CN105321531A - 用于能量辅助磁记录的干涉近场换能器 - Google Patents

用于能量辅助磁记录的干涉近场换能器 Download PDF

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CN105321531A
CN105321531A CN201510315652.9A CN201510315652A CN105321531A CN 105321531 A CN105321531 A CN 105321531A CN 201510315652 A CN201510315652 A CN 201510315652A CN 105321531 A CN105321531 A CN 105321531A
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pspp
waveguide core
equipment according
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CN105321531B (zh
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J·曹
M·V·莫雷利
B·V·约翰逊
M·R·吉本斯
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Western Digital Technologies Inc
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Western Digital Fremont LLC
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/12Heads, e.g. forming of the optical beam spot or modulation of the optical beam
    • G11B7/135Means for guiding the beam from the source to the record carrier or from the record carrier to the detector
    • G11B7/1387Means for guiding the beam from the source to the record carrier or from the record carrier to the detector using the near-field effect
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/127Structure or manufacture of heads, e.g. inductive
    • G11B5/31Structure or manufacture of heads, e.g. inductive using thin films
    • G11B5/3109Details
    • G11B5/313Disposition of layers
    • G11B5/3133Disposition of layers including layers not usually being a part of the electromagnetic transducer structure and providing additional features, e.g. for improving heat radiation, reduction of power dissipation, adaptations for measurement or indication of gap depth or other properties of the structure
    • G11B5/314Disposition of layers including layers not usually being a part of the electromagnetic transducer structure and providing additional features, e.g. for improving heat radiation, reduction of power dissipation, adaptations for measurement or indication of gap depth or other properties of the structure where the layers are extra layers normally not provided in the transducing structure, e.g. optical layers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B11/00Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B11/10Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor using recording by magnetic means or other means for magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier, e.g. light induced spin magnetisation; Demagnetisation by thermal or stress means in the presence or not of an orienting magnetic field
    • G11B11/105Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor using recording by magnetic means or other means for magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier, e.g. light induced spin magnetisation; Demagnetisation by thermal or stress means in the presence or not of an orienting magnetic field using a beam of light or a magnetic field for recording by change of magnetisation and a beam of light for reproducing, i.e. magneto-optical, e.g. light-induced thermomagnetic recording, spin magnetisation recording, Kerr or Faraday effect reproducing
    • G11B11/10532Heads
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/48Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed
    • G11B5/58Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the head relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
    • G11B5/60Fluid-dynamic spacing of heads from record-carriers
    • G11B5/6005Specially adapted for spacing from a rotating disc using a fluid cushion
    • G11B5/6088Optical waveguide in or on flying head
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B2005/0002Special dispositions or recording techniques
    • G11B2005/0005Arrangements, methods or circuits
    • G11B2005/0021Thermally assisted recording using an auxiliary energy source for heating the recording layer locally to assist the magnetization reversal

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于存储盘的能量辅助磁记录的设备,该设备包括:多个介电波导芯,其被配置为从能量源接收入射光能并将该入射光能引导到目标;以及在磁记录装置的空气支承面处形成的近场换能器(NFT)。NFT被配置为聚焦从多个波导芯接收的光能并将聚焦的光能传送到存储盘表面上以在存储盘上生成加热点。该NFT包括被配置为等离子金属脊的多个传播表面等离子体极化激元(PSPP)元件。每个PSPP元件具有约等于加热点宽度的宽度并纵向对准布置在单波导芯的表面上方。

Description

用于能量辅助磁记录的干涉近场换能器
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2014年6月10日提交的美国临时专利申请第62/010,038号的权益,该申请的全部内容通过引用明确合并于此。
背景技术
高密度存储盘被配置有为存储提供所需数据稳定性的多层材料。当向磁盘写入时,介质的磁特性需要软化以改变比特/位(bit)状态。能量辅助磁记录(EAMR)装置或热辅助磁记录(HAMR)技术提供当在磁存储盘上写入时聚焦在纳米大小的位区域上的热量,这实现磁软化。光波导引导光从激光二极管到近场换能器(NFT)。NFT将在写入操作期间加热磁存储盘的光能量聚焦至目标记录区域上的小点。NFT的低效率可能对激光二极管的功率分配和EAMR/HAMR系统的使用寿命有负面影响。较高的NFT效率允许较低的激光器功率需求,减轻EAMR/HAMR系统对激光源的总体光学功率的需求,并引起EAMR/HAMR磁头的寄生加热的较低功率,从而产生改进的可靠性。
附图说明
现在将参考附图通过举例的方式而非限制的方式在具体实施例中展示本发明的各方面,在附图中:
图1示出示例性硬盘驱动器的示意图;
图2示出通过两个传播表面等离子体极化激元(polariton)元件形成的近场换能器的示例性实施例的示意图;
图3示出具有两个传播表面等离子体极化激元元件和等离子金属帽的近场换能器的示例性实施例的示意图。
图4示出使用三个传播表面等离子体极化激元元件形成的近场换能器的示例性实施例的示意图;以及
图5示出使用多个传播表面等离子体极化激元元件形成的近场换能器的示例性实施例的示意图,其中所述多个传播表面等离子体极化激元元件在数量上与多个对应的波导芯不相等。
具体实施方式
在下面关于附图阐述的详细描述旨在作为各种示例性实施例的描述,并且不旨在代表可实践的唯一实施例。详细描述包括用于提供实施例的透彻理解的具体细节。然而,对本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下实践实施例。在一些实例中,众所周知的结构和部件以框图形式示出以便避免混淆实施例的概念。缩写词和其他描述性术语可以仅为了方便和清晰而使用,并且不旨在限制实施例的范围。
在附图中示出的各种示例性实施例可以不按比例绘制。相反,为清晰起见,各种特征的尺寸可能被放大或缩小。另外,为清晰起见,某些附图可能被简化。因此,附图可以不描绘给定设备的所有部件。
将在本文中参考附图描述各种实施例,附图是理想化配置的示意性图示。就此而言,例如由于制造技术和/或公差引起的图示形状的变化是可以预期的。因此,在整个公开中所展示的不同实施例不应被解释为局限于在本文中示出和描述的元件的具体形状,而是包括例如由制造所产生的形状偏差。举例来说,图示或描述为在其边缘处具有圆形或弯曲特征的元件可以改为具有直边缘。因此,在附图中示出的元件实质上是示意性的,并且它们的形状并非旨在说明元件的精确形状,并且不旨在限制所描述实施例的范围。
词语“示例性”在本文中用来意指用作示例、实例或图示。在本文中描述为“示例性”的任何实施例不必解释为是优选的或优于其他实施例。同样,设备或方法的术语“实施例”不要求所有的实施例都包括所描述的部件、结构、特征、功能、过程、优点、益处或操作模式。
如本文中所用,在数值之前的术语“约/大约”意指在所提供数值的工程容差内。
在以下具体实施方式中,将在用于在磁存储盘上进行热辅助磁记录的波导与近场换能器之间的分界面的背景下展示本发明的各方面。
图1示出硬盘驱动器111,其包括磁盘驱动器基座114、至少一个可旋转存储盘113(例如,磁盘、磁光盘)以及附接到基座114用于使磁盘113旋转的主轴电机116。主轴电机116通常包括旋转轮毂(hub)、附接于该轮毂的磁体以及定子,一个或多个磁盘113可以安装并夹紧在该轮毂上。至少一个悬臂108支撑至少一个磁头万向节组件(HGA)112,该HGA保持滑块以及写入器读出器磁头的磁头组件。斜坡组件100被固定到基座114,并提供用于当HGA112停放时(即当写入器和读取器磁头空闲时)悬臂108的尖端所搁置的表面。在磁盘驱动器111的记录操作期间,悬臂108在枢轴117处旋转,从而脱离斜坡组件100,并将HGA112的位置移到正在旋转的存储盘113上的预期信息磁道上。在记录期间,滑块由HGA112通过面向正在旋转的存储盘113的滑块的空气支承面来悬浮,从而允许写入器磁头在磁性上改变存储位的状态。对于热辅助磁记录,在空气支承面上的近场换能器(NFT)可以耦合来自波导的光能,以在正在旋转的存储盘113上产生加热点,从而在磁性上软化位空间。
图2示出NFT200的示例性实施例的示意图,其中NFT200被布置在承载磁头组件的滑块的空气支承面(ABS)210处。ABS210是面向存储盘113的滑块表面。当滑块在存储盘113上方飞越时,气垫维持在滑块与磁盘113之间。如图所示,两个介电波导(WG)芯211、212被布置为分别携带光能到朝向共同目标的NFT200。光能可以通过可由分光器(未示出)分成两半的普通激光二极管光源(未示出)生成。为了相长干涉和到存储盘113的最大能量发射,介电波导芯211、212可以具有相等的长度以确保在ABS210处的组合能量波基本上处于相位对准。另选地,介电波导芯211、212可以具有不相等的长度,使得入射能量波可以在ABS210处具有优化相长干涉和最大能量幅值的特别相位差。两个波导芯211、212是基本线性的,并且以在0度与180度之间(例如,如图2所示约90度)的内角会聚于接近ABS210的接头/接合处(junction)。波导芯211、212的介电材料可以是例如Ta2O5
如图2所示,等离子体金属脊元件201、202可以在沿着波导芯表面的中心的纵向方向上布置在每个波导芯211、212上面。来自接近等离子体金属脊元件201、202的介电波导芯211、212的光能向沿着等离子体金属脊元201、202的表面朝向ABS210的传播表面等离子体极化激元(PSPP)赋能。因此,每个等离子体金属脊元件201、202可以起到PSPP元件的作用。等离子体金属脊元件201、202的材料可以是例如金合金。可以用于形成金属脊元件201、202的等离子体金属的其他示例包括银或铜合金。如截面图所示,在等离子体金属脊元件201、202与介电波导芯211、212之间可以存在间隙(例如,约20nm)。另选地,该间隙可以被省略,并且等离子体金属脊元件201、202或等离子体金属脊元件201、202的至少一部分可以直接接触介电波导芯211、212。两个介电波导芯211、212和包括两个等离子体金属脊元件201、202的整个NFT200可以用二氧化硅材料来密封。因此,等离子体金属脊元件201、202可以悬浮在波导敷层和/或滑块衬底材料内的介电波导芯211、212上方。
等离子体金属脊元件201、202可以如图2所示被配置为会聚在介电波导芯211、212的接头上面的接合处。等离子体金属脊元件201、202的接头可以出现在公共平面上,或者可以通过一个元件重叠在另一元件上面来形成。如图所示,单个金属脊延伸件203可以形成并配置为垂直于ABS210,并从等离子体金属脊元件201、202的接头延伸。这个延伸件203可以提供用于在ABS210处的NFT200能量输出的聚焦点,以便加热用于记录数据的目标位空间。例如,延伸件203的终点可以起到NFT200能量输出的发射器的作用。另选地,延伸件203可以被省略,并且等离子体金属脊元件201、202的接头可以在ABS210处形成。例如,NFT能量输出发射器可以通过在ABS210处的裸露金属脊接头在ABS210处形成,最大能量从该接头通过气垫传播并传播到存储盘113的表面上。发射器的物理尺寸(即,等离子体金属脊元件201、202或延伸件203的裸露接头的宽度)可以大致相当于在磁盘113表面上的聚焦加热点的大小。加热点的目标大小取决于滑块在磁道上面飞越时的磁道大小,其可以是例如约10-70nm宽。加热点的大小也取决于ABS210与磁盘113之间的距离。加热点的聚焦可以通过最小化所述间隙来优化。等离子体金属脊元件201、202的宽度也可以明显小于介电波导芯的宽度(例如,300-500nm)。此外,金属脊元件201、202的高度可以是例如约10-70nm。
与垂直于ABS210布置并由波导系统中的公用总输入功率驱动的单个PSPP元件的配置相比,如图2所示的两个PSPP元件配置可以提供约两倍的电场幅值。由两个PSPP元件201、202产生的相长干涉允许提高来自激光二极管源的能量输送效率,这转变为EAMR/HAMR装置的更长使用寿命。为了优化两个PSPP元件配置的效率,每个PSPP元件201、202被配置有长度L,该长度L是从介电波导芯到PSPP元件201、202的耦合长度Lc的整数倍(例如,对于1200nm的Lc,PSPP元件的长度应当是约a(1200nm),其中a是整数值)。由于PSPP元件201、202具有约等于aLc的长度L,确保了从最大能量传递从ABS210处的PSPP元件201、202传播。如果PSPP元件201、202的长度偏离aLc,至介电波导芯211、212的某些能量波可能会丢失。
NFT200不必局限于如图2所示的两个干涉PSPP元件201、202。在替代实施例中,N(正整数)个PSPP元件在ABS处干涉,在由波导系统中的公用总输入功率驱动时,该N个PSPP元件可以提供电场幅值的约N倍增加。N值可以增大超过2或3,直到在EAMR磁头的三维布局之内的其他寄生干涉变成极限因素。对于N≥3,PSPP元件可以被布置成三维构形。
图3示出作为NFT200的变体的NFT300的替代示例性布置,该布置带有额外的等离子体金属帽305。如图3所示,NFT300可以包括耦合于上述等离子体金属帽305的等离子体金属脊元件202、203。为了图示说明的目的,等离子体金属元件305被描绘成透明的以显示下面的细脊特征201、202。等离子体金属帽305被显示为带有与ABS210大致对准的直边缘的半圆形配置。等离子体金属帽305的对准边缘可以从ABS210凹进。等离子体金属脊元件201、202和等离子体金属帽305的材料可以是例如金合金。可以用于形成金属脊元件201、202和等离子体金属帽的等离子体金属的其他示例包括银或铜合金。两个介电波导芯211、212以及包括等离子体金属帽305和两个等离子体金属脊元件201、202的整个NFT200可以用二氧化硅材料来密封。
等离子体金属帽305的厚度不是实现精确的纳米大小的加热点的重要因素,因此,该厚度可以根据提供用于控制NFT300的峰值温度的充分热传递来构造。等离子体金属元件305配置通过与金属脊特征201、202耦合所需的形状和大小来确定(即,覆盖金属脊特征201、202的占位面积)。作为示例,半圆形等离子体金属元件305的大小可以具有1000nm的直径和大于100nm的厚度。等离子体金属帽305的表面可以被配置为具有面向金属脊特征以便耦合的大致平坦表面,而相反表面可以是平坦的、圆形的或不规则的,使得总厚度是可变的。虽然在图3中显示为半圆形,但等离子体金属帽305可以以不同于半圆形的形状构造,诸如矩形块或多边形块。
NFT300不必局限于如图3所示的两个干涉PSPP元件201、202。在替代实施例中,N(正整数)个PSPP元件在ABS处干涉,该N个PSPP元件可以提供电场幅值的约N倍增加。N值可以增达超过2或3,直到在EAMR磁头的三维布局之内的其他寄生干涉变成极限因素。对于N≥3,PSPP元件可以被布置成三维构形。等离子体金属帽305还可以符合从上面耦合N个PSPP元件的对应的三维构形。
图4示出具有N=3个PSPP元件的NFT400的替代示例性布置。每个PSPP元件以类似于上面关于如图4所示且如上所述的两个PSPP元件配置的方式形成。NFT400可以包括等离子体金属帽405和布置在每个相应介电波导芯411、412、413上面的等离子体金属脊元件401、402、403,如图4所示。出于图示说明的目的,等离子体金属元件405被描绘成透明是以显示下面的细脊特征401、402、403。每个等离子体金属脊元件401、402、403与相应的介电波导芯411、412、413之间可以存在间隙。三个介电波导芯411、412、413以及包括等离子体金属帽405和三个等离子体金属脊元件401、402、403的整个NFT400可以用二氧化硅材料来密封。等离子体金属脊元件401、402、403可以如图4所示被配置为会聚于在介电波导芯411、412、413的接头上面的接合处。等离子体金属脊件401、402、403的接头可以出现在公共平面上,或者可以通过一个元件重叠在另一元件上面来形成。如图所示,单个金属脊延伸件423可以形成和配置为垂直于ABS410,并从等离子体金属脊元件401、402、403的接头延伸。这个延伸件423可以提供在ABS410处的NFT能量输出的聚焦点,以便加热用于记录数据的目标位空间。另选地,延伸件423可以被省略,并且三个等离子体金属脊元件401、402、403的接头可以在ABS410处形成。例如,NFT能量输出发射器可以通过在ABS410处的裸露等离子体金属脊接头在ABS410处形成,最大能量从该发射器通过气垫传播并传播到存储盘113的表面上。发射器的物理尺寸(即,裸露等离子体金属脊元件接头或延伸件的宽度)可以大致等于在磁盘113的表面上的聚焦加热点的大小。NFT400的这个实施例可替代地配置为没有等离子金属帽405。
PSPP元件的数量可以相对于介电波导芯的数量而改变。图5示出一个示例,其中两个PSPP元件501A、501B可以并列布置在单个介电波导芯511上面。类似地,PSPP元件502A、502B可以并列布置在单个介电波导芯512上面。在这个示例中,通过五个干涉PSPP元件501A、501B、502A、502B、503同时仅使用三个介电波导芯511、512、513,NFT功率输送效率得以增加。如图5所示,NFT500可以包括布置在PSPP元件501A、501B、502A、502B和503上面的等离子金属帽505。NFT500的这个实施例可以替代地被配置为没有等离子金属帽505。
提供本公开的各方面以使本领域技术人员能够实践本发明。对贯穿本公开提出的示例性实施例的各种修改对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,并且在本文中公开的概念可扩展到其他装置。因此,权利要求不旨在被限于本公开的各方面,而是根据与权利要求的语言一致的全部范围。本领域技术人员已知或稍后得知的贯穿本公开描述的示例性实施例的各种部件的所有结构和功能等效物通过引用明确结合在本文中,并且旨在被权利要求涵盖。此外,在本文中公开的任何内容不旨在专属于公众,无论这种公开是否在权利要求中明白地引述。没有权利要求要素将要在35U.S.C.§112(f)的条款下解释,除非使用短语“用于...的装置”明确引述该要素,或者在方法权利要求的情况下使用短语“用于...的步骤”来引述该要素。

Claims (13)

1.一种用于存储盘的能量辅助磁记录的设备,所述设备包括:
多个介电波导芯,其被配置为从能量源接收入射光能并将所述入射光能引导至目标;以及
近场换能器,其在磁记录装置的空气支承面处形成,并被配置为聚焦从所述多个波导芯接收的光能并将所聚焦的光能传送到所述存储盘表面上,以在所述存储盘上生成加热点,所述近场换能器包括:
被配置为等离子金属脊的多个传播表面等离子体极化激元元件即PSPP元件;
其中每个所述PPSP元件与所述波导芯纵向对准布置在单个波导芯的表面上方;以及
其中每个所述PSPP元件被配置有与所述加热点的宽度大致相等的宽度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其还包括:
布置在PSPP元件上方并与所述PSPP元件耦合的等离子金属帽。
3.根据权利要求2所述的设备,其中所述等离子金属帽被配置有与所述空气支承面对准的直边缘。
4.根据权利要求2所述的设备,其中所述等离子帽被配置有足够用于散热器的厚度,以控制所述近场换能器的峰值温度。
5.根据权利要求2所述的设备,其中所述等离子帽被配置有可变厚度。
6.根据权利要求2所述的设备,其中所述等离子帽被配置有与所述PSPP元件耦合的平坦表面。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述多个PSPP元件中的每个PSPP元件与相应波导的对应表面之间存在间隙。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中每个所述PSPP元件是大致线性的并且包括第一端和第二端,其中所有PSPP元件的所述第一端在接近所述空气支承面的接合点处连接在一起,其中所述接头的至少一部分暴露在所述空气支承面上。
9.根据权利要求8所述的设备,其还包括PSPP元件延伸件,所述PSPP元件延伸件被配置为与从PSPP元件的所述接头延伸的所述空气支承面垂直。
10.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中不止一个PSPP元件沿至少一个所述波导芯布置。
11.根据权利要求4所述的设备,其中所述多个波导芯和对应的PSPP元件相对于所述空气支承面被配置为三维架构。
12.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述多个PSPP元件在所述目标处提供所述入射光能的相长干涉。
13.一种磁存储盘驱动器,其包括:
可旋转磁存储盘;
激光二极管;
多个介电波导芯,其被配置为从能量源接收入射光能并将所述入射光能引导至目标;以及
近场换能器,其形成在磁记录装置的空气支承面处,并且被配置为聚焦从所述多个波导芯接收的光能并将所聚焦的光能传送到所述存储盘表面上以在所述存储盘上生成加热点,所述近场换能器包括:
被配置为等离子金属脊的多个传播表面等离子体极化激元元件即PSPP元件;
其中每个所述PSPP元件与所述波导芯纵向对准布置在单个波导芯的表面上方;以及
其中每个所述PSPP元件被配置有与所述加热点的宽度大致相等的宽度。
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US9311952B2 (en) 2016-04-12
CN105321531B (zh) 2018-09-18
HK1219559A1 (zh) 2017-04-07
US8958272B1 (en) 2015-02-17

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