图。耦接器200围绕主体500而非支柱旋转，支柱不存在于同轴电缆连接器111中。接触部分410示为突起且可与导电部件400整合及成为整体，且自导电部件400径向突出，所述导电部件400压入配合至主体500中。接触部分410可为导电部件400的成套部分。由此，接触部分410可与导电部件400或导电部件400的一部分一起来由整块材料构造。正如接触部分310那样，接触部分410的材料具有一定弹性/塑性特性，在接触部分410形成时，这种特性使得在如前文所述将主体500与耦接器200组装起来的情况下，当导电部件400插入耦接器200时，接触部分410将压靠于耦接器200的轮廓且维持与耦接器200的机械接触和电接触。
图8为包括整体销805以及保持环402的同轴电缆连接器111的另一示例性实施方式的剖面图。耦接器200围绕主体500而非支柱转动。接触部分410可与保持环402整合且从保持环402径向突出，保持环402配合至主体500中形成的凹槽中。接触部分410可为保持环402的成套部分。由此，接触部分410可与保持环402或保持环的一部分一起来由整块材料构造。就此而言，图8A示出保持环402的正视图和侧视图。在图8A中，接触部分410示为与保持环402整合且从保持环402径向突出的三个突起。如上所述，接触部分410的材料具有一定弹性/塑性特性，在接触部分410形成时，这种特性使得在如前文所述将主体500与耦接器200组装起来的情况下，当保持环402插入耦接器200中时，接触部分410将压靠于耦接器200的轮廓且维持与耦接器200的机械接触和电接触。
对于本领域的技术人员将会显而易见的是，图6至图8A所示接触部分410可与主体500整合或附接至另一部件400、402，或成为另一部件400、402的部分。另外，接触部分410可具有或可为任何形状，包括可与主体500的其他部分和/或另一部件400、402齐平或对齐的形状，或接触部分410可具有任何数目的配置(作为非限制性实例，在从完整圆形至多拐角的几何形状的范围内的配置)。
图9为同轴电缆连接器112的实施方式的剖面图，同轴电缆连接器112为无支柱的压缩型连接器。换句话说，同轴电缆连接器112具有无支柱的配置。耦接器200围绕主体500而非支柱旋转。主体500包括接触部分510。接触部分510与主体500成整体。由此，接触部分510可与主体500或主体500的部分一起来由整块材料构造。当将耦接器200与主体500组装时，接触部分510形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。
图10为同轴电缆连接器113的实施方式的剖面图，同轴电缆连接器113为六角压接型连接器。同轴电缆连接器113包括耦接器200、支柱300以及主体500，支柱300具有接触部分310。接触部分310与支柱300整合且成整体。接触部分310可与支柱300成套。由此，接触部分310可与支柱300或支柱300的一部分一起来由整块材料构造。接触部分310在耦接器200与主体500以及支柱300组装时形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。同轴电缆连接器113借助行业中已知的利用一或多种工具径向压缩主体500的手段附接至同轴电缆。
图11为图2的同轴电缆连接器100的支柱300的等距示意图，接触部分310形成为符合于耦接器的轮廓(未示出)的姿态。
图12为图2的连接器100的支柱300以及耦接器200的等距剖面图，该耦接器示为与支柱300组装起来。接触部分310形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。
图13为同轴电缆连接器114的实施方式的剖面图，所述同轴电缆连接器114包括支柱300以及具有接触部分210的耦接器200。接触部分210示为向内定向突起。接触部分210与耦接器200整合且成整体，并且在支柱300与耦接器200组装时形成为符合于支柱300的轮廓。接触部分210可与耦接器200成套。由此，接触部分210可与耦接器200或耦接器200的部分一起来由整块材料构造。无论同轴电缆连接器114至端子的耦接的紧密程度或充分性如何，并且无论端子上同轴电缆连接器114的紧密程度如何，接触部分210都会提供从同轴电缆的外部导体至端子的电连续性。接触部分210可具有或可为任何形状，包括可与耦接器200的其他部分齐平或对齐的形状，或接触部分210可具有和/或形成为任何数目的配置，(作为非限制性实例，从完整圆形至多拐角的几何形状的范围内的配置)。
图14、图15及图16为具有支柱的同轴电缆连接器115的实施方式的剖面图，所述支柱与上文所述包括接触部分310的支柱300类似，使得接触部分310示为向外径向突出，接触部分310在耦接器200的不同位置处形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。另外，例如，如图15和图16所示，接触部分310可接触唇部215后方的耦接器200，例如，如图15所示，耦接器200可以位于唇部215的向后表面217处。
图17为同轴电缆连接器116的实施方式的剖面图，所述同轴电缆连接器116具有包括接触部分310的主体500，其中接触部分310示为从主体500向外定向的突起，所述突起形成为符合于耦接器200。
图18为同轴电缆连接器117的实施方式的剖面图，所述同轴电缆连接器117具有带有整合接触部分310的支柱300以及带有切口231的耦接器200。接触部分310示为在切口231位置处形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓的突起。图18A为图18所示同轴电缆连接器117的剖面图，所制备的同轴电缆插入到同轴电缆连接器117中。主体500以及支柱300接收同轴电缆(图18A)。在后端395处，支柱300插入同轴电缆的外部导体与介电层之间。
图19为同轴电缆连接器118的实施方式的局部剖面图，所述同轴电缆连接器118具有包括整体接触部分310的支柱301。可移动支柱301示为处于向前位置，其中接触部分310未按耦接器200的轮廓形成。图20为图19所示同轴电缆连接器118的局部剖面图，其中支柱301处于向后位置，并且接触部分310形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。
现在参考图21，示出同轴电缆连接器110的示例性实施方式，所述同轴电缆连接器110被配置成接受同轴电缆，并且包括整体销805。同轴电缆连接器110具有围绕主体500'旋转的耦接器200、以及保持器901。同轴电缆连接器110可以包括支柱300'、O型环800、绝缘构件960、壳体600以及可变形的抓紧构件700。O型环800可由橡胶类的材料(诸如EPDM(乙烯-丙烯三共聚物))制造。主体500'具有前端505'、后端595'以及中央通道525'，并且主体500'可由金属(诸如黄铜)制造且镀有导电、防腐蚀材料(诸如镍)。绝缘构件960包括前端962、后端964以及前后端之间的开口966，并且绝缘构件960可由绝缘塑料材料(诸如高密度聚乙烯或缩醛)制造。绝缘构件960的后端964的至少一部分与支柱300'的至少一部分接触。支柱300'包括前端305'和后端395'，并且支柱300'可由金属(诸如黄铜)制造且可镀有导电、防腐蚀材料(诸如锡)。可变形的抓紧构件700可安置于壳体600的纵向开口中，并且抓紧构件700可由绝缘塑料材料(诸如高密度聚乙烯或缩醛)制造。销805具有前端810、后端812以及在销805的后端812处的张开部分814，张开部分814帮助引导同轴电缆的内部导体与销805物理且电接触。销805插入绝缘构件960的开口966中，并基本沿绝缘构件960的开口966，而且销805可由金属材料(诸如黄铜)制造且可镀有导电、防腐蚀材料(诸如锡)。销805和绝缘构件960可一起相对于主体500'和支柱300'来旋转。
现还参考图22及图21，保持器901可为管状，并且包括前端905、后端920以及接触部分910。接触部分910可呈从保持器901延伸的突起形式。接触部分910可以(但非必须)径向突出。接触部分可与保持器901整合且成整体。就此而言，接触部分910可为保持器901的成套部分。由此，接触部分910可与保持器901一起来由整块材料构造。保持器901可由金属(诸如黄铜)制成且镀有导电材料(诸如锡)。保持器901还可包括放大肩部940、凸缘943、套环部分945以及通孔925。如图22至图25所示，当将保持器901与主体500组装起来时，接触部分910可以形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。
继续参考图22，图22示出同轴电缆连接器110的剖面图，所述同轴电缆连接器110与主体500'部分组装，但与保持器901分开，所述主体500'与耦接器200接合。换句话说，在图22中，保持器901示为未插入耦接器200中。由于保持器901未插入耦接器200中，因此接触部分910尚未形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。然而，接触部分910可适于形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。
图23示出比图22所示更进一步的部分组装状态下的同轴电缆连接器110，其中保持器901部分插入到耦接器200中。在图23中，接触部分910示为开始形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓。将保持器901与耦接器200和主体500'组装起来(相继如图24和图25所示)以一方式继续形成接触部分910，这个方式与上文所述具有带有接触部分310的支柱的实施方式类似。正如接触部分310那样，接触部分910的材料具有一定弹性/塑性特性，当接触部分910形成时，这种特性使得接触部分910可压靠于耦接器200的轮廓或偏置朝耦接器200的轮廓，并且由此接触部分910可维持与耦接器200的机械接触和电接触。以此方式，无论同轴电缆连接器110至端子的耦接的紧密程度或充分性如何，并且无论端子上同轴电缆连接器110的紧密程度如何，接触部分910都会以与上文关于接触部分310所述的相同方式来提供通过自身以及耦接器200和主体500'从同轴电缆的外部导体至端子的电连续性。换句话说，可以通过耦接器200、支柱300'、主体500'以及保持器901而非通过使用脱离或独立于耦接器200、支柱300'、主体500'以及保持器901的部件来建立电连续性，以便提供RF屏蔽，使得无论连接器至端子的耦接的紧密程度如何，都会维持通过同轴电缆连接器110传输的电信号的完整性。维持电连续性并且由此维持稳定接地路径防止不期望或寄生RF信号进入，所述RF信号会使器具性能降级。以此方式，就可维持通过同轴电缆连接器110传输的电信号的完整性。此情况在同轴电缆连接器110因在初始安装时未拧紧或安装后变得松动而未完全拧紧至设备连接端口时尤其适用。接触部分910可被悬臂支撑和/或在接触部分910的区段的仅一末端处附接至保持器910。
现在参考图24，同轴电缆连接器110示为处于比图23所示更进一步的部分组装状态，其中保持器901完全插入到耦接器200中，并且压入配合到主体500中。在图24中，保持器901的后端920未张开。换句话说，保持器901示为处于未张开的状态。接触部分910示为形成为符合于耦接器200的轮廓且在耦接器200的轮廓内。
图25为处于比图24所示更进一步的部分组装状态下的同轴电缆连接器110。在图24中，除了保持器901完全插入到耦接器200内且与主体500'压入配合之外，保持器901的后端920示为在主体500'的轮廓559内张开。换句话说，保持器901示为处于张开状态。后端920的张开将保持器901固定在主体500'内。对于本领域的技术人员将会显而易见的是，如图21至图25所示接触部分910可与保持器901整合，或附接至另一部件或成为另一部件的部分。另外，接触部分910可具有或可为任何形状，包括可与主体500'的其他部分和/或另一部件齐平或对齐的形状，或接触部分910可具有任何数目的配置(作为非限制性实例，在从完整圆形至多拐角的几何形状的范围内的配置)。
就此而言，图26示出具有前端105、后端195、耦接器200、支柱300、主体500、压缩环600以及抓紧构件700的同轴电缆连接器119。耦接器200适于将同轴电缆连接器119耦接至端子，所述端子包括设备连接端口。主体500与耦接器200以及支柱300组装起来。支柱300适于接收同轴电缆末端。耦接器200包括前端205、后端295、中央通道210、唇部215、通孔220、孔230以及孔235。耦接器200可由金属(诸如黄铜)制造且镀有导电材料(诸如镍)。支柱300包括前端305、后端395、接触部分310、放大肩部340、套环部分320、通孔325、向后环状表面330、肩部345以及邻近后端395的带倒钩的部分335。支柱300可由金属(诸如黄铜)制造且镀有导电材料(诸如锡)。接触部分310可与支柱300整合且成整体。接触部分310提供稳定接地路径并且防止RF信号进出。主体500包括前端505、后端595以及中央通道525。主体500可由金属(诸如黄铜)制造且镀有导电材料(诸如镍)。壳体600包括前端605、后端695以及中央通道625。壳体600可由金属(诸如黄铜)制造且镀有导电材料(诸如镍)。抓紧构件700包括前端705、后端795以及中央通道725。抓紧构件700可由聚合物材料(诸如缩醛)制造。
尽管图26中的同轴电缆连接器119为具有支柱300的轴向压缩型同轴连接器，但是接触部分310可并入有任何类型的同轴电缆连接器。同轴电缆连接器119示出处于未附接、非压缩状态，同轴电缆未插入同轴电缆连接器119中。同轴电缆连接器119将同轴电缆的所制备的末端耦接至带螺纹母设备连接端口(未在图26中示出)。同轴电缆连接器119具有第一末端105和第二末端195。壳体600在主体500的后端595处可滑动地附接至同轴电缆连接器119。耦接器200在后端295处附接至同轴电缆连接器119。耦接器200可旋转地附接至支柱300的前端305，同时借助压入配合来与主体300接合。接触部分310与支柱300为整体构造，其由整块材料与支柱300以整体方式一起成形或构造。支柱300可旋转地接合耦接器200的中央通道210与唇部215。以此方式，接触部分310在支柱300、耦接器200与主体500之间提供导电路径。这实现了从同轴电缆通过同轴电缆连接器119至设备连接端口的导电路径，以提供电接地且提供对RF进入的屏蔽。消除如图1之连接器1000所示单独连续性构件4000通过消除部件之间的机械接口和电接口来改进DC接触电阻，并且通过移除由具有较高电阻特性的材料制造成的部件而进一步改进DC接触电阻。
放大肩部340在前端305处延伸至耦接器200内。放大肩部340包括凸缘312、接触部分310、套环部分320、向后环状表面330以及肩部345。套环部分320借助于与耦接器200的通孔220间隙配合来允许耦接器200旋转。向后环状表面330借助于与唇部215的接合来限制耦接器200的向前轴向运动。接触部分310接触在唇部215前方的耦接器200。通过在组装同轴电缆连接器119部件后利用耦接器200形成接触部分310，接触部分310可形成为与耦接器200可接触地配合。以此方式，接触部分310固定在同轴电缆连接器119内且建立与耦接器200的机械接触和电接触，并且由此建立支柱300与耦接器200之间的导电路径。此外，无论器具设备连接端口上同轴电缆连接器119的紧密程度如何，接触部分310都会保持与耦接器200的接触配合(换句话说，机械接触和电接触)。以此方式，即便在同轴电缆连接器119松动和/或与器具设备连接端口分离时，接触部分310仍与支柱300与耦接器200之间建立的导电路径整合。支柱300具有前端305和后端395。后端395适于延伸到同轴电缆中。在后端395附近位置处，支柱300具有从管状支柱300向外径向延伸的带倒钩的部分335。
图27和图28示出两条路径900、902。在图27中，同轴电缆连接器119包括用以增加经由路径900、902的RF进入或离开的衰减的结构。RF泄漏可经由在主体500处穿过耦接器200后端295且在唇部215与支柱300之间的路径900发生。然而，如图29所示，台阶235和肩部345与接触部分310和凸缘312一起形成沿路径900的迂回路径。耦接器200和支柱300的结构隔绝或实质上减少沿路径900的潜在RF泄漏路径，由此增加RF进入或离开信号而定衰减。以此方式，耦接器200和支柱500提供RF屏蔽，使得同轴电缆连接器119外部的RF信号衰减，这样使得无论连接器至设备连接端口904的耦接的紧密程度如何，都会维持通过同轴电缆连接器119传输的电信号的完整性。
在图28中，示出同轴电缆连接器110，并且同轴电缆连接器110以与同轴电缆连接器119类似的方式构建以增加经由路径900、902的RF进入或离开的衰减。代替支柱300，图28示出具有套环部分945和肩部940的保持器901、以及接触部分910和凸缘943，以上各项形成沿路径900的迂回路径。耦接器200和支柱300的结构隔绝或实质上减少沿路径900的潜在RF泄漏路径，由此增强RF进入或离开信号的衰减。以此方式，耦接器200和保持器901提供RF屏蔽，使得同轴电缆连接器110外部的RF信号衰减，这样使得无论连接器至端子904的耦接的紧密程度如何，都会维持通过同轴电缆连接器110传输的电信号的完整性。
再次参考图27和图28，经由路径902的RF泄漏可能是沿耦接器200的螺纹部分至设备连接端口904。当同轴电缆连接器110、119处于动态状态(诸如在振动或其他类型的外部诱发运动期间)时尤其如此。在这些状况下，当耦接器200的螺纹204和设备连接端口904的螺纹906变为同轴对齐以减少或消除耦接器200与设备连接端口904之间的物理接触时，可能失去电接地且开放RF进入路径。通过修改耦接器200螺纹204形式，就可减轻耦接器200与设备连接端口904失去接地接触且经由路径902开放RF进入路径的趋势，由此增加RF进入或离开信号的衰减。
耦接器200的螺纹204的结构可涉及到以下方面(包括但不限于)：螺纹节径、螺纹外径、螺纹内径、螺距角“θ”、螺距深度、以及螺纹顶宽度和螺纹根部半径。通常，耦接器200的螺纹204的螺距角“θ”被设计成尽可能与设备连接端口904的螺纹906的螺距角“”匹配。如图30所示，螺距角“θ”可与螺距角“”不同，以减小耦接器200的螺纹204与设备连接端口904的螺纹906之间的接口间隙。以此方式，耦接器200的螺纹部分在接触设备连接端口904的螺纹部分而隔绝或实质上减少沿路径902的潜在RF泄漏路径前，横穿较短距离。通常，设备连接端口904的螺纹906角度“”设为60度。作为非限制性实例，代替将耦接器200设为具有角度为“θ”的螺纹204，角度“θ”可设为约62度，所述角度可以提供如以上所述的减小的接口间隙。以此方式，耦接器200和支柱500提供RF屏蔽，使得同轴电缆连接器110、119外部的RF信号衰减，这样使得无论连接器至设备连接端口904的耦接的紧密程度如何，都会维持通过同轴电缆连接器110、119传输的电信号的完整性。
通常，按以分贝(“dB”)表示的信号损失的量来测量RF信号泄漏。因此，“dB”与RF屏蔽如何有效衰减RF信号相关。以此方式，可以确定进入同轴电缆连接器110、119或离开同轴电缆连接器110、119d的号，并且由此确定同轴电缆连接器110、119衰减同轴电缆连接器110、119外部的RF信号的RF屏蔽能力。因此，“dB”值越低，衰减越有效。作为实例，-20dB的RF屏蔽测量结果将指示与传输源处相比，RF屏蔽使RF信号衰减了20dB。出于本文目的，同轴电缆连接器110、119外部的RF信号包括进入同轴电缆连接器119的RF信号或离开同轴电缆连接器110、119的RF信号中的任一者或两者。
现在参考图31，示出在0兆赫至1000兆赫(“MHz”)范围内的同轴电缆连接器119的以“dB”计的可比较RF屏蔽有效性。耦接器200经由手指拧紧到设备连接端口904上，并且随后拧松完整两匝。如图30所示，同轴电缆连接器119就所有频率测试的RF屏蔽(以“dB”计)指示RF信号衰减大于50dB。
另外，RF信号屏蔽有效性可以通过测量同轴电缆连接器的转移阻抗确定。转移阻抗为RF屏蔽的次级侧上出现的纵向电压与RF屏蔽中流动电流的比率。如果点泄漏源的屏蔽有效性已知，则可使用以下计算过程计算等效的转移阻抗值：
SE＝20logZ总-45.76(dB)
因此，使用这种计算，同轴电缆连接器119的平均等效转移阻抗为约0.24欧姆。
如上所述，电连续性应意味着从同轴电缆的外部导体至设备端口的小于约3000毫欧姆的DC接触电阻。除了通过隔绝或减少经由路径900、902的RF泄漏来增加RF信号的衰减之外，可实质上减小DC接触电阻。作为非限制性实例，DC接触电阻可小于约100毫欧姆，诸如小于50毫欧姆，并且另外诸如小于30毫欧姆，且进一步诸如小于10毫欧姆。
受益于先前描述以及相关联的附图所呈现的教示的实施方式所属领域的技术人员将想出本文中阐述的许多修改型式以及其他实施方式。因此，应当理解，说明书和权利要求书不限于所公开的具体实施方式，并且修改型式以及其他实施方式旨在将包括于随附权利要求书的范围内。
预期的是，只要实施方式的修改和变化是在随附权利要求书及其等效物的范围内，实施方式就会涵盖实施方式的修改和变化。尽管在本文中采用的是特定术语，但是这些术语仅以一般且描述性意义使用，且非用于限制目的。

Claims (24)

1.一种用于将同轴电缆的末端耦接至端子的同轴电缆连接器，所述同轴电缆包括内部导体、环绕所述内部导体的电介质、环绕所述电介质的外部导体以及环绕所述外部导体的护套，所述连接器包括：
耦接器，所述耦接器适于将所述连接器耦接至所述端子；
主体，所述主体与所述耦接器组装起来；以及
支柱，所述支柱与所述耦接器以及所述主体组装起来，其中所述支柱适于接收同轴电缆末端，并且
其中电连续性通过所述耦接器和所述支柱而非通过使用与所述耦接器、所述支柱以及所述主体脱离的部件来建立，以便提供RF屏蔽，使得无论所述连接器与所述端子的所述耦接的紧密程度如何，通过同轴电缆连接器传输的电信号的完整性都得以维持。
2.根据权利要求1所述的同轴电缆连接器，所述同轴电缆连接器进一步包括保持器，并且其中电连续性通过所述耦接器、所述支柱以及所述保持器而非通过使用与所述耦接器、所述支柱、所述主体以及所述保持器脱离的部件建立，无论所述连接器与所述端子的所述耦接的紧密程度如何，通过同轴电缆连接器传输的电信号的完整性都得以维持。
3.根据权利要求1和2中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述RF遮蔽使得寄生RF信号在至多约1000MHz的范围内衰减至少约50dB。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，从所述同轴电缆的所述外部导体经由所述连接器到所述端子测量到的转移阻抗平均小于约0.24欧姆。
5.根据权利要求3和4中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述RF信号包括进入所述连接器的RF信号。
6.根据权利要求3至5中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述RF信号包括离开所述连接器的RF信号。
7.根据权利要求2至6中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述耦接器包括：
台阶；以及
唇部，
并且其中所述支柱和所述保持器中的一个包括凸缘、接触部分以及肩部。
8.根据权利要求7所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，第一迂回路径通过所述台阶、所述唇部、所述凸缘、所述接触部分以及所述肩部中的至少一个建立，并且其中所述第一迂回路径使得所述RF信号衰减。
9.根据权利要求7和8中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述接触部分是与所述支柱和所述保持器中的一个的至少一部分整合并成整体。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述端子包括设备连接端口，并且其中所述耦接器包括适于与所述设备连接端口的螺纹部分连接的螺纹部分，并且其中所述耦接器上至少一个螺纹具有不同于所述设备连接端口的至少一个螺纹的螺距角的螺距角。
11.根据权利要求10所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述耦接器的所述螺纹的所述螺距角与所述设备连接端口的所述螺纹的所述螺距角相差约2度。
12.根据权利要求10和11中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述耦接器的所述螺纹的所述螺距角为约62度，并且所述设备连接端口的所述螺纹的所述螺距角为约60度。
13.根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述耦接器的所述螺纹部分与所述设备连接端口的所述螺纹部分建立第二迂回路径，并且其中所述第二迂回路径使得所述连接器外部的RF信号衰减。
14.一种用于将同轴电缆的末端耦接至设备连接端口的同轴电缆连接器，所述同轴电缆包括内部导体、环绕所述内部导体的电介质、环绕所述电介质的外部导体以及环绕所述外部导体的护套，所述连接器包括：
耦接器，所述耦接器适于将所述连接器耦接至所述设备连接端口；
主体，所述主体与所述耦接器组装起来；以及
支柱，所述支柱与所述耦接器以及所述主体组装起来，其中所述支柱适于接收同轴电缆末端；以及
保持器，所述保持器与所述耦接器以及所述主体组装起来，并且其中所述保持器包括整体接触部分，并且其中所述接触部分是与所述保持器成整体，并且
其中当组装时，所述耦接器和所述保持器提供至少一条迂回路径，从而形成RF屏蔽，使得寄生RF信号衰减，这样使得无论所述连接器与所述端子的所述耦接的紧密程度如何，通过同轴电缆连接器传输的电信号的完整性都得以维持。
15.根据权利要求14所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，RF信号包括进入所述连接器的RF信号和离开所述连接器的RF信号中的至少一个。
16.根据权利要求14和15中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述RF信号在至多约1000MHz的范围内衰减至少约50dB。
17.根据权利要求14至16中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，转移阻抗平均为约0.24欧姆。
18.根据权利要求14至17中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述至少一条迂回路径包括第一迂回路径和第二迂回路径。
19.根据权利要求18所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述耦接器包括唇部和台阶，并且所述保持器包括凸缘和肩部，并且其中所述第一迂回路径是由所述台阶、所述唇部、所述凸缘、所述接触部分以及所述肩部中的至少一个建立。
20.根据权利要求18所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述端子包括设备连接端口，并且其中所述耦接器包括适于与所述设备连接端口的螺纹部分连接的螺纹部分，并且其中所述耦接器的所述螺纹部分与所述设备连接端口的所述螺纹部分建立第二迂回路径。
21.根据权利要求20所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述耦接器上至少一个螺纹具有不同于所述设备连接端口的至少一个螺纹的螺距角的螺距角。
22.一种用于将同轴电缆的末端耦接至设备连接端口的同轴电缆连接器，所述同轴电缆包括内部导体、环绕所述内部导体的电介质、环绕所述电介质的外部导体以及环绕所述外部导体的护套，所述连接器包括：
耦接器，所述耦接器适于将所述连接器耦接至所述设备连接端口，其中所述耦接器具有台阶，并且其中所述耦接器包括适于与所述设备连接端口的螺纹部分连接的螺纹部分，并且其中所述耦接器上至少一个螺纹具有不同于所述设备连接端口的至少一个螺纹的螺距角的螺距角；
主体，所述主体与所述耦接器组装起来；
保持器，所述保持器与所述耦接器以及所述主体组装起来，并且其中所述保持器包括后端以及接触部分，并且其中所述保持器适于接收同轴电缆的末端，并且其中所述接触部分是与所述支柱和所述保持器中的一个的至少一部分整合并成整体，并且
其中第一迂回路径是由台阶、所述凸缘、所述接触部分以及所述肩部建立，并且其中第二迂回路径是由所述耦接器的所述螺纹部分与所述设备连接端口的所述螺纹部分建立，并且其中所述第一迂回路径和所述第二迂回路径对所组装的同轴电缆连接器提供RF屏蔽，使得所述同轴电缆连接器外部的RF信号在至多约1000MHz的范围内衰减至少约50dB，并且其中转移阻抗平均为约0.24欧姆，并且其中无论所述连接器与所述设备连接端口的所述耦接的紧密程度如何，通过同轴电缆连接器传输的电信号的完整性都得以维持。
23.根据权利要求22所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述耦接器的所述螺纹的所述螺距角与所述设备连接端口的所述螺纹的所述螺距角相差约2度。
24.根据权利要求22和23中任一项所述的同轴电缆连接器，其特征在于，所述耦接器的所述螺纹的所述螺距角为约62度，并且所述设备连接端口的所述螺纹的所述螺距角为约60度。
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US20140273620A1 (en) 2014-09-18
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