CN1129276A - Perforation and fracturing device for oil well - Google Patents
Perforation and fracturing device for oil well Download PDFInfo
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- CN1129276A CN1129276A CN 95101382 CN95101382A CN1129276A CN 1129276 A CN1129276 A CN 1129276A CN 95101382 CN95101382 CN 95101382 CN 95101382 A CN95101382 A CN 95101382A CN 1129276 A CN1129276 A CN 1129276A
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- energetic material
- side direction
- perforator
- dividing plate
- completion system
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Abstract
The well completion equipment with two functions of perforation and fracturing is composed of general perforator and aftereffect action portion which is characterized by that an energy-containing material capable of instantaneously producing a lot of high-temp.high-pressure gas is placed in front of the perforator, then is pushed into the channel opened by jet stream by means of the high pressure produced by charge explosion of the perforator and is ignited in the channel and reacted to produce high pressure to press-crack the oil reservoir to produce a new still deeper fracture. Said invention can greatly save funds, reduce working capacity, and the fracturing operation can be implemented in any bad work environment.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-functional completion system that perforation and two operations of pressure break are combined, specifically drive metal jet by explosive charge, penetrate oil pipe, cement layer, and get enough dark duct in the oil reservoir around, and then the high pressure that utilizes explosive detonation to produce pushes this duct with energetic material and makes it that detonation (or detonation) take place in the duct, so that produce the completion system of more darker crackles in oil reservoir, belongs to the C10G100 class
When oil exploration and oil recovery, to carry out drilling well and setting of casing earlier to the oil field as shown in Figure 1, using cement stabilization between sleeve pipe and the stratum, then the perforating gun that perforator is housed is lowered to appropriate depth in the sleeve pipe again, the perforator that detonates makes it to get a passage between sleeve pipe and oil reservoir.Yet, because the difference of oil-containing structure, the penetrating power difference, produce oil at once usually after the perforation perhaps can not obtain satisfied output.Therefore also to carry out pressure break shown in Figure 2.Be about to contain in the fracturing fluid sprue bushing of fracturing sand, seal well head.Be forced into 600 atmospheric pressure even higher for the liquid that is enclosed in the sleeve pipe with fracturing unit truck, this pressure acts on the oil reservoir on every side of duct by fracturing fluid, makes its new darker crackle that splits.After crackle pressed off, fracturing sand was along with fracturing fluid enters in the layer crack, and stayed the there, made it to become permanent crackle.Oil well after handling like this generally can keep high and stable yields in 3-5.Present problem is the not only great writing brush of engineering of fracturing work, and is costly, and in the environment such as the desert of inclement condition, marine and ungetable mountain area can't be realized at all.
The present invention's purpose is at the problems referred to above, and a kind of completion system that possesses perforation and two kinds of functions of pressure break is provided.Two operations of perforation and pressure break are once finished.So not only save manpower and materials over half and fund, and be not subjected to environmental limitations, can realize in all case.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of completion system, it comprises common petroleum perforator and has the after effect part of pressure break function, its design feature is to be equipped with the after effect part in the place ahead of conventional gun, it comprises the energetic material that can produce a large amount of high temperature and high pressure gas in moment, and the preceding storehouse of this energetic material of splendid attire.
Bottom, preceding storehouse is left for jet, and the circular hole that detonation products and energetic material pass through, inner surface are streamline or the broken line type that is easy to the energetic material ejection.Preceding storehouse is a metal, and powder metallurgy or other temperature-resistant material are made.
Energetic material can be gunpowder, explosive, propellant and their mixture, is low-density annular block structure, and inner surface leaves the circular hole that can allow jet and detonation products pass through, and external surface is streamline or broken line type.Add a small amount of fracturing sand (percentage by weight＜10%) in energetic material, then fracturing effect is better.
For increasing the speed of energetic material to axe movement, the present invention can do suitable improvement: it comprises conventional gun and has the after effect part of pressure break function, be characterized in the after effect part, increasing an annular side to driving dividing plate, its position is in the energetic material outside, inboard, preceding storehouse, but and stay the skim the air gap between the inwall of preceding storehouse.Its effect is that the high pressure that allows perforator powder charge detonation produce is introduced in this layer of air crack, and utilizes it to promote side direction driving dividing plate and inwardly move, and side direction drives the energetic material that dividing plate passes to this motion the inside again.
At some special requirement, the present invention adopts following structure: it comprises conventional gun and after effect part, be characterized in main energetic material is placed middle part, conventional gun the place ahead, main energetic material outside is that side direction drives dividing plate, dividing plate fills outward and adds skim side direction driving energetic material, and outermost is covered with preceding storehouse.Its objective is that impact that the impact that utilizes the perforator powder charge to produce involves the powder charge detonation product side direction of igniting drives energetic material, make it to take place fast chemical reaction, promoting side direction driving dividing plate inwardly moves, quicken main energetic material, faster to axe movement, so that spray in last the past storehouse bottom circular aperture.
Entering igniting of main energetic material in the duct adopts self-ignition or ignites outward.Self-ignition is exactly impact and a heatproof characteristic (or adding a small amount of sensitizer therein) of utilizing some energetic material, makes it enter the compression that is hit behind the duct back spontaneous combustion that heats up.Igniting outward is embedded in miniature delay detonator in the energetic material exactly, treats to ignite after energetic material all enters the duct again.
Owing to adopted such scheme, the completion system that the present invention has perforation and two kinds of functions of pressure break can add energetic material and realizes by filling in perforator the place ahead: after conventional gun is ignited, drive metal jet perforation in oil reservoir, because effluxvelocity is very high, (particularly near the energetic material centre bore) just formed low-pressure area around the approach that it is passed by; The detonation of perforator powder charge simultaneously, the rapid expansion of detonation product causes this completion system internal pressure sharply to raise, and the two acting in conjunction is extruded in the hole with energetic material the past storehouse, fill and add in the duct that jet is got, the energetic material in the duct of detonating then.Moment produces a large amount of gases after the energetic material igniting, produces several thousand in the duct--and several ten thousand atmospheric high pressure, this pressure is much larger than the tensile strength of oil reservoir structure.Oil reservoir is pressed off as a result, splits the darker crack that makes new advances, for the outflow of stratum PetroChina Company Limited. provides passage.This greatly simplifies fracturing technology, and expense is saved, and effect is direct, and instantaneous pressure can be ten of fracturing--and tens times, and in any rugged environment, can realize.
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1. be the oil well perforation operation schematic diagram of oil exploration and oil recovery.
Fig. 2. be traditional fracturing work schematic diagram.
Fig. 3. be common petroleum perforator schematic diagram.
Fig. 4. be common petroleum perforator perforation process schematic diagram.
Fig. 5. be the completion system schematic diagram that the present invention has perforation and two functions of pressure break.
Fig. 6. be the completion system schematic diagram that the band side direction drives dividing plate in the preceding storehouse of the present invention.
Fig. 7. be the completion system schematic diagram that the band side direction drives energetic material in the preceding storehouse of the present invention.
Fig. 8. be the assembling schematic diagram that the present invention is used for completion practice.
Fig. 9. be the schematic diagram that the present invention carries out fracturing work.
Fig. 1. shown in, when petroleum recovering, be to setting of casing behind the oil drilling 1.Again reinforcing with cement 2 between sleeve pipe 1 and the stratum 3, then perforator 5 is packed in the perforating gun 4 into appropriate depth in the following insertion sleeve pipe 1.As shown in Figure 3, make the perforator 5 that explosive 502 is housed, in rifle, ignite and perforation between sleeve pipe 1 and oil reservoir 3.The perforation process as shown in Figure 4, cavity liner 503 collapses under pressure, and forms metal jet, passes perforating gun 4, sleeve pipe 1, cement layer 2 is deep in the oil reservoir 3 always, gets duct 10.
Fig. 2 is traditional fracturing work schematic diagram.To will seal in the well with well head shutoff 8 during pressure break,, suppress in well by fracturing unit truck 9 then being full of the fracturing fluid 12 that contains fracturing sand 13 in the well.Pressure enters in the hole of penetrating 10 by fracturing fluid 12, acts directly on the oil reservoir 3.Because pressure constantly increases, and has surpassed the tensile strength of oil reservoir 3 structures at last, begins to occur crackle 11 in the oil reservoir 3, and constantly expansion is extended, fracturing sand 13 then enters in the crackle 11 along with fracturing fluid 12, and stays the there, makes the crackle 11 of new generation can't get back to original state.
Fig. 5 is embodiments of the invention one, it comprises conventional gun 5 and after effect part 6, it is held a little is that the preceding storehouse 601 that can produce energetic material 602 and this energetic material 602 of splendid attire of a large amount of high temperature and high pressure gas in moment is housed in conventional gun 5 the place aheads, the both is the axial symmetry rotary body, and circular hole is left at coaxial center, pass through for jet, and reserve passage for the ejection of perforator powder charge 502 detonation products and energetic material 602.Detonation after the powder charge in the perforator 5 502 is detonated, cavity liner 503 crushes, form the high speed metal jet and near energetic material 602 and 601 bottom centre holes, preceding storehouse make energetic material 602 centre bores by this high-speed motion, produce a low-pressure area, meanwhile, expansion by powder charge 502 detonation products of perforator 5, this completion system 7 internal pressures are sharply increased, and progressively inswept energetic material 602,601 bottoms, storehouse expansion forward.Near high pressure that this progressively advances and energetic material 602 centre bores low pressure acting in conjunction makes original density very low, and the structure of the energetic material 602 that intensity is little is destroyed immediately, collapse collapse and forward the circular hole of 601 bottoms, storehouse gush, and from that ejection; Enter in the duct 10 that perforator 5 jets get.
Fig. 6 is embodiments of the invention two, is characterized in that energetic material 602 places middle part, perforator 5 the place aheads, and energetic material 602 outsides are that side direction drives dividing plate 6031, and it also is axisymmetric that side direction drives dividing plate 6031, and coaxial with preceding storehouse 601 energetic materials 602.It is the air-gap of one deck 0-5 millimeters thick that side direction drives dividing plate 6031 outsides, air-gap is covered with preceding storehouse 601, after perforator 5 is ignited, that shock wave passes perforator 5 with the speed of 8000 meter per seconds and outer edge, enter preceding storehouse 601 and side direction drive dividing plate 6031 air-gap, and have the fragment of part cavity liner 503 and the detonation product of powder charge 502.This space pressure that preceding storehouse 601 and side direction are driven between the dividing plate 6031 sharply increases, this pressure promotes side direction and drives dividing plate 6031 to axe movement, this has just quickened the motion of energetic material 602 to axis direction, causes energetic material 602 to spray in the bottom circular aperture in storehouse 601 quickly in the past.
Fig. 7 is the embodiment of the invention three, is characterized in that main energetic material 602 places the middle part in perforator 5 the place aheads, and main energetic material 602 outer walls are that side direction drives dividing plate 6032.Side direction drives dividing plate 6032 outer filling and adds skim side direction driving energetic material 604, side direction drives energetic material 604 outsides and is covered with preceding storehouse 601, side direction drives dividing plate 6032 and side direction driving energetic material 604 all is axisymmetric, and all with preceding storehouse 601, main energetic material 602 is coaxial, after perforator 5 is ignited, shock wave passes the border of perforator 5 and side direction driving energetic material 604 with the speed of 8000 meter per seconds, approaching side is in driving energetic material 604, and have the fragment of part cavity liner 503 and the detonation product of powder charge 502, make side direction drive energetic material 604 at this percussion down-firing.After 604 igniting of side direction driving energetic material are reacted, the rapid expansion, the generation immense pressure promotes side direction driving dividing plate 6032 and main energetic material 602 to axe movement, sprays in the circular hole of main at last 602 the past of energetic material, 601 bottoms, storehouse.
Fig. 8 is the assembling schematic diagram that the present invention is used for completion practice, and completion system 7 of the present invention is placed in the perforating gun 4, and perforating gun 4 is put into sleeve pipe 1 appropriate depth.All are ready, ignite the perforator in the completion system 7, the beginning operation.
Claims (7)
- One. a kind of completion system, comprise conventional gun 5 and after effect part 6, after effect part 6 is made up of preceding storehouse 601 and the energetic material 602 that adds in preceding storehouse 601, and it is characterized in that: after effect part 6 places the place ahead of perforator, and energetic material 602 fills and adds among preceding storehouse 601.
- Two. completion system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a circular hole is left in 601 bottoms, preceding storehouse, and inner surface is streamline or broken line type.
- Three. completion system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: energetic material 602 can be heat resistant propellant, explosive, propellant and their mixture, be loose low-density loop configuration, inner surface leaves circular hole, external surface is streamline or broken line type, and energetic material 602 inside can be sneaked into a spot of fracturing sand equably.
- Four. a kind of completion system, comprise perforator 5 and after effect part 6, it is held to levy and is: in 601 inboards, preceding storehouse of after effect part 6, put a side direction between energetic material 602 outsides and drive dividing plate 6031.
- Five. completion system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described side direction drives dividing plate 6031 inner surfaces and energetic material 602 external surfaces join, be streamline or broken line type, side direction drives between dividing plate 6031 external surfaces and preceding storehouse 601 inner surfaces and stays one deck air-gap, and it is light metal plate such as aluminium sheet or other temperature-resistant material plate that side direction drives dividing plate 6031.
- Six. a kind of completion system, comprise perforator 5 and after effect part 6, it is characterized in that: energetic material 602 places middle part, perforator 5 the place aheads, energetic material 602 outsides are that side direction drives dividing plate 6032, side direction drives the dividing plate 6032 outer skim side direction that add and drives energetic material 604, and side direction drives energetic material 604 and is covered with preceding storehouse 601.
- Seven. completion system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: it is to fire heat resistant propellant, explosive, propellant and their mixture that speed is lower than perforator powder charge 502 that described side direction drives energetic material 604, and it is light metal plate such as aluminium sheet or other temperature-resistant material plate that side direction drives dividing plate 6032.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95101382A CN1055330C (en) | 1995-02-14 | 1995-02-14 | Perforation and fracturing device for oil well |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95101382A CN1055330C (en) | 1995-02-14 | 1995-02-14 | Perforation and fracturing device for oil well |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1129276A true CN1129276A (en) | 1996-08-21 |
| CN1055330C CN1055330C (en) | 2000-08-09 |
Family
ID=5073932
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95101382A Expired - Fee Related CN1055330C (en) | 1995-02-14 | 1995-02-14 | Perforation and fracturing device for oil well |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1055330C (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101566056B (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2012-04-25 | 西安瑞通能源科技有限公司 | Body-free coaxial following synergistic perforator |
| CN106437666A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-02-22 | 西南石油大学 | Novel technology for igniting specific explosive for explosive fracturing in oil and gas reservoir |
| CN107250483A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2017-10-13 | 地球动力学公司 | Current limliting determines phase perforating gun system and method |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2530833A (en) * | 1944-09-14 | 1950-11-21 | Mccullough Tool Company | Gun perforator |
| US2530834A (en) * | 1945-10-19 | 1950-11-21 | Mccullough Tool Company | Electrically fired perforating gun |
| US2796833A (en) * | 1952-05-10 | 1957-06-25 | William G Sweetman | Perforating devices |
| US3072054A (en) * | 1958-05-20 | 1963-01-08 | Gun Products Co | Oil well shooting projectile and method |
| US3358780A (en) * | 1965-05-24 | 1967-12-19 | Dresser Ind | Cumulative shaped charges |
| US4391337A (en) * | 1981-03-27 | 1983-07-05 | Ford Franklin C | High-velocity jet and propellant fracture device for gas and oil well production |
| CN1027914C (en) * | 1991-12-03 | 1995-03-15 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Compound bullet for perforation and fracturing |
-
1995
- 1995-02-14 CN CN95101382A patent/CN1055330C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101566056B (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2012-04-25 | 西安瑞通能源科技有限公司 | Body-free coaxial following synergistic perforator |
| CN107250483A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2017-10-13 | 地球动力学公司 | Current limliting determines phase perforating gun system and method |
| CN107250483B (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2019-04-23 | 地球动力学公司 | Current limliting determines phase perforating gun system and method |
| CN106437666A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-02-22 | 西南石油大学 | Novel technology for igniting specific explosive for explosive fracturing in oil and gas reservoir |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1055330C (en) | 2000-08-09 |
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