CN1105032C - 具有色移背景的衍射表面 - Google Patents
具有色移背景的衍射表面 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1105032C CN1105032C CN00810089A CN00810089A CN1105032C CN 1105032 C CN1105032 C CN 1105032C CN 00810089 A CN00810089 A CN 00810089A CN 00810089 A CN00810089 A CN 00810089A CN 1105032 C CN1105032 C CN 1105032C
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Abstract
一种安全制品(10),它包括具有第一表面和相对的第二表面的光透射基片(14),其中第一表面具有含衍射光栅图案或全息影像图案(15)的浮凸区。在该基片上形成色移光学涂层(16),例如在相对的第二表面上,该光学涂层随着入射光角度或视角的改变能提供可观察到的色移。该安全制品可以用在各种领域,用于提供例如防伪的改善安全措施。
Description
背景技术
1.技术领域
本发明总体上涉及一种用于制造安全制品的薄膜光学涂层。更具体的说,本发明涉及可以用于各种用途的安全制品的衍射表面,例如具有色移或光学可变背景的全息图或光栅。
2.相关技术
在从汽车涂料到用于安全文件和货币的防伪油墨的多个领域中,已经使用了色移颜料和着色剂。这种颜料和着色剂在改变入射光线的角度或在观察者的视角移动时会改变颜色。用于获得这种色移着色剂的主要方法是在将要被涂布至物体表面的介质例如涂料或油墨中分散小薄片,其中小薄片通常是由具有特定光学性质的多层薄膜构成。
衍射图案和浮凸以及全息的相关领域由于它们的美学和实用的视觉效果而获得广泛的应用。一种非常理想的装饰效果是因衍射光栅而产生的彩虹视觉效果。当环境光被来自衍射光栅的反射而衍射成为它的彩色成分时,就产生了这种惊人的视觉效果。通常衍射光栅主要是由材料中的线或槽而制成的重复结构,来形成峰和谷的结构。当衍射光栅在反射表面上每毫米具有几百至几千有规律间隔开的沟槽时,就产生了可视光谱中理想的光学效果。
衍射光栅技术已经被用来形成会使观察者产生三维影像幻觉的二维全息图案。另外,已经发现在各种物品上使用全息图案来打击伪冒具有广泛的应用。
目前浮凸有全息图案的表面涉及到从装饰物品例如礼品包装直至安全制品例如银行支票和信用卡的多种应用。二维全息图案一般采用在塑料表面上形成的衍射图案。在某些情况下,已经在这种表面上浮凸的全息影像不需进一步处理即可看见;但是为了获得最佳的光学效果,通常必须在浮凸的表面上设置一个反射层,一般是一个薄金属层例如铝层。该反射层显著提高了衍射图案浮凸的可见度。
不幸的是,为了伪造而对经常用于信用卡、银行支票等的全息图案进行复制具有极大的诱惑。复制全息图的一种方法是用激光扫描浮凸表面并将反射光束光学记录在材料层上例如可光聚合的聚合物层上。这样原始图案就被复制成为仿制品。另一种方法是通过离子刻蚀而从浮凸的金属表面上除去保护材料,然后当浮凸的表面被暴露出来时,沉积一个金属层例如银层(或其它易于剥离的层)。然后沉积镍层,该镍层随后被剥离以形成伪造的浮凸垫片。
由于伪造方法的技术水平完善,因此必须发展更先进的安全措施。一种方法是如Miekka等人的US5629068以及US5549774所披露的在浮凸表面上在薄金属层的位置施加油墨,例如金属小薄片油墨、金属效果油墨或带有由光学叠加形成的颜料的油墨。另一种方法如也在Miekka等人的US5624076以及US5672410所披露的,使用浮凸金属颗粒或光学叠加小薄片来制造全息影像图案。
上述的全息影像图案的另一个问题是为了使它们能够被看见,需要直接的镜面照明。这意味着为了获得最佳的视觉效果,照明光必须以与视角相同的角度入射。因此散射光源例如普通室光或在阴天的光线被用来照亮全息影像时,就不会显示出在全息图中所获得的较多视觉信息,通常能看见的只是来自浮凸表面的银色反射。
因此研制一种改善的安全产品来在普通室光下提供更好的观看质量并能够用于各种安全应用以使得伪造更加困难是非常有用的。
发明概述
根据此处具体和广泛描述的本发明,提供一种安全制品,它包括具有第一表面和相对的第二表面的光透射基片,其中第一表面具有光干涉图案例如衍射光栅图案和全息影像图案。在该基片上形成色移光学涂层,该光学涂层随着入射光角度或视角的改变能提供可观察到的色移。在一个实施方案中,该色移光学涂层在基片上与光学干涉图案相对的第二表面上形成,并且包括靠近基片形成的吸收层,吸收层上形成的绝缘层以及绝缘层上形成的反射层。或者这种多层光学涂层可以与衍射图案在基片的同一侧上形成。
在另一个实施方案中,色移光学涂层以油漆或油墨的形式涂布在基片上,它包括聚合物介质和分散在聚合物介质中的多个色移多层光学干涉小薄片。在另一个实施方案中,色移光学涂层与光透射浮凸基片共挤塑以形成相邻层,或在基片形成之前以干涉小薄片的形式分散在基片材料中。
本发明的安全制品可以用在各种领域,用于提供例如防伪的改善安全措施。该安全制品可以以标签、标记、带、安全线等形式来使用,用于各种物品例如安全文件、货币、信用卡、商品等。
本发明的这些和其它方面和特点可以从以下的描述和所附的权利要求中了解得更加清楚,或者可以参考本发明下述的实践。
附图的简要说明
为了更好的理解实现上述和其它优点的方式,将参考附图所示的特定实施方案对本发明作详细的描述,可以理解,附图只表示本发明的典型实施方案,而不是对其范围的限制,本发明将利用附图对附加特征和细节进行描述和解释。
图1A是具有本发明一个实施方案的色移光学涂层的安全制品示意图;
图1B是具有本发明另一个实施方案的色移光学涂层的安全制品示意图;
图2A是具有本发明再一个实施方案的色移光学涂层的安全制品示意图;
图2B是具有本发明又一个实施方案的色移光学涂层的安全制品示意图;
图3是根据本发明再一实施方案的安全制品示意图;
图4是根据本发明另外的实施方案的安全制品的示意图;
图5是图1A的安全制品上形成有可剥离层的示意图;
图6是图1A的安全制品连接至载体基片的示意图;
图7是图1B的安全制品上形成有可剥离层的示意图;以及
图8是图1B的安全制品连接至载体基片的示意图。
发明的详细描述
本发明涉及一种具有带色移背景的衍射表面的安全制品,它能产生增强的视觉效果。该安全制品的构成是采用了全息或衍射光栅与色移膜或层的结合,从而降低了伪造的可能性。另外,本发明的制品使得使用者在散射光下可以更容易的观察到影像或衍射效果,而无需直接镜面光。
通常,本发明安全制品的构成是采用了其上具有干涉图案的光透射基片与提供安全特征的色移光学涂层的结合,从而使得物品难以仿冒和伪造。
参考附图,其中同样的结构用同一标号表示,图1A表示根据本发明实施方案的安全制品10。该安全制品10包括在其外侧第一表面上形成有光学干涉图案15的光透射基片14。色移光学涂层16在基片14的相对第二表面上形成,以下将进行详细讨论。形成安全制品10的基片14与色移光学涂层16的结合提供了安全特征,它降低了其上有安全制品10的物品的复制、仿冒和/或伪造的可能性。
在光透射基片14的外侧表面上形成的光学干涉图案15可以具有常规的各种形式,包括衍射图案例如衍射光栅、折射图案、全息图案例如二维和三维全息影像、直角立方反射器或其它干涉图案。形成光学干涉图案15的具体方法和结构是该领域技术人员已知的。例如可以采用非常公知的方法使光透射基片浮凸以在其上形成干涉图案,例如以高压将塑料膜表面与热的镍浮凸垫片压接触而使其浮凸。其它方法包括光刻法、将塑料膜对着有图案的表面进行模制等。
通常,使用可模制的材料来形成光透射基片14,包括例如塑料如聚邻苯二酸乙二醇酯(PET)特别是PET型G、聚碳酸酯、丙烯酸类例如聚丙烯酸酯包括聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚丙烯腈、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯、聚邻苯二酸萘二醇酯(PNT)、其混合物或共聚物等。优选的光透射基片14主要由透明材料例如聚碳酸酯构成。所形成的基片14的适当厚度约是5-100μm,优选的厚度约是12-25μm。另外基片14可以由单层或多层基片材料构成。
在一个实施方案中,基片14可以由热塑性膜构成,该热塑性膜经热软化膜表面并然后将膜经过压花辊而形成浮凸,所述压花辊在软化的表面上形成了衍射光栅或全息影像。以这种方式,就可以在有效无限长度的片上形成衍射光栅或全息图。
如图1A所示,色移光学涂层16是多层光学干涉膜,包括吸收层18、绝缘层20和反射层22。吸收层18通过常用的沉积方法沉积在光透射基片14上,例如物理蒸气沉积(PVD)、溅射等。所形成的吸收层18的适宜厚度是约30-150埃(),优选的厚度是约50-100。吸收层18可以由半透明材料构成,例如灰色金属包括如铬、镍、钛、钒、钴和钯,以及其它金属例如铁、钨、钼、铌、铝等。也可以采用上述金属的各种结合和其合金,例如Inconel(Ni-Cr-Fe)。在吸收层18中可以使用其它的吸收材料,包括金属化合物例如金属氟化物、金属氧化物、金属硫化物、金属氮化物、金属碳化物、金属磷化物、金属硒化物、金属硅化物和其结合,以及碳、锗、金属陶瓷、铁氧化物、混合在绝缘基质中的金属等。
采用常规沉积方法在吸收层18上形成绝缘层20,例如PVD、活性DC溅射、RF溅射等。所形成的绝缘层20具有能赋予安全制品10以色移性能的有效光学厚度。该光学厚度是由ηd限定的公知光学参数,其中η是层的折射率,d是层的物理厚度。通常层的光学厚度以四分之一波长光学厚度(QWOT)来表示时等于4ηd/λ,λ为产生QWOT状态时的波长。绝缘层20的光学厚度范围可以从设计波长约为400nm时的2QWOT至设计波长约为700nm时的9QWOT,优选是在400-700nm时的2-6QWOT,这取决于所需要的色移。适合用于绝缘层20的材料包括具有“高”折射率(此处高折射率定义为大于约1.65)以及“低”折射率(此处低折射率定义为约1.65或更低)的材料。
适合用于绝缘层20的高折射率材料包括硫化锌(ZnS)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氧化锆(ZrO)、二氧化钛(TiO2)、碳(C)、氧化铟(In2O3)、氧化铟锡(ITO)、五氧化二钽(Ta2O5)、二氧化铈(CeO2)、氧化钇(Y2O3)、氧化铕(Eu2O3)、氧化铁例如四氧化三铁(Fe3O4)和三氧化二铁(Fe2O3)、氮化铪(HfN)、碳化铪(HfC)、氧化铪(HfO)、氧化镧(La2O3)、氧化镁(MgO)、氧化钕(Nd2O3)、氧化镨(Pr6O11)、氧化钐(Sm2O3)、氧化锑(Sb2O3)、碳化硅(SiC)、氮化硅(Si3N4)、单氧化硅(SiO3)、三氧化硒(Se2O3)、氧化锡(SnO2)、三氧化钨(WO3)、其结合等。
适合用于绝缘层20的低折射率材料包括二氧化硅(SiO2)、氧化铝(Al2O3)、金属氟化物例如氟化镁(MgF2)、氟化铝(AlF3)、氟化铈(CeF3)、氟化镧(LaF3)、钠铝氟化物(例如Na3AlF6或Na5Al3F14)、氟化钕(NdF3)、氟化钐(SmF3)、氟化钡(BaF2)、氟化钙(CaF2)、氟化锂(LiF),其结合或折射率约为1.65或更低的其他材料。例如可以采用有机单体和聚合物作为低折射率材料,包括二烯或烯烃例如丙烯酸酯(例如甲基丙烯酸酯)、全氟烯烃、聚四氟乙烯(Teflon)、氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP),其结合等。
采用常规的沉积方法在绝缘层20上形成反射层22,例如通过PVD、溅射等。所形成的反射层22适合的厚度约为300-1000,优选的厚度约为500-1000。反射层22优选由不透明的高反射金属构成,例如铝、银、铜、金、铂、铌、锡,其结合或合金,这取决于所需要的色移。可以理解,半透明金属例如灰金属在大约350-400变成不透明的。因此金属例如铬、镍、钛、钒、钴和钯、或钴镍合金(可以是磁性的),也可以以适当的厚度用作反射层22。
另外,反射层22可以由磁性金属例如钴镍合金构成,或由半透明材料形成,以提供用于安全验证的机器可读性。例如机器可读信息可以置于光学涂层之下的背衬上,如个人身份证号码(PINS)、帐户信息、来源贸易认证(business identification of source)、保证信息等。在另一个实施方案中,反射层22可以是断开的,以用肉眼或通过使用各种光、电、磁或其他探测设备对下面的信息进行局部观看。这样允许对除反射片段所在区域之外的区域中光学涂层之下的信息进行探测,因而增加了伪造的难度。另外,由于反射层是以受控制的方式断开的,因此控制了要避免被读出的特定信息,对避免仿冒或涂改提供了更好的防护。
通过使用用于色移光学涂层16的吸收/绝缘/反射设计,如图1所示,获得了对人眼来说是醒目的高色饱和度可变颜色效果。因此其上带有安全制品10的物体会因视角的变化或物体相对于观察者眼睛的角度变化而改变颜色。结果,颜色随视角而改变增加了安全制品10被仿冒和伪造的难度。例如采用本发明的色移光学涂层16可以获得色移,包括但不限于:金变绿、绿变品红、蓝变红、绿变银、品红变银、品红变金等。
通过光学涂层16的适当层设计,可以控制其色移性能。通过改变例如层厚度和每层的折射率等参数可以获得所需要的效果。在不同视角或入射光角度时所看到的颜色产生的变化是构成层的材料的选择性吸收以及波长依赖的干涉效果相结合的结果。在多层结构中发生了多重反射和透射的光波的叠加所产生的干涉效果是所看到的颜色在不同视角时发生色移的原因。
图1B表示根据本发明另一实施方案的安全制品30。安全制品30包括与上述安全制品10类似的包括其表面上形成有光学干涉图案的光透射基片14的元件,以及是多层膜的色移光学涂层16。但是该光学涂层16是采用常规的沉积方法在基片14上干涉图案的同一侧上形成的。光学涂层16包括干涉图案上的吸收层18,吸收层18上的绝缘层20,以及绝缘层20上的反射层22。如图1B所示,在基片14上形成的每个层其形状与干涉图案例如全息影像的相一致。
图2A表示根据本发明再一实施方案的安全制品40。安全制品40包括与上述安全制品10类似的包括其外侧第一表面上形成有光学干涉图案15的光透射基片14的元件,以及在基片14相对的第二表面上形成的色移光学涂层16。光学涂层16是多层膜,包括吸收层18和其上的绝缘层20,但是不包括反射层。这使得光学涂层16在其表面上对入射光是透明的,由此为载体基片(未显示)上光学涂层16下的信息提供了肉眼验证和机器可读性。
图2B表示根据本发明替换实施方案的安全制品50。安全制品50包括与上述安全制品40类似的包括其表面上形成有光学干涉图案的光透射基片14的元件,以及是多层膜的色移光学涂层16。但是该光学涂层16是采用常规的沉积方法在基片14上干涉图案的同一侧上形成。光学涂层16包括干涉图案上的吸收层18,吸收层18上的绝缘层20。这使得光学涂层16在其表面上对入射光是透明的,由此为载体基片上的信息提供了肉眼验证和机器可读性。
图3表示根据本发明另一实施方案的安全制品60。安全制品60包括与上述安全制品10类似的包括其外侧第一表面上形成有光学干涉图案15的光透射基片14的元件,以及施加至基片14的相对第二表面的色移光学涂层26。光学涂层26是色移油墨或油漆层形成的,该色移油墨或油漆包括其中散布着多个具有色移性能的光学干涉小薄片的聚合物介质。
光学涂层26的色移小薄片是由多层薄膜结构形成的,包括与上述安全制品10的光学涂层16相同的基本层。它们包括吸收层、绝缘层以及可选的反射层,所有这些都是由上述就光学涂层16的层而言的相同材料构成的。该小薄片可以形成为具有对称的多层薄膜结构,例如吸收层/绝缘层/反射层/绝缘层/吸收层,或吸收层/绝缘层/吸收层。或者该小薄片可以具有非对称结构,例如吸收层/绝缘层/反射层。所形成的小薄片在其任何一个表面上的尺寸范围约是2-200微米。
通常,多层薄膜结构是在其上带有可剥离层的的柔软片材上形成。采用薄涂层结构领域已知的方法在该片上形成各种层,例如采用PVD、溅射方法等。然后从片材上除去多层薄膜结构作为薄膜小薄片,然后该小薄片被加入到聚合物介质中,例如用作油墨或油漆的各种颜料溶剂中。除了小薄片以外,可以向油墨或油漆中加入添加剂以获得所需要的色移结果。这些添加剂包括薄片状颜料例如铝小薄片、石墨、云母小薄片等,以及非薄片状颜料例如铝粉、碳黑和其它着色剂例如有机或无机颜料和有色染料。
适合的小薄片结构实施方案在题为“色移薄膜颜料”的共同待决申请序列号09/198733(1998.11.24提交)中有所描述,其内容在此引入作为参考。可以用于本发明的油漆或油墨的其它适合色移或光学可变小薄片如US5135812、5171363、5278590、5084351、4838648和4168983所述,其公开内容在此引入作为参考。
例如US5135812中披露了一种对称光学多层膜,它可以由透明全绝缘堆叠或透明绝缘和半透明金属层堆叠而成。在全绝缘堆叠的情况下,光学涂层由高折射率和低折射率材料层交替构成。在Phillips等的US5278590中,披露了一种可以形成为小薄片的对称三层光学干涉涂层,它包括具有大致相同的组成和厚度的第一和第二部分透射的吸收层,并且在第一和第二吸收层之间有绝缘隔层。该绝缘层由低折射率材料例如氟化镁构成。
用来形成安全制品60上的光学涂层26的色移油墨或油漆可以用该领域技术人员已知的常规涂布设备和方法来涂布。它们包括例如各种印刷方法如丝网印刷、凹版印刷、照相凹版或苯胺印刷方法等。或者光学涂层26可以通过将含有色移小薄片的聚合物材料和用于形成带有干涉图案15的基片14的塑料材料共挤塑而在安全制品60上形成。
图4表示根据本发明另一实施方案的安全制品70。该安全制品70包括其外侧表面上形成有光学干涉图案15的光透射基片14。色移颜料分散在基片14中,该颜料包括多个多层光学干涉小薄片,如上述安全制品40所述。在形成基片之前将该小薄片分散在形成基片14的材料中。优选的,小薄片被取向而使得它们平行于基片14与所述外侧表面相对的背平面,以提供最大的色移效果。上述的各种安全制品可以被用于各种用途,来提供例如防伪的改进安全措施。该安全制品可以以标签、标记、条、安全线、带等形式来使用,用于各种物品例如安全文件、货币、信用卡、商品包装、许可证卡、有价证券、银行支票、纸、塑料或玻璃制品或其它类似物品等。
本发明的安全制品可以被转移并用各种常规的方法连接至各种物品上。例如该安全制品可以利用剥离层而施加至物品上。图5表示带有在基片14上形成的剥离层62的安全制品10。该剥离层62是适当的类型,以使得安全制品10能够在施加过程中被从其上除去,例如通过火印方法。剥离层62可以是聚合材料例如聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯、氯化橡胶、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、硝基纤维素、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸共聚物、脂肪酸、蜡、树胶、明胶和其混合物等。剥离层与载体结构64耦合,该载体结构可以是各种制造的带或其它加工的结构部分,能有助于将安全制品10转移至最终的结构元件上。
如图6所示,当安全制品10已经通过例如火印方法等被施加至物品上时,除去剥离层,然后安全制品与载体基片66通过粘结层68而耦合。载体基片66可以采用要粘结安全制品10的最终结构物品的形式,例如上述物品。形成载体基片66的材料可以选自塑料、纤维素、复合物、聚酯膜、PET片、聚酯薄膜片、玻璃纸、聚丙烯、纸、碎布/棉花、其结合等。粘结层68的材料可以选自丙烯酸基聚合物、UV活化的粘合剂、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯、聚酰胺等。
图7-8表示将安全制品例如安全制品30通过火印方法粘贴在载体基片66的方法和最终结构。图7表示在光透射基片24一侧上形成有剥离层62的安全制品30,例如其上形成有带干涉图案的丙烯酸涂层。基片24可以由其它材料例如上述基片14所述材料形成,包括聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚氯乙烯等。剥离层62在与干涉图案15上的光学涂层16相对一侧上形成,并被粘在载体结构64上。剥离层62使得包括基片24、吸收层18、绝缘层20和反射层22在内的安全制品30在火印过程中被从载体结构64上剥离下来。通常载体结构64可以由该领域技术人员已知的各种材料以各种厚度来形成。例如当载体结构64由PFT形成时,其厚度优选约为10-75μm。在本说明的启发下,其它材料和厚度范围也是可用的。另外当以丙烯酸材料形成时,光透射基片24的厚度可以是约3-20μm,带有浮凸表面。通常基片24应当有比光学涂层低的熔点或玻璃化转变温度,并且是透明的。
在火印之前,在反射层22上形成粘结层68,该粘结层的厚度约为2-20μm。如图8所示,当安全制品30已经通过火印而施加至物品例如载体结构66时,可以除去剥离层和载体结构,其中安全制品30由粘结层68耦合至载体结构66。随加热的金属印与载体结构64相接触,粘结层68与载体结构66形成粘和。加热的金属印将粘结层68压向载体结构66,同时加热粘结层68,以更有效的将其粘和至载体结构66。另外,加热的金属印软化剥离层62,由此有助于安全制品从载体结构64剥离,然后抛弃载体结构。一旦安全制品30已经被粘附在载体结构66,那么由安全制品30所产生的影像就可以从基片24朝向光学涂层16来观看。
给出以下实施例来解释本发明,但是不意味着是对本发明范围的限制。实施例1
用下拉方法在由PET膜构成的含有全息影像的光透射基片上形成由聚合物溶媒中的色移小薄片构成的光学涂层。下拉溶剂包括两份漆/催化剂和一份色移小薄片。所采用的色移小薄片具有绿变品红、蓝变红和品红变金的色移性能。实施例2
在浮凸透明膜上形成具有三层结构的色移光学涂层,以制造安全制品。在透明膜的平面上与浮凸表面相对的一层上形成光学涂层。该光学涂层如下形成:在透明膜的平面上沉积由铬构成的吸收层,在吸收层上沉积由氟化镁构成的绝缘层,在绝缘层上沉积铝反射层。
或者可以沉积铝层,从而它是透明的。这也使得在物品上印刷的信息可以透过光学涂层而被读出。另外反射层可以由磁性材料构成。这种色移成分中的磁性特征当其被加入到全息成分中时能够为安全制品提供三个独立的安全特征。
形成安全制品的浮凸模和光学涂层可以被刚性粘贴在载体基片上,或可以被粘在剥离层上,从而安全制品可以被火印至物品的表面。另外色移薄膜的火印的影像可以是例如点、线、标志的图案或其它影像。这种光学可变效果图案可以为伪造带来更大的难度。
只要不脱离本发明的精神和主要特征,可以用其它具体的形式来实现本发明。所示的实施方案只是示例性而不是限制性的。因此本发明的范围由所附的权利要求来限定,而不是由前面的说明书来限定。在权利要求等效范围内的所有变化也落在本发明的范围内。
Claims (52)
1.一种安全制品,包括:
具有第一表面和相对的第二表面的光透射基片,该第一表面具有光学干涉图案;以及
基片第二表面上的色移光学涂层,该光学涂层在入射光角度或观察角变化时提供可见的色移。
2.如权利要求1的安全制品,其中基片由塑料材料构成。
3.如权利要求2的安全制品,其中塑料材料选自聚邻苯二酸乙二醇酯、聚碳酸酯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯腈、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯、聚邻苯二酸萘二醇酯以及它们的混合物或共聚物。
4.如权利要求1的安全制品,其中光学干涉图案是衍射光栅图案或全息影像图案。
5.如权利要求1的安全制品,其中色移光学涂层是多层光学干涉膜,包括在基片第二表面上的吸收层,以及吸收层上的绝缘层。
6.如权利要求1的安全制品,其中色移光学涂层是多层光学干涉膜,包括在基片第二表面上的吸收层,吸收层上的绝缘层,以及绝缘层上的反射层。
7.如权利要求1的安全制品,其中色移光学涂层包括分散在聚合介质中的多个多层光学干涉小薄片。
8.如权利要求1的安全制品,还包括基片上的剥离层。
9.一种安全制品,包括:
具有第一表面和相对的第二表面的光透射基片,该第一表面具有衍射光栅图案或全息影像图案;以及
基片第二表面上的色移多层光学膜,该光学膜包括:
在基片第二表面上的吸收层;
吸收层上的绝缘层;
以及绝缘层上的反射层;
其中该光学膜涂层在入射光角度或观察角变化时提供可见的色移。
10.如权利要求9的安全制品,其中吸收层包括选自铬、镍、钯、钛、钒、钴、铁、钨、钼、铌、氧化铁、碳以及它们的结合或合金的材料。
11.如权利要求9的安全制品,其中吸收层的物理厚度约为30-150。
12.如权利要求9的安全制品,其中绝缘层的折射率为1.65或更小。
13.如权利要求12的安全制品,其中绝缘层包括选自二氧化硅、氧化铝、氟化镁、氟化铝、氟化铈、氟化镧、钠铝氟化物、氟化钕、氟化钐、氟化钡、氟化钙、氟化锂和它们的结合的材料。
14.如权利要求9的安全制品,其中绝缘层由有机材料构成。
15.如权利要求9的安全制品,其中绝缘层包括选自丙烯酸酯、全氟烯烃、聚四氟乙烯、氟化乙烯丙烯和其结合的材料。
16.如权利要求9的安全制品,其中绝缘层的折射率大于1.65。
17.如权利要求16的安全制品,其中绝缘层包括选自硫化锌、氧化锌、氧化锆、二氧化钛、碳、氧化铟、氧化铟锡、五氧化二钽、二氧化铈、氧化钇、氧化铕、氧化铁、氮化铪、碳化铪、氧化铪、氧化镧、氧化镁、氧化钕、氧化镨、氧化钐、氧化锑、碳化硅、氮化硅、单氧化硅、三氧化硒、氧化锡、三氧化钨和其结合的材料。
18.如权利要求9的安全制品,其中绝缘层的光学厚度范围从设计波长约为400nm时的2QWOT至设计波长约为700nm时的9QWOT。
19.如权利要求9的安全制品,其中反射层包括选自铝、银、铜、金、钯、铂、镍、钴、锡、铌、铬和其结合或合金的材料。
20.如权利要求9的安全制品,其中反射层由磁性材料构成。
21.如权利要求20的安全制品,其中磁性材料包括钴镍合金。
22.如权利要求9的安全制品,其中反射层的物理厚度约为300-1000。
23.一种安全制品,包括
具有第一表面和相对的第二表面的光透射基片,该第一表面具有衍射光栅图案或全息影像图案;以及
基片第二表面上的色移多层光学膜,该光学膜包括聚合物介质和分散在该聚合物介质中的多个色移多层光学干涉小薄片,每个干涉小薄片包括至少一个吸收层和绝缘层;
其中该光学膜涂层在入射光角度或观察角变化时提供可见的色移。
24.如权利要求23的安全制品,其中每个小薄片在其任何一个表面上的尺寸范围约为2-200微米。
25.如权利要求23的安全制品,其中每个小薄片还包括反射层。
26.一种安全制品,包括:
具有第一表面和相对的第二表面的光透射基片,该第一表面具有衍射光栅图案或全息影像图案;以及
分散在基片中的色移颜料,包括多个多层光学干涉小薄片,每个干涉小薄片包括至少一个吸收层和绝缘层,该颜料在入射光角度或观察角变化时提供可见的色移。
27.如权利要求26的安全制品,其中每个小薄片在其任何一个表面上的尺寸范围约为2-200微米。
28.如权利要求26的安全制品,其中每个小薄片还包括反射层。
29.一种制造安全制品的方法,包括以下步骤:
提供具有第一表面和相对的第二表面的光透射基片,该第一表面具有光学干涉图案;以及
在基片第二表面上形成色移光学涂层,该光学涂层在入射光角度或观察角变化时提供可见的色移。
30.如权利要求29的方法,其中基片由塑料材料构成。
31.如权利要求30的方法,其中塑料材料选自聚邻苯二酸乙二醇酯、聚碳酸酯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯腈、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯、聚邻苯二酸萘二醇酯以及它们的混合物或共聚物。
32.如权利要求29的方法,其中光学干涉图案是在基片的第一表面上浮凸衍射光栅图案或全息影像图案而形成的。
33.如权利要求29的方法,其中色移光学涂层是通过在基片第二表面上沉积吸收层,并在吸收层上沉积绝缘层而形成的。
34.如权利要求33的方法,其中还包括在绝缘层上沉积反射层的步骤。
35.如权利要求34的方法,其中吸收层、绝缘层和反射层分别是通过物理蒸气沉积而形成的。
36.如权利要求29的方法,其中色移光学涂层是通过在基片的第二表面上施加包括分散在聚合物介质中的多个多层光学干涉小薄片的色移油墨而形成的。
37.如权利要求29的方法,其中色移光学涂层通过将包括分散在聚合物介质中的多个多层光学干涉小薄片的色移材料和形成基片的材料共挤塑而在基片的第二表面上形成。
38.如权利要求29的方法,还包括在基片上形成剥离层的步骤。
39.如权利要求38的方法,还包括将安全制品火印在物品上的步骤。
40.如权利要求29的方法,还包括将安全制品连接至物品上的方法。
41.如权利要求40的方法,其中物品选自安全文件、货币、信用卡和商品包装。
42.一种安全制品,包括
具有第一表面和相对的第二表面的光透射基片,该第一表面具有衍射光栅图案或全息影像图案;以及
基片第一表面上的色移多层光学膜,该光学膜包括:
在基片第一表面上的吸收层;以及
吸收层上的绝缘层;
其中该光学膜涂层在入射光角度或观察角变化时提供可见的色移。
43.如权利要求42的安全制品,其中基片由塑料材料构成。
44.如权利要求42的安全制品,其中该光学膜还包括在绝缘层上的反射层。
45.如权利要求42的安全制品,其中吸收层包括选自铬、镍、钯、钛、钒、钴、铁、钨、钼、铌、氧化铁、碳以及它们的结合或合金的材料。
46.如权利要求42的安全制品,其中绝缘层包括选自二氧化硅、氧化铝、氟化镁、氟化铝、氟化铈、氟化镧、钠铝氟化物、氟化钕、氟化钐、氟化钡、氟化钙、氟化锂和它们的结合的材料。
47.如权利要求42的安全制品,其中绝缘层由有机材料构成。
48.如权利要求42的安全制品,其中绝缘层包括选自硫化锌、氧化锌、氧化锆、二氧化钛、碳、氧化铟、氧化铟锡、五氧化二钽、二氧化铈、氧化钇、氧化铕、氧化铁、氮化铪、碳化铪、氧化铪、氧化镧、氧化镁、氧化钕、氧化镨、氧化钐、氧化锑、碳化硅、氮化硅、单氧化硅、三氧化硒、氧化锡、三氧化钨和其结合的材料。
49.如权利要求44的安全制品,其中反射层包括选自铝、银、铜、金、钯、铂、镍、钴、锡、铌、铬和其结合或合金的材料。
50.如权利要求44的安全制品,其中反射层由磁性材料构成。
51.如权利要求42的安全制品,还包括基片第二表面上的剥离层。
52.如权利要求42的安全制品,还包括光学膜上的粘结层。
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US09/351,102 | 1999-07-08 | ||
US09/351,102 US6761959B1 (en) | 1999-07-08 | 1999-07-08 | Diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds |
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CN1360544A CN1360544A (zh) | 2002-07-24 |
CN1105032C true CN1105032C (zh) | 2003-04-09 |
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CN00810089A Expired - Lifetime CN1105032C (zh) | 1999-07-08 | 2000-04-21 | 具有色移背景的衍射表面 |
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EP (1) | EP1198357B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4722353B2 (zh) |
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CN (1) | CN1105032C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE312722T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU770682B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2378502C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60024827T2 (zh) |
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WO (1) | WO2001003945A1 (zh) |
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1999
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-
2000
- 2000-04-21 CN CN00810089A patent/CN1105032C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-21 AU AU48014/00A patent/AU770682B2/en not_active Expired
- 2000-04-21 KR KR1020027000224A patent/KR100739895B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2000-04-21 WO PCT/US2000/010985 patent/WO2001003945A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-04-21 AT AT00930140T patent/ATE312722T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-21 CA CA2378502A patent/CA2378502C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-21 EP EP00930140A patent/EP1198357B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2000-04-21 DE DE60024827T patent/DE60024827T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-21 JP JP2001509388A patent/JP4722353B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-05 TW TW089110983A patent/TWI280198B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-10-17 US US10/688,357 patent/US7005178B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-12 US US10/706,142 patent/US7754112B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-12 US US10/706,211 patent/US7029745B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2007
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- 2007-09-26 US US11/861,393 patent/US20080018965A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101952128B (zh) * | 2008-02-15 | 2014-07-16 | 德国捷德有限公司 | 安全元件、制造方法、安全纸、数据载体及其用途 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20070292636A1 (en) | 2007-12-20 |
JP4722353B2 (ja) | 2011-07-13 |
US20040094850A1 (en) | 2004-05-20 |
US20040081807A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
TWI280198B (en) | 2007-05-01 |
EP1198357B1 (en) | 2005-12-14 |
CA2378502C (en) | 2010-07-06 |
CA2378502A1 (en) | 2001-01-18 |
AU770682B2 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
DE60024827T2 (de) | 2006-07-13 |
US20080018965A1 (en) | 2008-01-24 |
DE60024827D1 (de) | 2006-01-19 |
KR100739895B1 (ko) | 2007-07-13 |
US20040105963A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
US6761959B1 (en) | 2004-07-13 |
ATE312722T1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
CN1360544A (zh) | 2002-07-24 |
JP2003504680A (ja) | 2003-02-04 |
KR20020026350A (ko) | 2002-04-09 |
US7005178B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 |
WO2001003945A1 (en) | 2001-01-18 |
US7754112B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 |
EP1198357A1 (en) | 2002-04-24 |
AU4801400A (en) | 2001-01-30 |
US7029745B2 (en) | 2006-04-18 |
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